JPH0735480A - Garbage processor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] When the air used for drying is decomposed by heating in a deodorizing furnace, soot and odor are eliminated and the amount of heat exchange with the hot air used for drying is increased. [Constitution] A drying container 3 for drying food waste, a deodorizing furnace 7 having a burner 6, a first heat exchanger 8 formed around the deodorizing furnace 7, a burner 6 and a first heat exchanger 8 A combustion air supply pipe 22 and a drying air supply pipe 23 for supplying air to the air, a hot air supply pipe 19 connecting the drying container 3 and the first heat exchanger 8, an exhaust of the deodorizing furnace 7 and a drying container 3 A second heat exchanger 9 for exchanging heat with the exhaust gas, a drying air discharge pipe 20 for supplying the exhaust gas of the drying container 3 to the deodorizing furnace 7 via the second heat exchanger 9, and a front face of the burner 6 are provided. Combustion tube 3 installed
7 and 7.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Field of Industrial Application] The present invention aims to reduce the volume and weight of food waste such as leftover food from food factories, hotels, restaurants, employee cafeterias, apartments, etc., and prevent the food waste from spoiling. Further, the present invention relates to a food waste processing device for reusing food waste as a raw material such as fertilizer and feed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, food waste such as leftover foods has problems such as occurrence of decay on the user side, increase of garbage storage area, and increase of collection fee of a processing company. There are problems such as increase in collection and transportation costs, labor shortage, etc. Furthermore, local governments also have problems such as incinerator and landfill countermeasures, and the reduction of volume and reduction of garbage becomes a major issue. ing.

A conventional food waste processing device will be described with reference to FIG. 5. The food waste processing device is roughly composed of a hopper 51 for inputting food waste, a food waste supply device 52, a drying container 53, and a burner 5.
4, a deodorizing furnace 55, a first heat exchanger 56, a second heat exchanger 57, and a blower fan 58. Hopper 51
The opening / closing lid 59 is provided, and the drying container 53 is provided with a rotating shaft 60 driven by an electric motor (not shown) and a stirring member 61 provided on the rotating shaft 60. Drying container 53
A waste container 62 is attached to the lower part of the
3 are provided.

When the burner 54 and the blower fan 58 are operated, outside air is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 64 in the first heat exchanger 56.
It is heated by the air passing therethrough, is supplied into the drying container 53 through the hot air supply pipe 65, and is supplied as primary air to the burner 54 through the combustion air supply pipe 67. The hot air is adiabatically cooled by coming into contact with the food waste in the drying container 53, and the moist air that has absorbed the water content of the food waste is sent to the second heat exchanger 57 via the drying air discharge pipe 66, where After being heated by the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust pipe 64, the secondary air is sent to the burner 54. This secondary air is
In the deodorization furnace 55, the odor contained in the secondary air is decomposed by heating and used as combustion air, and is exhausted to the outside. On the other hand, the food waste is put into the hopper 51, crushed and dehydrated by the food waste supply device 52, and then the food waste is sent into the drying container 53, and the stirring member 61 is placed in the drying container 53.
The food waste that has been stirred by and dried in the drying container 53 is stored in the garbage storage container 62 by opening the opening / closing lid 63.

By the way, the food waste is a mixture of various foods, and the factors of spoilage and odor generation thereof differ depending on the water activity aw of each food. Here, the water activity aw is aw = water vapor pressure of food / saturated water vapor pressure of air. It is said that it is preferable to dry so that the water activity aw becomes about 0.2 to 0.6. This is because if the water activity is too low, the deterioration of the lipid is promoted by the oxidation of the lipid. Therefore, it is necessary to dry so that the water activity becomes a predetermined value. Therefore, the combustion amount of the deodorizing furnace 55 is controlled so that the inlet temperature T _IN of the drying container 53 becomes constant, and the dry state is grasped by the outlet temperature T _OUT of the drying container 53.

This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 shows a moist air diagram, where t is the dry-bulb temperature (° C.) and X is the absolute humidity (x
g / kg Air), ψ indicates relative humidity (%).
For example, if the water activity of food waste is dried to 0.3, the relative humidity of the humid air at the outlet of the drying container 53 is set to 30.
You can set it to%. For example, if the temperature of the outside air is 30 ° C. and the relative humidity is 80% (point A in the figure), this is heated to 120 ° C. along the iso-absolute humidity line B by the first heat exchanger 56 (see the figure). (Point C), inside the drying container 53, the air is cooled along the adiabatic cooling line D and becomes saturated air at point E at 40 ° C. in a steady state. When the garbage is dried and the water activity decreases, the outlet air temperature rises and the relative humidity crosses 30%.
5 ° C. is the outlet temperature of the drying container 53. That is, in order to set the water activity of raw garbage to 0.3, the drying may be terminated when the outlet temperature of the drying container 53 reaches the temperature of point F.

[0007]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional food waste processing apparatus, in the deodorizing furnace 55, for example, the inside of the deodorizing furnace 55 is heated at the outlet to a temperature of 500 to 600 ° C. 200 in 1 heat exchanger 56
In the case of recovering heat of about 300 ° C., the temperature of the secondary air supplied from the drying air exhaust pipe 66 to the deodorizing furnace 55 is 30.
Since it is as low as 0 to 400 ° C., it has a problem that it is cooled at the interface between the burner flame and the secondary air, soot and odor are easily generated, and the heat exchange amount is low due to deterioration of combustion.

The present invention solves the above problems and eliminates the generation of soot and odor when the air used for drying is decomposed by heating in a deodorizing furnace.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a food waste processing device capable of increasing the amount of heat exchange with the hot air used for drying.

[0009]

For this purpose, the apparatus for treating food waste according to the present invention comprises a drying container 3 for drying food waste, a deodorizing furnace 7 having a burner 6, and a first device formed around the deodorizing furnace 7. Heat exchanger 8 and burner 6 and first heat exchanger 8
A combustion air supply pipe 22 and a drying air supply pipe 23 for supplying air to the air, a hot air supply pipe 19 connecting the drying container 3 and the first heat exchanger 8, an exhaust of the deodorizing furnace 7 and a drying container 3 A second heat exchanger 9 for exchanging heat with exhaust gas, and a drying container 3
It is characterized in that it is provided with a drying air discharge pipe 20 for supplying the exhaust gas of No. 1 to the deodorizing furnace 7 through the second heat exchanger 9 and a combustion cylinder 37 arranged in front of the burner 6. It should be noted that the numbers added to the above-mentioned configurations are for comparison with the drawings in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and the configurations of the present invention are not limited thereby.

[0010]

In the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG.
The combustion flame generated by the burner 6 is maintained in the combustion tube 37 in the deodorizing furnace 7, is not mixed with the relatively low temperature secondary air supplied from the dry air discharge pipe 20, and the high temperature combustion air is generated in the combustion tube 37. After exiting from the opening end, it is mixed with the relatively low temperature secondary air supplied from the dry air exhaust pipe 20 and exhausted from the exhaust pipe 21, so that soot and odor in the deodorization furnace 7 are eliminated, and The heat exchange amount of the first heat exchanger 8 can be increased by the radiant heat from the combustion cylinder 37.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a food waste processing device according to the present invention. The food waste processing device according to the present invention is roughly composed of a hopper 1 for inputting food waste, a food waste supply device 2, a drying container 3, a filter 4, a food waste container 5, a deodorizing furnace 7 having a burner 6, and a deodorizing furnace 7. It is composed of a first heat exchanger 8, a second heat exchanger 9, a blower fan 10, a fuel tank 11, a fuel pump 12, an ignition device 13, and a control device 14, which are formed in the periphery of the.

The hopper 1 for throwing in garbage has an opening / closing lid 15. A raw garbage supply device 2 having a piston 36 is attached to a lower portion of the hopper 1, and a lower portion of the raw garbage supply device 2 is connected to a drain valve 18. In the food waste supply device 2, the cylinder 33 is connected to the opening 3a on the lower side surface of the drying container 3, and the piston 36 is driven by the electric motor M1 to convey the food waste from the hopper 1 into the drying container 3. A stirring device 16 driven by an electric motor M2 is provided in the drying container 3. At the bottom of the drying container 3,
An open / close lid 17 for discharging raw garbage is provided so that dried raw garbage can be discharged into the storage container 5.

A hot air supply pipe 19 is connected to the upper part of the drying container 3, and hot air is supplied into the drying container 3 through the blower fan 10 and the first heat exchanger 8. The filter 4 and the dry air discharge pipe 20 are connected to a position facing the hot air supply pipe 19 in the upper part of the drying container 3, and the dry air is exhausted from the deodorizing furnace 7 to the exhaust pipe 21 in the second heat exchanger 9. After being heated by the exhaust gas, the air is supplied into the deodorizing furnace 7 as combustion air.

The burner 6 is supplied with fuel from a fuel tank 11 by a fuel pump 12, and is supplied with combustion air by a blower fan 10 through a combustion air supply pipe 22. Further, drying air is supplied to the first heat exchanger 8 by the blower fan 10 through the drying air supply pipe 23. The first and second heat exchangers 8 and 9, the hot air supply pipe 19 and the like are covered with a heat insulating material 27.

A flame detection sensor 24 is provided in the deodorizing furnace 7, and temperature sensors T _IN and T _OUT are provided at the inlet side and the outlet side of the drying container 3, respectively, and control devices 14 are provided respectively.
It is connected to the. Further, a sensor 25 for detecting the opening / closing of the opening / closing lid 15 of the hopper 1 and a sensor 26 for detecting the piston position of the food waste supply device 2 are provided and connected to the control device 14, respectively. The sensor 25 has an opening / closing lid 15.
When is not closed, it plays a role of stopping operation or prohibiting starting. This is because the air leaks from the hopper 1 when the opening / closing lid 15 is open, the pressure balance of the air is disturbed, an appropriate amount of combustion air is not supplied to the burner section, and odor, soot, CO, HC, etc. are generated. Because it does.
Further, the sensor 26 sets the moving range of the piston 36, and the supply amount of the food waste is set by changing the operating time of the piston per time.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a concrete structure of the food waste processing apparatus in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2A is a front view showing the inside.
Drawing (B) and Drawing (C) are figures seen from the B direction and the C direction of Drawing (A), respectively. The same components as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In the figure, 30 is a housing, 31 is a speed reducer for the electric motor M2, and 32 is a transmission belt or chain for transmitting the power of the electric motor M1 to the food waste feeder 2.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the deodorizing furnace according to the present invention. An outer cylinder 8a is arranged around the outer circumference of the inner cylinder 7a forming the deodorizing furnace 7, and a first heat exchanger 8 is formed between the inner cylinder 7a and the outer cylinder 8a.
A drying air supply pipe 23 and a hot air supply pipe 19 are connected to the first heat exchanger 8. A burner mounting plate 7b is fixed to the openings of the inner cylinder 7a and the outer cylinder 8a.
A burner 6 and an exhaust pipe 20 are attached to the. The burner 6 includes a fuel supply pipe 12a and combustion air (primary air).
The supply pipe 22 is connected. An exhaust pipe 21 is connected to the burner 6 side of the inner cylinder 7a. A combustion tube 37 is arranged on the front surface of the burner 6.

Next, the method of treating food waste according to the present invention having the above construction will be described. When the burner 6 and the blower fan 10 are operated, outside air is supplied to the drying air supply pipe 23.
Is heated by the heat of the deodorizing furnace 7 in the first heat exchanger 8 and supplied into the drying container 3 through the hot air supply pipe 19. The heated high-temperature air is adiabatically cooled by coming into contact with food waste in the drying container 3, and the moist air that has absorbed the water content of the food waste is sent to the second heat exchanger 9 through the dry air discharge pipe 20. Here, after being heated by the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust pipe 21, it is sent to the deodorizing furnace 7. This heated air is used as combustion air in the deodorizing furnace 7, and the odor contained in the exhaust air is thermally decomposed and exhausted to the outside.

On the other hand, the garbage is put into the hopper 1,
It is pushed by the piston 36 of the food waste feeding device 2 driven by the electric motor M1 and fed into the drying container 3 through the opening 3a. The amount of food waste supplied is set by the amount of movement of the piston 36 according to a command from the control device 14. The raw garbage is crushed, stirred and dried in the drying container 3 by the stirring device 16 driven by the electric motor M2. The dried garbage is stored in the garbage container 5 by opening the discharge opening / closing lid 17. With this configuration,
During operation, the piston 36 causes the hopper 1 to move to the drying container 3
Since the hot air in the drying container 3 is not blown out into the hopper 1, it is possible to add additional food waste during operation.

In the present invention, the combustion flame from the burner 6 is maintained in the combustion tube 37 in the deodorizing furnace 7, is not mixed with the secondary air of relatively low temperature supplied from the dry air discharge pipe 20, and is high in temperature. 2 of the relatively low temperature supplied from the dry air exhaust pipe 20 after the combustion air of
Since it mixes with the next air and is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 21, soot and odor are not generated in the deodorizing furnace 7, and the heat exchange amount of the first heat exchanger 8 is increased by the radiant heat from the combustion cylinder 37. You can

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the deodorizing furnace according to the present invention. The same components as those in the embodiment of FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In the present embodiment, an example in which the exhaust pipe 21 is attached to the opening side of the combustion tube 37 is shown. In this case, in order to prevent the hot combustion air coming out of the combustion tube 37 from flowing into the exhaust tube 21 by short-circuiting, A bottomed cylindrical reversing member 38 is attached to the opening of the cylinder 37 so that high-temperature combustion air discharged from the combustion cylinder 37 circulates sufficiently through the deodorizing furnace 7.

[0022]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, when the air used for drying is decomposed by heating in a deodorizing furnace, soot and odors are eliminated and hot air for drying is provided. The amount of heat exchange can be increased.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a food waste processing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a specific configuration 1 of the food waste processing device in FIG.
An example is shown, FIG. (A) is a front view showing the inside, and FIGS. (B) and (C) are views seen from the B direction and the C direction of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of a deodorizing furnace according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the deodorizing furnace according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional food waste processing device.

FIG. 6 is a moist air diagram for explaining the method of treating food waste.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Hopper for inputting garbage, 2 ... Garbage feeding device, 3
… Drying container 4… Filter 5… Garbage storage container 6… Burner 7…
Deodorizing furnace 8 ... First heat exchanger, 9 ... Second heat exchanger, 10 ... Blower fan 16 ... Stirrer, 19 ... Hot air supply pipe, 20 ... Dry air discharge pipe, 21 ... Exhaust pipe 22 ... Combustion Air supply pipe, 23 ... drying air supply pipe, 3
7 ... Combustion cylinder 38 ... Inversion member

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Office reference number FI Technical display location B09B 3/00 C05F 9/02 D 7188-4H (72) Inventor Akihiro Yamane Nishitsurugaoka, Nishii, Irima-gun, Saitama Prefecture 3-3-1 Tonen Co., Ltd. Research Institute

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A drying container for drying food waste, a deodorizing furnace having a burner, a first heat exchanger formed around the deodorizing furnace, and air for the burner and the first heat exchanger, respectively. A heat exchange between the combustion air supply pipe and the drying air supply pipe, the hot air supply pipe that connects the drying container and the first heat exchanger, and the exhaust of the deodorizing furnace and the exhaust of the drying container. A heat exchanger of No. 2, a drying air discharge pipe for supplying the exhaust gas of the drying container to the deodorizing furnace through the second heat exchanger, and a combustion cylinder arranged in front of the burner. Characteristic food waste processing device.