JPH0742256A - Thermal insulation ventilation structure of building by frame construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] Taking advantage of the ease of construction and securing of simple fire resistance of the frame construction method, while adopting the outer heat insulation method with the inner ventilation layer and the outer ventilation layer, The ventilation layer and the underfloor space are always in communication with each other so that the occurrence of dew condensation can be reliably prevented. [Structure] A heat insulating material 51a is stretched in the surface direction while interposing first vertical furring strips 50a arranged at intervals on the outside of a board 31 attached to the outside of a wall frame 24 of a basic material constituting a wall. The outer ventilation layer 56a is formed by tensioning the outer ventilation layer 52a in the plane direction while interposing the second vertical furring strips 54a which are arranged at the outer side of the heat insulating material 51a. The foundation 21 and the foundation 22
Between the lower end of the inner ventilation layer 52a and the underfloor space 62.
It is characterized in that a ventilation passage 64 for constantly communicating with and is formed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat insulating and ventilation structure for a building by a frame construction method represented by a 2 "* 4" (two-by-four) construction method. The present invention relates to a heat insulating and ventilation structure of a building by a frame construction method in a so-called airtight house in which the heat insulating property and airtightness of the building are improved.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A frame construction method, for example, a 2 "× 4" construction method is
Nominal cross section is 2 inches x 4 inches (actual cross section is 3.
It is a construction method in which a frame is made of basic material of 8 cm x 8.9 cm) and various boards such as plywood are nailed to this frame, and the wall is piled up on the floor (platform). It has the advantage of being a simple fireproof structure.

Conventionally, in this type of frame construction method, a so-called high airtightness, in which the periphery of the building is comprehensively bent with a heat insulating material,
When making a high-insulation house, the so-called internal insulation method is adopted, and in order to further improve the moisture resistance, use a heat insulating material with a moisture-proof layer on the surface, or insulate especially for areas with a significant temperature difference. It has been common practice to individually provide a moisture-proof layer such as a moisture-proof film on the indoor side of the material.

That is, as shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of vertical frames (pillars and studs) 3 are provided between an upper frame 1 and a lower frame 2 extending in the horizontal direction.
To form a wall frame 4 made of a basic material, and a board 5 such as plywood or structural plywood is nailed and attached to the outdoor side of the frame 4, and the upper frame 1, the lower frame 2 and A heat insulating material 6 is attached to the area surrounded by a pair of vertical frames 3 from the back surface side of the board 5, and as this heat insulating material 6, a material having a moisture-proof layer provided on the indoor surface is used, or the temperature difference is remarkable. In the area, a moisture-proof layer 7 such as a moisture-proof film having a thickness of 0.1 mm or more is individually provided on the indoor side of the heat insulating material 6.

[0005]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, sufficient moisture proofing should be achieved by forming a gap around the outlet or around the pipe, or breaking the moisture proof layer due to scratching during construction. Therefore, dew condensation occurs especially on the inside of the outer wall board, which leads to corrosion of the board and the frame material, which is the greatest drawback of the frame construction method.

Here, in order to prevent this drawback, an external heat insulating structure in which a heat insulating material is arranged on the outside of the columns and studs (vertical frame) is used, as widely used in the conventional conventional frame construction method. At the same time, it is conceivable to provide an inner ventilation layer and an outer ventilation layer on both sides of the heat insulating material.

That is, as shown in FIG. 8, with the vertical frame 3 of the wall frame 4 sandwiched, a heat insulating material 6 is stretched on the outside of the room and an interior material 8 is stretched on the inside of the room along the surface direction to insulate the heat. The inner ventilation layer 9 is formed between the material 6 and the interior material 8, and the vertical furring strips 10 as ventilation spacers are attached to the outer side of the heat insulating material 6 with a predetermined gap therebetween. Exterior material 1
It is conceivable that the outer ventilation layer 12 is formed between the heat insulating material 6 and the exterior material 11 by stretching 1 in the surface direction.

However, when it is attempted to form the inner ventilation layer 9 between the heat insulating material 6 and the interior material 8, as shown in FIG. 7, between the vertical frames 3 and 3 of the wall frame 4 which are adjacent to each other, as shown in FIG.
Since the anti-roller 13 and the fire stop (not shown) for reinforcing the same are arranged so as to close the inner ventilation layer 9, the vent hole that communicates vertically is provided inside the anti-roller 13 and the fire stop. Not only is it necessary, but floors are laid out in a flat plate (platform)
When stacking the wall framework 4 on top of the
Has a lower frame 1 and an upper frame 2 at positions where the inner ventilation layer 9 is closed, and in addition, in relation to the joists (side joists and end joists), ventilation holes can be provided in the lower and upper frames 1 and 2. First, in order to ensure the air permeability, a considerably troublesome work such as extending the frame and making a hole in the extended portion is required.

That is, in the frame construction method, it is difficult to provide the inner ventilation layer 9 between the heat insulating material 6 and the interior material 8 by adopting the outer heat insulating method. If the inner ventilation layer 9 is to be provided here. Not only is the construction quite complicated,
If ventilation holes are provided in the fall stop 13 and the fire stop, simple fire resistance cannot be ensured, and the advantages of the frame construction method are completely lost.

In view of the above, the present invention takes advantage of the easiness in construction and the simple fire resistance of the frame construction method, and adopts the outer heat insulation method having the inner ventilation layer and the outer ventilation layer, and An object of the present invention is to provide an inner ventilation layer and an underfloor space that are always in communication with each other so that dew condensation can be reliably prevented.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, a heat insulating and ventilation structure for a building by a frame construction method according to the present invention is provided on the outside of a board mounted on the outside of a wall frame of a basic material constituting a wall. While interposing the first vertical furring strips arranged at intervals, a heat insulating material is stretched in the surface direction to form an inner ventilation layer,
Outside the heat insulating material, the exterior material is stretched in the surface direction while interposing second vertical furring strips arranged at intervals to provide outer ventilation layers, respectively, and between the foundation and the base, It is characterized in that a ventilation passage is formed to constantly connect the lower end of the inner ventilation layer and the underfloor space.

[0012]

According to the present invention as described above, the first vertical furring strip, the heat insulating material, and the second heat insulating material are provided on the board mounted on the outside of the wall frame made of the basic material constructed by the usual frame construction method. By a relatively simple method such as sequentially providing a vertical furring strip and an exterior material, an inner ventilation layer and an outer ventilation layer are provided on the outside of the board with a heat insulating material sandwiched therebetween, and a ventilation passage formed between the foundation and the base is used. The internal ventilation layer and the underfloor space can always be communicated with each other.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the figure, a building (airtight house) 20 according to the present embodiment has a floor 23 in which a board such as structural plywood is attached in a flat plate shape by a platform construction method on a base 22 laid on a foundation 21. Composed of this floor 2
Around the circumference of 3, a wall frame 24 constituting an outer wall is erected in two steps, and a roof frame 25 constituting a roof is installed on the upper wall frame 24.

In the 2 "× 4" construction method, the wall frame 24 has the same basic material extending vertically between an upper frame 26 and a lower frame 27 made of a basic material having a nominal cross section of 2 inches × 4 inches. A plurality of vertical frames (pillars and studs) consisting of are laid over, and a reinforcing detent is arranged between the vertical frames 28, 28 adjacent to each other, and further, if necessary, braces (not shown) It is constructed by straddling in the shape of a strip.

On the indoor side of the wall frame 24,
The interior material 30 is stretched in the surface direction, and a board 31 made of plywood, structural plywood, or the like is stretched in the surface direction on the outdoor side.

Here, the first floor and the second floor are separated by a ceiling material 32 and a second floor 33 which are stretched in the plane direction, and the wall frame 24 located in the upper stage is of the second floor 33. It is erected around.

As the board 31, in addition to the plywood and the structural plywood, there is a sean board or an OSB (Orient).
ed Strand Board), etc., and so on. On the other hand, the roof frame 25 is a purlin 40 made of a basic material.
A plurality of rafters 42, which are also made of the same basic material, are laid between the nose cover 41 and the nose cover 41, and the rafters 42 extending laterally around the purlin 40 are connected mainly by a ceiling joist 43 in a mountain shape. There is.

A fall stop is arranged between the rafters 42, 42 adjacent to each other, similarly to the wall frame 24. A ceiling material 45 is attached to the lower surface of the ceiling joist 43 in the surface direction, and a board 46 made of plywood or structural plywood is provided on the outdoor side of the roof frame 25, that is, on the upper surface of the rafter 42. It is stretched in the plane direction.

Here, the wall frames 24 are connected to each other and the wall frame 24 and the roof frame 25 are connected to each other via a head joint 48, and are located above the head joint 48 connecting the wall frame 24 and the roof frame 25. The board 46 is provided with ventilation holes 46a for ventilation.

The above construction is based on the ordinary frame construction method, and by constructing in this way, the advantages of the frame construction method such as the simplicity of construction and the securement of simple fire resistance can be maintained.

Then, on the surface of the board 31 of the wall frame 24, first vertical furring strips 50a as ventilation spacers extending in the vertical direction over substantially the entire height of the outer wall are arranged and fixed at a predetermined interval, A heat insulating material 51a is stretched in the surface direction in contact with the first vertical furring strip 50a. Thereby, the inner ventilation layer 52a corresponding to the thickness of the first vertical furring strip 50a is formed between the board 31 and the heat insulating material 51a.

That is, the outside heat insulation structure in which the outside of the board 31 is covered with the heat insulating material 51a prevents dew condensation on the inside of the board 31 during the winter season, and moreover, the board 31 and the heat insulating material 51 are formed.
An inner ventilation layer 52a is provided between the inner side and a side to discharge heat pools in the room in summer and to perform a function of discharging moisture and heat.

Here, the foundation 21 is formed with an underfloor ventilation opening 61 which can be opened and closed via an underfloor opening / closing damper 60.
An underfloor space 62 is selectively communicated with the outside through the underfloor ventilation port 61, and a spacer 63 is interposed between the foundation 21 and the base 22 to form a ventilation passage 6
The inner ventilation layer 52a and the underfloor space 62 are always communicated with each other through the space 4.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, spacers 63 having a certain thickness are arranged at predetermined intervals on the upper surface of the base 21 having a flat upper surface, and the base 22 is placed on the upper surface of the spacer 63. Then, by fixing with an anchor bolt (not shown) or the like, a ventilation passage 64 surrounded by the pair of spacers 63, 63 and the foundation 21 and the base 22 is formed, and the inner ventilation layer 52 a is formed through the ventilation passage 64. The lower end of the space and the underfloor space 62 are always in communication with each other.

As shown in FIG. 5, the upper surface of the foundation 21 is normally flattened by the normalizing mortar 65. A filling material 66 such as a polypropylene foam is provided in the middle of the normalizing mortar 65. By interposing the padding 66, the vent passage 64 is formed by removing the padding 66, or as shown in FIG. 6, a padding (not shown) is previously put in the form forming the foundation 21. It is also possible to form the ventilation passage 64 directly on the upper portion of the foundation 21 by removing the padding.

The air flowing through the inside ventilation layer 52a reaches above the board 46 from the ventilation hole 46a provided in the board 46. In addition,
The heat insulating material 51a is preferably a synthetic resin foam heat insulating material, such as polystyrene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride,
A foam plate having an independent fine structure obtained by foaming a synthetic resin such as polyurethane is preferable. Above all, it is effective to use an extruded polystyrene foam plate or a polyurethane board having a high degree of rigidity, heat insulation and high moisture permeability resistance, and the same applies hereinafter.

The heat insulating material 51a includes the heat insulating material 51a.
A second heat insulating material 53 made of the same material as the above and having a large number of cylindrical projections on the outdoor surface is airtightly attached via an airtight sealing tape or the like.
A second vertical furring strip 54a as a ventilation spacer is arranged and fixed at a position corresponding to the first vertical furring strip 50a on the surface of the.

As described above, the provision of the second heat insulating material 53 has a double heat insulating structure to improve the heat insulating / sealing effect, and also prevents the exterior material 55a described below from slackening or waviness. This is because.

Then, the exterior material 55a is stretched in the surface direction so as to come into contact with the second vertical furring strip 54a.
The outer ventilation layer 5 is provided between the heat insulating material 51a and the exterior material 55a.
6a is formed.

As the exterior material 55a, a mortar wall,
Examples include siding walls and concrete walls, but other wall materials may be used. The outer ventilation layer 56a is always open to the atmosphere at both upper and lower ends thereof, and thereby has a function of discharging moisture and discharging heat.

On the other hand, the outdoor side of the roof frame 25 is also provided with substantially the same structure as the outdoor side of the wall frame 24. That is, the board 46 of the roof frame 25
First ventilation rafters 50b extending from the ridge along the eaves over substantially the entire width thereof are arranged and fixed at a predetermined interval on the surface of, and abutting against the first ventilation rafters 50b, the heat insulating material 51b. Is stretched in the plane direction. As a result, the inner ventilation layer having the same function as the inner ventilation layer 52a provided on the outer side of the wall frame 24 corresponding to the thickness of the first ventilation rafter 50b is provided between the board 46 and the heat insulating material 51b. The layer 52b is formed.

Here, the upper end of the inner ventilation layer 52a provided outside the wall frame 24 is always open to the attic space 70, and the ventilation hole 46 provided in the board 46 is provided.
Both inner ventilation layers 52a and 52b communicate with each other via a, and a ridge ventilation opening 72 that can be opened and closed via a ridge opening / closing damper 71 is formed in a damper hut 73 standing on the ridge. Through the attic space 70 and the inner ventilation layer 5
2b is selectively open to the outside.

Further, the first portion on the upper surface of the heat insulating material 51b.
The second ventilation rafters 54b are arranged and fixed at a part of the position corresponding to the ventilation rafters 50b, and the roof material 55b contacts the second ventilation rafters 54a so that the roof material 55b is in the surface direction. The outer ventilation layer 56b is formed between the heat insulating material 51b and the roof material 55b.

Examples of the roof material 55b include a straw roof material, a straight roof material, and a flat sheet metal roof material, but other roof materials may be used. The outer ventilation layer 56b is always open to the outside on the ridge side and the eaves side so as to achieve a moisture exhausting and heat exhausting effect.

As described above, the outsides of the boards 31 and 46 attached to the outside of the wall frame 24 and the roof frame 25, respectively, are comprehensively surrounded by the heat insulating materials 51a and 51b, and the heat insulating materials 51a and 51b are sandwiched. By providing the inner ventilation layers 52a and 52b and the outer ventilation layers 56a and 56b on both sides of this, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation and improve the indoor thermal environment.

That is, the inner ventilation layers 52a and 52b and the outer ventilation layers 56a and 56b perform the functions of circulation, moisture removal and temperature removal depending on the weather conditions in summer and winter, and in the summer heat pools are discharged. However, the temperature difference in the room can be reduced in winter.

In the above embodiment, first, with the ventilation passage 64 formed between the foundation 21 and the base 22, a structural plywood or the like is attached to the base 22 in a planar shape by the platform construction method to form the floor 23. To form. Then, the wall framework 24 for the first floor is erected on this floor 23, and the second floor 33
After the formation, the second-order wall frame 24 is erected and the roof frame 25 is erected, and in parallel with this, or after the frame is completed, the interior material 30 and the board 31 are attached to the wall frame 24 in the roof frame 25. Also, ceiling material 45 and board 4
6 is attached to each, and further ceiling materials 32 and 45 are attached.

Then, in the wall frame 24, the first vertical furring strip 51a, the heat insulating materials 51b and 53, the second vertical furring strip 54a and the exterior material 55a are formed on the outdoor surface of the board 31.
In the roof frame 25, the first ventilation rafter 50b, the heat insulating material 51b, the second ventilation rafter 54b, and the roof material 55b are sequentially provided on the outdoor side surface of the board 46, whereby the heat insulating material 51a, 53 and 51b comprehensively surrounds the periphery of the building, and this heat insulating material 51a,
On both sides of 53 and 51b, the inner ventilation layer 52 is provided.
a, 52b and outer ventilation layers 56a, 56b may be provided.

[0039]

Since the present invention has the above-mentioned structure,
Retaining the advantages of the frame construction method such that the construction is relatively simple and a simple fireproof structure can be secured, the outside of the board attached to the outside of the wall framework is comprehensively surrounded by a heat insulating material,
Moreover, the inner ventilation layer and the outer ventilation layer are provided on both sides of the heat insulating material, and the inner ventilation layer and the underfloor space can be communicated with each other at all times, thereby preventing dew condensation and improving durability. The effect is that the indoor thermal environment can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a building showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is likewise a vertical cross-sectional view of a connecting portion between a foundation and a wall.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the vicinity of an underfloor ventilation port.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the foundation of the same.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing another example of the foundation.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing still another example of the foundation.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a wall frame showing a conventional example.

FIG. 8 is likewise a horizontal cross-sectional view of a wall when an external heat insulating structure is adopted.

[Explanation of symbols]

 20 building (airtight house) 23 floor 24 wall frame 25 roof frame 30 interior material 31,46 board 50a first vertical furrow 50b first ventilation rafters 51a, 51b, 53 heat insulating material 52a, 52b inner ventilation layer 54a number 2 vertical furring strip 54b Second ventilation rafter 55a Exterior material 55b Roof material 56a, 56b Outside ventilation layer 62 Underfloor space 63 Spacer 64 Ventilation passage

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A heat insulating material is stretched in the surface direction while interposing a first vertical furring strip arranged at an interval on the outside of a board attached to the outside of a wall frame of a basic material constituting a wall. An outer ventilation layer is provided by tensioning an outer ventilation layer on the outer side of the heat insulating material while interposing a second vertical furring strip arranged at a distance on the outer side of the heat insulating material to form an outer ventilation layer. A heat-insulating ventilation structure for a building by a frame construction method, characterized in that a ventilation passage is formed between the lower end of the inner ventilation layer and the underfloor space at all times.