JPH07206384A - Winch drive - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] High-speed hoisting and high-speed hoisting, as well as free-fall work by high-speed hoisting operation. In a winch drive device in which a drum 3 is provided with a first planetary gear train 1 and a second planetary gear train 2 each having a clutch, the clutch is a negative clutch 4, 5, and any one of these clutches 4, 5 is used. It is possible to switch between two speed stages by engaging with.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a winch mounted on a crane vehicle or the like, and more particularly to a winch drive device using a planetary gear reducer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional winch drive device mounted on a mobile crane comprises a fixed displacement motor 51 and a spur gear reducer 52 as shown in FIG.
The rotation of the output shaft 53 of the speed reducer 52 is configured to be transmitted to the drum 56 via a dry internal expansion clutch 54 and a dry drum brake 55. A dry drum brake 55 is attached to stop the rotation of the drum 56. In this winch drive device, the dry drum brake 55 is opened and the dry inner expansion clutch 54 is engaged, whereby the rotation of the output shaft 53 of the speed reducer 52 is transmitted to the drum 56 and the dry inner expansion clutch 54 is engaged. Open
By operating the dry type drum brake 55, the rotation of the drum 56 is stopped. That is, only one winch speed is possible for both winding and winding. The free fall work is performed by releasing the clutch 54 and the brake 55.

Further, a fixed displacement motor 6 is shown in FIG.
1 and the planetary gear reducer 6 built in the winch drum 62
3, one element of the planetary gear reducer 63 is connected to the output shaft of the fixed displacement motor 61, and
The other element of the planetary gear reducer 63 is connected to the drum 62, and the remaining elements of the planetary gear reducer 63 are fixed to the frame 66 by the dry internal expansion clutch 64, thereby rotating the fixed capacity motor 61. Slow down the drum 6
2 to operate. Further, a dry drum brake 65 is mounted to open the dry inner expansion clutch 64 to cut off power transmission from the fixed displacement motor 61 and stop the rotation of the drum 62. That is, only one winch speed is possible for both winding and winding.
The free fall work is performed by releasing the clutch 64 and the brake 65, as in the conventional technique shown in FIG.

[0004]

However, as shown in FIG.
In the conventional technique shown in FIG. 5, since only one speed can be used for both winding and lowering, it is not possible to perform the winding and lowering operations at a higher speed than this even when the load is low.
There was a problem that work efficiency could not be improved. In addition, the free fall work had to release both the clutch and the brake, which was a safety issue.

The present invention has been made in view of these problems of the prior art.
The purpose of this invention is to solve the drawbacks of the prior art by providing a winch drive device that enables high-speed hoisting and high-speed hoisting as well as free-fall work by high-speed hoisting operation. .

[0006]

According to the present invention, in a winch drive system constituted by a planetary gear train having a plurality of clutches, a speed stage is selected by engaging any one of the plurality of clutches, It is characterized in that a brake state is obtained by fixing any two of the clutches, and a free fall state is obtained by releasing all of the clutches, and the plurality of clutches can be two, and The drive device is composed of a plurality of planetary gear trains, and any two elements constituting each planetary gear train are
Of the elements of the planetary gear train, which are directly connected to any two of the other planetary gear trains, respectively, and one of the directly connected elements is connected to a drive source, and the elements of the planetary gear train closest to the drive source are directly connected to each other. The elements other than are fixed by a clutch, and the other elements of the planetary gear trains except the planetary gear train closest to the drive source are directly connected to the elements of the other planetary gear trains by another clutch. Further, the plurality of planetary gear trains is a two-stage planetary gear train, and the sun gears of each planetary gear train are directly connected to each other and connected to a drive source,
An element other than the sun gear of the first planetary gear train close to the drive source is directly connected to an element other than the sun gear of the second planetary gear train,
The remaining elements of the planetary gear train are fixed by the first clutch, the elements of the second planetary gear train that are directly connected to the elements of the first planetary gear train other than the sun gear are fixed by the second clutch, and the second planetary gear train is fixed. Can be connected to the output shaft, the carrier of the first planetary gear train and the ring gear of the second planetary gear train are directly connected, and the ring gear of the first planetary gear train is connected by the first clutch. Further, the carriers of the second planetary gear train can be fixed by the second clutch.

Further, the first and second clutches may be negative clutches that are braked by springs and the braking is released by supplying hydraulic pressure to the clutch cylinders. Furthermore, the two clutch cylinders are for shifting. A three-position four-port valve and a pilot-type four-port valve connected to the speed-changing three-position four-port valve are connected to the pump and the tank, and the pilot-type four-port valve uses the winch drive pressure as a pilot pressure, and At its neutral position, the pump port is blocked and both clutch cylinders are drained regardless of the operating position of the shifting 3-position 4-port valve, and at its operating position, one operating position of the shifting 3-position 4-port valve is used. Connect the first clutch cylinder to the pump, the second clutch cylinder to the tank, and the other clutch at the second operating position. Connecting cylinder and a pump, a first clutch cylinder and the tank.

[0008]

According to the above-mentioned structure, in the winch drive device composed of the planetary gear train having a plurality of clutches,
A predetermined speed stage is selected by engaging any one of the plurality of clutches, and if any two or more of the plurality of clutches are fixed, two or more speed stages cannot be obtained at the same time. Therefore, if the brake is applied and all of the clutches are released, the power of the drive source is not transmitted to the winch, so that the winch free fall condition can be obtained. Further, by making the first and second clutches negative clutches, when hydraulic pressure is not supplied to the negative clutch due to a failure of the hydraulic system, all of the plurality of clutches are fixed and brought into a braking state, which is safe.

Furthermore, when the winch is stopped, the first and second clutches are fixed, the brake acts on the winch, and when the winch is driven, the pilot pressure is used as the pilot pressure to shift the pilot type 4-port valve from the neutral position. When the three-position four-port valve for shifting is set to the neutral position in the operating position, the first and second clutches are released and the winch enters the free fall state. When the three-position four-port valve for speed change is operated, the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the first clutch cylinder according to the operation direction, and the predetermined speed is achieved by engaging only the second clutch cylinder, or the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the second clutch cylinder. Then, by engaging only the first clutch cylinder, another predetermined speed is obtained.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment shown in FIG. The present invention is a first having a clutch for each.
In a winch drive device in which the planetary gear train 1 and the second planetary gear train 2 are provided outside the drum 3 and the third planetary gear train of the final reduction gear is provided inside the drum, the clutch supplies hydraulic pressure to the clutch cylinder. Then the clutch is released,
The negative clutches 4 and 5 are engaged with the clutches by springs when the supply of the hydraulic pressure is cut off. The negative clutches 4 and 5 are configured to switch between two speed stages by engaging one of the negative clutches 4 and 5. There is.

In FIG. 1, a first planetary gear train 1 and a second planetary gear train 2 are provided between the drum 3 and a fixed displacement hydraulic motor 6 in that order from the side closer to the hydraulic motor 6.
The first planetary gear train 1 is composed of four elements of a sun gear 1a, a planetary gear 1b, a carrier 1c, and a ring gear 1d, and the second planetary gear train 2 is also a sun gear 2a, a planetary gear 2b,
It is composed of four elements, a carrier 2c and a ring gear 2d. The sun gears 1a and 2a are integrally formed on the same sun gear shaft 7, and the sun gear shaft 7 is connected at its end portion to the output joint 6a on the hydraulic motor 6 side by a spline. The planetary gear 1b meshing with the sun gear 1a is pivotally supported by a first planetary shaft 8 on a planetary carrier 1c sandwiching the planetary gear 1b. Also,
The planet gear 1b meshes with the ring gear 1d, and the carrier 1
The gear 9 provided at the left end of c meshes with the ring gear 2d of the second planetary gear train 2.

The planetary gear 2b meshing with the sun gear 2a of the second planetary gear train 2 is rotatably supported by the second planetary shaft 10 on the carrier 2c sandwiching the planetary gear 2b.
The planet gear 2b meshes with the ring gear 2d. The inner tooth spline provided at the left end of the carrier 2c has a third
The sun gear 11a of the planetary gear train 11 is engaged by an external tooth spline provided at one end of the gear shaft 12. The planet gear 11b meshing with the sun gear 11a is the third planet shaft 1
A carrier 11c which is rotatably supported by 3 and whose both ends are rotatably supported by the third planetary shaft 13 is fixed to the inner flange of the drum 3 by a plurality of bolts 14.

Cases 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d and 15e are respectively provided on the outer peripheral portions of the ring gears 1d and 2d of the first planetary gear train 1 and the second planetary gear train 2 from the hydraulic motor 6 side to the drum 3 side. These cases are provided in order, and each of these cases is integrated by a plurality of through bolts 16. 15e also serves as a winch support. In addition, the ring gear 11 of the third planetary gear 11
d is fixed to the case 15e by bolts 17 and meshes with the planet gear 11b. And each of these cases 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d,
15e and the radial space between the ring gears 1d and 2d, the negative clutch 4 including a wet multi-plate clutch plate, a disc, clutch pistons 4a and 5a, clutch cylinders 18 and 19, and springs 4b and 5b. 5 is provided and is constantly pressed by the springs 4b and 5b into the engaged state. Further, clutch cylinders 18 and 19 are provided between the case 15b and the clutch piston 4a and between the case 15c and the clutch piston 5a, respectively. The clutch cylinders 18 and 19 are provided with the cases 15a and 15a, respectively.
b, 15c, 15d, a passage 20 provided between 15e,
A hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic pressure source (not shown) can be supplied through 21. In the figure, 22 to 26 are bearings that rotatably support the respective parts, and 27 is a wire rope.

FIG. 2 shows a hydraulic circuit for operating the winch drive device shown in FIG.
Reference numerals 8 and 19 are connected to a pump 30 and a tank 31 via an electromagnetic switching valve 28 consisting of a 3-position 4-port switching for high / low speed switching, and a pilot type 4-port valve 29 connected to the electromagnetic switching valve 28. The formula 4 port valve 29 uses the winch drive pressure as the pilot pressure, the pump port P is blocked at the neutral position a, the tank port T is connected to the first and second actuator ports A and B, and other positions b, In c, the pump port P is connected to the first actuator port A, the tank port T is connected to the second actuator port B, and the electromagnetic switching valve 28 has the pump port P connected to the first and second actuators A and B in the neutral position a. Connection, the tank port T is a block, the first negative clutch piston 4a is released in one operating position b, and the first negative clutch piston 4a is opened in the other operating position c. It is obtained as a port connection for releasing the negative clutch piston 5a.

In FIG. 2, the circuit for driving the hydraulic motor 6 is configured so that the oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 32 having a fixed capacity is guided through a manual switching valve 33 having three positions and four ports. By switching the valve 33 from the neutral position to the left or right, the drum 3 can be wound up or down. The pilot pressure for switching the pilot type 4-port valve 29 from the neutral position a to the operating positions b, c is introduced from the middle of the circuits 34, 35 from the actuator ports A, B of the switching valve 33 to the hydraulic motor 6. Has become. In the figure, 36 is a relief valve, 37 is a relief valve with a check valve, and 38 is a throttle valve.

As a method for extracting the pilot pressure for switching the pilot type 4-port valve 29 from the neutral position a to the operating positions b and c, for example, as shown in FIG.
Alternatively, a shuttle valve 39 may be provided between Nos. 4 and 35 to take out pilot pressure from the circuit 40, pressurize one of the pilot type four-port valves 29, and provide a return spring 41 to the other. In FIG. 3, parts common to those in FIG. 2 are designated by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

In the structure of the winch drive device shown in FIG. 1, the power from the hydraulic motor 6 is transferred from the sun gear shaft 7 to the first position.
It is transmitted to the output shaft 12 via the planetary gear train 1 and the second planetary gear train 2, and from the output shaft 12 to the third planetary gear train 1.
1 is transmitted to the carrier 11c, and is transmitted to the drum 3 integrated with the carrier 11c.
In the above, the hydraulic motor 6 is adapted to rotate the discharge oil of the hydraulic pump 32 in either the left or right direction by switching the manual switching valve 33 from the neutral position.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. Each operation of the negative clutch enables low speed hoisting, high speed hoisting, low speed hoisting, high speed hoisting, stop and free fall. That is, in the case of low speed winding,
When the electromagnetic switching valve 28 shown in FIG. 2 is switched to the b position in order to release the operating negative clutch 4, the pilot type 4-port valve 29 is in the b or c position, so that the oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 30 is discharged. Is supplied from the passage 20 to the clutch cylinder 18. As a result, due to the discharged oil flowing into the clutch cylinder 18, the clutch piston 4a in FIG. 1 moves to the left against the spring force of the spring 4b. Therefore, the engagement of the negative clutch 4 is released, and the ring gear 1d is released from the fixed state. As a result, the rotation of the sun gear 2a of the second planetary gear train 2 causes the planetary gear 2b to rotate around the ring gear 2d fixed by the negative clutch 5a, so that the output shaft 12 rotatably connected to the carrier 2c does not move. Rotate
The drum 3 rotates via the third planetary gear train 11 to perform low-speed winding.

In the case of high-speed winding, the electromagnetic switching valve 2 shown in FIG. 2 is used to release the negative clutch 5 that is operating.
When 8 is switched to c position, pilot type 4 port valve 29
Is in the b or c position, the oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 30 is supplied from the passage 21 to the clutch cylinder 19. Due to the discharged oil flowing into the clutch cylinder 19, the piston 5a in FIG. 1 moves to the left against the spring force of the spring 5b and is opened, and the ring gear 2d is released from the fixed state. As a result, the carrier 1c rotating between the sun gear 2a of the second planetary gear train 2 and the sun gear 1a of the first planetary gear train rotating integrally with the sun gear 2a and the ring gear 1d fixed by the negative clutch 4. And a planet gear 2b that is rotated by the rotation of a ring gear 2d that is rotatably connected to the carrier 2c.
The output shaft 12 that is rotatably connected to the drum 3 is rotated, and the drum 3 is rotated through the third planetary gear train 11 to perform high-speed winding. Since the rotation of the hydraulic motor 6 in both the low speed winding and the high speed winding is only opposite to that in the low speed winding and the high speed winding, the description thereof will be omitted.

When the winch is stopped, the pilot type 4-port valve 29 is in the a position in FIG. 2 and the hydraulic pressures of both clutch cylinders 18 and 19 are drained, so that the negative clutches 4 and 5 are connected to the spring 4b. , 5
The ring gears 1d and 2d are brought into a braking state by b and are fixed. Therefore, the gear 9 of the carrier 1c of the first planetary gear train 1 meshes with the ring gear 2d to stop rotation, so that both negative clutches 4 and 5 serve as brakes to stop rotation of the hydraulic motor 6 and the drum 3. .

Although the lowering speed close to the free fall can be obtained by the high-speed lowering, when the higher-speed lowering is required, or when the wire rope 27 is manually unwound during irregular winding or maintenance and inspection. 2, the three-position four-port valve 28 for shifting is set to the state of a,
By winding the manual switching valve 33 to the hoisting or hoisting position, the pilot type 4-port valve 29 is set to the b or c position, both negative clutches 4 and 5 are simultaneously released, and both ring gears 1d and 2d rotate. Becomes free and the drum 3 goes into a free fall state. The above description is summarized and shown in Table 1 below.

[0022]

[Table 1]

[0023]

As described above, according to the present invention, in a winch drive system including a planetary gear train having a plurality of clutches, a speed stage is selected by engaging any one of the plurality of clutches. Since it is possible to obtain a brake state by fixing any two of the clutches and a free fall state by releasing all of the clutches, it is possible to achieve a two-stage hoisting speed of a winch, which has not been possible conventionally. Lowering speeds are possible, and especially high-speed lowering can be used for conventional freefall operations, thus eliminating the conventional freefall operation by releasing both the clutch and brake. Therefore, work safety is improved. Further, since the drum rotation can be stopped by simultaneously operating the negative clutch for speed stage switching, the conventional drum brake can be eliminated. The high-speed unwinding provides a hoisting speed close to the free fall, but when higher hoisting is required, or when the wire rope is manually unwound during irregular winding or maintenance, both negatives are required. A free-fall condition can be easily obtained by releasing the clutches at the same time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a winch drive device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of an embodiment for operating the winch of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of another embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an example of the structure of a conventional winch drive device.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing another example of the structure of a conventional winch drive device.

[Description of Reference Signs] 1 first planetary gear train 1a sun gear 1b planetary gear 1c carrier 1d ring gear 2 second planetary gear train 2a sun gear 2b planetary gear 2c carrier 2d ring gear 3 drum 4,5 negative clutch 28 electromagnetic switching valve 29 pilot type 4 Port valve 30 Pump 31 Tank

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A winch drive device comprising a planetary gear train having a plurality of clutches, wherein a speed stage is selected by engaging any one of the plurality of clutches, and any two of the clutches are selected. A winch drive device characterized in that a brake state is obtained by fixing the clutch and a free fall state is obtained by releasing all of the clutches. 2. The winch drive device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of clutches is two. 3. The drive device is composed of a plurality of planetary gear trains, and any two of the elements constituting each planetary gear train are
Of the elements of the planetary gear train, which are directly connected to any two of the other planetary gear trains, respectively, and one of the directly connected elements is connected to a drive source, and the elements of the planetary gear train closest to the drive source are directly connected to each other. The elements other than are fixed by a clutch, and the other elements of the planetary gear trains except the planetary gear train closest to the drive source are directly connected to the elements of the other planetary gear trains by another clutch. The winch drive device according to claim 1, wherein: 4. The plurality of planetary gear trains are two-stage planetary gear trains, and the sun gears of the respective planetary gear trains are directly connected to each other to be connected to a drive source, and other than the sun gears of the first planetary gear train close to the drive source. The elements are directly connected to the elements other than the sun gear of the second planetary gear train, and the remaining elements of the first planetary gear train are connected to the elements of the first planetary gear train other than the sun gear of the second planetary gear train by the first clutch. The winch drive device according to claim 3, wherein the directly connected elements are fixed by a second clutch, and the remaining elements of the second planetary gear train are connected to an output shaft. 5. The carrier of the first planetary gear train and the ring gear of the second planetary gear train are directly connected, the ring gear of the first planetary gear train is by the first clutch, and the ring gear of the second planetary gear train is by the first clutch. The winch drive device according to claim 4, wherein the winch drive devices are respectively fixed by two clutches. 6. The negative clutch according to claim 4, wherein the first and second clutches are negative clutches that are braked by springs and released by supplying hydraulic pressure to a clutch cylinder. Winch drive. 7. The two clutch cylinders are for shifting 3
It is connected to a pump and a tank through a position 4 port valve and a pilot type 4 port valve connected to the shifting 3 position 4 port valve, and the pilot type 4 port valve uses a winch drive pressure as a pilot pressure and In the neutral position, the pump port is blocked and both clutch cylinders are drained regardless of the operating position of the shifting 3-position 4-port valve. 1 clutch cylinder and pump,
The winch drive device according to claim 2 or 6, wherein the second clutch cylinder and the tank are connected, and the second clutch cylinder and the pump are connected at the other operating position, and the first clutch cylinder and the tank are connected.