JPH07135847A - Additives for mycorrhizal fungal medium - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Objective] To provide an additive for a mycorrhizal fungus medium which enables direct short-term mass growth of mycorrhizal fungal hyphae, which is directly linked to fruiting bodies or primordia formation of fruiting bodies. [Structure] Mycorrhizal fungi such as matsutake mushrooms and honshimeji mushrooms are to be cultivated, and the artificial medium, that is, the additive added to the medium composed by adding water to nutrients and mixing this with the soil constituting the medium is added. , Natural crude pectin, purified or decomposed product of pectin, or a mixture of both.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an additive for a medium for mycorrhizal fungi.

Many edible mycorrhizal fungi have a particular flavor such as matsutake mushrooms, honshimeji mushrooms, and boletus edulis, but they are difficult to cultivate and artificial cultivation is still in the test stage.

However, for mycorrhizal fungi, although artificial cultivation to fruit body harvesting using an artificial medium has not reached the stage of practical use at present, if the culture environment is adjusted by adding appropriate additives. , Growth of considerable hyphae can be expected even in an artificial medium, and if the growth of hyphae is promoted and fruit body formation or primordia formation is realized, artificial cultivation of mycorrhizal fungi fruit bodies is also realized. It's almost the same.

The present invention relates to an additive to be added to an artificial medium which is formed by adding water to nutrients etc. and mixing it into the constituent soil of the medium, and is intended for fungi mixed with fungi. is there.

[0005]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional technique relating to a liquid medium or a liquid medium for cultivating mycorrhizal fungi, the main source carbohydrate of the culture medium contained in the liquid medium was invented in 1992 by the inventor of the present invention. However, there is one composed of a monosaccharide or oligosaccharide carbohydrate and a polysaccharide carbohydrate such as starch and dextrin (Japanese Patent Application No. 4-335148).

Known techniques prior to the above-mentioned conventional techniques include so-called Hamada medium and M medium.

The above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 4-335148 is a dramatic improvement example of Hamada medium and M medium. Due to short-term mass growth of mycelia, the thickness of mycorrhizal fungi, which was not seen before, We have realized the provision of flattened mycelial foods.

[0008]

[Problems to be solved] However, the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 4-33.
What has not been realized even with the 5148 technology is the formation of a fruiting body or a primordium of a fruiting body. Mass formation of lumps of hyphae is required for the formation of primordia of fruiting bodies, and in addition to the above-mentioned conventional techniques, development of an additive that further promotes short-term growth of mycelia of mycorrhizal fungi has been desired.

In view of the above problems, the present invention is an additive for a mycorrhizal fungus medium that enables short-term mass growth of mycorrhizal fungal hyphae that directly leads to formation of fruiting bodies or primordia of fruiting bodies. The purpose is to provide.

[0010]

According to the present invention, the additive to be added to the medium for cultivating mycorrhizal fungi comprises natural crude pectin and a purified product of pectin, or a mixture of both. It is used as a means to solve the problem. Among the decomposed or purified products of pectin, pectic acid or galacturonic acid, which is decomposed or purified from natural crude pectin, plays a major role in solving the above problems.

The means for solving the problems in the present invention is intended mainly for mycorrhizal fungi such as Lyophyllum shimeji species such as Hon-shimeji mushroom and Tricholoma genus to which Matsutake belongs.

[0012]

The inventor of the present invention has discovered that, based on the accumulation of research to date, pectin enables a short-term mass growth of mycorrhizal fungal hyphae and plays a major role in the formation of primordia of fruiting bodies. did. It is the present invention that combines this epoch-making discovery with the solution to the above problems.

The above-mentioned additives are added to a liquid medium of the prior art, that is, a medium liquid containing monosaccharides or oligosaccharides, polysaccharides mannitol, yeast extract, dipotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and the like as components, and this medium is added. PH of liquid
PH adjusted to 5.0 or 5.5, Lyophyllum shimeji species such as honshimeji, Tricholom such as matsutake
Inoculate mycorrhizal fungi species such as genus a.

During a considerable culture period after inoculation of the fungal species, the purified or decomposed product of natural crude pectin or pectin such as pectic acid and galacturonic acid is an acidic polysaccharide, and therefore, as a growth-promoting nutrient of mycorrhizal fungi hyphae. Acting,
Although the detailed mechanism of action has not been elucidated, the amount of mycelium after the passage of the equivalent culture period is markedly increased as compared with the case where the additive of the present invention is not added.

Although it is certain that pectic acid and galacturonic acid are the main substances that bring about the short-term growth promoting effect of mycelia of mycorrhizal fungi, natural crude pectin is the mycelium of mushrooms during a considerable culture period. It is highly conceivable that, in addition to pectic acid and galacturonic acid, they will be decomposed by the action of enzymes secreted by the enzyme, and in addition to pectic acid and galacturonic acid, a pectin degradation product that is easy to ingest and suitable for mycelial growth will occur in the medium.

Further, the prior art is Japanese Patent Application No. 4-4596.
A medium prepared by adding the additive of the present invention to a medium prepared with reference to No. 9, that is, adding water to nutrients and the like, adding the additive of the present invention, and adding the additive to the constituent soil to form a medium After inoculation with the inoculum, and after a considerable period of culturing, the temperature environment was lowered to a somewhat low temperature and the development treatment was carried out for a considerable period of time.

[0017]

EXAMPLES Examples of additives of the medium for mycorrhizal fungi according to the present invention will be described below with reference to tables showing the results of culture experiments in comparison with conventional examples in which the additives are not added.

(Example 1) In this example, the additive of the example was composed only of natural crude pectin (abbreviated as pectin in the table), and the example of Japanese Patent Application No. 4-335148 was used as the additive of the present invention. Was used as the basal medium solution before addition.

This basal medium solution contained 750 ml of medium solution in which starch was 5% (hereinafter,% is weight percent), glucose was 3%, mannitol was 0.1%, and yeast extract was 0.3.
%, Dipotassium phosphate 0.05%, and magnesium sulfate 0.05% were dissolved. The pH of this basal medium solution was adjusted to pH 5.0 with 1N hydrochloric acid and sterilized to obtain a medium solution before the addition of the additive of this example.

Tricholoma matutake IFO. 6933 which is a genus Tricholoma of the genus Tricholoma is added to the above basal medium solution to which three different predetermined amounts of additives of the present invention are added.
Strain), cultured at 22 to 23 ° C., and inoculated with 1
Table 1 below shows the results of measurement and comparison of the amount of hyphae after 20 days and 240 days.

[Table 1] As shown in Table 1, in the culture period of 120 days,
Compared to the basal medium without the addition of the inventive examples additives,
The mycelial growth rate is better when the appropriate amount of the additive of the example of the present invention is added internally or externally in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5% by weight. In addition, even in the culture period of 240 days, a considerable increase in mycelia was observed.

With reference to Japanese Patent Application No. 4-45969, 150 g of peat moss and 3.20 g of calcium carbonate were added to the medium solution containing the different amounts of the additives of the present example in four different stages.
Was mixed with the medium-constituting soil, and the pH was adjusted to 5.0. Similarly, Tricholoma matutake IFO.
933 strain), the cells were cultured at 22 to 23 ° C. for 300 days and further subjected to a development treatment at 17 ° C. for 50 days to observe the presence or absence of fruiting body primordia formation. Table 2 shows the result.

The culture medium container used in the primordium formation observation experiment is the Japanese Patent Application No. 1-1-1 related to the novel invention of the inventor of the present invention.
This is a bag-shaped container made of synthetic resin according to Example No. 98479.

[0023]

[Table 2] As shown in Table 2, when 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of the natural crude pectin, which is the additive of this example, is added internally or externally, the primordia formation rate of fruiting bodies is very good. Further, the amount of mycelia in the primordia is significantly increased as compared with the case where the additive of this example is not added.

(Example 2) Also in this example, as in Example 1, the additive of Example consisted only of natural crude pectin (abbreviated as pectin in the table), and the example of Japanese Patent Application No. 4-335148 was used. Invention Example A basal medium solution before addition of additives was used.

This basal medium solution contained 750 ml of medium solution in which starch was 5% (hereinafter,% is weight percent), glucose was 3%, mannitol was 0.1%, and yeast extract was 0.3.
%, Dipotassium phosphate 0.05%, and magnesium sulfate 0.05% were dissolved. The pH of the basal medium solution was adjusted to pH 5.3 to 5.5 with 1N hydrochloric acid, and sterilized to obtain a medium solution before the addition of the additive of this example.

The above basic medium solution to which four different predetermined amounts of additives of the present invention were added was
ophyllum shimeji H-11 strain) inoculated with 22 to 22
Table 3 below shows the results of measuring and comparing the mycelium amounts 50 days and 100 days after inoculation with the seeds after culturing at 23 ° C.

[0027]

[Table 3] As shown in Table 3, in the culture period of 50 days, an appropriate amount of the additive of the present invention, 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, was compared with the basal medium to which the additive of the present invention was not added. When added, the degree of mycelial growth is better. Even after 100 days of culture, a considerable amount of mycelia was observed.

With reference to Japanese Patent Application No. 4-45969, 150 g of peat moss, 3.75 g of pulverized coal made from konara as a raw material, and calcium carbonate of 3 were added to a medium containing 5 different predetermined amounts of the additives of this Example. After being mixed in a medium-constituting soil consisting of 0.75 g to adjust the pH to 5.3 to 5.5, similarly, honshimeji (Lyophyllum shimeji M-11 strain and Narabayashi trial strain 1501 strain) were inoculated, and 22 to 23 ° C. In 9
After culturing for 0 days, generation treatment was further performed in a room at 16 ° C for 30 days, and the presence or absence of fruiting body formation was observed. Table 4 shows the result.

The culture medium container used in the fruiting body formation observation experiment is the bag-shaped container made of synthetic resin of the example of Japanese Patent Application No. 1-198479 related to the novel invention of the inventor of the present invention.

[0030]

[Table 4] As shown in Table 4, the formation of fruiting bodies was confirmed only when 0.1% by weight or more of the natural crude pectin as the additive of this example was added. When 1.0% by weight of the additive of this example is added, the amount of mycelium becomes maximum.

(Example 3) In this example, the additive of Example was composed of pectic acid or galacturonic acid, and as in Examples 1 and 2, the example of Japanese Patent Application No. 4-335148 was used as an example of the present invention. This was the basal medium solution before adding additives. This basal medium solution was the same as in Example 2 except that 750 ml of medium solution contained 5% starch (hereinafter,% is weight percent), glucose 3%, mannitol 0.1%, and yeast extract 0.3.
%, Dipotassium phosphate 0.05%, and magnesium sulfate 0.05% were dissolved. The pH of the basal medium solution was adjusted to pH 5.3 to 5.5 with 1N hydrochloric acid, and sterilized to obtain a medium solution before the addition of the additive of this example.

A medium solution prepared by adding 0.1% by weight of a predetermined amount of pectic acid and galacturonic acid, which are the additives of this example, to this basic medium solution was prepared by referring to Japanese Patent Application No. 4-45969, 150 g of peat moss and Japanese oak. Pulverized coal used as a raw material 3.
75 g of calcium carbonate and 3.75 g of calcium carbonate were mixed in the soil to adjust the pH to 5.3 to 5.5, and then similarly inoculated with honshimeji (Lyophyllum shimeji H-11 strain and Narabayashi strain 1501 strain). After culturing at 22 to 23 ° C. for 90 days, generation treatment was further performed in a room at 16 ° C. for 30 days, and the presence or absence of fruiting body formation was observed. Table 5 shows the result.

The medium container used in the fruiting body formation observation experiment was the same as that used in Examples 1 and 2, and was used in Japanese Patent Application No. 1-198479 according to the novel invention of the inventor of the present invention. Is a synthetic resin bag-shaped container.

[0034]

[Table 5] As shown in Table 5, even when the additives of the present invention were pectic acid and galacturonic acid, fruiting body formation was observed, which was not seen in the case of no addition, and was almost the same as in Examples 1 and 2. The findings were obtained.

[0035]

As described above in detail, according to the additive of the culture medium for mycorrhizal fungi of the present invention, a short-term large amount of mycorrhizal fungi mycelia that directly leads to the formation of fruiting bodies or primordia of fruiting bodies. An additive of a medium for mycorrhizal fungi that enables growth is provided,
For the first time, artificial cultivation of mycorrhizal mushrooms such as matsutake mushrooms and honshimeji mushrooms, which have a special flavor and great marketability, has been realized.

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Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for cultivating mycorrhizal fungi, which comprises adding water to nutrients, etc., and mixing it with the soil constituting the medium, and adding the additive to the medium to be purified or decomposed of natural crude pectin or pectin. And a mixture of the two. An additive for a mycorrhizal fungus medium. 2. The additive for a mycorrhizal fungal medium according to claim 1, wherein the purified or decomposed product of pectin is pectic acid or galacturonic acid. 3. The mycorrhizal mushrooms to be cultivated are Lyophyllum
Shimeji species, The additive of the medium for mycorrhizal fungi according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The mycorrhizal mushrooms to be cultivated are Tricholoma
Additive of the culture medium for mycorrhizal fungi according to claim 1 or 2, which is a genus.