JPH07155388A - Smoke ventilator utilizing spiral vortex - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce an initial cost and working cost of a smoke ventilator which discharges the smoke generated by fires, etc., in an atrium. CONSTITUTION:A smoke ventilating machine 26 is disposed in the upper part of a building 22 having the atrium 21. The inner peripheral surface of the atrium 21 is provided with feed air blow-off ports 27, 27.... These feed air blow-off ports 27, 27 are disposed by aligning the blow off direction thereof onto the approximate connection of a circle inscribing the horizontal direction of the atrium 21. The air in the atrium 21 is discharged by operation of the smoke ventilating machine 26 and the air outside the building is introduced from outdoor air intake ports 29, 29... by suction by the negative pressure according to this discharge, by which the air is blown out of the feed air blow-off ports 27, 27.... The air blown out of the feed air blow-off ports 27, 27 generates vortexes in the atrium 21 and simultaneously generates spiral vortexes by the synergistic effect with the negative pressure generated by the discharge, by which the smoke in the atrium 21 is introduced and is discharged outside the building from the smoke ventilating machine 26.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a smoke exhaust device, and more particularly to a smoke exhaust device utilizing a spiral vortex flow.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional smoke exhaust system will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 3, a smoke exhauster 3 formed by an exhaust fan 2 and the like is provided above the atrium 1. Therefore, when a fire occurs in the atrium 1, the exhaust fan 2 is operated, and the air supply E from the lower part and the smoke evacuator 3 provided on the upper part are used to exhaust smoke. The air supply E is forced air supply using power and negative air supply without power.

FIG. 4 shows another conventional example. As in the conventional example shown in FIG. 3, a smoke exhauster 13 formed by an exhaust fan 12 and the like is provided above the atrium 11, and each floor of the atrium 11 is provided. The outlets 14, 14 ... Are provided in the upper part. The outlets of the blowout ports 14, 14 ... Are directed substantially above the connection of the circles inscribed in the horizontal direction of the atrium 11.
Then, the air supply fans 15, 15 ... Arranged at the outlets 14, 14 ...
Air is blown from the blow-out ports 14, 14 ...

Thus, when a fire occurs in the atrium 11, the exhaust fan 12 and the air supply fans 15, 1
By operating 5 ..., the air blown out from the outlets 14, 14 ... Attracts ambient air to generate a swirl flow, and at the same time, a negative pressure generated in the exhaust fan 12 in the smoke exhaust 13 A spiral vortex flow is generated by the reciprocal action of the smoke, and the spiral vortex flow sucks smoke diffused by the fire and concentrates it in the vertical direction of the center part thereof, and the smoke evacuator 13 above the atrium 11 outside the building Let it drain.

[0005]

In the conventional smoke exhaust device, the method of supplying air from the exhaust fan and the lower part of the atrium shown in FIG. 3 causes smoke to rise with heat and diffuse to the surroundings. It becomes impossible to smoke. Smoke further rises and enters the passages, etc., and the smoke fills the ceiling above the middle floor, which not only hinders human evacuation behavior, but also causes human life and other human damage. .

Although a method of generating a spiral vortex flow in the air supply fan shown in FIG. 4 has been proposed, it is necessary to secure an installation cost and an installation space for installing a large number of air supply fans. Further, there is a cost problem such that a large operating cost is required due to the operation of the air supply fan after the operation. Therefore, there will be technical problems that should be solved in order to reduce human cost and human evacuation behavior, and to reduce costs with a simple structure and to efficiently smoke. The invention aims to solve the problems.

[0007]

The present invention has been proposed in order to achieve the above object, and a plurality of air supply outlets are provided on the inner peripheral surface of an atrium provided in a building, The air supply outlets are arranged so that the blowing directions are aligned on a substantially tangent line of a circle inscribed in the horizontal direction of the atrium, and a smoke exhauster is disposed above the atrium so that the exhaust gas of the smoke exhauster is exhausted. The outside air is introduced from the air supply outlet by the negative pressure due to the formation of a spiral vortex in the atrium, and the spiral vortex induces the smoke in the atrium to be discharged to the outside of the building. It is intended to provide a smoke exhaust device using a vortex flow.

[0008]

In the atrium, the air supply air outlet is disposed substantially on the tangent line of the circle inscribed in the horizontal direction of the atrium. Therefore, the smoke exhaust device provided above the atrium operates the inside of the atrium. Negative pressure occurs. At this time, the air outside the building flows into the atrium from the air supply outlet due to the negative pressure. At this time, the air flowing in from the air supply outlet causes ambient air to generate a swirl flow, and at the same time, a spiral swirl flow is generated due to an additive action with the negative pressure generated in the smoke exhauster. Then, the spiral vortex sucks the smoke diffused by the fire and concentrates it in the longitudinal direction of the central portion thereof, and exhausts the smoke to the outside of the building through the smoke exhauster.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a building 2 having an atrium 21.
FIG. In the figure, an exhaust port 23 is provided above the atrium 21, an exhaust duct 24 is projected from the exhaust port 23 to the outside, and an exhaust fan 2 is installed in the exhaust duct 24.
5 is arranged to form a smoke exhauster 26. The smoke exhauster 26 is constructed so that the smoke absorbed by the exhaust port 23 can be discharged to the outdoors by operating the exhaust fan 25. The air supply outlets 27, 27 ... Are provided in the upper layer portion of the inner peripheral surface of the atrium 21, and the air supply outlets 27, 27.
Via the air supply ducts 28, 28 ...
29 ... is connected.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the supply air outlet 2
7, 27 ... Are arranged with their blowing directions aligned on a substantially tangent line of a circle inscribed in the horizontal direction of the atrium 21. Then, as shown in FIG. 1, when a fire occurs in the atrium 21, the exhaust fan 25 of the smoke evacuator 26 is operated. Then, when the exhaust fan 25 operates, air and the like in the vicinity of the exhaust port 23 in the atrium 21 are exhausted by the smoke exhauster 26. Along with this, the outside air is sucked from the outside air intake ports 29, 29 by suction by negative pressure, passes through the air supply ducts 28, 28, and is blown out from the air supply outlets 27, 27. . The air blown out from the air supply outlets 27, 27 ... Attracts ambient air to generate a swirl in the high-rise part of the atrium 21, and at the same time, the exhaust air from the smoke exhauster 26 is exhausted. A spiral vortex flow is generated due to the reciprocal action with the generated negative pressure.

Further, the spiral vortex generated in the high-rise part of the atrium 21 also attracts the air around the low-rise part of the atrium 21 to generate a large spiral vortex flow in the entire atrium 21. The spiral vortex guides smoke diffused in the atrium 21 by a fire and concentrates the smoke vertically in the central portion of the atrium 21, and the smoke vortex 26 above the atrium 21 is more efficient than outside the building. To discharge.

The present invention is not limited to smoke generated by a fire, and any harmful gas, heat, malodor, etc. related to air flow can be induced and discharged. Further, the present invention can be operated as a ventilation device in the atrium 21 not only in an emergency such as a fire, but also in a normal time, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It is possible to do, and it is natural that the present invention extends to the modified one.

[0013]

Since the present invention is constructed as described in detail in the above one embodiment, it has the following effects. In the conventional example, the air supply fan was provided to form the spiral vortex, but in the present invention, since the negative pressure generated by the smoke evacuator in the upper part is used to take in the outside air from the outside of the building, The conventional air supply fan is not required. Therefore, significant cost reduction can be expected.

The spiral vortex generated by the negative pressure generated by the smoke evacuator attracts smoke in the atrium and is concentratedly sucked into the central part, so that it has almost no effect on the living part of human beings in the building and the evacuation space. It is gone, so humans can safely evacuate without being smoked. The smoke exhaust device of the present invention naturally operates as smoke exhaust during a fire, but can also be used as a normal ventilation device. Therefore, it is possible to check the operation of the device also for ventilation, so that it is possible to maintain a state in which the device can be immediately operated in preparation for an emergency, and the reliability of the smoke exhaust device in an emergency is secured.

The supply air outlet of the smoke exhaust device of the present invention can form the spiral vortex even if it is installed in the upper layer portion of the inner peripheral surface of the atrium. When operated as, the human being located at the bottom of the atrium does not feel uncomfortable due to the blowing of air.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory vertical sectional view of a smoke exhaust device in an atrium according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory plan view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating a conventional example of a smoke exhaust device in an atrium.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing another conventional example of a smoke exhaust device in which an air supply fan and an air supply duct are provided in an atrium.

[Explanation of symbols]

 21 atrium 22 building 26 smoke evacuator 27 air supply outlet

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of air supply air outlets are provided on the inner peripheral surface of an atrium provided in a building, and the air supply air outlets have an air outlet direction substantially on a tangent line of a circle inscribed in the horizontal direction of the atrium. In addition to arranging them in line, a smoke exhauster is installed above the atrium, and the outside air is introduced from the air supply outlet by the negative pressure caused by the exhaust of the smoke exhauster, and the spiral vortex flow is generated in the atrium. A smoke exhausting apparatus utilizing a spiral vortex flow, characterized in that smoke is induced in the atrium by the spiral vortex flow and is discharged to the outside of the building.