JPH07200852A - Graphic transformation device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To a graphic deforming device capable of deforming an arbitrary line drawing in image processing, capable of deforming an arbitrary line drawing with a small amount of deformation information, and facilitating creation of deformation information. With the goal. [Structure] A division ratio when a straight line W11-W12 passing through a point P1 on the line drawing figure before deformation in FIG. 3 (a) and parallel to the sides T1-T2 is divided at a point P1, and FIG. A straight line W passing through the point P1 'on the transformed line drawing figure and parallel to the side T1'-T2'
The point P1 'is calculated so that the division ratio when 11'-W12' is divided at the point P1 'is equal. Point P2
And P2 ', a straight line W21 parallel to the side T1-T3
-W22 and a straight line W21'-W parallel to the side T1'-T3 '
Regarding the relation with 22 ', the point P2' is calculated under the same relation as the above case. As a result, points P1 and P2
The line drawing figure including "" is transformed into a line drawing figure including points P1 'and P2'.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a graphic transformation device capable of transforming an arbitrary line drawing in image processing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In computer image processing, a lot of processing is performed for transforming a line drawing drawn by a point drawing, a straight line, a curve function or the like for the purpose of performing animation processing.

However, conventionally, in order to deform a line drawing, the deformation information of each point forming the line drawing, the deformation information of the start point and the end point of each straight line, or the deformation information of each parameter of the curve function is required. Even a line drawing has a problem that a large amount of data is required to deform it.

An object of the present invention is to make it possible to transform an arbitrary line drawing with a small amount of transformation information and to facilitate the creation of the transformation information.

[0005]

The present invention firstly has graphic display means (display device 104) for displaying a line drawing graphic.

Next, the graphic display means has a frame determination means (step 202 of FIG. 2 executed by the CPU 101) for determining an arbitrary triangular frame surrounding the line drawing figure on the display screen.

Next, there is a frame transforming means (step 203 in FIG. 2 executed by the CPU 101) for transforming the triangular frame determined by the frame determining means on the display screen of the graphic display means.

Then, based on the positional relationship between the three vertices forming the triangular frame before deformation determined by the frame determining means and the three vertices forming the triangular frame deformed by the frame deforming means, It has a graphic transformation calculation means (step 204 in FIG. 2 executed by the CPU 101) for transforming a line drawing graphic. For example, the figure deformation calculation means may be configured such that, for any point on the line drawing figure before deformation, on that straight line that passes through that point and is parallel to any side of the triangle before deformation, the straight line and the triangle before deformation are The division ratio when a line segment whose two end points intersect with a side is divided by arbitrary points, and the points on the line drawing figure after deformation corresponding to the arbitrary points on the line drawing figure before deformation, On a straight line passing through the points on the transformed line drawing figure and corresponding to any side of the untransformed triangle, parallel to the sides of the transformed triangle,
On the line drawing figure before the deformation, the line segment having two points where the straight line and the side of the triangle after the deformation intersect as the end points are equal to the division ratio when the points on the line drawing figure after the transformation are divided. The point on the transformed line drawing figure corresponding to the arbitrary point of is calculated.

In the above-mentioned configuration of the invention, the frame deforming means is a frame determining means while fixing any one vertex of the triangular frame determined by the frame determining means on the display screen of the graphic displaying means. It can be configured to deform the determined triangular frame.

Further, the invention can be configured such that the triangular frame determined by the frame determining means is a right triangle frame.

[0011]

The line drawing is only the positional relationship between the three vertices forming the triangular frame before the deformation determined by the frame determining means and the three vertices forming the triangular frame after the deformation by the frame deforming means. Since the transformation information of the figure can be created, the processing amount of the figure transformation process can be small.

Further, the transformation of the line drawing figure can be easily realized only by transforming the line drawing figure so that such positional relationship is preserved. Here, by deforming the triangular frame in a state where any one of the vertices of the triangular frame determined by the frame determining means is fixed, it is possible to reduce the calculation amount when the line drawing figure is deformed.

Further, since the triangular frame determined by the frame determining means is a right-angled triangular frame, the amount of calculation at the time of transformation of the line drawing figure can be further reduced.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Three embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment of a graphic transformation device.

The CPU 101 operates while using the RAM 103 as a work memory according to a control program stored in the ROM 102, and controls all operations for graphic transformation.

The display device 104 is, for example, a CRT display for displaying a figure before transformation and a figure after transformation. In this case, it also includes a point function of a display position with a mouse or the like for enclosing a figure in a triangular frame (described later).

FIG. 2 is an operation flow chart showing the outline of the graphic transformation process in the first embodiment. First, in step 201, the user selects an original figure to be transformed on the display device 104. Specifically, the user
The original cursor is selected by moving the mouse cursor displayed on the display device 104 to the original figure (line drawing) to be selected and clicking the mouse button. Or
The user may enclose a range including a plurality of original figures (line drawings) with a box using a mouse. In response to this, the CPU 101 causes the coordinate values of the selected original graphic on the graphic data developed on the RAM 103,
Specifically, each coordinate value forming the selected line drawing is calculated. As a result of these processes, for example, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the straight line figure 1 having the points P1 and P2 at both ends is selected, the coordinate values of the points P1 and P2 are calculated, and the RAM 103
Held in.

Next, in step 202, the user determines on the display device 104 a triangular frame surrounding the original graphic selected in step 201. Specifically, the user determines the frame by clicking the three vertices forming the triangles T1, T2, and T3 in FIG. 3A with the mouse cursor displayed on the display device 104. . In response to this, the CPU 101 causes the R
On the graphic data developed on AM103,
The coordinates of the three vertices of the triangle forming the determined frame are calculated and stored in the RAM 103.

Next, in step 203, the user transforms the frame determined in step 202 on the display device 104. Specifically, the user clicks the mouse button on one of the three vertices of the triangular frame determined in step 202, for example, the point T1 in FIG. , Release the mouse button. As a result, in response to this, the CPU1
01 is one of the three vertices of the deformed triangular frame on the graphic data developed in the RAM 103, for example, the coordinate value of the point T1 'in FIG.
It is held in M103 and displayed on the display device 104. The user selects the other two of the three vertices of the triangular frame determined in step 202, such as the point T in FIG. 3 (a).
By applying the same modification to 2 and T3, CP
U101 calculates the coordinate values of the other two of the three vertices of the deformed triangular frame, for example, points T2 'and T3' in FIG. 3 (b), stores them in the RAM 103, and stores them in the display device 104. To display.

In step 204, the CPU 101
Are the three vertices of the triangles that make up the frame before deformation, which are held in the RAM 103 in step 202, as shown in FIG.
The coordinate values of points T1, T2, and T3 in (a) and step 203
The three vertices of the triangle which compose the frame after deformation and which are held in the RAM 103 at, for example, points T1 'and T in FIG.
Based on the positional relationship with the coordinate values of 2'and T3 ', for example, by transforming the coordinate values of the points P1 and P2 of the original figure stored in the RAM 103 in step 201, for example, as shown in FIG. The points P1 'and P2' shown in (b) are calculated.

In step 205, the CPU 101
Is the point P calculated in step 204, for example, in FIG.
1 ′ and P2 ′ are the transformed figures l ′,
It is displayed on the display device 104.

Next, the specific processing of the graphic transformation calculation in step 204 will be described. For example, in FIG. 3 (a), for each point P1 and P2 forming the straight line 1 which is the original figure, a straight line passing through each point and parallel to any side of a triangle having points T1, T2 and T3 as three vertices It is calculated. In the example of FIG. 3A, a straight line W11-W12 parallel to the side T1-T2 is calculated for the point P1, and a straight line W21-W22 parallel to the side T1-T3 is calculated for the point P2.
Here, W11, W12, W21, and W22 are points where each parallel line intersects each side of the triangle. Since there are three ways of drawing a parallel line with respect to each side of the triangle, as shown in FIG. 3A, for the point P2, a straight line (W21)-(W22 parallel to the sides T1-T2 is used. ) May be calculated.

Next, the three vertices T1, T2, T of the original triangle
When 3 is transformed into three vertices T1 ', T2', T3 ',
Parallel lines W11-W12 and W21-W22 are straight lines W1
It is transformed into 1'-W12 'and W21'-W22'. The limiting conditions in this case are straight lines W11'-W12 'and W2.
1'-W22 'are sides T1'-T2' and T1 ', respectively.
-Parallel to T3 '.

According to these limiting conditions, the four points W1 after deformation are
1 ', W12', W21 ', and W22' are calculated by solving a simultaneous four-dimensional linear equation represented by the following equation.

[0025]

[Equation 1]

Based on this equation, four points W11 ', W after deformation are obtained.
After 12 ', W21' and W22 'are calculated, the points P1 and P2 forming the straight line l which is the original figure are changed to points P1' and P
It is transformed into 2 '. The limiting condition in this case is that, on the above-mentioned parallel line passing through the points forming the figure, a line segment whose two end points intersect the parallel line and the sides of the triangle is divided by the points forming the figure. That is, the division ratio of is equal before and after deformation.

According to this restriction condition, the points P1 'and P after deformation are changed.
2'is calculated by solving a simultaneous binary linear equation represented by the following equation.

[0028]

[Equation 2]

The graphic transformation operation is realized as described above. Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment of the graphic transformation device will be described.

First, the structure of the second embodiment is shown in FIG. 1 as in the case of the first embodiment. Further, the outline of the graphic transformation processing in the second embodiment is also shown in FIG. 2 as in the case of the first embodiment.

Next, the operation of the second embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment. First, in the frame modification processing of step 203 of FIG. 2, for example, the frame before modification of FIG. 4 is constructed. 3 vertices T1, T2, T3 of the triangle to be formed and 3 vertices T1 ', T of the triangle constituting the frame after deformation
As can be seen by comparing 2'and T3, one of the three vertices
For example, the point T3 is a fixed point. Then, one point P constituting the original figure is converted into a point P '. Even if there are a plurality of points forming the original figure, conversion is performed for each point according to exactly the same conversion rule.

Next, the specific processing of the graphic transformation operation of step 204 of FIG. 2 in the second embodiment will be described. For example, in FIG. 4, with respect to the point P constituting the original figure, one straight line passing through the point and parallel to arbitrary sides of a triangle having three vertices at points T1, T2, and T3 is calculated. Figure 4
In the example, for the point P, a straight line parallel to the sides T1-T2 is calculated. Here, V1 and V2 are points at which the parallel line and the sides T1-T3 and T2-T3 of the triangle intersect.

Next, the two vertices T1 and T2 of the original triangle are 2
When transformed into vertices T1 'and T2', parallel lines V1-V
2 is transformed into a straight line V1'-V2 '. The limiting condition in this case is that the straight line V1'-V2 'is parallel to the side T1'-T2'.

According to this restriction condition, two points V1 'after deformation,
V2 'is calculated by solving a simultaneous binary linear equation shown by the following equation.

[0035]

[Equation 3]

Based on this equation, two points V1 'and V1 after deformation are obtained.
After 2 ′ is calculated, the point P that constitutes the original figure is changed to the point P ′.
Is transformed into. Similar to the case of the first embodiment, the limiting condition in this case is that, on the above-mentioned parallel line that passes through the points forming the figure, a line segment whose end points are two points where the parallel line and the sides of the triangle intersect. That is, the division ratio in the case of being divided by the points forming the figure is equal before and after the deformation.

Under this restriction condition, the deformed point P'is calculated by solving the linear equation shown by the following equation.

[0038]

[Equation 4]

The graphic transformation operation is realized as described above. Third Embodiment Next, a third embodiment of the graphic transformation apparatus will be described.

First, the configuration of the third embodiment is shown in FIG. 1 as in the case of the first or second embodiment. In addition, the outline of the graphic transformation processing in the third embodiment is also described in the first
Or as in the case of the second embodiment, illustrated by FIG.

Next, the operation of the third embodiment is the first or second operation.
The difference from the operation of the first embodiment is that, in the frame determination processing of step 202 of FIG. 2, first, when the user determines a triangular frame surrounding the original graphic selected in step 201 on the display device 104. , For example in FIG.
A triangle whose three vertices are points T1, T2, and T3 is a point that is determined as a right triangle (the angle at the vertex T3 is a right angle). Specifically, the user determines the frame by clicking the three vertices forming the triangle with the mouse cursor displayed on the display device 104. In response to this, the CPU 101 calculates the coordinates T1, T2, and T3 of the three vertices of the right-angled triangle closest to the triangle forming the determined frame on the graphic data developed in the RAM 103, and stores them in the RAM 103. Hold.

In the frame modification process of step 203 of FIG. 2, three vertices T1, T2 of the right triangle forming the frame before modification of FIG. 5, for example, as in the case of the second embodiment.
T3 and the three vertices T of the triangle that makes up the transformed frame
As can be seen by comparing 1 ', T2' and T3, one of the three vertices, for example point T3, is fixed. Then, one point P constituting the original figure is converted into a point P '. Even if there are a plurality of points forming the original figure, conversion is performed for each point according to exactly the same conversion rule.

Next, the specific processing of the graphic transformation operation of step 204 of FIG. 2 in the third embodiment will be described. For example, referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 4 relating to the second embodiment.
As in the case of, for the point P that constitutes the original figure, one straight line that passes through that point and that is parallel to any side of a right-angled triangle whose three vertices are points T1, T2, and T3 is calculated. In the example of FIG. 5, for the point P, a straight line parallel to the sides T1-T2 is calculated. Here, V1 and V2 are points at which the parallel line and the sides T1-T3 and T2-T3 of the triangle intersect.

Next, the two vertices T1 and T2 of the original right triangle
Is transformed into two vertices T1 'and T2', the parallel line V1
-V2 is transformed into a straight line V1'-V2 '. The limiting condition in this case is the straight line V, as in the case of the second embodiment.
1'-V2 'is parallel to the side T1'-T2'.

This limiting condition and points T1, T2, T3 are set to 3
From the condition that the triangle that is the vertex is a right triangle,
The following relationship holds.

[0046]

[Equation 5]

In the equation (5), it is assumed that the side T1-T3 is parallel to the y-axis on the xy coordinate axes and the side T1-T2 is parallel to the x-axis. The x coordinate and the y coordinate of the point P are Px and Py, and similarly, the x coordinate and the y coordinate of the point P ′ are P
Represented as x'and Py '. 2 vertices T
The x and y coordinates of 1 and T2 are T1x and T1y,
Similarly, T2x and T2y, as well as the x and y coordinates of the two vertices T1 'and T2' are T1x 'and T1y', T2x '.
And T2y '. Furthermore, points V1 and V
The x and y coordinates of 2 are V1x and V1y, V2x and V2y, as well as the x and y coordinates of points V1 ′ and V2 ′.
The coordinates are V1x 'and V1y', V2x 'and V2y'.
Is represented as.

Here, as in the case of the first and second embodiments, further, on the above-mentioned parallel line passing through the points forming the figure, the two points where the parallel line and the sides of the triangle intersect are the end points. A restriction condition is added that the division ratio when the line segment is divided by the points forming the figure is equal before and after the deformation.

From this limiting condition and the equation (5), the x coordinate of the deformed point P'can be calculated by the following equation.

[0050]

[Equation 6]

Similarly, the y coordinate of the deformed point P'can be calculated by the following equation.

[0052]

[Equation 7]

As described above, the graphic transformation operation is realized.

[0054]

According to the present invention, the three vertices forming the triangular frame before the deformation determined by the frame determining means and the three vertices forming the triangular frame after the deformation by the frame deforming means. As a positional relationship with
Since the deformation information of the line drawing figure can be created, there is an effect that the processing amount of the figure changing process is small.

Further, the user can transform the line drawing figure by a simple operation of moving the three vertices. Further, it is possible to easily realize the deformation of the line drawing figure only by changing the line drawing figure so that the positional relationship as described above is preserved.

Here, by deforming the triangular frame with any one of the vertices of the triangular frame determined by the frame determining means fixed, it is possible to reduce the amount of calculation when deforming the line drawing figure. Becomes

Further, since the triangular frame determined by the frame determining means is configured as a right-angled triangle frame, it is possible to further reduce the amount of calculation when transforming the line drawing figure.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an embodiment of a graphic transformation device (first to third embodiments).
It is a block diagram of.

FIG. 2 is an embodiment (first to third embodiments) of a graphic transformation device.
3 is an operation flowchart showing the processing of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a first embodiment of a graphic transformation device.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a second embodiment of the graphic transformation device.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a third embodiment of the graphic transformation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 101 CPU 102 ROM 103 RAM 104 Display Device

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Office reference number FI technical display location // G06F 17/50 7623-5L G06F 15/60 330

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A graphic display means for displaying a line drawing graphic, a frame determining means for deciding an arbitrary triangular frame surrounding the line drawing graphic on the display screen of the graphic display means, and a display screen for the graphic display means. Above, the frame deforming means for deforming the triangular frame determined by the frame determining means, the three vertices constituting the untransformed triangular frame determined by the frame determining means, and the frame deforming means The graphic transformation device for transforming the line drawing graphic based on the positional relationship with the three vertices that form the triangular frame after the drawing. 2. The frame deforming means, in the frame determining means, fixes any one vertex of the triangular frame determined by the frame determining means on a display screen of the graphic displaying means. The figure transformation device according to claim 1, wherein the determined frame of the triangle is transformed. 3. The graphic transformation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the triangular frame determined by the frame determining means is a right triangle frame. 4. The figure deformation calculation means, for an arbitrary point on the line drawing figure before the deformation, on the straight line passing through the arbitrary point and parallel to the arbitrary side of the triangle before the deformation, A division ratio in the case where a line segment whose two end points intersect the sides of the undeformed triangle are divided by the arbitrary point, and the after-deformation corresponding to an arbitrary point on the line drawing figure before the deformation Of the point on the line drawing figure, the straight line and the deformation on a straight line passing through the point on the line drawing figure after the deformation and corresponding to an arbitrary side of the triangle before the deformation. Arbitrary on the pre-deformation line drawing figure so that the line segment whose two end points intersect the sides of the subsequent triangle are divided by the points on the post-deformation line drawing figure are equal. Calculating points on the transformed line drawing figure corresponding to the points The graphic transformation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: