JPH07189019A - Production of regenerated cellulose formed product - Google Patents
Production of regenerated cellulose formed productInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07189019A JPH07189019A JP34563693A JP34563693A JPH07189019A JP H07189019 A JPH07189019 A JP H07189019A JP 34563693 A JP34563693 A JP 34563693A JP 34563693 A JP34563693 A JP 34563693A JP H07189019 A JPH07189019 A JP H07189019A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- regenerated cellulose
- soluble
- molded article
- cellulose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- LFTLOKWAGJYHHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylmorpholine N-oxide Chemical group CN1(=O)CCOCC1 LFTLOKWAGJYHHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical group OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCl FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 abstract description 42
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 40
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 40
- 229920000875 Dissolving pulp Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- WAZPLXZGZWWXDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-4-oxidomorpholin-4-ium;hydrate Chemical compound O.C[N+]1([O-])CCOCC1 WAZPLXZGZWWXDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl gallate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 sodium sulfate Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010388 propyl gallate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VTGXVUQXDHXADV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1-oxidopiperidin-1-ium Chemical class C[N+]1([O-])CCCCC1 VTGXVUQXDHXADV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIZTVEDOQDZLOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1-oxidopyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical class C[N+]1([O-])CCCC1 YIZTVEDOQDZLOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-SZSCBOSDSA-N 2-[(1s)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-2h-furan-5-one Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)C1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-SZSCBOSDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSPZBSQDLWRRBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-n,n-dimethylethanamine oxide Chemical compound C[N+](C)([O-])CCO DSPZBSQDLWRRBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVNPXOUPZCTJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylmorpholin-4-ium;hydroxide Chemical compound O.CN1CCOCC1 IVNPXOUPZCTJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002211 L-ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000069 L-ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001204 N-oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- QKSIFUGZHOUETI-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;azane Chemical compound N.N.N.N.[Cu+2] QKSIFUGZHOUETI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011978 dissolution method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- LFMTUFVYMCDPGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethylethanamine oxide Chemical compound CC[N+]([O-])(CC)CC LFMTUFVYMCDPGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- TXGSOSAONMOPDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TXGSOSAONMOPDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は再生セルロース成形品の
製造方法に関し、更に詳しくはセルロースの第3級アミ
ンオキサイド−水系溶媒を用いた成形原液を用いて水系
凝固法により再生セルロース成形品を得るに際し、新規
な水系凝固液を用い、更に熱処理を施す、力学的特性の
優れた再生セルロース成形品の工業的に有利な製造方法
に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a regenerated cellulose molded product, and more specifically, a regenerated cellulose molded product is obtained by an aqueous coagulation method using a stock solution containing cellulose tertiary amine oxide-aqueous solvent. In this case, the present invention relates to a method for industrially advantageous production of a regenerated cellulose molded article having excellent mechanical properties, which comprises using a novel aqueous coagulating liquid and further heat treatment.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来再生セルロース成形品を製造する方
法としてセルロースまたはその誘導体を溶媒に溶解し、
得られた溶液から繊維またはフィルムなどの成形品を得
る方法が知られている。このような方法として、ビスコ
ース法や銅アンモニア法があるが、これらの方法は複雑
な化学反応を伴い、工程が長いだけでなく、諸々の環境
汚染の点でも大きな問題となっている。2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional method for producing a regenerated cellulose molded article, cellulose or its derivative is dissolved in a solvent,
A method for obtaining a molded article such as a fiber or a film from the obtained solution is known. As such a method, there are a viscose method and a copper-ammonia method, but these methods involve complicated chemical reactions and require not only a long process but also various environmental pollutions.
【0003】近年、セルロースの溶媒に関する研究が進
み、セルロースに対して強力な溶解力を有する溶媒がい
くつか見いだされてきた。その結果、合成樹脂の場合の
ように、セルロースを単に溶媒に溶解させるだけで成形
原液を得ることが可能となった。これらの溶媒の中で第
3級アミンオキサイド類、とりわけN−メチルモルホリ
ン−N−オキサイドがセルロースの特異的かつ優れた溶
媒であり、これを使用した再生セルロース繊維やフイル
ムを製造する方法がいくつか提案されている。なかでも
例えば特公昭60−28848号に開示されている方
法、すなわち、N−メチルモルホリン−N−オキサイド
および水からなる混合溶媒に溶解されたセルロースを、
水を凝固剤としたいわゆるドライジエットウエットスピ
ニング法により再生セルロース成形品とする方法が実用
上最も注目を集めている。該方法は、溶媒系がきわめ
て単純で実質的にはN−メチルモルホリン−N−オキサ
イドだけであり回収工程も単純化できること、セルロ
ース濃度10〜40重量%という高濃度の成形原液を用
いることができ、かつ従来公知のドライジエットウエッ
トスピニング法が容易に適用できること、凝固液に水
が使用され成形、回収工程で好都合であるばかりでなく
プロセス上において実質的に副反応は皆無であり、無公
害に近い製造プロセスであることなどの特徴を有し、一
部では工業的規模での生産も始まっている。In recent years, research on a solvent for cellulose has progressed, and some solvents having a strong dissolving power for cellulose have been found. As a result, as in the case of synthetic resin, it became possible to obtain a stock solution by simply dissolving cellulose in a solvent. Among these solvents, tertiary amine oxides, especially N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide, are specific and excellent solvents for cellulose, and there are some methods for producing regenerated cellulose fibers and films using the same. Proposed. Among them, for example, the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-28848, that is, the cellulose dissolved in a mixed solvent consisting of N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide and water,
The method of producing a regenerated cellulose molded product by the so-called dry jet wet spinning method using water as a coagulant has been most noticeable in practical use. In this method, the solvent system is extremely simple and substantially only N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide can be used, and the recovery process can be simplified. A high-concentration molding stock solution having a cellulose concentration of 10 to 40% by weight can be used. In addition, the conventionally known dry jet wet spinning method can be easily applied, water is used as the coagulating liquid, which is convenient in the molding and recovery steps, and there is virtually no side reaction in the process, and there is no pollution. It has features such as a close manufacturing process, and some have started production on an industrial scale.
【0004】しかしながら該方法により、単純なドライ
ジエットウエットスピニング法を用いて、延伸を繊維ま
たはフィルム形成過程の未凝固の状態で行った場合に
は、実用に耐え得る力学的特性を有する成形品を得るこ
とは困難である。したがって、成形品の力学的特性を向
上させるため、凝固と延伸を同時に行うように紡糸装置
を工夫しているのが一般的である。係る目的のために、
例えば特公昭60−28848号には、紡糸口金と水
面の間に水供給ローラーを設け延伸される紡糸原液の表
面に僅かの水分を供給し、紡糸原液を凝固させながら延
伸を行う改良型ドライジエットウエットスピニング装
置、霧室を設けて霧滴の形で水を導管より供給し紡糸
原液を凝固させながら延伸を行う改良型ドライジエット
ウエットスピニング装置等が開示されている。該装置に
よれば、繊維の製造プロセスはきわめて単純であるばか
りでなく紡糸速度数100m/分という高速紡糸するこ
とで従来公知の強力レーヨンに匹敵する力学的特性を有
する再生セルロース繊維を得ることができる。しかしな
がら、再生セルロース成形品の力学的特性は、延伸比の
向上、すなわち紡糸、製膜速度の増加に伴って向上する
ことから、高い力学的特性を有する成形品を得るために
は更に紡糸、製膜速度を上げることが必要となり、高速
下で延伸と同時に凝固させることになるので設備上ある
いは運転上一定の限度があるという欠点を有していた。However, according to this method, when a simple dry jet wet spinning method is used to perform stretching in an uncoagulated state during the fiber or film forming process, a molded article having mechanical properties that can withstand practical use is obtained. Hard to get. Therefore, in order to improve the mechanical properties of the molded product, it is general to devise the spinning device so as to perform solidification and drawing at the same time. For that purpose,
For example, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 60-28848 discloses an improved dry jet in which a water supply roller is provided between the spinneret and the water surface to supply a small amount of water to the surface of the spinning dope to be stretched, and the spinning dope is coagulated for stretching. A wet spinning device, an improved dry jet wet spinning device in which a mist chamber is provided and water is supplied from a conduit in the form of mist droplets to perform stretching while coagulating a spinning dope is disclosed. According to this apparatus, not only the fiber production process is extremely simple, but also high-speed spinning at a spinning speed of 100 m / min yields regenerated cellulose fibers having mechanical properties comparable to those of conventionally known strong rayon. it can. However, the mechanical properties of the regenerated cellulose molded product improve with an increase in the draw ratio, that is, as the spinning and film-forming speed increases. Therefore, in order to obtain a molded product having high mechanical properties, further spinning and Since it is necessary to increase the film speed and the film is solidified simultaneously with stretching at a high speed, there is a drawback that there is a certain limit in terms of equipment or operation.
【0005】かかる欠点を改善すべく、従来公知の通常
のドライジエットウエットスピニング法を用い、特に紡
糸速度を上げることなく再生セルロース繊維の力学的特
性を改善する方法として、特定の添加物を紡糸原液に添
加する方法が H.Chanzy らによって提案されている (Po
lymer 1990 31 400)。該方法によれば、N−メチルモル
ホリン−N−オキサイド−水系混合溶媒より得られたセ
ルロース溶液に、没食子酸n−プロピル及び塩化アンモ
ニウムまたは塩化カルシウムを添加した紡糸原液を用い
ることで従来公知のドライジエットウエットスピニング
法により、紡糸速度20〜200m/分という比較的低
速紡糸速度で容易に強度の優れた再生セルロース繊維を
得ることができる。没食子酸n−プロピルはセルロース
の酸化防止剤として公知であり(例えば特公平3−29
819号)、従って該方法の特徴は、塩化アンモニウム
または塩化カルシウムを添加した紡糸原液を用いること
で力学的特性の優れた再生セルロース繊維を得る点にあ
る。特に塩化アンモニウムの添加によって力学的特性特
に強度が無添加に比し1.4〜1.8倍まで向上するこ
とが示されている。しかしながら、該方法によって得ら
れる繊維は強度はあるものの伸度はない。すなわち硬い
が脆い繊維という致命的な問題点があり、実用範囲が極
めて限定されたものであり、また添加される塩化アンモ
ニウムまたは塩化カルシウムはセルロースの凝固促進剤
としても作用し、紡糸原液の経時安定性の観点からも、
好ましいものとはいえない。In order to improve such a defect, a conventionally known ordinary dry jet wet spinning method is used, and as a method for improving the mechanical properties of regenerated cellulose fiber without particularly increasing the spinning speed, a specific additive is added to the spinning dope. H. Chanzy et al.
lymer 1990 31 400). According to the method, a cellulose solution obtained from an N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide-water mixed solvent is mixed with n-propyl gallate and ammonium chloride or calcium chloride to prepare a spinning stock solution, which is conventionally known as a dry solution. By the jet wet spinning method, regenerated cellulose fibers having excellent strength can be easily obtained at a relatively low spinning speed of 20 to 200 m / min. N-propyl gallate is known as an antioxidant for cellulose (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-29).
No. 819), and therefore, a feature of the method is that regenerated cellulose fibers having excellent mechanical properties are obtained by using a spinning dope containing ammonium chloride or calcium chloride. In particular, it has been shown that the addition of ammonium chloride improves the mechanical properties, especially the strength, by 1.4 to 1.8 times as compared with that without addition. However, the fiber obtained by this method has strength but no elongation. That is, there is a fatal problem that the fiber is hard but brittle, and its practical range is extremely limited.Additional ammonium chloride or calcium chloride also acts as a coagulation accelerator for cellulose, and the spinning stock solution is stable over time. From the viewpoint of sex,
It is not preferable.
【0006】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、セルロース
の第3級アミンオキサイド−水系溶媒を用いた成形原液
を用いて水系凝固法により再生セルロース成形品を得る
に際し、特別な紡糸あるいは製膜装置を必要とすること
なく、比較的低速紡糸速度でも力学的特性の優れた再生
セルロース成形品の製造方法を提供することを課題とす
る。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a special spinning or film-forming apparatus for obtaining a regenerated cellulose molded article by an aqueous coagulation method using a stock solution for forming a tertiary amine oxide of cellulose and an aqueous solvent. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a regenerated cellulose molded article having excellent mechanical properties even at a relatively low spinning speed without requiring the above.
【0007】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らはかかる課題
を解決すべく鋭意研究の結果、第3級アミンオキサイド
−水系混合溶媒に溶解してなるセルロース溶液を成形原
液とし、水を凝固浴としたいわゆる従来公知のドライジ
エットウエットスピニング法またはウエットスピニング
法において、凝固浴の凝固作用を変化させ得る物質、水
溶性中性有機化合物、水溶性無機中性塩、水溶性苛性ア
ルカリ、水溶性酸、を添加した凝固液を用いて凝固さ
せ、ついで適度な条件下で乾燥・熱処理することによ
り、過度の延伸を必須とすることなく、強度のみならず
伸度をも飛躍的に向上させた再生セルロース成形品を得
ることができるという驚くべき事実を見いだし、また、
添加する化合物の種類並びに乾燥・熱処理条件を適当に
選択することで用途、目的に応じた力学的特性を備えた
実用範囲の広い再生セルロース成形品を実用上極めて有
利な方法で容易に製造できることを見いだし本発明を完
成するに至った。すなわち本発明は、特別な紡糸あるい
は製膜装置を必要とすることなく、従来公知の装置を用
いて、力学的特性の優れたセルロース成形品の、工業的
に有利で簡便な製造方法を提供するものである。Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies to solve the problems, the present inventors have found that a cellulose solution prepared by dissolving a tertiary amine oxide-water mixed solvent is used as a forming stock solution and water is used as a coagulating bath. In the so-called conventionally known dry jet wet spinning method or wet spinning method, a substance capable of changing the coagulation action of the coagulation bath, a water-soluble neutral organic compound, a water-soluble inorganic neutral salt, a water-soluble caustic alkali, a water-soluble acid Coagulation using the coagulation liquid with and added, and then drying and heat treatment under appropriate conditions to remarkably improve not only the strength but also the elongation without the need for excessive stretching. We have found the surprising fact that we can obtain cellulosic molded articles,
By appropriately selecting the type of compound to be added and the drying and heat treatment conditions, it is possible to easily produce a regenerated cellulose molded product having a wide practical range with mechanical properties according to the application and purpose by an extremely advantageous method in practice. The present invention has been completed and the present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention provides an industrially advantageous and simple method for producing a cellulose molded article having excellent mechanical properties by using a conventionally known apparatus without requiring a special spinning or film forming apparatus. It is a thing.
【0008】本発明の第1の骨子は凝固液として凝固浴
の凝固作用を変化させ得る物質(以下、添加剤ともい
う。)を添加した水溶液を用いる点にある。添加剤を添
加した水溶液を凝固液として紡糸すると、凝固浴中の液
体糸(紡糸ノズルから吐出された糸状の紡糸原液)に対
する凝固液の水の浸透圧が変わる。すなわち液体糸中へ
の水の拡散による凝固が抑制され、液体糸から凝固浴へ
の溶媒の拡散によって糸条形成が進むいわゆる濃縮凝固
による糸条形成が促進されるものと考えられる。ここ
で、強アルカリや強酸はセルロースに対する水和効果も
考えられるが他の中性物質の示す効果を考えると水の浸
透圧変化の効果が主たるものと推察される。添加剤の有
無及び添加剤の種類に関係なく糸条の断面形状には差が
なく、添加剤を使用することにより分子間あるいは高次
構造(凝固過程で形成される沈澱粒子構造)間の接合
性、均質性が向上し、繊維組織の緻密度が向上すること
を見いだしたのである。The first essence of the present invention resides in that an aqueous solution containing a substance capable of changing the coagulation action of the coagulation bath (hereinafter also referred to as an additive) is used as the coagulation liquid. When an aqueous solution to which an additive is added is spun as a coagulating liquid, the osmotic pressure of water of the coagulating liquid with respect to the liquid yarn in the coagulating bath (filamentary spinning dope discharged from the spinning nozzle) changes. That is, it is considered that the coagulation due to the diffusion of water into the liquid thread is suppressed, and the thread formation by so-called concentrated coagulation in which the thread formation proceeds by the diffusion of the solvent from the liquid thread into the coagulation bath is promoted. Here, strong alkalis and strong acids may have a hydrating effect on cellulose, but it is presumed that the effect of changing the osmotic pressure of water is the main effect when considering the effects exhibited by other neutral substances. There is no difference in the cross-sectional shape of the yarn regardless of the presence or absence of additives and the type of additives, and by using additives, bonding between molecules or higher-order structures (precipitated particle structure formed during the solidification process) It has been found that the properties and homogeneity are improved and the denseness of the fiber structure is improved.
【0009】使用できる添加剤としては、水溶性中性有
機化合物、水溶性無機中性塩、水溶性苛性アルカリある
いは水溶性酸が挙げられ、好ましくは水溶性有機化合物
としては尿素、ピロリドン、ε−カプロラクタムを、水
溶性無機中性塩としては硝酸アンモニウム、塩化アンモ
ニウム、硫酸ナトリウム、塩化ナトリウム、ロダン酸カ
リウム、ロダン酸ナトリウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩化
亜鉛、塩化カルシウム、塩化錫を、水溶性苛性アルカリ
としては水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化カ
ルシウム、水酸化亜鉛を、水溶性酸としては硫酸、硝
酸、リン酸、ギ酸、モノクロル酢酸を挙げることができ
る。凝固液へ添加する各種添加剤の濃度は、成形原液組
成、延伸条件、乾燥・熱処理条件あるいは成形品の用途
によっても異なり、いちがいに規定はできないが、一般
に0・1〜10重量パーセント程度で充分にその効果を
発現する。なお、熱処理条件等によっても異なるが、一
般に強度を要求される場合には硫酸ナトリウム等の水溶
性無機中性塩、伸度を要求される場合には水酸化ナトリ
ウム等の水溶性苛性アルカリや硫酸等の水溶性酸、また
その中間を要求される場合には尿素等の水溶性中性有機
化合物を用いることが好ましい。Examples of the additives that can be used include water-soluble neutral organic compounds, water-soluble inorganic neutral salts, water-soluble caustic alkalis and water-soluble acids. Preferred water-soluble organic compounds are urea, pyrrolidone and ε-. Caprolactam is ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium rhodanate, sodium rhodate, magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, calcium chloride, tin chloride as the water-soluble inorganic neutral salt, and water as the water-soluble caustic alkali. Examples of the water-soluble acid include sodium oxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and zinc hydroxide, and sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid and monochloroacetic acid. The concentration of various additives added to the coagulation liquid varies depending on the composition of the molding solution, the stretching conditions, the drying / heat treatment conditions or the intended use of the molded product, and cannot be specified in any way, but generally 0.1 to 10% by weight is sufficient. Manifest its effect. Although it depends on heat treatment conditions, etc., in general, when strength is required, a water-soluble inorganic neutral salt such as sodium sulfate, and when elongation is required, a water-soluble caustic alkali such as sodium hydroxide or sulfuric acid is used. It is preferable to use a water-soluble acid such as, or a water-soluble neutral organic compound such as urea when an intermediate thereof is required.
【0010】次に、本発明の第2の骨子は、凝固後の湿
潤成形品を適当な条件下で乾燥・熱処理する点にある。
即ち、湿潤成形品を適当な条件下で乾燥・熱処理するこ
とにより、繊維組織の緻密度が飛躍的に向上すること、
すなわち繊維組織の緻密化に対して乾燥・熱処理温度が
きわめて重要な役割を果たし、適切な乾燥・熱処理条件
の選択が再生セルロース成形品の繊維組織の緻密化、均
質化に対してきわめて有効なことを見いだしたのであ
る。乾燥・熱処理温度は用いた凝固浴組成、成型品の使
用目的などによっても異なるが、セルロースのガラス転
移温度(−30℃〜160℃と言われている)より15
℃〜20℃高温から熱分解温度以下の範囲であればその
目的にかなうが、通常100℃以上200℃以下、より
好ましくはセルロースの熱劣化の恐れが少ない100℃
以上150℃以下程度が妥当である。但し、乾燥・熱処
理に際しては充分に水洗し溶媒及び凝固液を除去するこ
とが必要であるが、乾燥・熱処理装置、及び方法を特に
限定するものではなく、例えば弛緩状態での乾熱処理等
で充分にその効果を発現させることができる。Next, the second gist of the present invention is that the wet molded product after solidification is dried and heat-treated under appropriate conditions.
That is, by drying and heat treating the wet molded article under appropriate conditions, the denseness of the fiber structure is dramatically improved,
That is, the drying / heat treatment temperature plays an extremely important role in the densification of the fiber structure, and the selection of appropriate drying / heat treatment conditions is extremely effective for the densification and homogenization of the fiber structure of the regenerated cellulose molding. I found it. The drying / heat treatment temperature depends on the composition of the coagulation bath used, the purpose of use of the molded product, etc., but is 15 from the glass transition temperature of cellulose (it is said to be -30 ° C to 160 ° C).
If the temperature is in the range of from -20 ° C to a thermal decomposition temperature or less, the purpose will be satisfied, but usually 100 ° C or more and 200 ° C or less, more preferably 100 ° C in which the risk of thermal deterioration of cellulose is low.
Above about 150 ° C is appropriate. However, it is necessary to thoroughly wash with water to remove the solvent and coagulation liquid during the drying / heat treatment, but the drying / heat treatment apparatus and method are not particularly limited, and for example, dry heat treatment in a relaxed state is sufficient. The effect can be expressed in.
【0011】本発明を実施するに際し、セルロースは第
3級アミンオキサイドおよび水からなる混合溶媒に溶解
されるが、用いられるセルロースは特に限定されず、通
常工業用に使用されるパルプで充分である。またセルロ
ースの溶解方法も特に限定されず、従来公知の方法にし
たがってセルロースを第3級アミンオキサイド及び水か
らなる混合溶媒に溶解すればよい。これらの詳細な方法
については、例えば特公昭60−28848号に記載さ
れている種々の方法、装置などが挙げられるが、溶解法
または装置にいつて何ら限定されるものではない。本発
明において用いられる第3級アミンオキサイドとして
は、セルロースを溶解し水と混合するものでかつ水に対
し安定であればいずれの第3級アミンオキサイドも用い
ることができる。例えば、ジメチルエタノールアミンオ
キサイド、トリエチルアミンオキサイド、一定の単環式
N−メチルアミン−N−オキサイド類例えばN−メチル
モルホリン−N−オキサイド、N−メチルピペリジン−
N−オキサイド、N−メチルピロリジン−N−オキサイ
ド並びにアミンオキサイド基が環の外に存在する他の環
式アミンオキサイド類例えばジメチルヘキシルアミン−
N−オキサイドなどが挙げられるが、実用上の見地から
すればN−メチルモルホリン−N−オキサイドが好まし
い。またセルロース溶液組成はセルロースの種類、溶媒
の種類、成形装置、成形条件等によっても異なり特に限
定されないが、一般にセルロース約5重量%〜40重量
%、第3級アミンオキサイド約90重量%〜40重量
%、水5〜約20重量%から成っているものが好まし
い。In carrying out the present invention, cellulose is dissolved in a mixed solvent consisting of tertiary amine oxide and water, but the cellulose used is not particularly limited, and pulp which is usually used for industrial purposes is sufficient. . The method for dissolving the cellulose is not particularly limited, and the cellulose may be dissolved in a mixed solvent of tertiary amine oxide and water according to a conventionally known method. Examples of these detailed methods include various methods and apparatuses described in JP-B-60-28848, but the present invention is not limited to the dissolution method or the apparatus. As the tertiary amine oxide used in the present invention, any tertiary amine oxide that dissolves cellulose and mixes with water and is stable to water can be used. For example, dimethylethanolamine oxide, triethylamine oxide, certain monocyclic N-methylamine-N-oxides such as N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide, N-methylpiperidine-
N-oxides, N-methylpyrrolidine-N-oxides as well as other cyclic amine oxides in which the amine oxide group is present outside the ring, such as dimethylhexylamine-
Although N-oxide and the like can be mentioned, N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide is preferable from a practical point of view. The composition of the cellulose solution varies depending on the type of cellulose, the type of solvent, the molding apparatus, the molding conditions and the like and is not particularly limited, but generally about 5% to 40% by weight of cellulose and about 90% to 40% by weight of a tertiary amine oxide. %, Water 5 to about 20% by weight is preferred.
【0012】本発明においては、溶解時または溶解後の
セルロース劣化例えばセルロース鎖の著しい崩壊あるい
は着色を防止する目的で種々の添加物を添加することも
任意である。これらの目的で添加される添加物としては
例えば特公平3−29819号に開示されている化合
物、例えばL(+)アスコルビン酸、ハイドロキノン、
没食子酸イソプロピル等のものが挙げられる。In the present invention, it is optional to add various additives for the purpose of preventing deterioration of cellulose at the time of dissolution or after dissolution, for example, significant disintegration or coloring of cellulose chains. Examples of additives added for these purposes include compounds disclosed in JP-B-3-29819, such as L (+) ascorbic acid and hydroquinone.
Examples include isopropyl gallate and the like.
【0013】得られたセルロース溶液は一般に70℃以
上150℃以下好ましくは90℃以上130℃以下に保
たれ紡糸または押出し成形によりまず空気中または前述
の添加剤を含む水溶液中で繊維またはフイルムに成形さ
れ次いでこの成形品の力学的特性を改良するため、セル
ロースを凝固させつつまたは凝固後に延伸される。成形
用ノズルまたはダイから押し出されたセルロース溶液は
一般にその押出し速度より速い速度で引張られて延伸さ
れるが、延伸の程度は紡糸(または製膜)延伸比、即ち
凝固成形品の線速度を成形用ノズルまたはダイからの送
り出し線速度で割った値によって決定される。特公昭6
0−28848号記載の方法では凝固前の延伸によって
セルロース分子が溶液中で配向されることを基本にして
おり、得られるセルロースの性質はセルロースの完全凝
固前に改善されることになる。従って再生セルロースの
力学的特性の改善には完全凝固前での高延伸が必須で、
通常延伸比3以上、特に延伸比20〜30に近い高延伸
が必要とされる。本発明の場合、再生セルロースの力学
的特性の発現メカニズムが、係る公知技術とは異なり、
延伸のみならず凝固液の組成の選択並びに乾燥・熱処理
による力学的特性改善に大きく基づくものであり、上述
の条件、即ちセルロースの完全凝固前での高延伸を必須
としない。従って、本発明方法が装置上も運転管理上も
大幅に改善された再生セルロース成形品の製造法を提供
するものであることは容易に理解できるものである。も
ちろん、その目的によっては上述のごとき従来技術によ
って得られた成形品を本発明の凝固浴により完全凝固さ
せ、更に乾燥・熱処理に供してもなんら本発明の主旨に
反するものではない。即ち、凝固させつつ延伸しても良
いし、あるいは凝固後に延伸してもなんら本発明の主旨
に反するものではなく、その目的に応じた凝固、延伸プ
ロセスを採用することで本発明効果の補填を行うことは
任意である。The obtained cellulose solution is generally kept at 70 ° C. or higher and 150 ° C. or lower, preferably 90 ° C. or higher and 130 ° C. or lower, and is first formed into a fiber or film in the air or an aqueous solution containing the above-mentioned additives by spinning or extrusion. It is then stretched with or after coagulation of the cellulose in order to improve the mechanical properties of the molding. Cellulose solution extruded from a molding nozzle or die is generally stretched by being stretched by being stretched at a speed higher than its extrusion speed, but the degree of stretching depends on the spinning (or film-forming) stretch ratio, that is, the linear velocity of the solidified molded product. Determined by the value divided by the linear velocity delivered from the nozzle or die. Tokusho Sho 6
The method described in 0-28848 is based on the fact that the cellulose molecules are oriented in a solution by stretching before coagulation, and the properties of the obtained cellulose will be improved before complete coagulation of the cellulose. Therefore, in order to improve the mechanical properties of regenerated cellulose, high stretching before complete coagulation is essential,
Usually, a high draw ratio of 3 or more, particularly a draw ratio of 20 to 30 is required. In the case of the present invention, the expression mechanism of the mechanical properties of regenerated cellulose is different from the known technique,
It is largely based not only on the stretching but also on the selection of the composition of the coagulating liquid and the improvement of the mechanical properties by drying and heat treatment, and the above-mentioned condition, that is, high stretching before complete coagulation of cellulose is not essential. Therefore, it can be easily understood that the method of the present invention provides a method for producing a regenerated cellulose molded article, which is greatly improved in terms of equipment and operation control. Of course, depending on the purpose, even if the molded article obtained by the conventional technique as described above is completely solidified in the coagulating bath of the present invention, and further subjected to drying and heat treatment, it does not go against the gist of the present invention. That is, it may be stretched while being solidified, or stretched after solidification is not contrary to the gist of the present invention, and the effect of the present invention is compensated by adopting a solidification and stretching process according to the purpose. Doing is optional.
【0014】[0014]
【実施例】以下、本発明を実施例によってより具体的に
説明するが、本発明がその主旨を超えない限り以下の実
施例に限定されないことは指摘するまでもない。なお、
以下の実施例中、パーセント及び部は重量パーセント及
び重量部を意味する。 実施例1 [実施例:試料1−1〜試料4−4;比較例1〜4]水
分13.3パーセントを含有するN−メチルモルホリン
−N−オキサイド(日本乳化剤株式会社製)840部及
び水分約6.0パーセントを含有する木材パルプ(KS
パウダー:(株)興人製)100部をジャケット付ウェ
ルナー型粉砕機に仕込み、90℃にて2時間攪拌してセ
ルロース分約10パーセントの溶液を調製した。この溶
液を用いてドライジエットウエットスピニング法により
紡糸して再生セルロース繊維を得た。エヤーギャップは
10mm、紡糸温度は100℃、ノズルは0.10mmφ
×20ホール、凝固浴温度は20℃で行った。なお、凝
固浴は実施例として試料1−1、2、3及び4は10パ
ーセント尿素水溶液を、試料2−1、2、3及び4は1
0パーセント硝酸アンモニウム水溶液を、試料3−1、
2、3及び4は9パーセント硫酸ナトリウム水溶液を、
試料4−1、2、3及び4は5パーセント水酸化ナトリ
ウム水溶液をそれぞれ凝固浴に用いて紡糸した。また比
較例1、2、3及び4は水を凝固浴に用いて紡糸した。
紡糸時の紡糸ドラフト(紡糸ノズルを通過する紡糸原液
の平均流速(v0) と凝固糸条の巻取速度(v1) の比)は
1.01であった。ここで紡糸ドラフトが低い領域で紡
糸することが注目される。得られた糸条(凝固糸)は水
洗し溶媒を除いた後、乾燥・熱処理した。乾燥・熱処理
温度は室温(19℃〜21℃)、100℃、150℃お
よび200℃とした。なお、乾燥・熱処理は弛緩状態で
行い収縮は自由とした。このようにして得られた再生セ
ルロース繊維の特性を表1にまとめて示す。表1の試料
1−1、2、3及び4と比較例1より凝固浴に添加され
る添加剤の効果が明らかである。また試料2−1、2、
3及び4と比較例2、試料3−1、2、3及び4と比較
例3、試料4−1、2、3及び4と比較例4から明らか
なように適当な乾燥・熱処理温度は繊維の力学的特性を
大きく改良することがわかる。従来の水凝固系浴より得
られる再生セルロース繊維は強度を上げると伸度が低下
し、伸度を上げると強度が低下した。つまりいずれの場
合にもタフネスの低いものでしかなかったが、本発明方
法により得られる再生セルロース繊維は一般にタフネス
が大であり、強度、伸度のバランスが取れた実用上極め
て有利な特性をもつものと言える。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples below, but it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the following examples as long as the gist thereof is not exceeded. In addition,
In the following examples, percentages and parts mean percentages by weight and parts by weight. Example 1 [Example: Sample 1-1 to Sample 4-4; Comparative Examples 1 to 4] 840 parts of N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (manufactured by Nippon Emulsifier Co., Ltd.) containing 13.3% of water and water. Wood pulp containing approximately 6.0 percent (KS
100 parts of powder: manufactured by Kojin Co., Ltd. was charged into a Werner crusher with a jacket and stirred at 90 ° C. for 2 hours to prepare a solution having a cellulose content of about 10%. This solution was spun by the dry jet wet spinning method to obtain a regenerated cellulose fiber. Air gap is 10mm, spinning temperature is 100 ℃, nozzle is 0.10mmφ
× 20 holes, the coagulation bath temperature was 20 ° C. As the coagulation bath, as an example, Samples 1-1, 2, 3 and 4 were 10% urea aqueous solutions, and Samples 2-1, 2, 3 and 4 were 1%.
A 0% ammonium nitrate aqueous solution was added to sample 3-1,
2, 3 and 4 are 9% sodium sulfate aqueous solution,
Samples 4-1, 2, 3 and 4 were spun using 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution in the coagulation bath. In Comparative Examples 1, 2, 3 and 4, water was used in the coagulation bath for spinning.
The spinning draft at the time of spinning (the ratio of the average flow velocity (v 0 ) of the spinning stock solution passing through the spinning nozzle to the winding speed (v 1 ) of the coagulated yarn) was 1.01. Here, it is noted that spinning is performed in a region where the spinning draft is low. The obtained yarn (coagulated yarn) was washed with water to remove the solvent, and then dried and heat-treated. The drying and heat treatment temperatures were room temperature (19 ° C to 21 ° C), 100 ° C, 150 ° C and 200 ° C. The drying and heat treatment were performed in a relaxed state and the shrinkage was free. The properties of the regenerated cellulose fibers thus obtained are summarized in Table 1. The effects of the additives added to the coagulation bath are clear from Samples 1-1, 2, 3 and 4 of Table 1 and Comparative Example 1. Samples 2-1, 2,
3 and 4 and Comparative Example 2, Samples 3-1, 2, 3 and 4 and Comparative Example 3, Samples 4-1, 2, 3 and 4 and Comparative Example 4, suitable drying and heat treatment temperatures are fibers. It can be seen that the mechanical properties of are greatly improved. The regenerated cellulose fibers obtained from the conventional water coagulation bath had a lower elongation when the strength was increased, and a lower strength when the elongation was increased. In other words, in all cases, the toughness was only low, but the regenerated cellulose fiber obtained by the method of the present invention generally has high toughness, and has extremely advantageous properties in practical use with balanced strength and elongation. Can be said to be a thing.
【0015】実施例2 水分13.3パーセントを含有するN−メチルモルホリ
ン−N−オキサイド(日本乳化剤株式会社製)850部
及び水分約6.0パーセントを含有する木材パルプ(K
Sパウダー:(株)興人製)160部をジャケット付ウ
ェルナー型粉砕機に仕込み、90℃にて2時間攪拌して
セルロース分約15パーセントの溶液を調製した。この
溶液を用いてドライジエットウエットスピニング法によ
り紡糸して再生セルロース繊維を得た。エヤーギャップ
は35mm、紡糸温度は120℃、ノズルは0.085m
mφ×17ホール、凝固浴温度は20℃で行った。凝固
浴を硫酸ナトリウム7%水溶液、塩化マグネシウム5%
水溶液及び硫酸3%水溶液とし、比較対象として水浴を
用いた。得られた試料は十分に水洗し溶媒を除去したの
ち120℃、10分乾燥熱処理を行った。乾燥熱処理品
の繊維特性結果を次に示す。 凝固浴 繊度(d) 強度(g/d) 伸度(%) ヤング率(g/d) 硫酸ナトリウム9%水溶液 3.4 3.5 25 120 硫酸ナトリウム9%水溶液 1.7 3.5 25 130 塩化マク゛ネシウム5%水溶液 3.4 2.7 23.4 100 塩化マク゛ネシウム5%水溶液 1.7 2.5 24.0 105 硫酸5%水溶液 3.4 2.7 23.4 103 硫酸5%水溶液 1.7 2.5 21.0 100 水 3.4 1.1 10.4 95 水 1.7 1.0 9.0 85 以上の結果から比較例である水を凝固浴とする場合に較
べ本発明の方法で紡糸すると繊維の力学的特性がすぐれ
ていることが注目される。とくに細繊度の繊維について
効果的である。Example 2 Wood pulp (K) containing 850 parts of N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (manufactured by Nippon Emulsifier Co., Ltd.) containing 13.3% of water and about 6.0% of water.
160 parts of S powder: manufactured by Kojin Co., Ltd.) were placed in a Werner crusher with a jacket and stirred at 90 ° C. for 2 hours to prepare a solution having a cellulose content of about 15%. This solution was spun by the dry jet wet spinning method to obtain a regenerated cellulose fiber. Air gap is 35 mm, spinning temperature is 120 ° C, nozzle is 0.085 m
mφ × 17 holes, coagulation bath temperature was 20 ° C. 7% aqueous solution of sodium sulfate, magnesium chloride 5%
An aqueous solution and a 3% aqueous solution of sulfuric acid were prepared, and a water bath was used for comparison. The obtained sample was thoroughly washed with water to remove the solvent, and then dried and heat-treated at 120 ° C. for 10 minutes. The fiber property results of the dry heat treated product are shown below. Coagulation bath Fineness (d) Strength (g / d) Elongation (%) Young's modulus (g / d) Sodium sulfate 9% aqueous solution 3.4 3.5 25 120 Sodium sulfate 9% aqueous solution 1.7 3.5 3.5 25 130 5% aqueous solution of magnesium chloride 3.4 2.7 23.4 100 5% aqueous solution of magnesium chloride 1.7 2.5 24.0 105 5% aqueous solution of sulfuric acid 3.4 2.7 23.4 103 5% aqueous solution of sulfuric acid 1. 7 2.5 21.0 100 Water 3.4 1.1 10.4 95 Water 1.7 1.0 9.0 85 From the above results, compared with the case of using water as a comparative example as a coagulating bath, It is noted that the fiber has excellent mechanical properties when spun by the method. It is especially effective for fine fibers.
【0016】実施例3 実施例2と同様の方法でセルロース分約15パーセント
の紡糸用溶液を調製した。この溶液を用いてドライジエ
ットウエットスピニング法により紡糸して再生セルロー
ス繊維を得た。エヤーギャップは5mm、紡糸温度は10
0℃、ノズルは0.35mmφ×17ホール、凝固浴温
度は20℃で行った。紡糸ドラフトを0.3から5.0
範囲で変更した。凝固浴を硫酸ナトリウム7%水溶液、
ロダン酸ナトリウム10%水溶液及びε−カプロラクタ
ム7%水溶液とし、比較対象として水浴を用いた。得ら
れた繊維は十分に水洗し溶媒を除去したのち150℃、
5分乾燥熱処理を行った。乾燥熱処理品の繊維特性結果
を次に示す。 凝固浴:硫酸ナトリウム7%水溶液 紡糸ドラフト 繊度(d) 強度(g/d) 伸度(%) ヤング率(g/d) 0.3 3.1 4.0 14.0 130 1.0 3.1 4.1 13.0 145 2.5 3.1 4.3 10.0 150 4.0 3.1 4.5 9.5 155 5.0 3.1 4.5 7.5 160 凝固浴:ロダン酸ナトリウム10%水溶液 紡糸ドラフト 繊度(d) 強度(g/d) 伸度(%) ヤング率(g/d) 0.3 3.1 3.9 14.0 110 1.0 3.1 3.9 11.0 130 2.5 3.1 4.0 9.0 140 4.0 3.1 4.2 7.5 147 5.0 3.1 4.3 6.5 155 凝固浴:ε−カプロラクタム7%水溶液 紡糸ドラフト 繊度(d) 強度(g/d) 伸度(%) ヤング率(g/d) 0.3 3.1 3.0 13.0 95 1.0 3.1 3.1 11.0 100 2.5 3.1 3.4 8.0 120 4.0 3.1 4.2 6.5 127 5.0 3.1 4.3 5.8 135 凝固浴:水(比較例) 紡糸ドラフト 繊度(d) 強度(g/d) 伸度(%) ヤング率(g/d) 0.3 3.1 1.9 7.0 95 1.0 3.1 1.9 6.5 100 2.5 3.1 2.0 6.0 103 4.0 3.1 2.1 4.5 107 5.0 3.1 2.1 3.8 108 以上の結果から比較例である水を凝固浴とする場合に較
べ本発明の方法で紡糸すると紡糸ドラフトが低い領域で
あっても繊維の力学的特性がすぐれていることが注目さ
れる。また、紡糸ドラフトが高くなっても繊維の切断伸
度の低下の割合が小さい。Example 3 A spinning solution having a cellulose content of about 15% was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2. This solution was spun by the dry jet wet spinning method to obtain a regenerated cellulose fiber. Air gap is 5 mm, spinning temperature is 10
The temperature was 0 ° C., the nozzle was 0.35 mmφ × 17 holes, and the coagulation bath temperature was 20 ° C. Spin draft from 0.3 to 5.0
Changed in range. 7% aqueous solution of sodium sulfate,
A 10% aqueous solution of sodium rhodate and a 7% aqueous solution of ε-caprolactam were used, and a water bath was used for comparison. The obtained fiber is thoroughly washed with water to remove the solvent, and then 150 ° C,
Dry heat treatment was performed for 5 minutes. The fiber property results of the dry heat treated product are shown below. Coagulation bath: 7% aqueous solution of sodium sulfate Spinning draft Fineness (d) Strength (g / d) Elongation (%) Young's modulus (g / d) 0.3 3.1 4.0 14.0 130 1.0 3. 1 4.1 13.0 145 2.5 3.1 4.3 4.3 10.0 150 4.0 3.1 4.5 9.5 155 5.0 3.1 4.5 4.5 7.5 160 Coagulation bath: Sodium rhodate 10% aqueous solution Spinning draft Fineness (d) Strength (g / d) Elongation (%) Young's modulus (g / d) 0.3 3.1 3.9 14.0 110 110 1.0 3.1 3 1.9 11.0 130 2.5 3.1 4.0 9.0 140 140 4.0 3.1 4.2 7.5 147 5.0 3.1 4.3 6.5 155 Coagulation bath: ε- Caprolactam 7% aqueous solution Spinning draft Fineness (d) Strength (g / d) Elongation (%) Young's modulus (g / d) 0.3 3.1 3.0 13.0 95 95 1.0 3.1 3.1 11.0 100 2.5 3 1 3.4 8.0 120 4.0 4.0 3.1 4.2 6.5 127 127 5.0 3.1 4.3 5.8 135 Coagulation bath: water (comparative example) Spinning draft Fineness (d) Strength ( g / d) Elongation (%) Young's modulus (g / d) 0.3 3.1 1.9 7.0 95 95 1.0 3.1 1.9 6.5 6.5 100 2.5 3.1 2. 0 6.0 103 4.0 3.0 2.1 2.1 4.5 107 5.0 3.1 2.1 3.8 108 The present invention is based on the above results as compared with the case of using water as a coagulating bath as a comparative example. It is noteworthy that the mechanical properties of the fiber are excellent even when the spinning draft is low when the fiber is spun by the method (1). Further, even if the spinning draft becomes high, the reduction rate of the cutting elongation of the fiber is small.
【0017】実施例4 実施例1と同様の方法でセルロース分約10パーセント
の紡糸用溶液を調製した。この溶液を用いてドライジエ
ットウエットスピニング法により紡糸して再生セルロー
ス繊維を得た。エヤーギャップ3mm、紡糸温度は100
℃、ノズルは0.10mmφ×20ホール、凝固浴温度
は20℃とした。凝固浴に硫酸ナトリウム9%水溶液、
尿素10%水溶液を用い比較対象として水浴を用いた。
得られた繊維は十分に水洗し溶媒を除去したのち各温度
で10分乾燥熱処理を行った。乾燥熱処理品の繊維特性
結果を次に示す。 凝固浴:硫酸ナトリウム9%水溶液 乾燥温度 繊度(d) 強度(g/d) 伸度(%) ヤング率(g/d) 室温 2.5 2.6 33.0 85 100℃ 2.5 3.1 30.0 120 150℃ 2.5 4.2 12.5 150 200℃ 2.5 2.0 10.5 70 250℃ 2.5 0.8 3.5 20 凝固浴:尿素10%水溶液 乾燥温度 繊度(d) 強度(g/d) 伸度(%) ヤング率(g/d) 室温 2.5 1.7 25.0 50 100℃ 2.5 2.5 22.1 90 150℃ 2.5 3.0 12.0 115 200℃ 2.5 1.4 5.6 60 250℃ 2.5 0.5 1.5 18 凝固浴:水(比較例) 乾燥温度 繊度(d) 強度(g/d) 伸度(%) ヤング率(g/d) 室温 2.5 0.9 18.3 55 100℃ 2.5 1.2 10.9 80 150℃ 2.5 2.0 7.0 95 200℃ 2.5 0.9 3.8 67 250℃ 2.5 0.5 1.2 17Example 4 A spinning solution having a cellulose content of about 10% was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. This solution was spun by the dry jet wet spinning method to obtain a regenerated cellulose fiber. Air gap 3mm, spinning temperature 100
C., the nozzle was 0.10 mm.phi..times.20 holes, and the coagulation bath temperature was 20.degree. Sodium sulfate 9% aqueous solution in coagulation bath,
A 10% aqueous solution of urea was used and a water bath was used for comparison.
The obtained fiber was thoroughly washed with water to remove the solvent, and then dried and heat-treated at each temperature for 10 minutes. The fiber property results of the dry heat treated product are shown below. Coagulation bath: sodium sulfate 9% aqueous solution Drying temperature Fineness (d) Strength (g / d) Elongation (%) Young's modulus (g / d) Room temperature 2.5 2.6 33.0 85 100 ° C 2.5 3. 1 30.0 120 150 ° C 2.5 4.2 4.2 12.5 150 200 ° C 2.5 2.0 10.5 70 250 ° C 2.5 0.8 3.5 3.5 20 Coagulation bath: 10% urea aqueous solution Drying temperature Fineness (d) Strength (g / d) Elongation (%) Young's modulus (g / d) Room temperature 2.5 1.7 25.0 50 100 ° C 2.5 2.5 22.1 90 150 ° C 2.5 3.0 12.0 115 200 ° C. 2.5 1.4 5.6 60 60 250 ° C. 2.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 18 Coagulation bath: water (comparative example) Drying temperature Fineness (d) Strength (g / d ) Elongation (%) Young's modulus (g / d) Room temperature 2.5 0.9 18.3 55 100 ° C 2.5 1.2 10.9 80 150 ° C 2.5 2.0 7.0 7.0 95 200 ° C 2.50 .9 3.8 67 250 ° C. 2.5 0.5 1.2 1.2 17
【0018】[0018]
【発明の効果】以上説明してきたように、本発明によれ
ば、特別な紡糸または製膜装置を要せず、従来公知の装
置を用いて、従来技術では達成できなかった力学的特性
に優れた再生セルロース成形品を容易に製造することが
可能であり、その実用上の意義は極めて大きいものであ
る。As described above, according to the present invention, a special spinning or film forming apparatus is not required, and the mechanical properties which cannot be achieved by the prior art are excellent by using the conventionally known apparatus. It is possible to easily produce a regenerated cellulose molded product, and its practical significance is extremely large.
【表1】 [Table 1]
Claims (6)
用いたセルロース溶液をドライジエットウエットスピニ
ング法またはウエットスピニング法によって成形するに
際し、凝固液が水溶性中性有機化合物、水溶性無機中性
塩、水溶性苛性アルカリ及び水溶性酸の中から選択され
た1種以上の物質を含む水溶液であり、かつ得られた凝
固成形品を熱処理することを特徴とする再生セルロース
成形品の製造方法。1. When forming a cellulose solution using a tertiary amine oxide-water mixed solvent by a dry jet wet spinning method or a wet spinning method, the coagulating liquid is a water-soluble neutral organic compound or a water-soluble inorganic neutral salt. A method for producing a regenerated cellulose molded article, which is an aqueous solution containing one or more substances selected from water-soluble caustic alkali and water-soluble acid, and heat-treating the obtained coagulated molded article.
ルホリン−N−オキサイドである請求項1記載の再生セ
ルロース成形品の製造方法。2. The method for producing a regenerated cellulose molded article according to claim 1, wherein the tertiary amine oxide is N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide.
ン、ε−カプロラクタム、水溶性無機中性塩が硝酸アン
モニウム、塩化アンモニウム、硫酸ナトリウム、塩化ナ
トリウム、ロダン酸カリウム、ロダン酸ナトリウム、塩
化マグネシウム、塩化亜鉛、塩化カルシウム、塩化錫、
水溶性苛性アルカリが水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウ
ム、水酸化カルシウム、水酸化亜鉛、及び水溶性酸が硫
酸、硝酸、リン酸、ギ酸、モノクロル酢酸である請求項
1及び2記載の再生セルロース成形品の製造方法。3. The water-soluble neutral organic compound is urea, pyrrolidone, ε-caprolactam, and the water-soluble inorganic neutral salt is ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium rhodanate, sodium rhodanate, magnesium chloride, chloride. Zinc, calcium chloride, tin chloride,
The regenerated cellulose molded article according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water-soluble caustic is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, and the water-soluble acid is sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, or monochloroacetic acid. Manufacturing method.
℃以下の乾熱処理である請求項1、2及び3記載の再生
セルロース成形品の製造方法。4. The heat treatment method is performed at a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher and 200.
The method for producing a regenerated cellulose molded article according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which is a dry heat treatment at ℃ or less.
項1〜4記載の再生セルロース成形品の製造方法。5. The method for producing a regenerated cellulose molded article according to claim 1, wherein the regenerated cellulose molded article is a fiber.
請求項1〜4記載の再生セルロース成形品の製造方法。6. The method for producing a regenerated cellulose molded article according to claim 1, wherein the regenerated cellulose molded article is a film.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34563693A JP3267781B2 (en) | 1993-12-22 | 1993-12-22 | Method for producing regenerated cellulose molded article |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34563693A JP3267781B2 (en) | 1993-12-22 | 1993-12-22 | Method for producing regenerated cellulose molded article |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07189019A true JPH07189019A (en) | 1995-07-25 |
| JP3267781B2 JP3267781B2 (en) | 2002-03-25 |
Family
ID=18377951
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34563693A Expired - Fee Related JP3267781B2 (en) | 1993-12-22 | 1993-12-22 | Method for producing regenerated cellulose molded article |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3267781B2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997008370A1 (en) * | 1995-08-29 | 1997-03-06 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Cellulose multifilament yarns and woven fabrics produced therefrom |
| WO1997030198A1 (en) * | 1996-02-14 | 1997-08-21 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Cellulose fibres and filaments having a high elongation at break |
| WO1997036029A1 (en) * | 1996-03-27 | 1997-10-02 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for producing cellulose fibres and cellulosic fibre products |
| NL1004958C2 (en) * | 1997-01-09 | 1998-07-13 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Method for preparing cellulose fibers. |
| JP2007522360A (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2007-08-09 | フラウンホファー−ゲゼルシャフト ツア フェデルンク デア アンゲヴァンテン フォルシュンク エーファウ | Nonwoven fabric manufacturing method, nonwoven fabric and use thereof |
| JP2009535521A (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2009-10-01 | レンツィング・アクチエンゲゼルシャフト | Hydroentangled products including cellulose fibers |
| CN102443868A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-05-09 | 中国纺织科学研究院 | Method for manufacturing regenerated cellulose fiber |
| WO2023050283A1 (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-06 | The Hong Kong Research Institute Of Textiles And Apparel Limited | Regenerated cellulose composite fiber and method of preparation thereof |
-
1993
- 1993-12-22 JP JP34563693A patent/JP3267781B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6013367A (en) * | 1995-08-29 | 2000-01-11 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Cellulose multifilament yarn and woven fabrics produced therefrom |
| WO1997008370A1 (en) * | 1995-08-29 | 1997-03-06 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Cellulose multifilament yarns and woven fabrics produced therefrom |
| AU703116B2 (en) * | 1995-08-29 | 1999-03-18 | Akzo Nobel Faser Ag | Cellulose multifilament yarn and fabric made thereof |
| WO1997030198A1 (en) * | 1996-02-14 | 1997-08-21 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Cellulose fibres and filaments having a high elongation at break |
| US6068919A (en) * | 1996-02-14 | 2000-05-30 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Cellulose fibres and filaments having a high elongation at break |
| WO1997036029A1 (en) * | 1996-03-27 | 1997-10-02 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for producing cellulose fibres and cellulosic fibre products |
| NL1004958C2 (en) * | 1997-01-09 | 1998-07-13 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Method for preparing cellulose fibers. |
| WO1998030741A1 (en) * | 1997-01-09 | 1998-07-16 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for preparing cellulose fibres |
| US6156253A (en) * | 1997-01-09 | 2000-12-05 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for preparing cellulose fibers |
| JP2007522360A (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2007-08-09 | フラウンホファー−ゲゼルシャフト ツア フェデルンク デア アンゲヴァンテン フォルシュンク エーファウ | Nonwoven fabric manufacturing method, nonwoven fabric and use thereof |
| JP2009535521A (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2009-10-01 | レンツィング・アクチエンゲゼルシャフト | Hydroentangled products including cellulose fibers |
| CN102443868A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-05-09 | 中国纺织科学研究院 | Method for manufacturing regenerated cellulose fiber |
| WO2023050283A1 (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-06 | The Hong Kong Research Institute Of Textiles And Apparel Limited | Regenerated cellulose composite fiber and method of preparation thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3267781B2 (en) | 2002-03-25 |
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