JPH0695005B2 - Optical position detector - Google Patents
Optical position detectorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0695005B2 JPH0695005B2 JP1087589A JP8758989A JPH0695005B2 JP H0695005 B2 JPH0695005 B2 JP H0695005B2 JP 1087589 A JP1087589 A JP 1087589A JP 8758989 A JP8758989 A JP 8758989A JP H0695005 B2 JPH0695005 B2 JP H0695005B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- light receiving
- receiving element
- analog
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （イ）産業上の利用分野 この発明は物体の位置を光学的に検出する光学的位置検
出装置に関する。The present invention relates to an optical position detecting device for optically detecting the position of an object.
（ロ）従来技術及びこの発明が解決しようとする問題点 従来、一対の光源と受光素子を所定距離離間して複数対
配置して検出パネルを構成し、一対の素子を順次作動さ
せることにより該パネル上の物体の位置を検出してい
る。即ち、第６図は一対の発光素子１と受光素子２を示
し、該発光素子１から出力された光は受光素子２におい
て受光されて電気信号に変換され、例えば微分・増幅回
路３に与えられ、ここで微分そして増幅されて一定レベ
ルの信号が出力される。発光素子１と受光素子２との間
に物体が存在すると、光が遮断されるから上記微分・増
幅回路３からの出力はなく、従って物体有りが検出され
る。このように、発光素子と受光素子との間に物体が有
るか否かのみ検出が行われ、このため物体検出の分解能
は隣合う受光素子のピッチの長さに限定されるか、倍精
度の装置でもせいぜい上記ピッチの長さの半分であっ
た。(B) Conventional technology and problems to be solved by the present invention Conventionally, a plurality of pairs of a light source and a light receiving element are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other to form a detection panel, and the pair of elements are sequentially operated by The position of the object on the panel is detected. That is, FIG. 6 shows a pair of the light emitting element 1 and the light receiving element 2. The light output from the light emitting element 1 is received by the light receiving element 2 and converted into an electric signal, which is given to, for example, a differentiating / amplifying circuit 3. , Here, the signal of a constant level is output after being differentiated and amplified. When an object is present between the light emitting element 1 and the light receiving element 2, the light is blocked, so that there is no output from the differentiating / amplifying circuit 3 and therefore the presence of the object is detected. In this way, the detection is performed only whether or not there is an object between the light emitting element and the light receiving element. Therefore, the resolution of the object detection is limited to the pitch length of the adjacent light receiving elements or the double precision Even with the device, it was at most half the length of the above pitch.
この発明は物体の位置を精度良く検出することができる
光学的位置検出装置を提供することである。The present invention is to provide an optical position detecting device capable of detecting the position of an object with high accuracy.
（ハ）問題点を解決するための手段 この発明の光学的位置検出装置は、受光素子から出力さ
れる光検出アナログ信号を該アナログ信号に比例するデ
イジタル信号へ変換するアナログ／デイジタル変換器
と、 遮光がない場合に前記アナログ／デジタル変換器により
出力されるデジタル信号が総ての受光素子について一定
値になるように前記各光源の発光量を制御する発光駆動
制御手段と、ひとつの受光素子の受光面において、遮光
されない光を受光する該受光面の部分の長さに対する該
受光素子の受光量との関係を示すデータを記憶する記憶
手段と、前記遮光がある場合に前記デジタル信号から遮
光する物体の位置を前記記憶手段に記憶されたデータに
従って演算する演算装置とを備えて構成されている。(C) Means for Solving the Problems The optical position detecting device of the present invention includes an analog / digital converter for converting a photodetection analog signal output from a light receiving element into a digital signal proportional to the analog signal, Light-emission drive control means for controlling the light emission amount of each light source so that the digital signal output by the analog / digital converter becomes a constant value for all the light-receiving elements when there is no light shielding, and one light-receiving element On the light receiving surface, storage means for storing data indicating the relationship between the length of the portion of the light receiving surface that receives light that is not shielded and the amount of light received by the light receiving element; and, if there is the light shielding, shield from the digital signal. And a computing device for computing the position of the object in accordance with the data stored in the storage means.
（ニ）作用 受光素子により受光される受光量は該受光素子を遮光す
る遮光距離と一定の関数になる。このため、受光素子か
らの受光量をとしてのアナログ信号を、アナログ／デイ
ジタル変換器（A/D変換器）により該アナログ信号に比
例するデイジタル信号に変換し、演算装置において上記
関数により精度の良い位置を求める。(D) Function The amount of light received by the light receiving element is a constant function of the light blocking distance for blocking the light receiving element. Therefore, an analog signal representing the amount of light received from the light receiving element is converted into a digital signal proportional to the analog signal by an analog / digital converter (A / D converter), and the arithmetic device is highly accurate by the above function. Find the position.
（ホ）実施例 いま、受光素子の受光面に垂直に赤外線を照射している
状態において、該受光面全体を遮光板で遮光してから該
遮光版を一方向に移動して受光面を露出させて赤外線を
受光する。このとき受光素子の露出した受光面の中心方
向への受光距離をｘとすると、受光距離ｘと受光素子の
受光量との関係は第２図に示すようになる。(E) Example Now, in the state where infrared rays are radiated vertically to the light receiving surface of the light receiving element, the entire light receiving surface is shielded by a light shielding plate, and then the light shielding plate is moved in one direction to expose the light receiving surface. To receive infrared rays. At this time, when the light receiving distance toward the center of the exposed light receiving surface of the light receiving element is x, the relationship between the light receiving distance x and the light receiving amount of the light receiving element is as shown in FIG.
第１図はこの発明の光学的位置検出装置の要部構成図で
ある。第１図において、それぞれ対になる発光素子11
a、11b、11c、11d…と受光素子12a、12b、12c、12d…と
が所定距離離間して配列されて検出パネルを構成してい
る。これら対をなす発光素子と受光素子は順次走査さ
れ、受光素子により受光されたアナログ信号はマルチプ
レクサ13を介して増幅器14に入力されて増幅される。増
幅器14からの出力はアナログ／デイジタル変換器15に入
力され、ここでアナログ量に比例したデイジタル値に変
換されてマイクロプロセッサ16に与えられる。マイクロ
プロセッサ16には演算回路16aが備えられ、ここで入力
されたデイジタル値から対応する受光素子の受光面の受
光距離ｘを算定する。この受光距離ｘの算定は受光距離
ｘと受光量の関係を直線近似しても良く、もっと正確な
関数を利用しても良い。マイクロプロセッサ16は受光距
離ｘと受光量の関係を示すデータを記憶している。第１
図の場合は、指により受光素子12b、12c、12dは遮光さ
れているから、対応する受光素子の受光距離、または受
光面の遮光されている遮光距離を求め、指の中心位置を
計算することができる。例えば、マイクロプロセッサ16
により第１図に示すように、基準位置からの遮光位置
x1，x2を算出すれば指の中心位置は（x1＋x2）/2により
求めることができる。なお、外乱光が受光素子に入力す
る場合は、全受光量から外乱光の受光量を引いた量に補
正して計算を行う。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the essential parts of the optical position detecting device of the present invention. In FIG. 1, each pair of light emitting elements 11
The light-receiving elements 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, ... Are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other to form a detection panel. The light emitting element and the light receiving element forming the pair are sequentially scanned, and the analog signal received by the light receiving element is input to and amplified by the amplifier 14 via the multiplexer 13. The output from the amplifier 14 is input to the analog / digital converter 15, where it is converted into a digital value proportional to the analog amount and given to the microprocessor 16. The microprocessor 16 is provided with an arithmetic circuit 16a, and calculates the light receiving distance x of the light receiving surface of the corresponding light receiving element from the digital value input here. In the calculation of the light receiving distance x, the relationship between the light receiving distance x and the light receiving amount may be linearly approximated, or a more accurate function may be used. The microprocessor 16 stores data indicating the relationship between the light receiving distance x and the light receiving amount. First
In the case of the figure, since the light receiving elements 12b, 12c, 12d are shielded by the finger, the light receiving distance of the corresponding light receiving element or the light shielding distance of the light receiving surface is calculated, and the center position of the finger is calculated. You can For example, microprocessor 16
As shown in Fig. 1, the light shielding position from the reference position
If x 1 and x 2 are calculated, the center position of the finger can be calculated by (x 1 + x 2 ) / 2. When the ambient light is input to the light receiving element, the calculation is performed by correcting the total received light amount to the amount of the ambient light received.
前記アナログ／デイジタル変換器15で得られたデイジタ
ル信号のデイジタル量のばらつきが大きい場合には、受
光素子の受光面が遮光されて無い状態で受光された光の
アナログ量を基準量としてマイクロプロセッサ16に記憶
させ、該基準量を100％とし、このうち何％の光量が遮
光されたかを計算して物体の遮光位置を求めることもで
きる。When the digital amount of the digital signal obtained by the analog / digital converter 15 has a large variation, the microprocessor 16 uses the analog amount of the light received when the light receiving surface of the light receiving element is not shielded as a reference amount. It is also possible to determine the light-shielding position of the object by storing it in the memory and setting the reference amount as 100% and calculating what percentage of the light amount is shielded.
第３図はアナログ量のばらつきを無くすために工夫され
たこの発明の一実施例を示し、第１図と同一要素は同一
符号を付して示している。第３図において、マイクロプ
ロセッサ16は発光素子駆動回路17とマルチプレクサ13を
順次走査して対をなす発光素子及び受光素子を動作可能
にする。一方、マイクロプロセッサ16はデイジタル／ア
ナログ変換器18に発光ダイオードからなる発光素子の発
光量を制御する制御信号を送る。デイジタル／アナログ
変換器18のアナログ出力は定電流回路19に与えられ、そ
の電流出力を制御し、遮光されていない場合のアナログ
／デイジタル変換器15からのデイジタル量が総ての受光
素子について一定になるように制御される。マイクロプ
ロセッサ16、デイジタル／アナログ変換器18、定電流回
路19および発光素子駆動回路17は遮光がない場合に前記
アナログ／デジタル変換器により出力されるデジタル信
号が総ての受光素子について一定値になるように前記各
光源の発光量を制御する発光駆動制御手段を構成してい
る。FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the present invention devised to eliminate variations in analog amount, and the same elements as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 3, the microprocessor 16 sequentially scans the light emitting element drive circuit 17 and the multiplexer 13 to enable the pair of light emitting element and light receiving element. On the other hand, the microprocessor 16 sends to the digital / analog converter 18 a control signal for controlling the amount of light emitted from the light emitting element formed of a light emitting diode. The analog output of the digital / analog converter 18 is given to the constant current circuit 19, and the current output is controlled so that the digital amount from the analog / digital converter 15 when not shielded is constant for all the light receiving elements. Controlled to be. In the microprocessor 16, the digital / analog converter 18, the constant current circuit 19 and the light emitting element drive circuit 17, the digital signal output by the analog / digital converter becomes a constant value for all the light receiving elements when there is no light shielding. Thus, the light emission drive control means for controlling the light emission amount of each light source is configured.
第４図は隣合う受光素子12およびこの受光素子により検
出される測定領域S,測定不可能な不感領域Ｆを示してい
る。測定においては、例えば測定対象である指の端部の
位置が不感領域Ｆに位置する場合がある。この場合、例
えば、不感領域Ｆの中心であるＡ点の位置x1′を前記不
感領域Ｆに位置する指の端部の真の位置x1の替わりと
し、指のもう一方の端部をx2とすると、指の中心位置を
（x1′＋x2）/2で近似すれば良い。この場合、隣合う受
光素子間の距離は短い程、良い精度を得ることができ
る。FIG. 4 shows the adjacent light receiving element 12, the measurement area S detected by this light receiving element, and the dead area F where measurement is impossible. In the measurement, for example, the position of the end of the finger as the measurement target may be located in the dead region F. In this case, for example, the position x 1 ′ of the point A, which is the center of the dead area F, is used as a substitute for the true position x 1 of the end of the finger located in the dead area F, and the other end of the finger is x. If it is 2 , the center position of the finger may be approximated by (x 1 ′ + x 2 ) / 2. In this case, the shorter the distance between adjacent light receiving elements, the better the accuracy can be obtained.
第５図は、受光アナログ量から算出された高精度の遮光
位置を分解能が隣合う受光素子間の距離、即ちピッチＰ
に等しい単精度またはP/2の倍精度に変換する場合の説
明図である。第５図において、例えばＢ点が実際の遮光
位置で本位置検出装置により高精度で検出されていると
する。この場合、単精度に変換するにはＢ点から最も近
い受光素子12の中心位置B1をマイクロプロセッサ16にお
いて求め、B1を単精度位置とする。また、Ｂ点の位置に
最も近いP/2の倍精度位置をマイクロプロセッサ16にお
いて求め、B2点を倍精度位置と定める。FIG. 5 shows a high-precision light-shielding position calculated from the light-receiving analog amount, the distance between light-receiving elements having adjacent resolutions, that is, the pitch P.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a case of conversion into single precision equal to or double precision of P / 2. In FIG. 5, it is assumed that, for example, point B is an actual light shielding position and is detected with high accuracy by the position detecting device. In this case, in order to convert into single precision, the center position B1 of the light receiving element 12 closest to the point B is obtained by the microprocessor 16, and B1 is set as the single precision position. Further, the P / 2 double precision position closest to the position of the B point is obtained by the microprocessor 16, and the B2 point is defined as the double precision position.
なお、発光素子と受光素子は、例えばモールド型、CAN
タイプのレンズ付きのものが使用可能である。発光素子
と受光素子の径および実装上のピッチは等しくすること
が精度および計算上好ましい。The light emitting element and the light receiving element are, for example, a mold type, a CAN
A type with a lens can be used. It is preferable in terms of accuracy and calculation that the light emitting element and the light receiving element have the same diameter and the same mounting pitch.
（ヘ）効果 この発明は、受光素子のアナログ出力を該アナログ量に
比例したデイジタル信号に変換し、遮光されない光を受
光する受光面の部分の長さに対する受光素子の受光量と
の関係を示すデータに従って遮光位置を計算しているか
ら、遮光位置の精度良い測定を行うことができる。即
ち、従来の装置では遮光位置の測定は単精度かせいぜい
倍精度であるが、本装置では倍精度以上の高精度を容易
に測定できる。また、CRT（陰極線管）画面上にカーソ
ルを使用して遮光位置を表示すれば、コンピュータを利
用した測定位置の各種応用技術に有効である。(F) Effect The present invention shows the relationship between the amount of light received by the light receiving element with respect to the length of the portion of the light receiving surface that converts the analog output of the light receiving element into a digital signal proportional to the analog amount and receives light that is not blocked. Since the shading position is calculated according to the data, it is possible to measure the shading position with high accuracy. That is, in the conventional device, the light-shielding position is measured with single precision or at most double precision, but with this device, high precision of double precision or higher can be easily measured. Displaying the light-shielding position using a cursor on the CRT (cathode ray tube) screen is effective for various application techniques of measuring position using a computer.
第１図はこの発明の光学的位置検出装置の要部を示す
図、第２図はひとつの受光素子の受光面における受光距
離と受光量を示す図、第３図はこの発明の一実施例を示
す図、第４図は受光素子の不感領域における遮光位置の
計算説明図、第５図は実際の遮光位置から単精度または
倍精度への換算説明図、第６図は従来の位置測定装置の
要部構成図である。 11…発光素子、12…受光素子、14…増幅器、 15…アナログ／デイジタル変換器、 16…マイクロプロセッサ。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a main part of an optical position detecting device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a light receiving distance and a light receiving amount on a light receiving surface of one light receiving element, and FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of calculation of a light shielding position in a dead region of a light receiving element, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of conversion of an actual light shielding position into single precision or double precision, and FIG. 6 is a conventional position measuring device. FIG. 11 ... Light emitting element, 12 ... Light receiving element, 14 ... Amplifier, 15 ... Analog / digital converter, 16 ... Microprocessor.
Claims (1)
て複数対配置し、前記光源から前記受光素子へ向けて発
光された光を遮光する物体の位置を検出する装置であっ
て、 前記受光素子から出力される光検出アナログ信号を該ア
ナログ信号に比例するデジタル信号へ変換するアナログ
／デジタル変換器と、 前記遮光がない場合に前記アナログ／デジタル変換器に
より出力されるデジタル信号が総ての受光素子について
一定値になるように前記各光源の発光量を制御する発光
駆動制御手段と、 前記ひとつの受光素子の受光面において、遮光されない
光を受光する該受光面の部分の長さに対する該受光素子
の受光量との関係を示すデータを記憶する記憶手段と、 前記遮光がある場合に前記デジタル信号から遮光する物
体の位置を前記記憶手段に記憶されたデータに従って演
算する演算装置と、を備えてなる光学的位置検出装置。1. A device for detecting a position of an object which shields light emitted from the light source toward the light receiving element, wherein a plurality of pairs of the light source and the light receiving element are arranged at a predetermined distance. An analog / digital converter that converts a photodetection analog signal output from the light receiving element into a digital signal proportional to the analog signal, and a digital signal output by the analog / digital converter when there is no light blocking are All the light receiving elements, the light emission drive control means for controlling the light emission amount of each light source so as to be a constant value, and the length of the light receiving surface of the light receiving surface of the one light receiving element that receives the light that is not blocked. Storage means for storing data indicating a relationship with the light receiving amount of the light receiving element, and the storage means for storing the position of an object that is shielded from the digital signal when there is the light shielding. An optical position detection device comprising: a calculation device that calculates according to stored data.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1087589A JPH0695005B2 (en) | 1989-04-06 | 1989-04-06 | Optical position detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1087589A JPH0695005B2 (en) | 1989-04-06 | 1989-04-06 | Optical position detector |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02266202A JPH02266202A (en) | 1990-10-31 |
| JPH0695005B2 true JPH0695005B2 (en) | 1994-11-24 |
Family
ID=13919188
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1087589A Expired - Lifetime JPH0695005B2 (en) | 1989-04-06 | 1989-04-06 | Optical position detector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0695005B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007017471A (en) * | 2005-07-05 | 2007-01-25 | Shicoh Eng Co Ltd | Position detector for detecting position of moving body and lens driving device |
| EP2041642A2 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2009-04-01 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method and apparatus for object learning and recognition based on optical parameters |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59176606A (en) * | 1983-03-26 | 1984-10-06 | Fujitsu Ltd | Detector for edge of flat plate body |
| JPS59146707U (en) * | 1984-02-15 | 1984-10-01 | 株式会社 マキ製作所 | Light beam sorting device for fruits and vegetables |
| JPS61163914U (en) * | 1985-03-31 | 1986-10-11 |
-
1989
- 1989-04-06 JP JP1087589A patent/JPH0695005B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02266202A (en) | 1990-10-31 |
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