JPH0750175B2 - Solar time switch - Google Patents

Description

[Technical Field] In the present invention, on-time data such as Hikari, Higurashi or Higashi, and night dawn are set throughout the year, and the lighting load is made to blink based on this on-time data. It is about the solar time switch.

[Background technology]

Generally, for this kind of solar time switch,
By controlling the lighting load based on the time of daylight, sunset or sunrise, and dawn that changes according to the season, the lighting load is turned on only when it is actually dark to save energy. When used as lighting for factories, there is a problem in that the lighting load is turned on even on holidays such as Saturday and Sunday, resulting in wasted energy consumption.

[Object of the Invention]

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is possible to eliminate unnecessary energy consumption by not lighting the lighting load on a skip day such as a holiday, and at the night before the dawn of the skip day. It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar time switch capable of preventing the inconvenience caused by turning off the lighting load.

[Disclosure of Invention]

(Structure) FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of the present invention.
Is a fixed time setting part that sets fixed data such as sunset, sunset, sunrise, and dawn throughout the year, (2) is the annual timekeeping part that measures the current time including the day and month, and (3) is the annual timekeeping A blinking control unit (5) for blinking the lighting load (4) when the current time data in the unit (2) and the on-time data read out from the constant time setting unit (1) match.
Is a skip day setting section for setting a skip day (for example, a holiday such as Saturday and Sunday) that does not turn on the lighting load (4), and (6) is a skip day for the current day of the week in the annual clock section (2). When the day of the week matches, the lighting load (when the current time data matches the sunrise or nighttime scheduled data corresponding to the current day and month until the current morning data matches the sunrise or nighttime scheduled data of the next morning) 4) is a lighting prohibition means for preventing the lighting of
Energy saving is achieved by not turning on the lighting load (4) on the skip day set on the skip day setting section (5), that is, on holidays, and the lighting load (4) suddenly changes at night before the night of the skipping day. The inconvenience of being turned off is being avoided. In other words, "1st" on the calendar starts at midnight and ends at 12:00 pm, and the date change is at midnight, but if the lighting load (4) is turned off at 0:00 am by interpreting the beginning of the holiday according to the calendar, overtime Alternatively, there is a disadvantage that the lights suddenly turn off at night despite the presence of people at night shift. This is a "one day" in real life
Means that it is more convenient to start at dawn and consider pre-dawn as an extension of the previous day. Further, even when the lighting load (4) is an external light, if the lighting suddenly goes off at night, there is a feeling of strangeness, and there is a disadvantage that a person, a vehicle, or the like passing by may be in danger. Therefore, according to the present invention, the lighting load (4) is not turned on in synchronization with the sunrise or the dawn of a holiday, so that the inconvenience caused by the lighting load (4) being suddenly turned off at night is prevented. That is how it is. That is, according to the present invention, the lighting load (4) is turned on before the night of a holiday is regarded as an extension of the previous day (non-holiday). In the embodiment described below, the daytime and nighttime data are set in the constant time setting unit (1).
Here, the sunrise time means the moment when the tip of the sun S moves out of the horizon H as shown in Fig. 2 (a), and the sunrise time means the sun as shown in Fig. 1 (b). It is the moment when the tip of S sinks into the horizon H, and the illuminance at this time is about 600 lux, which is quite bright. That is, the light of the sun S below the horizon H is scattered by the upper atmosphere of the earth even before the sunrise and after the sunset, and continues to be bright for a while, which is called twilight. As described above, since there is twilight for a while even before and after the sun rise, it is not a good idea from the viewpoint of energy saving to turn on the lighting load (4) even during the twilight.
However, the duration of the twilight is not always constant, but varies according to the season. Fig. 3 (a)
Is a graph showing the relationship between the time T _{1 at} sunset and the time T _{2 at} sunset in Tokyo, and FIG. 3 (b) is the time T ₃ at night and the time T _{4 at} sunrise in the same area. It is a graph which shows the relationship of. However, in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the time of daylight is when the twilight disappears after the sunset, and the time of nightlight is when the twilight appears before the sunrise. Fig. 3 (a)
As is clear from (b), if the lighting load (4) is turned on after a certain time from the sunset time, or if the lighting load (4) is turned off before a certain time before the sunrise time, it is possible to change depending on the season. There is a problem that the lighting load (4) is turned on and off too early or too late, but in the embodiment, the twilight time when the twilight disappears after the sun sets and the dawn time when the twilight appears before the sun rises. It is stored in the constant time setting unit (1) over the whole year, and the lighting load (4) is turned on only during a period when the surroundings are actually dark to achieve more appropriate energy saving. Is.

(Embodiment) FIGS. 4 to 12 are diagrams showing the configuration and operation of an embodiment of the present invention. Here, the fixed time setting unit (1) is configured by, for example, a ROM, and stores the daylight and sunset times for 365 days in the ROM as digital data, and the annual timekeeping unit (2 If the ROM is accessed according to the data of the month and day of (1), the sunset time and the dawn time of the day can be obtained. At this time, the nightfall time and the nightlight time are decimal 4-digit data, but the average annual sunset time and nightlight time are stored as the reference time, and the time deviation from this reference time is stored in the ROM. By doing so, the storage capacity can be significantly reduced. That is, the reference times of daylight and nighttime are set to K ₀
Assuming that A and K ₀ B and the time deviations with respect to the reference times K ₀ A and K ₀ B are f _A (D) and f _B (D), respectively, the lighting load (4)
The time T _ON to turn on and the time T _B to turn off are given by:

T _ON = f _A (D) + K _o AT _OFF = f _B (D) + K _o B In the above formula, the time deviations f _A (D) and f _B (D) are functions that change according to the date data D. , Its amplitude is less than 100 minutes in both positive and negative directions. Therefore, the reference time K _o A, K _o
If B is stored in the ROM as 4-digit data, the daytime and nighttime of the year can be stored in 2 digits for each day. This will save about 50% of the ROM storage capacity. You can FIG. 4 shows a time T _{OFF at} which the lighting load (4) should be _{turned off} , its reference time K _o B, and date data D.
7 is a graph showing the relationship of changes in the time deviation f _B (D) according to. As shown in the figure, the time T _OFF can be easily reproduced by storing the change of the time deviation f _B (D) according to the date data D and the reference time K _o B. .

Time deviation f _A (D), f according to the date data D
_{In B} (D), it is not necessary to store all 365 days, and data is thinned out every 10 to 30 days and stored, and the thinned portion can be used by interpolating the data. Good. Looking at the graphs of FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), inflection points appear around December and July for the curve representing the sunset time, and 1 for the curve representing the daylight time.
Inflection points appear around the months of June and June, and it can be seen that the portions other than the inflection point are in a direction of almost linear change.
Therefore, the thinning interval should be reduced near the inflection point.
The data may be stored every 10 days, and the straight line portion may be thinned at intervals of about 30 days. By doing this, RO can be compared to the case where data is stored evenly every 10 days throughout the year.
The storage capacity of M can be saved by about 25%.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing a method of obtaining the time deviation f _A (D) according to the date data D by linear interpolation. In the figure, the time deviation f _A (D ₁ ) on the date D ₁ (January ₁ )
And the time deviation f _A (D ₂ ) on the date D ₂ (January 11) are linearly interpolated, and any date D between the dates D ₁ and D ₂
The time deviation f _A (D) at is determined by the following equation.

The broken line in FIG. 5 shows the change in the time deviation f _A (D) when the data read from the ROM is used without being linearly interpolated. By performing the linear interpolation, the change can be considerably smooth. Recognize.

By the way, the nightfall time and the dawn time differ depending on the area, and are measured in Tokyo in FIGS. 3 (a) and (b).
The data shown in can be used in the Kanto region, but cannot be used as it is in geographically distant regions such as Hokkaido and Kyushu. So, Hokkaido, Ou,
It is also possible to prepare a ROM for each target area of Tohoku, Kanto, Chubu, Kinki, Chugoku, Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa, and replace the ROM to prevent regional errors. It is extremely inconvenient for inventory control to change the specification of the product according to the above. Therefore, as shown in the following equation, the time difference f _A (D) and f _B (D) are respectively multiplied by the correction coefficients K ₁ A and K ₁ B corresponding to each region to obtain the time in each region. It is preferable to perform correction calculation for T _ON and T _OFF .

T _ON = f _A (D) × K ₁ A + K ₀ AT _OFF = f _B (D) × K ₁ B + K ₀ B where time deviation f _A (D) and f _B according to date data D
In (D), data of the Kanto region, which has the largest number of consumers and is located almost in the center of all target regions, is used. Therefore, the correction factors K ₁ A and K ₁ B for the Kanto region are each 1. In Hokkaido, where latitude is higher than Kanto, the correction factors K ₁ A and K ₁ B are 1 or more, while in Okinawa where latitude is lower than Kanto, the correction factors K ₁ A and K ₁ B are 1 or less. Figure 6 shows the time deviation f _A (D) of the sunset time in the Kanto area and the time deviation f _A1 of the sunset time in the Hokkaido and Okinawa areas obtained by multiplying this by the correction factors K ₁ A and K ₁ B. f _A2 is shown respectively. The present inventor has already confirmed that the time deviation between the sunset time and the dawn time in each area can be calculated quite accurately only by multiplying the correction coefficients K ₁ A and K ₁ B in this manner. An example is shown in the figure. In the figure, T ₃ shows the change of the night time in Tokyo, which is the time deviation f _B (D) of the night time in Tokyo added to the reference time K _o B (4:41 am). Is. Also, T ▲ ^′ ₃ ▼ is the time deviation f of the night time in Tokyo.
Multiplying _B (D) by the correction coefficient K ₁ B (= 1.335),
It is calculated by adding the standard time KoB (4:41 am) to the dawn time in Sapporo. On the other hand, the black circles in FIG. 7 indicate the measured values at night time in Sapporo every 10 days. Comparing this measured value with the calculated value T ▲ ^′ ₃ ▼ by the above-mentioned correction calculation, it is quite good. I understand what you are doing. Here, the values of the time deviation f _B (D) at the nighttime time in Tokyo used in FIG. 7 are shown in Table 1. The table also shows the value of the time deviation f _A (D) of the sunset time in Tokyo.

Fig. 8 shows how different the sunrise time T ₄ is in Japan. In the figure, T ₄₁ is Okinawa, T ₄₂ is Kyushu, T ₄₃ is Shikoku, T ₄₄ is China, T ₄₅ is Kinki, T ₄₆ is Chubu,
T ₄₇ is Kanto, T ₄₈ is Tohoku (and Hokuriku), T ₄₉ is Ou, T ₄₀
Shows the sunrise times in Hokkaido every 10 days. For reference, FIG. 9 is a graph in which the change of the sunrise time T _{1 and} the change of the sunrise time T ₃ in Tokyo are overlaid on one graph. As is clear from the figure, the inflection point at the sunrise time T _{1 and} the inflection point at the sunrise time T ₃ are slightly displaced.

FIG. 10 is a front view of the embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram showing the internal structure of the same. A time display unit (8) is provided on the front surface of the main body (7) of the solar time switch, and displays the current time. Above the time display section (8), a day of the week display section (9) including LEDs is provided. Reference numeral (10) is a day-of-week skip switch which constitutes the skip-day setting section (5), and is formed by seven slide switches associated with each day of the week and does not turn on the illumination load (4) like Saturday and Sunday. Holidays) can be set. Further, the operation portion of each slide switch is slidable in the vertical direction in FIG. 10 and arranged side by side in the order of the day of the week. Therefore, it is easy to visually recognize whether or not the skip date is set for each day of the week depending on whether the operation unit is located above or below. When setting the current time, etc., the rotary switch (11) is set to a predetermined position and the time setting buttons (13 ₁ ) (13 ₂ ) (13 ₃ ) are operated. Rotary switch (11) and time setting buttons (13 ₁ ) (13 ₂ ) that serve as time setting means
(13 ₃ ) is provided separately from the slide switch which is the skip date setting section (5). (14 ₁ ) and (14 ₂ ) are operation pattern setting switches, which turn on and off the lighting load (4) at the nightfall time and the dawn time set in the constant time setting section (1) in the main body (7). The solar mode and the user timer mode in which the lighting load (4) is turned on or off at the timer time set by the user are switched. Further, when the lighting load (4) on / off time in the solar mode is slightly advanced or delayed, a fine adjustment switch (1
5 ₁ ) (15 ₂ ) are operated. (16 ₁ ) and (16 ₂ ) are operation display lamps, and output 1 for controlling the lighting load (4)
And the on / off state of the output 2 is displayed. Further, (17 ₁ ) and (17 ₂ ) are operation switching switches for output 1 and output 2, respectively, which are the ON mode for continuously turning on the lighting load (4) regardless of the set time, and the lighting load (4) at the set time. The automatic mode for turning on / off the lamp and the off mode for continuously turning off the lighting load (4) are switched regardless of the set time. In addition, (18) is a district setting switch, and it is possible to set the target district to use the solar time switch. A group of terminals connected to the lighting load (4) and the power source is provided on the left side of the main body (7).

FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram showing the internal structure of the main body (7) of the solar time switch. In the figure, (20)
Is a control unit which is formed by using a microcomputer computer and constitutes a blinking control unit (1), an annual clock unit (2), a lighting prohibition unit (6), etc., and the above-mentioned time display unit (8) and day of the week display. The driver unit (22) for driving the display unit (21) such as the unit (9), the solar data memory (23) for storing the time of day and night, etc., and the setting of the time and the set time. A group of switches (24) for calling, a time timer memory (25) for storing the current time and a timer time set by the user, a relay drive unit (27) for driving a relay coil (26), A crystal oscillating circuit (28) that gives an operating clock to the control section is connected. Reference numeral (29) is a power source section connected to a commercial power source, and its DC output is supplied to each section via a constant voltage circuit (30). The DC output of the power supply section (29) is also connected to a nickel-cadmium battery (31) for backup during a power failure. (32) and (33) are relay contacts for driving the lighting load (4) on and off, and are driven by the relay coil (26).

Hereinafter, a method of operating the solar time switch will be briefly described. First, when the power is turned on, the time display section (8) is in a display state. In this state, press the day setting button (12) to set the day. Day setting button (12)
Each time the button is pressed, the display of the day of the week display section (9) is sent one day at a time. Next, to set the month and day, move the rotary switch (11) to the "month / day" display, press the time setting button (13 ₁ ) to set the month, and the time setting button (13 ₂ ) again. Is to set the "day". To set the hour and minute, move the rotary switch (11) to the "hour / minute" display, press the time setting button (13 ₁ ) to set the "hour", and set the time setting button (13 ₂ ) again.
Is to set "minutes". Even when adjusting such "month / day" and "hour / minute", pressing the time adjustment buttons (13 ₁ ) (13 ₂ ) once will cause the "month", "day", and "hour" to be pressed.
The indications such as "minutes" are sent one by one next. Also, if you press and hold the time setting buttons (13 ₁ ) (13 ₂ ) for 2 seconds or more, fast forward will occur. When setting the seconds, the rotary switch (11) is set to "hour / minute" and the time setting button (13 ₃ ) is pressed.
This Yotsute "seconds" to be reset to 0, the timer operation is started when you release the time setting button (13 ₃₎ from 0 seconds. Next, when you want to check the current "month / day", the rotary switch (11) is set to "month / day", which allows the current "month / day" to be displayed on the time display section (8).
Is displayed. In the normal state, the rotary switch (11) is aligned with the "current time", and the current "hour / minute" is displayed on the time display section (8).

Next, the function of the operation pattern switches (14 ₁ ) (14 ₂ ) will be described. The operation pattern switch (14 ₁ ) is a switch for on-time selection that switches between a solar mode in which the lighting load (4) is turned on at daylight time and a user timer mode in which it is turned on at a timer time set by the user. operation pattern Sui Tutsi (14 _2), and solar mode that turns off the illumination load (4) the dawn time, a switch for oFF time selection switches between user timer mode that turns off the timer time set by the user. Therefore, movement pattern switch (14 ₁ ) (14 ₂ )
It is possible to set four types of operation patterns by switching. FIG. 12 (a) shows an operation pattern switch (14 ₁ ) (1
4 ₂₎ a case of the both solar mode, the illumination load 4 is turned off to turn on to dawn time to nightfall time. FIG. 7B shows the case where only the operation pattern switch (14 ₁ ) is set to the user timer mode, and the lighting load (4) is turned on at a fixed time and turned off at the night time. FIG (c) is a case of the operation pattern Sui Tutsi (14 ₂₎ only the user timer mode, the illumination load 4 is turned off on time and on the nightfall time. Further, FIG. 6D shows the case where the operation pattern switches (14 ₁ ) and (14 ₂ ) are both set to the user timer mode, and the lighting load (4) is turned on at a fixed time and turned off at a fixed time. To set the on-time and off-time in the user timer mode, use the rotary switch (1).
Is set to "timer on time" and "timer off time" respectively, and "hour / minute" is set by the time setting buttons (13 ₁ ) (13 ₂ ). Furthermore, in the solar mode, the fine adjustment switch (15 ₁ ) is operated to shift the on time slightly before and after the daylight hours, and when the off time is shifted slightly before and after the nighttime time, the fine adjustment switch is operated. (15 ₂ ) is operated. Each fine adjustment switch (15 ₁ ) (15 ₂ ) is composed of a digital switch, and the on / off time can be shifted up to 24 minutes early or late in 6 minutes by a maximum of 24 minutes. When checking the ON time in the solar mode and user timer mode, set the rotary switch (11) to the “timer ON time”, and if the operation pattern setting switch (14 ₁ ) is in the solar mode, the sunset time is the ON time. In the user timer mode, the timer time set by the user is displayed as the ON time. Further to check the off-time in the solar mode, and the user timer mode,, combined rotary Sui Tutsi (11) in the "Timer Off time", when the operation pattern setting switch (14 ₂₎ is a solar mode, dawn time off time In the user timer mode, the timer time set by the user is displayed as the off time.

Next, the day of the week skip switch (10) constituting the skip day setting unit (5) sets the slide switch corresponding to a holiday (Saturday, Sunday) when employees do not go in and out of the factory to the "off" side, for example. Is set in advance, so that the lighting load (4) is not turned on on Saturdays and Sundays when lighting is not required, so that energy can be saved. However, as described above, the lighting load (4) is no longer lit after the night time on Saturday, and is lit in a predetermined operation pattern from the sunset on Monday. That is, since the fixed time setting unit (1) sets the regular data in an annual cycle, and the skip date setting unit (5) sets the skip date in a weekly cycle, the lighting prohibition means (6): If the current day of the week clocked by the annual clock (2) matches the day of the week for which the skip date is set, the current time data will match the sunrise or dawn scheduled data corresponding to the current month and day. Therefore, the lighting load (4) is not turned on until the data of the current time coincides with the scheduled data of the sunrise or the dawn of the next morning. By this operation, the time of sunrise or nighttime that changes in an annual cycle is followed, and on a skip day within one week, the day before sunrise or daylight is the day before the day before or if the day before is not the skip day. Lighting the lighting load from
It is possible to prohibit lighting of the lighting load from the setting sun on the skipping day or the sunset to the sunrise or dawn on the next morning.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, the present invention is a plurality of slide switches arranged in parallel in association with each day of the week, and skip days in which a lighting load is not turned on by a day-of-the-week skip switch provided separately from the time adjusting means are weekly cycles. A skip date setting section for setting is provided, and if the current day of the week in the annual clock section matches the day of the week for which the skip date is set, the current time data will be added to the sunrise or dawn scheduled data corresponding to the current day and month. We have a lighting prohibition means to prevent the lighting load from turning on until the data of the current time matches the scheduled data of sunrise or dawn the next morning, and skip days such as holidays within a week. It is set so that the lighting load is not turned on at night from the skip date to the next morning, so it is possible to eliminate unnecessary energy consumption. In addition, there is an effect that it is possible to prevent a disadvantage caused by night the lighting load from the previous day of the skip day until the morning of the skip date is turned off. In other words, by adopting the above configuration, the lighting load is turned on from the evening of the previous day to the morning of the skipping day, if the previous day is not a skipping day, while following the time of sunrise or dawn that changes in an annual cycle. The lighting load can be turned off from the evening of the skipping day to the next morning.

Further, according to the above configuration, the skip date can be easily set by operating the slide switch corresponding to the day of the week when it is not necessary to turn on the lighting load, and the skip date can be set by the juxtaposed slide switch. There is an advantage that the set day of the week can be easily viewed. Further, since the skip date setting section is provided separately from the time adjusting means, the setting of the skip date is not affected even if the time adjusting means adjusts the time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of the present invention, and FIG. 2 (a).
(B) is an explanatory diagram for explaining sunrise and sunset times, respectively, FIG. 3 (a) is a diagram showing annual sunset and sunset times in Tokyo, and FIG. 3 (b) is the same area. Showing sunrise and dawn times of the year in FIG. 4, FIG. 4 showing the relationship between the reference time and time deviation in the same as above, FIG.
Figure shows the method of interpolation calculation in the same as above, Figure 6 shows the method of area correction in the same as above, Figure 7 shows the accuracy of the correction calculation in the same as above, and Figure 8 shows the sunrise times in various parts of Japan. Figure 9 shows the annual change in time, Figure 9 shows the relationship between sunrise and sunset times in Tokyo, Figure 10 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 11 is the same as above. FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the internal structure, and FIG. 12 is an operation explanatory diagram showing an operation pattern in the above. (1) is a fixed time setting unit, (2) is an annual clock unit, (3) is a flashing control unit, (4) is a lighting load, (5) is a skip date setting unit, and (6) is a lighting prohibition means. .

Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-52-119 (JP, A) JP-A-58-71591 (JP, A) Actual opening 58-140490 (JP, U) Actual opening 57-147788 (JP , U) Sukeko 56-41322 (JP, Y2)

Claims (1)

[Claims] [Claim 1] A fixed time setting section for setting timely data such as Hinode, Higurashi, Hijiri, and Dawn throughout the year, an annual timekeeping section for measuring the current time including month, day, and day of the week, and an annual timekeeping section In a solar time switch having a blinking control unit that blinks the lighting load when the current time data and the periodic data of the annual cycle read from the constant time setting unit match, a plurality of solar time switches juxtaposed in association with each day of the week. With a slide switch that is provided separately from the time setting means, a skip day setting unit that sets a skip day that sets a skip day that does not turn on the lighting load in a weekly cycle and a weekly cycle is set,
If the current time of day in the annual clock matches the day of the week for which the skip date has been set, the next day's sunrise or nighttime will start after the current time data matches the sunrise or nighttime scheduled data corresponding to the current time A solar time switch comprising lighting prohibition means for preventing the lighting load from being turned on until the current time data matches the on-time data.