JPH07286B2 - Vacuum pressure impregnation method for porous material and apparatus used therefor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application] The present invention relates to a porous material such as wood, paper, cardboard, and ceramics, which is impregnated with a two-liquid reaction type treatment liquid to modify the porous material. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a vacuum pressure impregnation method for a high-quality material and an apparatus used therefor.

[Conventional technology]

It is widely used to impart flame retardancy by impregnating a flame-retardant porous material such as wood or corrugated cardboard with a flame retardant and using it as a building material or furniture material. Further, it is also practiced to impregnate a casting or ceramic product with a reinforcing agent in order to have a certain strength.

As a treatment liquid used for such an impregnation treatment, a one-liquid type has been generally used, but recently, two kinds of chemical liquids are sequentially impregnated into a treatment object, and both liquids are treated inside the treatment object. A two-liquid reaction type (for example, a flame retardant in which a barium chloride liquid and a diammonium hydrogen phosphate liquid are combined, a reinforcing agent composed of a two-liquid curing emulsion, etc.) is used. As a method of impregnating wood or the like with such a two-liquid reaction type treatment liquid, for example, the following method is generally used. That is, as shown in FIG.
The wood 2 is immersed in the first treatment tank 1 containing the liquid for a predetermined time to impregnate the first liquid. Next, the wood 2 is pulled up from the treatment tank 1, and running water is applied to wash the first liquid remaining and attached to the wood 2. Then, the wood 2 is dipped in the second treatment tank 3 containing the second liquid for a predetermined time to impregnate the second liquid, and inside the layer of the wood 2, the first liquid impregnated in advance and the first liquid. The two liquids are reacted to form a reaction layer. Therefore, by pulling the wood 2 out of the treatment tank 3 and drying it, it is possible to obtain wood that has been subjected to flame retardant treatment or the like.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, according to the above-mentioned impregnation method, the wood 2 is treated according to the progress of the first liquid impregnation → washing → second liquid impregnation.
Had to be moved in sequence, which was troublesome.
Further, if the surplus first liquid adheres to the surface of the wood 2, the second liquid excessively reacts on this portion and the reaction layer becomes non-uniform. Therefore, after impregnation of the first liquid, a large amount of running water is generated. Careful cleaning was required and production efficiency was extremely poor. Moreover, since the impregnation process is carried out at normal pressure, the penetration of the liquid into the interior is shallow and it can only be applied to thin plates (1 to 3 mm).
Flame retardant treatment etc. have been desired.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and when sequentially impregnating a two-liquid reaction type processing liquid into a porous material such as wood, it is possible to perform processing in the same processing tank, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus used therefor capable of obtaining a reaction layer uniformly formed to a deep portion with a short impregnation treatment time and a residual liquid removal time after the first liquid impregnation.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first liquid and the second liquid are added to the porous material.
A method of impregnating a two-liquid reaction type treatment liquid consisting of a liquid, in which the above porous material is loaded into a treatment tank and vacuum deaeration is performed for a certain period of time, and then the porous material surface is first exposed to the periphery of the porous material. A step in which one liquid is made into a high-pressure fluid, jetted, and impregnated under pressure;
After collecting the first liquid, a step of injecting a high-pressure fluid onto the surface of the porous material to forcibly remove the excess first liquid, and a step of ejecting the second liquid as a high-pressure fluid from the periphery of the porous material to the surface of the porous material. The method of vacuum pressurizing and impregnating a porous material, which comprises a step of impregnating under pressure to react with the first liquid, is defined as a first gist, and a two-liquid reaction type in which the porous liquid is composed of a first liquid and a second liquid An apparatus for impregnating the treatment liquid, the treatment tank in which the porous material is loaded, an injection unit which is provided on the peripheral wall side in the treatment tank and injects a high-pressure fluid onto the surface of the porous material, A first liquid supply unit that pressurizes and supplies the first liquid to the jetting unit, a second liquid supply unit that pressurizes and supplies the second liquid to the jetting unit, and a surplus liquid in the porous material to the jetting unit. High-pressure fluid supply means for supplying high-pressure fluid for forcibly removing one liquid;
A vacuum pressure impregnation treatment device for a porous material, comprising: a first liquid collecting means and a second liquid collecting means for collecting the processing liquid in the processing tank; and a pressure adjusting means for depressurizing or pressurizing the inside of the processing tank. This is the second summary.

[Action]

That is, according to the present invention, when impregnating a porous material such as wood with a two-liquid reaction type treatment liquid, the first liquid impregnation and the second liquid impregnation are performed in the same treatment tank. Subsequent residual liquid removal is performed by injecting a high-pressure fluid toward the porous material in the processing tank. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to consistently perform the treatments of the first liquid impregnation → the first liquid removal → the second liquid impregnation (reaction) while the porous material is still loaded in the same treatment tank. Also, since the surplus first liquid on the surface of the porous material can be effectively removed in a short time by jetting the high-pressure fluid, it is possible to realize a great improvement in processing efficiency. Further, in the first liquid impregnation and the second liquid impregnation, the inside of the treatment tank is depressurized before the impregnation and the inside of the treatment tank is pressurized after the impregnation so that the treatment liquid permeates deep inside the porous material. Even with a thick porous material, the reaction layer can be sufficiently formed up to the core. Moreover, since the above-mentioned pressure acts directly on the surface of the porous material,
The treatment liquid can be penetrated deep inside the porous material with a small force. In addition, in the first liquid impregnation and the second liquid impregnation, since a high-pressure fluid is supplied to each treatment liquid by jetting from around the porous material, a large amount of treatment liquid is stored in each liquid treatment tank. Compared to impregnating the treatment liquid with wood or the like, the consumption amount of the treatment liquid can be significantly reduced, so that the chemical liquid can be saved and energy can be saved. Further, in the apparatus of the present invention, the injection means for supplying the first liquid, the injection means for supplying the second liquid, and the injection means for supplying the high-pressure fluid for forcibly removing the surplus first liquid are all the same. Since it has a structure shared by the injection means of
The equipment structure is simple and the equipment cost is relatively low.

Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on examples.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the impregnation treatment apparatus of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 20 is a horizontal cylindrical processing tank in which the inner tank 21 is loaded in the horizontal direction. twenty two
Is an inner tank placement guide provided at predetermined intervals. Also,
Reference numeral 23 is a spray nozzle for injecting a treatment liquid for impregnation or high-pressure water or high-pressure air toward the upper, lower, left and right sides of the loaded porous material, and as shown in FIG.
The jetting fluid is arranged in the processing bath 20 at predetermined intervals so that the jetting fluid can be sufficiently spread to any part of the internal bath 21. Reference numeral 24 denotes a circulation pipe that connects the bottom side of the processing tank 20 and the spray nozzle 23, and includes an opening / closing valve 25 and a circulation pump 27. In the circulation pipe 24, the first of the two-liquid reaction type processing liquids is
A first liquid supply pipe 28 for supplying a liquid and a second liquid supply pipe 29 for supplying a second liquid are connected, and the supply pipe 24 is alternately turned on and off by switching the opening / closing valves 10 and 11. The first liquid or the second liquid can be supplied to the spray nozzle 23 via. Further, the circulation pipe 24 has an opening / closing valve.
A high-pressure water supply pipe 14 and a high-pressure air supply pipe are connected via 12 and 13, so that high-pressure water and high-pressure air can be supplied to the spray nozzle 23, respectively. Reference numeral 51 is a first liquid supply tank, and 52 is a second liquid supply tank. Reference numeral 53 is a drainage pipe connected to the circulation pipe 24 via an opening / closing valve 54. The jet fluid jetted from the spray nozzle 23 is
It is adapted to be repeatedly ejected from the spray nozzle 23 via the circulation pipe 24.

A pressure adjusting pipe 32 is communicated with the upper part of the processing tank 20, and a pressure reducing valve 35, a cooling trap 36 and a vacuum pump are provided via a drain removing trap 33 and a release valve 34 for preventing drain from entering. Pressure reducing pipe 38 provided with 37 and pressurizing valve 39
Is connected to a pressurizing pipe 41 which is opened and closed by means of and is communicated with a compressed air feeding means (not shown) such as a compressor.
Further, the pressure adjusting pipe 32 is provided with a pressure gauge 42, a safety valve 43, a pressure switch 44, a gauge sluice valve 45, a pressure reducer 46, and a pressure reducing switch 47.

As the inner tank 21 loaded in the processing tank 20, for example, an inner tank 21 which is entirely composed of a wire mesh and whose inside is divided into multiple shelves made of a wire mesh is used. As shown in FIG. 3, a porous material 50 such as wood is placed inside the inner tank 21 and loaded into the processing tank 20.

Using the above apparatus, the impregnation treatment of the porous material can be performed, for example, as follows. That is, first, the processing tank 20
The inner tank 21 containing the porous material 50 is loaded therein, and the open / close lid is closed to seal it. Next, the vacuum pump 37 connected to the pressure adjusting pipe 32 is operated to open the pressure reducing valve 35 to set the inside of the processing tank 20 to 1
After making a vacuum of about 200 Torr and maintaining it for a predetermined time, close the pressure reducing valve 35 and stop the vacuum pump 37 and open / close the valve.
10 is opened, and a predetermined amount of the first liquid is supplied from the first liquid supply tank 51 to the processing tank 20 via the pipe 28 by utilizing the differential pressure. Then, the on-off valve 10 is closed and the on-off valve 25 is opened, the circulation pump 27 is operated, the first liquid is supplied to the spray nozzle 23, and is sprayed from the upper, lower, left and right sides of the inner tank 21. Liquid injection pressure is
Set to about 1.5 to 3 kg / cm ² . As a result, the first liquid is sprayed toward the surface of the porous material 50 in the inner tank 21 in the form of mist. Then, a part thereof is impregnated into the porous material 50, and the rest flows down and is sprayed from the bottom through the circulation pipe 24 and again from the spray nozzle 23. By repeating this for a predetermined time, the first liquid gradually penetrates into the porous material 50. After maintaining this state for a predetermined time, the pressurizing valve 39 connected to the pressure adjusting pipe 32 is opened to pressurize the inside of the processing tank 20 to a predetermined pressure. By this pressurization, the first liquid that has penetrated into the porous material 50 penetrates deeper into the inside. Next, the on-off valve 10 is opened to remove the first liquid remaining in the processing tank 20 into the first liquid by using the differential pressure.
The liquid is collected in the liquid supply tank 51. Next, the high pressure air supply pipe 13
High pressure air is supplied from the inner tank via the spray nozzle 23.
Fire from the top, bottom, left and right of 21. The jet pressure of air at this time is set to ⁸ to 15 kg / cm ² . With this jet of air, the inner tank
Most of the surplus first liquid remaining on the surface of the porous material 50 in 21 is blown off and drops downward from the mesh of the inner tank 21.
At this time, the first liquid adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the processing tank 20 and the piping such as the spray nozzle 23 is also blown off at the same time and drops downward. The surplus first liquid dropped to the bottom of the processing tank 20 in this manner is recovered from the drainage pipe 53 and reused. Then, this time, high-pressure water is introduced from the high-pressure water supply pipe 14 and sprayed from above, below, left and right of the inner tank 21 via the spray nozzle 23. The water injection pressure at this time is set to ² to 5 kg / cm ² . While circulating this water jet as in the case of the first liquid,
The excess first liquid that cannot be removed even by the high pressure air is completely washed. Also at this time, the inner peripheral surface of the processing tank 20 and each pipe can be simultaneously cleaned. Next, high pressure air is again introduced from the high pressure air supply pipe 15, and the spray nozzle 23
Water and the first liquid are completely blown off and removed from the surface of the porous material 50 wetted by the high-pressure water. The air injection pressure is set to ⁸ to 15 kg / cm ² as in the above case.

Next, the on-off valve 54 of the drainage pipe 53 is closed, the pressure inside the treatment tank 20 is reduced in the same manner as in the case of the first liquid impregnation, and the treatment tank 20 is passed from the second liquid supply tank 52 through the pipe 29. After supplying a predetermined amount of the second liquid therein by utilizing the differential pressure, the circulation pump 27 is operated to circulate and eject the second liquid from the spray nozzle 23.
The liquid amount and the injection pressure from the spray nozzle 23 are the same as those in the case of the first liquid. In this way, the porous material 50 in the inner tank 21 can be impregnated with the second liquid. This allows
The first liquid previously impregnated inside the porous material 50 reacts with the second liquid to form a reaction layer inside the porous material 50. After the second liquid circulating jet is maintained for a predetermined time, the second liquid is further infiltrated to the inside by pressurizing the inside of the processing tank 20 in the same manner as after impregnating the first liquid. Next, the on-off valve 11 is opened and the second liquid remaining in the processing tank 20 is recovered in the second liquid supply tank 52 by utilizing the differential pressure. Then, in the same manner as after the impregnation with the first liquid, the high pressure air is first jetted from the spray nozzle 23 to blow off the surplus second liquid, and then the high pressure water is jetted to wash the surface of the porous material, and the high pressure air is further removed. Inject to completely blow out unreacted residual liquid. Of course, the inner peripheral surface of the processing tank 20 and each pipe are cleaned by this series of injection of the high-pressure fluid. Then, the opening / closing lid is opened, and the inner tank 21 is taken out and dried, whereby the intended impregnated product can be obtained. The progress of the series of processing steps is briefly shown in FIG.

Thus, according to the impregnation method, the porous material 50,
Since the first liquid and the second liquid are repeatedly jetted for impregnation, a uniform impregnation treatment can be performed in a short time with a treatment liquid of a significantly smaller amount than in the conventional case. In addition, the processing efficiency of the first liquid impregnation → the first liquid removal → the second liquid impregnation (reaction) can be consistently performed while the porous material 50 is still loaded in the same processing tank 20, resulting in good work efficiency. . Moreover, by injecting high-pressure air and high-pressure water alternately onto the surface of the porous material 50 after impregnating the first liquid, the surplus first liquid can be effectively removed from the surface of the porous material 50 in a short time. it can. Further, in the first liquid impregnation and the second liquid impregnation, the inside of the treatment tank 20 is decompressed before the impregnation, and the inside of the treatment tank 20 is pressurized after the impregnation so that the treatment liquid permeates deep inside the porous material 50. In this case, even the thick porous material can be impregnated to the core. For example, in the conventional method, impregnation treatment can be performed only on a thin plate of about 1 to 3 mm, according to the above method,
Even with a thick plate of 5 mm or more, the core portion could be sufficiently impregnated. In addition, when impregnating the first liquid and the second liquid, since the first liquid and the second liquid are made into high-pressure fluids and jetted from the surface of the porous material, the first liquid and the second liquid are impregnated.
It consumes less liquid. Further, according to the above impregnation treatment apparatus, since the spray nozzle for injecting the first liquid and the second liquid as a high pressure fluid and the spray nozzle for injecting high pressure air and high pressure water are shared, the apparatus itself is relatively It's easy.

Further, in the above embodiment, the high-pressure air and high-pressure water sprayed from the spray nozzle 23 after each impregnation of the first liquid and the second liquid adhere to the inner peripheral surface of the treatment tank 20 and various pipes such as the spray nozzle 23. Will be washed in the processing tank
The reaction product of the first liquid and the second liquid does not deposit on the inner peripheral surface of the pipe 20 or the piping, and the inside of the processing tank 20 can be easily cleaned.

As the porous material 50 used in the present invention, wood,
Paper, cardboard paper, castings, ceramics moldings, grindstones,
Examples include porous materials such as bricks and bamboo materials that have shape retention properties. The shape of the inner tank 21 and the method of engaging the inner tank 21 and the processing tank 20 are not limited to those in the above embodiment, and the porous material may be used.
It is designed as appropriate according to the shape of 50. Alternatively, when the porous material 50 is a log or a large casting, it is not necessary to use the inner tank 21 in particular, and the raw material may be loaded in the processing tank 20 in the state of being exposed.

Further, as the high-pressure fluid used in the present invention, in addition to air and water in the above-mentioned embodiment, various kinds of gas such as nitrogen gas, hydrogen gas and the like, a chemical solution containing a cleaning agent, and the like can be used.

In the above example, the spray nozzle is used to remove the excess treatment liquid from the surface of the porous material 50 after the treatment liquid is impregnated.
From 23, first inject high-pressure air, then high-pressure water,
After that, high-pressure air is sprayed to remove the excess liquid, but if the excess treatment liquid can be sufficiently removed by only the high-pressure air or only the high-pressure air and the high-pressure water, There is no problem in doing so. In addition, when the remaining second liquid of the treatment liquid does not cause any particular problem, it is not necessary to remove the excess second liquid in the treatment tank 20,
You may make it take out from the processing tank 20 as it is and take it to the next process.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, when a two-liquid reaction type treatment liquid is sequentially impregnated to obtain a reaction layer, the first liquid impregnation is performed while the porous material is still loaded in the same treatment tank. The process of removing the first liquid → impregnating (reacting) the second liquid can be performed consistently, resulting in good work efficiency. Moreover, since the high-pressure fluid is jetted onto the surface of the porous material after the first liquid is impregnated, the excess first liquid can be effectively removed from the surface of the porous material in a short time. Further, the inside of the treatment tank is depressurized before the impregnation of the treatment liquid, and the inside of the treatment tank is pressurized after the impregnation so that the treatment liquid permeates deep inside the porous material. Since the reaction layer is formed up to the core of the porous material, a thick object can be sufficiently impregnated. In addition, since the treatment liquid is impregnated into the porous material by injecting the treatment liquid from the periphery of the porous material to the surface of the porous material as a high-pressure fluid, the consumption of the treatment liquid can be significantly reduced. Therefore, the chemical solution can be saved and energy saving can be realized. Further, according to the apparatus of the present invention, the spray nozzle for ejecting each treatment liquid as a high-pressure fluid and ejecting the same and the spray nozzle for ejecting the high-pressure fluid for removing the surplus first liquid are commonly used. The structure of is sufficient, and the equipment cost is relatively low.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an impregnating apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part thereof, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an inner tank used in the above embodiment, and FIG. Is a process diagram showing the process of the impregnation method of the above-mentioned embodiment, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the conventional impregnation method of a porous material. 14 …… High pressure water supply pipe, 15 …… High pressure air supply pipe, 20…
… Treatment tank, 21 …… Inner tank, 23 …… Spray nozzle, 24 ……
Circulation pipe, 28 …… First liquid supply pipe, 29 …… Second liquid supply pipe, 32 …… Pressure adjusting pipe, 38 …… Decompression pipe, 42 …… Pressurization pipe, 50 …… Porous material, 51… … First liquid supply tank, 52 ……
Second liquid supply tank, 53 ... Drainage pipe

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for impregnating a porous material with a two-liquid reaction type processing liquid comprising a first liquid and a second liquid, which comprises loading the porous material in a processing tank and vacuum degassing for a certain period of time. After that, the step of injecting the first liquid as a high-pressure fluid from the periphery of the porous material to the surface of the porous material for pressure impregnation, and after recovering the first liquid, injecting the high-pressure fluid to the surface of the porous material. And a step of forcibly removing the surplus first liquid, and a step of injecting the second liquid into a high-pressure fluid from the periphery of the porous material to the surface of the porous material, injecting it under pressure, and reacting with the first liquid. A method of vacuum pressure impregnation of a porous material, comprising: 2. The method of vacuum pressure impregnation of a porous material according to claim 1, wherein the high pressure fluid is at least one of a high pressure gas and a high pressure liquid. 3. An apparatus for impregnating a porous material with a two-liquid reaction type processing liquid comprising a first liquid and a second liquid, comprising a processing tank in which the porous material is loaded, and a processing tank in the processing tank. A jetting means that is provided on the peripheral wall side and jets a high-pressure fluid onto the surface of the porous material, a first liquid supply means that pressurizes and supplies the first liquid to the jetting means, and a second liquid is added to the jetting means. Second liquid supply means for supplying pressure, high-pressure fluid supply means for supplying high-pressure fluid for forcibly removing the surplus first liquid in the porous material to the injection means, and recovering the processing liquid in the processing tank A vacuum pressure impregnation treatment apparatus for a porous material, comprising: a first liquid recovery means and a second liquid recovery means for controlling the pressure, and a pressure control means for reducing or pressurizing the inside of the processing tank.