JPH07269367A - Crankshaftless and valveless four cycle engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To dispense with a valve system, a flywheel and a crankshaft and make an engine small in size and light in weight by composing it so as to have a plurality of pistons make reciprocating motion along parabolic grooves provided in an endless shape in a cylinder wall. CONSTITUTION:A parabolic groove 8 having respective two recesses and protrusions alternately is provided on the inner side of an outer cylinder 1 covering its entire circumference and a hexagonal piston rod receiver 6 is fitted slidably in the groove 8. An inner cylinder 3 provided with four cylinders on the identical circle is placed inside the outer cylinder 1 provided with a intake hole 11 and an exhaust hole 12 on its upper cover plate 1a and the inner cylinder 3 is rotatably supported inside the outer cylinder 1 by an output shaft 9. Respective cylinders 4 are fitted with respective pistons 5 in a manner capable of making reciprocating motion freely and respective piston rods 5a are connected to respective piston rod receivers 6 fitted with a hexagonal sliding part 14 in the inner cylinder 3. Thus, inner cylinders 3 are rotated by driving respective pistons 5 at a phase shifted by one stroke and power is obtained through the output shaft 9.

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for operating a four-cycle internal combustion engine used in automobiles, pumps, compressors, etc. without a crankshaft and a valve. In a conventional 4-cycle engine, a crankshaft or the like is required to change the reciprocating motion of a valve device, a valve operating mechanism or a piston into a rotary motion during intake and exhaust processes, so that the structure is complicated, large-sized, and heavy. It was something that had to be weighed. The present invention provides an internal combustion engine as described below to solve the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks and problems. The internal combustion engine of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical outer cylinder, and an upper upper cover plate 1a is appropriately formed with an intake port 11 and an exhaust port 12, respectively. Reference numeral 3 is an inner cylinder in which an output shaft 9 in the vertical direction is integrally fixed at its center through the upper plate 3a.
Four cylinders 4 are vertically hung downward on the same circle centered on the output shaft 9 of each of the cylinders 4.
Piston rods 5a are connected to the inner pistons 5, respectively. Further, hexagonal piston rod receiver sliding movement portions 14 are vertically provided on the lower plate 3b so that the hexagonal piston rod receivers 6 can be fitted therein. The parabolic groove 8 is provided inside the outer cylinder 1e, and two convex portions and two concave portions are alternately provided at regular intervals between 360 degrees in FIG. 5f.
5 and FIG. 5, when the cylinder 4 is at the position shown in FIG. 2A, the parabolic groove 8 is located at the position shown in FIG. 5A. That is, it becomes a convex portion, a concave portion in FIG. 5B in the case of FIG. 2B, a convex portion in FIG. 2C, and a concave portion in the position of FIG. 5D in FIG. , Has become. This is fitted to the piston rod receiving rod 6a, and the vertical bearings 10 and 10 of the output shaft 9 are fitted.
It is rotatably mounted by being supported by. And 1
The inner cylinder 3 rotates in one cycle performed by the pistons 5 of each of the four cylinders 4 which are staggered, and rotational energy is obtained by the output shaft 9. That is, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention and the device will be described. First, in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, the cylinders a and c are located at a position where the piston 5 is slightly lowered from the top dead center, and the cylinders b and c. Are arranged such that the pistons 5 are located at positions slightly higher than the immortal point. That is, when the inner cylinder 3 integrated with the output shaft 9 makes one revolution in the outer cylinder 1, the pistons 5 of the four cylinders 4 are displaced by one stroke each, and the pistons 5 are reciprocated by two strokes (four strokes).
1 cycle.
In Figs. 2 and 5, the upper end opening of the cylinder 4a communicates with the suction port 11 to start the suction stroke A, the suction stroke B to the start stroke, and the c to the explosion stroke C to start the stroke. In the same D, the upper end opening is in communication with the exhaust port 12, and the exhaust stroke D is in the starting state. Then, in the c of the cylinder 4, the piston 5 is pushed downward by the combustion gas of high temperature and high pressure due to the explosive combustion, and this movement is transmitted to the piston rod receiver 6 for mechanical work, that is, the piston at one end of the piston rod receiver 6 Although the rod receiving rod 6a descends and pushes the parabolic groove 8 of the outer cylinder 1e downward, since the outer casing 1e, that is, the groove 8 is fixed, the piston rod receiving rod 6a has the parabolic groove 8
It moves to the left direction (Fig. 5) while being guided down to and descending. At that time, the piston rod receiver 6 is the piston rod receiver rod 6
Since it is fixed to a, it moves down in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 2 because it descends while pushing the piston rod receiving / sliding portion 14 (portion 14 in FIGS. 3 and 4) of the inner cylinder 3. ,
The inner cylinder 3 is rotated clockwise in the outer cylinder 1. Further, the sliding learning portion 14 of the piston rod receiver shown in FIG. 4 is a hexagonal type, and the roller bearing 14a is attached,
The vertical sliding motion of the piston rod receiver 6 is smoothed, and the lateral force received from the piston rod receiver rod 6a is properly transmitted to the piston rod receiver sliding portion 14 to be converted into the smooth rotational motion of the inner cylinder 3. At this time, in the case of the cylinder 4, the mixed gas of fuel and air is sequentially sucked into the cylinder 4 from the suction port 11 as the piston 5 descends to the bottom dead center. As it goes up, the mixed gas is compressed by the piston 5, and the pressure and temperature gradually go up. In the same way, as it goes up to the top dead center of the psiton 5, the combustion gas exhaust port 1
It is sequentially discharged into the atmosphere from 2. Then, the inner cylinder 3 makes 90 degrees (1/4 rotation), so that each of the four cylinders 4 completes one stroke and moves to the next stroke. That is, the cylinder A is the next intake stroke A.
Then, the same b goes to the next compression stroke B, the same ha to the next explosion stroke C, and the second to the next exhaust stroke D, respectively.
In the c of the cylinder 4, the piston 5 is pushed downward by the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas to cause the piston rod receiver 6 to perform mechanical work and rotate the inner cylinder 3. When the cylinder 3 rotates 90 degrees (1/4 rotation), each cylinder 4 moves to the next stroke, and each cylinder 4 has 1 cycle (4 strokes) with the piston 5 displaced by 1 stroke. When it is carried out, it makes one rotation together with the inner cylinder, and by repeating this in sequence, the inner cylinder 3 can continuously rotate and obtain a rotary motion by the output shaft 9. In the figure, 13 is an ignition plug, The piston 5 of each cylinder 4 has a compression stroke B.
When it reaches the vicinity of the top dead center, a spark is emitted by the ignition plug 13 and the mixed gas is ignited to explode and burn so as to explode and burn. Further, although omitted in the above embodiment of the drawings. If necessary, a bearing such as a radial bearing or a thrust bearing is mounted on the rotary sliding portion between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 1, and sliding of the upper end opening of each cylinder 4 with the upper cover plate 1a of the outer cylinder 1. A ring seal or the like is provided on each surface for convenience. The internal cylinder 3 is configured in the above-described manner of the internal combustion engine of the present invention, and the internal cylinder 3 is formed in one cycle (4 strokes) performed by the pistons 5 of the four cylinders 4 which are integrated with the internal cylinder 3 and are staggered by one stroke. Since one rotation is performed and rotational energy is obtained by the output shaft 9, there is an effect that a valve device and a valve operating mechanism are unnecessary, the structure is simple, the size can be reduced, and the cost can be provided at low cost. Further, due to the pressure generated by the explosive combustion of the mixed gas, the piston 5, the piston rod 5a,
The piston rod receiver 6 is pushed downward in this order, and the piston rod receiver rod 6a is adapted to rotate together with the inner cylinder 3 while fitting in the groove 8 inside the outer cylinder 1. Even without a wheel, the reciprocating motion applied to the piston rod receiver, etc., is always equal, and the rotational speed can be kept equal and stable. In addition, this internal combustion engine does not require a valve operating mechanism, a flywheel, and a crank shank, as described above, and, in pumps and compressors, suction and discharge can be performed within two revolutions of the inner cylinder 3 within one rotation.
It is carried out once in a while, the discharge capacity is doubled, and it can be made significantly smaller and lighter, which is very useful for automobiles, pumps, compressors, etc.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view, FIG. 2 is an upper plan view, FIG. 3 is a lower transverse view, and 4 is a piston rod receiver 6 and a rod 6a. Fig. 5 is an enlarged plan view of a portion, Fig. 5 is an upper plan view of a pump, compressor, etc., and Fig. 6 is a plan view of the inside of the portion of Fig. 1e. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Outer cylinder, 1a ... Top cover plate, 1b ... Bottom plate, 3 ... Inner cylinder, 3a
Upper plate, 3b ... Lower plate, 4 ... Cylinder, 5 ... Piston, 5
a piston rod, 5b ... piston rod pin, 6 ... piston rod receiving, 6b ... piston rod receiving rod, 8 ... parabolic groove, 9 output shaft, 10 ... bearing, 11 ... exhaust port, 12
... Suction port, 13 spark plug, 14 ... Piston rod receiving / sliding surface, 14a ... Roller bearing of piston rod receiving / sliding part, 15 ... Discharge port, 16 ... Suction port, B ... Top dead center, B ... Bottom dead center , C ... top dead center, D ... bottom dead center, A ... inhalation stroke, B
... compression stroke, C ... explosion stroke, D ... exhaust stroke, a ... ni ... cylinder,

Claims (1)

[Claims] The concave portion and the convex portion each have two parabolic grooves 8 alternately arranged at regular intervals at two positions between the inner inner side 1e and the upper cover plate 1a.
Outer cylinder 1 provided with an intake port 11 and an exhaust port 12 as needed
The output shaft 9 includes an inner cylinder 3 integrally formed with a centering shaft 9 in which four cylinders 4 are vertically provided at equal intervals on the same circle of an upper plate 3a.
A hexagonal sliding portion 14 for vertically moving each hexagonal piston rod receiver 6 to which each piston rod 5 is connected is mounted on the lower part of each cylinder 4 The piston rod receiving rods 6a fixed to one end of each piston rod receiving member 6 are fitted into the parabolic groove 8 respectively, and the pistons 5 of the respective cylinders 4 shifted by one stroke each perform one cycle. The inner cylinder 3 rotates once, and the output shaft 9
An internal combustion engine that obtains rotational energy.