JPH07526B2 - Plant antimicrobial microbial activator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention mainly relates to the management of turf on a golf course, and an activity capable of proliferating a microorganism having an antibacterial activity against the disease fungus and reducing pesticide use. Regarding agents.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, a large amount of pesticides such as herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, etc. has been sprayed in the management of lawns such as greens, tees, and faireys on golf courses, which have penetrated underground or in rivers. Outflow,
It pollutes the natural environment and causes carcinogenesis, sore throat, stomach ache, etc. for players and caddies, and is becoming a social problem today.

As measures against this, a method of applying an adsorbent such as charcoal to adsorb pesticides and a method of applying Chinese herbs such as yellow liquor, licorice, and rhubarb have been proposed, but the former reaches a saturated adsorption amount. Then, it is invalidated, and the latter has the drawback that it takes a long time to exert its effect due to its delayed action, etc., and a satisfactory method has not yet been proposed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Therefore, the present inventor has studied the disease of grass, and most of the diseases of grass are caused by soil fungi, and the details are as follows. Inhabit,
Next, Ophioborus bacteria live up to 100 mm underground, Pythium bacteria live 150 mm deep, and Fusarium bacteria live 200 mm deepest, and these bacteria propagate to grow large patch disease and brown patch disease on turf. , It has been clarified that the cause is red rust.

And, in case of actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, etc., which propagate to the properties common to Rhizoctonia, Pythium, Fusarium, etc.,
These exhibit antibacterial activity against the harmful bacteria, and the reproduction of the harmful bacteria may be suppressed.

Therefore, the present inventor pays attention to this point, and promotes intensive research to find a means for propagating antibacterial microorganisms such as actinomycetes and lactic acid bacteria in the soil under the lawn, and a constant concentration of wood vinegar solution and chitosan actinomycetes, The inventors have found that it is effective for breeding lactic acid bacteria and the like, and completed the present invention here.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The antibacterial active agent of the present invention is 50 ± 10 wt% obtained by adding water to wood vinegar.
Prepare a wood vinegar solution, dissolve chitin at a ratio of 1 ± 0.2 wt%, and apply this to a plant with water 200-1
It is diluted 000 times before use. Also, preferably,
It is characterized in that a small amount of a metallic element containing divalent iron as a main component is added thereto.

Explaining the content and action of each component, first, the wood vinegar solution is an extract from woody material, the main components are acetic acid and methanol, and other components such as acetone, pyropionic acid, furfural, furfurialcohol, cyclotene, and metacresol. And other components are included.

This wood vinegar solution is conventionally known to have a bactericidal action, but in the study by the present inventor, 20 ± 50 wt% wood vinegar solution was used.
It was confirmed that, when diluted to 0 to 1000 times, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, etc., which could not be propagated by bactericidal action, propagate well on the contrary.

This can be thought of as follows. First, in the first stage, components such as acetic acid and methanol of wood vinegar act to kill bacteria and filamentous fungi that do not have spores. At this time, actinomycetes that have spores escape sterilization due to the protective action of spores. . Then, in the second step reaction carried out by bacteria, a reaction occurs in which the wood vinegar component is replaced with acetyl coenzyme, and this acetyl coenzyme acts as a nutrient source for the microorganisms, and actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, etc. that have escaped sterilization are treated with this nutrient. Ingestion of the source allows growth. And, as a result of the proliferation of actinomycetes and the like, it shows antibacterial activity against Rhizoctonia, pishum, fusarium, etc. that live in the basement of turf, its reproduction is suppressed, and large patch disease caused by these fungi, brown patch disease, red Diseases of turf such as rust are suppressed. In addition, actinomycetes,
Lactic acid bacteria are useful bacteria for growing plants.

Next, the chitin mixed in the wood vinegar solution will be described. Among the harmful bacteria, there are bacteria having a cell wall such as Fusarium bacterium, and these are insufficient in effect of the wood vinegar solution, and in order to supplement this. Mix chitin. Chitin is a general term for chitin and chitosan, and this chitin has a large number of N-acetyl-D-gluconsan residues β-.
It is a (1,4) -linked polysaccharide and is present in the crust of crustaceans such as crabs and shrimps (external skeleton), in the shells of krill, in the skin of insects, in the mushrooms, and in the cell walls of fungi. And, chitosan refers to deacetylated acetamido group of this chitin.

When this chitin is added to the soil, the number of chitinase-producing bacteria in the soil increases, and the chitinase secreted by these soil bacteria decomposes the cell wall chitin of soil pathogens such as Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, and Pythium, and is harmful. It inhibits the growth of bacteria and enhances the antibacterial properties of turf against pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, the chitin plays a role of assisting the wood vinegar solution by activating antibacterial microorganisms like the wood vinegar solution.

Another role of chitin acts to enhance the growth of grass and other plants by activating plant cells. That is, chitin has the effect of enhancing the synthesis of chitin-binding lectin present in plant tissues, and this lectin binds to the cell wall of harmful bacteria and inhibits the growth, as well as the growth of nitrogen-fixing bacteria during nodulation. It stimulates and facilitates plant nitrogen fixation and activates plant cells. And the mixing amount suitable for fulfilling two roles including the above-mentioned roles is 1 ± 0.2 wt% with respect to the wood vinegar solution, which is 200-1000 at the time of application.
It was experimentally confirmed that it is optimal to use it after diluting it twice with water.

Further, preferably, in addition to the above-mentioned wood vinegar solution and chitin, divalent iron as a main component, water-soluble magnesium, magnesium silicate, colloidal silicic acid, manganese, molybdenum,
Metallic elements such as boron, zinc, copper and sulfur are added. This is because plants such as turf are deficient in essential metals, lose their disease resistance, and easily develop symptoms such as rust disease, wilt disease, and bacterial wilt disease. Starts with redox and interacts with organic matter in the soil,
This is because it can promote aggregation of soil, improve air permeability and water permeability, and promote the growth of microorganisms. Since it is a metal element, the amount of addition is small, and about 10 to 1000 ppm is suitable.

The explanation above has been centered on turf on a golf course, but with the same action, general vegetables for growing eggplant, cucumber, etc., chrysanthemums,
The active agent of the present invention can be applied to landscape gardening of roses and other flowers, pine trees, cypress, fruit trees, etc. The active agent of the present invention can also be applied to landscape gardening.

[Effect of the present invention] With the above configuration, the present invention allows the wood vinegar solution and chitosan to act in cooperation to proliferate microorganisms that exhibit antibacterial activity against harmful bacteria such as Rhizoctonia and Fusarium in soil. Since it can prevent the occurrence of diseases such as large patch disease, brown patch disease, and red rust disease that occur from there, and it is possible to greatly reduce the amount of pesticides conventionally sprayed on grass, it is possible to eliminate pesticide contamination on golf courses. Produce the effect.

In addition, the propagation of useful bacteria such as actinomycetes can be applied to agriculture and landscaping, and the effect of enhancing the yield by promoting the growth of vegetables such as eggplant and cucumber and flowers such as chrysanthemum, rose, and camphor grass. There is also.

[Example 1] <Pythium irregularity> When 1 wt% of chitosan was dissolved in a 50 wt% wood vinegar solution to prepare the active agent of the present invention, the active ingredient of the present invention was tested. Got street results.

[Example 2] <Pisic vermiculosis> When 1 wt% of chitosan was dissolved in a 50 wt% wood vinegar solution to prepare the active agent of the present invention, and the test was carried out against picic vermiculosis, Table 2 Got street results.

[Example 3] <Rhizoctonia vernalis balsa> When 1 wt% of chitosan was dissolved in 50 wt% wood vinegar solution to prepare the active agent of the present invention, and the test was carried out against rhizoctonia vermiculosis, the results of Table 3 Got street results.

[Example 4] An activator of the present invention was prepared by dissolving 1 wt% of chitosan in 50 wt% of wood vinegar solution and adding 350 ppm of ferrous metal to eggplant.
When diluted 1000 times and applied before disease onset, the results shown in Table 4 were obtained.

[Example 5] For cucumber, 1 wt% of chitosan was dissolved in a 50 wt% wood vinegar solution, and the activator of the present invention containing 350 ppm of ferrous metal was diluted 1000 times and applied before illness. , Table-5
I got the result as follows.

Example 6 Targeting chrysanthemums, roses, and camphor grass, 1w in a 50wt% wood vinegar solution
When t% chitosan was dissolved and the active agent of the present invention to which 350 ppm of divalent iron metal was added was diluted 1000 times and applied before illness, the results shown in Table 6 were obtained.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A chitin substance is dissolved in a 50 ± 10 wt% wood acetic acid solution at a proportion of 1 ± 0.2 wt%, and a trace amount of a metallic substance containing ferric iron as a main component is further added. An antimicrobial microbial activator for plants, which is used by diluting up to 1000 times.