JPH0760596A - Shutter associated with automatic exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten a time for tool exchanging motion by actuating a side door, provided openably/closably between a tool exchange arm and a spindle, opened/closed by a mechanical means synchronized with a motion of the tool exchange arm by utilizing a cam mechanism in a driving gear of the tool exchange arm. CONSTITUTION:A side door 59 for opening/closing an opening part 58, opened in a total unit cover 57 for covering the periphery of a machine so as to permit motion of a tool exchange arm 55 between itself and a spindle 52, is connected to a cam mechanism in a driving gear 56 of the tool exchange arm 55 through a link mechanism 70, so as to actuate the side door opened/closed to be synchronized with the motion of the tool exchange arm 55.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool equipped with an automatic tool changer, which opens and closes a side door that is openable and closable between a tool change arm and a spindle in synchronization with the movement of the tool change arm. The present invention relates to an operating automatic tool changer interlocking shutter.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a machine tool such as a machining center, as shown in FIG. 5, a main spindle 52 of a spindle head 51 which is vertically movable in a column 50 and a tool magazine 53 in which various tools 54 are housed are provided. In the meantime, a tool exchanging arm 55 that rotates around an axis parallel to the main shaft 52 is moved forward and backward by a drive device 56 by a cam mechanism, and forward and backward rotational movement is performed at a predetermined angle to unclamp the tool clamping device provided on the main shaft 52. For the tool changing arm 5
An automatic tool changer for controlling the forward and reverse movements of 5 and the forward and reverse rotational movements at a predetermined angle in synchronization with the operation is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-62-62
It is known from No. 228840.

Further, in the machine tool, an overall cover 57 is provided to cover the periphery of the machine tool in order to prevent the coolant and chips from scattering during the machining of the work and to maintain the safety.

In the automatic exchange of tools between the spindle 52 and the tool magazine 53 by the tool exchange arm 55, the whole cover 57 is provided with an opening 58 for allowing the movement of the tool exchange arm 55. The column 50 supports a side door 59 (shutter) that opens the opening 58 when the tool is changed by the tool changing arm 55 and closes when the work is machined.

The opening / closing operation of the side door 59 is performed by the cylinder 60, and it is confirmed by a limit switch that the side door 59 is fully opened, and the tool exchange operation is started based on the confirmation signal.

[0006]

In the above-mentioned prior art, the side door 5
It is confirmed by a limit switch that 9 is fully opened, and the tool exchange operation is started based on the confirmation signal. Therefore, the opening operation time of the side door 59 is added to the tool exchange operation, which is the tool exchange operation time. In addition, the opening and closing confirmation device and the control device for the side door 59 are required, and the cost is high. The electrical wiring and hydraulic piping for the opening and closing confirmation device and the control device complicate the configuration, which makes maintenance and inspection difficult. Have problems such as.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and its gist is to provide a cam shaft rotated by a cam driving motor, and a cam provided on the cam shaft. The drive device with the cam mechanism consisting of the tool exchanges the tool between the main spindle and the tool magazine by moving the center axis of the tool exchange arm parallel to the main spindle forward and backward and rotating forward and backward at a predetermined angle. An automatic tool changer having a tool changer arm arranged therein and an overall cover covering the periphery of the machine are provided with an opening for allowing the movement of the tool changer arm between the tool changer arm and the spindle. In a machine tool having a side door that opens and closes, the cam mechanism and the side door are linked via a link mechanism so as to open and close the side door in synchronization with the movement of the tool changing arm. That.

[0008]

With the above construction, the side mechanism is opened and closed in synchronization with the movement of the tool changing arm by the mechanical means of the link mechanism utilizing the cam mechanism of the tool changing arm driving device. Thereby, the opening / closing operation of the side door is performed within the range of the tool exchanging operation by the tool exchanging arm, and the tool exchanging operation time can be shortened.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, 50 is a column, and this column 5
A spindle head 51, which rotatably supports a spindle 52, is provided so as to be vertically movable. Reference numeral 53 denotes a tool magazine 53 in which various kinds of tools 54 are stored. Between the tool magazine 53 and the main shaft 52, a main shaft 52 which is moved forward and backward by a drive device 56 of a cam mechanism and is rotated forward and backward at a predetermined angle.
A tool exchanging arm 55 that rotates around an axis parallel to is arranged so that the tool exchanging arm 55 exchanges the tool between the tool magazine 53 and the spindle 52.

Reference numeral 57 denotes an overall cover that covers the periphery of the machine tool, and an opening 58 is formed in the overall cover 57 to allow the movement of the tool exchanging arm 55. When the tool exchanging arm 55 exchanges a tool, the opening 58 is provided. Open the
Side door 59 that closes the opening 58 when processing a workpiece
The (shutter) is supported by the column 50.

A drive device 56 using a cam mechanism for moving the tool exchanging arm 55 forward and backward and rotating forward and backward at a predetermined angle will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 is a housing of the drive unit 56, and the tool-changing arm central shaft 2 is rotatably supported so as to be movable back and forth in the axial direction. The tool change arm 5 is attached to the central axis 2 of the tool change arm.
5 is attached. Reference numeral 3 denotes a cam shaft, which is rotatably supported by the housing 1 so as to be rotatable about an axis orthogonal to the axis of the tool changing arm central axis 2, and one end of which is connected to an arm drive motor 56a.

A disk-shaped composite cam member 5 is provided on the cam shaft 3.
Is fixed to one end surface of the composite cam member 5,
A cam groove 5a for moving the tool changing arm central shaft 2 forward and backward in the axial direction by one rotation of the cam shaft 3 is provided, and the tool changing arm central shaft 2 is arranged at 90 ° on the outer peripheral surface of the composite cam member 5. A roller gear cam 5b that rotates forward and backward at an angle of 180 ° is provided.

Reference numeral 6 is a turning arm for advancing and retracting the tool changing arm. The swivel arm 6 is pivotally supported at one end thereof on the housing 1 by a support shaft 7 so as to swivel and swing around an axis parallel to the cam shaft 3. The swivel arm 6 has a first engaging roller 6a that engages with the cam groove 5a of the composite cam member 5.
And a second engagement roller 6b which engages with the annular groove 2a formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tool exchange arm central shaft 2.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a rotary shaft which is rotatably supported by the housing 1 in the axial direction parallel to the tool-changing arm central axis 2 in the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of the composite cam member 5. A roller gear 9 meshing with the roller gear cam 5b is provided on the rotary shaft 8. Further, the drive gear 1 is attached to the rotary shaft 8.
0 is fixed. Reference numeral 11 denotes an intermediate gear that meshes with the drive gear 10, and this intermediate gear 11 meshes with a driven gear 12 that is fixedly mounted on the tool exchange arm central shaft 2.

Tool changing arm 5 by the drive unit 56
5, the cam shaft 3 makes one rotation (0 to 360 °) to pivot 90 °, 180 °, and 90 ° from the original position, and also moves forward and backward to move one end of the tool exchange arm 55. Grips the tool 54 on the tool magazine 53 side, the other end grips the tool on the spindle 52 side, and the tool magazine 53 and the spindle 5
The tool is exchanged between the two.

According to the present invention, the opening / closing operation of the side door 59 is performed by using the driving device 56 of the tool changing arm 55 and synchronized with the movement of the tool changing arm 55 by the mechanical means of the link mechanism 70. It was done. An example of the specific configuration will be described below.

In FIG. 3, a cam groove 5c for opening and closing a side door is provided on the other end surface of the composite cam member 5, and the cam groove 5c has a third groove.
The engagement roller 13 is engaged. This third engagement roller 1
3 is provided on a driving member 14 connected to a lower end inside a housing 1 of a rotating shaft 15 rotatably supported on the housing 1 by an axis parallel to the cam shaft 3, and a third engaging roller 13 is formed by a cam groove 5c. And the rotary shaft 1 via the drive member 14.
It is designed to rotate 5.

The rotary shaft 15 and the side door 59 are linked by a link mechanism 70. The link mechanism 70 has the following linkage structure. As shown in FIG. 3, a first link 71 is coupled to an upper end of the rotary shaft 15 outside the housing 1, and a second link 72 is coupled to the first link 71. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, in the housing 1 in the vicinity of the rotary shaft 15, an interlocking shaft 75 is pierced through the upper and lower surfaces of the housing 1 along an axis parallel to the rotary shaft 15 and is supported. Third link 7 on top
3 is fixed in parallel with the first link 71, and the second link 72 is coupled to the third link 73. Also,
A fourth link 74 is fixed to the lower end side of the interlocking shaft 75, and a fifth link 76 extending parallel to the opening / closing direction of the side door 59 is coupled to the fourth link 74.

Reference numeral 77 is a bracket fixed to the column 50, and one end of a side door opening / closing arm 78 is pivotally attached to the bracket 77 by a pivot 79. The other end of the side door opening / closing arm 78 is connected to a pin 81 projecting on the side door 59 through an elongated hole 80. The side link opening / closing arm 78 is connected to the fifth link 76.

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, the side door 59 is opened and closed by the drive unit 56 in synchronization with the movement of the tool changing arm 55. That is, the rotating shaft 15 rotates forward and backward via the drive member 14 by the third engagement roller 13 guided by the cam groove 5c by the rotation of the cam shaft 3 of the drive device 56. The forward / reverse rotation of the rotating shaft 15 is transmitted to the interlocking shaft 75 via the first link 71, the second link 72, and the third link 73, and the interlocking shaft 75 rotates in the forward / reverse direction.

The forward and reverse rotations transmitted to the interlocking shaft 75 cause the fourth link 74 fixed to the lower side of the interlocking shaft 75.
Is turned, and the turning movement of the fourth link 74 moves the fifth link 76 forward and backward.

By the forward / backward movement of the fifth link 76,
The side door opening / closing arm 78 connected to the fifth link 76 pivots in the front-rear direction about a pivot 79 pivotally attached to the bracket 77 at one end thereof, and through a pin 81 and an elongated hole 80. The side door 59 opens and closes the opening 58 of the overall cover 57. The opening / closing operation of the side door 59 is performed by the drive device 5
It is performed in synchronization with the movement of the tool changing arm 55 by the cam mechanism 6 of FIG.

That is, as shown by the main arm rotation angle (tool exchange arm rotation angle) and the main arm front and rear (tool exchange arm front and rear) in FIG. 4, the tool exchange arm 55 moves the tool 54 by the rotation angle θ1 of the camshaft 3. Grip and cam shaft 3
The tool exchanging arm 55 starts to move forward at the rotation angle θ3 and is positioned at the forward end at the rotation angle θ5 of the cam shaft 3. This camshaft 3
Rotation angle θ4 of the cam shaft 3 at the midpoint between the rotation angles θ3 and θ5 of
To the rotation angle θ7 of the cam shaft 3, the tool exchange arm 55 starts to move backward from the rotation angle θ6 before the rotation angle θ7 of the cam shaft 3, and the tool exchange arm 55 starts moving backward.
The camshaft 3 is positioned at the backward end at the rotation angle θ8 of the cam shaft 3 after the rotation angle θ7 of θ. Then, at the rotation angle θ10 of the cam shaft 3, the tool exchange arm 55 releases the grip of the tool 54, and the tool magazine 53
The tool is exchanged between the spindle 52 and the spindle 52.

In the above tool change cycle, the side door 5
As shown by opening and closing the shutter in FIG. 4, the opening operation 9 is completed at the time of the rotation angle θ2 of the cam shaft 3 immediately after the rotation angle θ1 of the cam shaft 3. That is, the tool change arm 55
The side door 59 has already fully opened the opening portion 58 of the overall cover 57 at the time of gripping. The opened state of the side door 59 is maintained up to the rotation angle θ9 of the cam shaft 3 immediately before the rotation angle θ10 of the cam shaft 3 for releasing the grip of the tool 54 with the tool exchange arm 55 positioned at the retracted end. Immediately after the rotation angle θ9 of the side door 55, the side door 55 closes the opening 58 and operates to cover the entire cover 57.
The opening 58 is completely closed to prevent the scattering of coolant and cutting chips during machining of the work.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, the side cover which opens and closes the opening opened to allow the movement of the tool exchanging arm between the tool exchanging arm and the spindle in the entire cover that covers the periphery of the machine. Is linked with the cam mechanism of the drive of the tool changing arm via a link mechanism so that it can be opened and closed in synchronization with the movement of the tool changing arm. It is performed within the range of the tool change operation, the tool change operation time is shortened, the side door opening / closing confirmation device and the control device are not required, and the cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a drive device by a cam mechanism of a tool changing arm

FIG. 4 is an operation characteristic diagram in which the side door opens and closes in synchronization with the movement of the tool changing arm.

FIG. 5 is a conventional front view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Housing 2 Tool Exchange Arm Center Shaft 3 Cam Shaft 5 Complex Cam Member 5c Side Door Opening / Closing Cam Groove 6 Revolving Arm 14 Drive Member 15 Rotating Axis 50 Column 52 Spindle 53 Tool Magazine 54 Tool 55 Tool Exchange Arm 56 Drive Device 57 Overall Cover 58 Opening 59 Side Door (Shutter) 70 Link Mechanism 71 First Link 72 Second Link 73 Third Link 74 Fourth Link 75 Interlocking Shaft 76 Fifth Link 77 Bracket 78 Side Door Opening / Closing Arm

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cam shaft rotated by a cam driving motor,
A tool exchange arm center shaft parallel to the main shaft is moved forward and backward and is rotated forward and backward at a predetermined angle between the main shaft and the tool magazine by a drive device using a cam mechanism including a cam provided on the cam shaft. An automatic tool changer in which a tool change arm for exchanging the tool changer between the spindle and the tool magazine is arranged, and a movement of the tool change arm between the tool change arm and the spindle is allowed in the entire cover that covers the periphery of the machine. In a machine tool having an opening for opening and a side door that opens and closes the opening, the cam mechanism and the side door are opened and closed in synchronization with the movement of the tool changing arm. An automatic tool changer interlocking shutter characterized by being linked via a link mechanism.