JPH0724977A - Sound absorbing laminate - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To provide a laminate composed of a hard transparent plate and a polyvinyl chloride composition, having a high loss coefficient and excellent soundproofing performance. A laminate comprising a film and a sheet of a polyvinyl chloride resin composition, which comprises polyvinyl chloride and a plasticizer and has a solubility parameter difference of 0 to ± 2 or less, and a hard transparent plate.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laminate of a film or sheet of a vinyl chloride composition excellent in vibration energy absorption performance and a hard transparent plate, and a sound absorbing material composed of the laminate and having a good sound absorbing property. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a laminated glass is generally known in which a plasticized polyvinyl butyral film, a polyurethane film, an intermediate film represented by ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and the like are laminated between glass plates facing each other for the purpose of soundproofing. There is. It is said that such an interlayer film exhibits soundproofing performance by converting vibrational energy into heat energy, and is particularly effective in lowering the soundproofing performance resulting from the coincidence effect. The coincidence effect means that when a sound wave is incident on the glass, a transverse wave is conducted on the glass surface due to the rigidity and inertia of the glass.
This is a phenomenon in which the transverse wave and the incident sound resonate with each other, resulting in sound transmission. Therefore, the higher the efficiency of converting the vibration energy into the heat energy, the more effective the soundproof performance is, and the less the sound is transmitted at the coincidence frequency.

The primary evaluation of the soundproofing performance of these interlayer films is a loss coefficient of a laminate in which the interlayer film is laminated between two glass plates (this loss coefficient measurement uses a resonance method by central vibration. This is a method of detecting the mechanical impedance at the central excitation point and calculating the loss coefficient from the frequency and the half width showing the peak of the impedance curve in the vibration mode.). Therefore, as a necessary condition for the interlayer film having high soundproof performance, the larger the loss coefficient, the more preferable. The loss coefficient shows the highest value in the temperature range exceeding the glass transition point, and generally the soundproofing performance is improved in that temperature range. Since polyvinyl chloride has a glass transition temperature of 87 ° C, it has a low loss coefficient in the normal temperature range and, therefore, a low soundproofing effect.

Generally, a plasticizer is blended and adjusted to set such a glass transition point in a normal temperature range. Examples of the plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride resin include various phthalic acid esters, for example, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, diheptyl phthalate,
Butyl benzyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate and the like, fatty acid (dibasic) esters such as dioctyl adipate, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl sebacate, methyl acetyl ricinoleate and maleic acid esters such as diethyl Maleates, dibutyl maleates, dioctyl maleates, etc., such as fumaric acid esters, dibutyl fumarate, dioctyl fumarate, etc., dimethyl oxalate, dimethyl malonate, etc. are known.

[0005]

The loss factor of a polyvinyl chloride resin composition prepared by blending the above-mentioned plasticizer so that a glass transition point exists in the normal temperature range is inherently possessed by polyvinyl chloride itself. The value is lower than the existing loss coefficient, and the soundproof performance is not exhibited. This is because the loss coefficient decreases as the amount of plasticizer added increases, but the polyvinyl chloride resin composition to which such a plasticizer has been added has not yet been able to solve the decrease in soundproofing performance at the coincidence frequency.

As a means for solving this problem, various plasticizers have been used in combination, but it is unclear what kind of plasticizer is added to give a higher loss coefficient, and polyvinyl chloride is used. The method of selecting the plasticizer to be blended with was not yet clarified.

[0007]

In order to obtain a transparent laminate having high soundproof performance, the present inventor has found that a polyvinyl chloride resin composition to be laminated on a hard transparent plate is a plastic compound to be blended with polyvinyl chloride. As a result of diligent research on the selection method of the agent, there is a contact point that exhibits the best loss factor between the solubility parameter (sp value) of polyvinyl chloride and the sp value of the plasticizer to be used, and both sp values are the most When close (0 ±
2), and found that it exhibits soundproofing performance that exceeds the heat energy conversion efficiency of the original resin itself. The present invention relates to the following laminated body based on this finding and the use of the laminated body as a sound absorbing material.

A laminate of a rigid transparent plate and a film or sheet of a polyvinyl chloride resin composition, wherein the polyvinyl chloride resin composition contains polyvinyl chloride and a plasticizer and has a solubility parameter (sp value) of them. A laminate having a difference of 0 to ± 2.

In the present invention, the solubility parameter (s
The p value) is calculated using the heat of evaporation. For example, polyvinyl chloride with a degree of polymerization of 800 has an sp value of 20.32. Therefore, a plasticizer having an sp value of 20.32 ± 2 is used as a plasticizer to be added to this polyvinyl chloride. Examples of such plasticizers include dimethyl phthalate (sp value 21.9) and dibutyl maleate (sp value 1
There is 8.4). It is also possible to use a combination of two or more plasticizers in which the average sp value of the plurality of plasticizers is 20.32 ± 2. Examples of plasticizers other than the above which can be used in such a combination include dioctyl phthalate (sp value 16.2), diisodecyl phthalate (sp value 14.7), dimethyl malonate (sp value 22.
5) and dimethyl oxalate (sp value 22.5). Dimethyl phthalate is most preferable as the plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride having a degree of polymerization of 800.

The blending amount of the plasticizer with respect to polyvinyl chloride is preferably 5 to 60 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 40 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride.

The polyvinyl chloride may be a homopolymer of vinyl chloride or a copolymer containing vinyl chloride as a main monomer. Copolymerization monomers include, for example, vinyl acetate and olefins, and their copolymerization ratio to vinyl chloride is 40% by weight or less, especially 20% by weight.
The following are preferred. The degree of polymerization of polyvinyl chloride is 500-
1500 is suitable, and 600 to 1000 is particularly preferable.

The polyvinyl chloride resin composition may contain other compounding agents in addition to the polyvinyl chloride and the plasticizer. Other compounding agents include, for example, stabilizers,
Lubricants, UV absorbers, colorants, fillers, etc. The film or sheet produced from this polyvinyl chloride resin composition is preferably transparent. Therefore, it is preferable not to use a compounding agent that hinders transparency.
The thickness of the polyvinyl chloride resin composition film or sheet is not particularly limited, but 0.01 to 10 mm, particularly
0.1 to 1 mm is preferable.

The hard transparent plate is preferably a glass plate, but is not limited to this, and a hard transparent resin plate having good transparency such as polycarbonate or polymethylmethacrylate may be used. Further, this hard transparent plate may be a laminate of two or more layers. The laminate may have a resin layer which is not a hard transparent resin other than the film or sheet of the polyvinyl chloride resin composition. Although the thickness of the hard transparent plate is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0.1 to 20 mm, particularly preferably 0.5 to 10 mm.

The laminate of the present invention is a laminate having at least one hard transparent plate layer and a film or sheet layer of the above polyvinyl chloride resin composition. It may be a laminated body composed of one layer each, or may be a laminated body composed of three or more layers in which these two layers are alternately laminated. Preferably, it is a laminate having a three-layer structure comprising two hard transparent plate layers and a film or sheet layer of the polyvinyl chloride resin composition present in between.

The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0016]

【Example】

[Example 1] 25 parts by weight of dimethyl phthalate as a plasticizer was added to 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride having a degree of polymerization of 800,
3 parts by weight of a tin stabilizer was blended. Roll kneading was carried out at 170 ° C. for 10 minutes and pressing was carried out at 140 ° C. for 5 minutes to obtain a film having a thickness of 0.3 mm. This film was sandwiched between two glass plates having a thickness of 3 mm and cut into 25 mm x 300 mm strips to prepare test pieces. The maximum value of the loss coefficient at 20 ° C. of this test body was measured. As a result, the maximum loss coefficient was 0.813.

[Example 2] Polyvinyl chloride having a degree of polymerization of 800
Dimethyl phthalate as a plasticizer for 100 parts by weight
Using the same polyvinyl chloride resin composition as in Example 1 except that 18 parts by weight and 7 parts by weight of dioctyl phthalate were blended,
The same test as in Example 1 was performed. As a result, the maximum loss factor was 0.863.

[Example 3] Polyvinyl chloride having a degree of polymerization of 800
The same test as in Example 1 was conducted using the same polyvinyl chloride resin composition as in Example 1 except that 7 parts by weight of diisodecyl phthalate and 18 parts by weight of dimethyl oxalate were mixed as the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight. It was As a result, the maximum loss factor was 0.750.

Comparative Example 1 The same test as in Example 1 was conducted using the same polyvinyl chloride resin composition as in Example 1 except that 25 parts by weight of dioctyl phthalate was used as a plasticizer. As a result, the maximum loss factor was 0.302.

Comparative Example 2 The same test as in Example 1 was conducted using the same polyvinyl chloride resin composition as in Example 1 except that 25 parts by weight of dibutyl maleate was used as the plasticizer. As a result, the maximum loss factor was 0.534.

Comparative Example 3 The same test as in Example 1 was conducted using the same polyvinyl chloride resin composition as in Example 1 except that 25 parts by weight of diisodecyl phthalate was used as a plasticizer. As a result, the maximum loss factor was 0.353.

[0022]

The sp value of the plasticizer is the sp
By adjusting the value as close as possible to the value, it is possible to increase the loss coefficient of the laminate composed of the hard transparent plate and the film or sheet of the polyvinyl chloride resin composition, and to improve the efficiency of converting vibration energy into heat energy. It has become possible to obtain a laminate having high, that is, high soundproof performance.

Continuation of the front page (72) Hiroyuki Watanabe Inventor Hiroyuki Watanabe 1150 Hazawa-machi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. Central Research Laboratory

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A laminate of a hard transparent plate and a film or sheet of a polyvinyl chloride resin composition, wherein the polyvinyl chloride resin composition contains polyvinyl chloride and a plasticizer, and their solubility parameters (sp value). ) The difference is 0 to ± 2 or less, a laminate. 2. A plasticizer comprising two or more kinds, and the average s thereof.
The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the p value and the sp value of polyvinyl chloride is within 0 to ± 2. 3. A polyvinyl chloride resin composition having an sp value of about 20.
2. The laminate according to claim 1, which contains 5 to 60 parts by weight of dimethyl phthalate per 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride. 4. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the hard transparent plate is a glass plate. 5. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the laminate is a laminate composed of two hard transparent plates and a film or sheet of a polyvinyl chloride resin composition present between them. 6. A sound absorbing material comprising the laminate according to claim 1.