JPH0768068B2 - Metal powder pigment painting method for ceramics - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a new metal powder pigment coating and coloring method that cannot be obtained by a conventional glaze coloring method in ceramics.

Among the coloring methods for ceramics, generally, there are (1) underpainting method and (2) overpainting method as so-called coloring with painting.

For the underlaying, draw a picture on the unglazed base with pigments, apply glaze,
The color is created by the overlapping of paint and glaze. Since the glazed porcelain is a main firing, the temperature is high, and it is limited to colors such as cobalt oxide, chromium oxide, and iron oxide.

On the other hand, overpainting is the work of transferring or hand-drawing the picture pattern to the finished white base product that has already been baked, but since it is a mixture of pigment and flux at 850 ° C or less, it is better than the underpainting. Many colors can be produced. However, due to the baking temperature, the most frequently used organic pigments cannot be used and are limited to inorganic pigments such as spinel pigments, sulfides, selenide pigments, and gold colloid pigments. .

Thus, the conventional color of ceramics has been either the color of the glass melted in the glass phase or the color of the pigments which are stably present in the glass phase.

That is, since the ware is baked to a very high degree of fire, it must be able to disappear even when exposed to high heat in order to give it a pattern as a sketch. Iron, cobalt, copper, chromium, and gold are the only things that retain color due to such high heat.
Others almost disappear.

In addition, the paint with the above painting is based on low fire glaze made of silica stone mixed with Kara earth, that is, lead carbonate or borax, and red iron if added red iron, iron oxide, green if copper oxide is added, copper carbonate If you put in, it will turn blue. In addition, purple has Kuresu or manganese, yellow has a white eye or antimony, and black has iron plus chrome.

As described above, in the conventional coloring method for ceramics, first, in terms of coloring, that is, paint, it is extremely limited to the heat-resistant inorganic type. This is because a process of baking with high heat such as firing after baking is always necessary after painting.

On the other hand, in recent years, for industrial mass production, a transfer method such as copper plate printing or lithographic printing has been used in this painting process. However, with this printing method, it is difficult to efficiently transfer, for example, around the entire peripheral surface of the pot shape. Further, although it is suitable for painting the same copy on all products, it is impossible to decorate the products so that the picture pattern is different for each product. Nowadays, it is more marketable to decorate each item differently than to copy it.

Next, decoration with glaze has been conventionally performed as one of the decoration techniques for ceramics. This glaze covers the whole body to reduce water absorption, prevent liquid leakage, give color and luster, enhance decorative effect, smooth the surface, prevent dirt,
Although it has the effect of making the utensils tough and making them difficult to break, this glaze and its manufacture and glaze always have the same tone no matter what time it is baked, even if it is a glaze adjusted with a certain prescription. It's not that you can get glaze.

Adjustment and preparation of the glaze are tasks that require a great deal of skill.

Finishing work is required after glaze.

Products that have been glazed require calcination firing. Despite the fact that the main firing in that case is the most nervous process,
Even if the same glaze and the same pigment are used, they will be completely different depending on the firing process. For this reason, the firing method must be examined according to the purpose.

There were drawbacks such as.

The present inventors, in view of such actual situation in the decoration of ceramics,
As a result of intensive research on how to streamline and speed up the manufacturing process, Japanese Patent Application No. 60-80656 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-242)
No. 975 gazette) "A method of decorating ceramics" is disclosed, but this basic invention is such that one side of the ceramic is fired without glaze on the base material and the other side is fired with glaze, and then the above-mentioned one The idea was to paint the side part with paint.

As a result, the process and work contents became extremely simple and easy, and the cost was immeasurable, but at the same time, we succeeded in developing some decorations that could not be expressed with glaze, and in ceramics, we used metal powder pigments to create spots. A decorative method that gives a patterned luxury image (Japanese Patent Application No. 60-8177).
No. 5 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-242976) has been disclosed.

That is, the preceding invention, one of the ceramic body is baked without applying glaze and the other base is baked with glaze, and then one of the bases is undercoated or undercoated with a paint, and then the undercoat Alternatively, apply a metal powder pigment dispersed in an organic solvent to the undercoating surface, pattern the metal powder pigment coating surface and fix it, and then apply topcoat and cure the formed coating film. It was the summary.

The present invention is a further development and improvement of the above prior invention,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a metal powder pigment coating and coloring method for ceramics, which is excellent in water resistance even when used for an extremely long period of time and further improves the adhesive strength of the coated surface.

That is, the present invention is, on one surface of the main ware or glazed porcelain, undercoating or priming with a paint after applying a water resistant adhesive, or priming or priming with a water resistant adhesive mixed paint Then, apply a metal powder pigment dispersed in an organic solvent to the undercoating or undercoating surface, pattern the metal powder pigment coating surface and fix it, then overcoat and cure the formed coating film In comparison with the above-mentioned prior invention and the conventional transfer method, the method of the present invention solves the conventional inefficient and difficult work that requires skill at a time, and it is significantly inexpensive and can be mass-produced in a short time. There is no practical problem in using the painted surface, and compared with the decorative method of the prior invention, the paint is not sucked onto the bisque surface, so the paint can be used to the maximum extent. Remarkably improves long-term water resistance and paint surface adhesion And, also, the mechanical properties of the overall gloss and ceramics also improved over those of the prior invention, particularly the peeling of the coated surface was hardly occurs.

In addition, compared to the transfer method, it is very easy to obtain the same tone of decoration regardless of where you look from the four sides.However, unlike the conventional transfer pattern, all the products are not the same copy-like decoration, It was easy to give each item its own uniqueness that is different in some way, and it was possible to obtain a decoration that matched the needs of the times.

Hereinafter, for convenience, the above-mentioned one surface will be described as an outer portion. In addition, the inner part of the ceramics and the outer part before painting and decorating were simply glaze-glazed or finished the main baking process.

Here, as the water-resistant adhesive, use, for example, an organic adhesive based on polyimide, polyallylsulfone, polytriazine, or the like, or a silicone-based or epoxy-based resin adhesive that has an adhesive force to ceramics. You can Further, a suitable water resistant inorganic adhesive may be used.

This water-resistant adhesive may be applied alone (directly) to one side of the glazed or main-baked pottery as a pre-process for painting and decorating with a paint, or it may be mixed with an undercoat paint such as lacquer to prepare a base coat. You may apply in process. Further, it may be mixed in the paint for decoration. The amount of the water-resistant adhesive mixed into the undercoat paint or the decorative paint should be determined experimentally in advance depending on the type of paint, the coating method, etc.

Next, the outer surface of the main firing or glaze is coated with a paint with the above-mentioned water-resistant adhesive interposed,
The types of paints include, for example, lacquers (cellulose derivative paints), synthetic resin paints (eg polyurethane resin paints), or transparent paints (varnish,
Clear or the like) or pigmented colored paints (enamel, paint, etc.) and the like can be appropriately selected according to the application and shape of the ceramics.

As a coating (coating film forming) method, brush coating, spray coating, electrostatic coating, flow coating, dip coating, roller coating, powder coating, and the like can be appropriately used depending on the application and shape.

The coating film can be cured by reaction heat or heating (by solvent evaporation, oxidative polymerization reaction, thermal condensation reaction, thermal fusion reaction, etc.), or photopolymerization method using energy rays such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams. Etc., depending on the type of paint and the application and shape of the ceramics. Particularly in the latter case, the reaction proceeds in a short time to form a hard coating film, so it is preferable to use a coating material that can be applied by this method as much as possible. Incidentally, the painting work can be performed either manually or automatically by a painting robot.

Regarding the coating process, since the coating surface is finished in the form of main baking or glaze baking, the adhesion of the paint will be poor as it is and the coating film may peel off. (Adjustment), it is necessary to take a structure corresponding to the primer. Therefore, it is necessary to interpose the water resistant adhesive described above.

Only after the presence of the water-resistant adhesive, the coating process can be immediately started, and the process proceeds from the undercoating → intermediate coating or painting coating → topcoating.

For the undercoat, a paint that adheres well to the base and dries quickly is preferable, and for example, lacquers can be used. As described above, it is possible to previously mix a water resistant adhesive with the lacquers.

Examples of metal powder pigments include aluminum powder commonly called silver powder and brass powder commonly called gold powder. This metal powder pigment is dispersed in an organic solvent and spray coated,
The dispersion medium is volatile, for example, alcohols,
Ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, esters and the like can be used.

Also, the patterning of the coated surface containing this metal powder pigment,
For example, as shown as an example below, one method is to treat the coated surface of the metal powder pigment with an organic solvent in a spot pattern. In that case, the same organic solvent as the dispersion medium can be used.

Further, the pattern formed as described above is fixed by adhering the metal powder pigment to the coated surface. For example, clear lacquer may be spray-coated on the surface to adhere the pattern.

The top coating is preferably spray coating to make the finish beautiful. As a top coating, generally weather resistance, water resistance,
Since salt water resistance, fading resistance, impact resistance, hardness, etc. are required, for example, urethane-based, acrylic-based, epoxy-based, alkyd-based, unsaturated polyester-based resin coatings are preferable, and these resin coatings include ultraviolet rays and electronic materials. Since a coating film curing method using lines has been developed, it is possible to form a coating film with high hardness in a short time. Note that the finishing process after coating is often unnecessary, unlike the case of glaze.

Such a porcelain manufactured by the decorative method of the present invention has the following excellent effects even when compared with the decorative method of the preceding invention.

Water resistance is significantly improved after long-term use. That is, in the prior invention coloring method, due to the nature of the substrate, some water absorption was unavoidable during long-term use, and the physical properties deteriorated during long-term use. On the contrary, in the decorative method of the present invention, the ceramic to be decorated is already glazed or baked, and in addition, a water-resistant adhesive layer is interposed between the decorative surface and the base surface. Because
The water resistance is doubled.

Next, the gloss of the decorative surface is significantly improved.

That is, in the prior invention, in order to improve the coating of the paint, the luster of the ceramic body was intentionally reduced. However, in the present invention, the coating of the paint is assured by the inclusion of the water-resistant adhesive, so that it is no longer necessary to reduce the gloss of the base. In the present invention, since a glaze-baked or fully-baked substrate having excellent gloss is already used, the gloss is further improved in combination with the coating applied on the substrate.

Also, the strength of the final product is significantly improved. That is,
In addition to the above-mentioned improvement in water resistance, since the base itself has already been glazed or baked, physical properties including strength are improved.In addition, the inclusion of a water-resistant adhesive contributes to further strength improvement. -ing

The adhesion of the painted surface to the substrate is significantly improved. That is,
In the prior invention, a coating layer having a high hardness and a high density and a rough unglazed surface having a relatively low hardness were difficult to adapt to each other, and the coated surface was often peeled off by an impact.

However, in the present invention, both the base surface and the coated surface are glossy and have high hardness, but since a water-resistant adhesive that is compatible with both is interposed, the peeling phenomenon on the coated surface unlike the prior invention hardly occurs. is there.

The paint can be used as effectively as possible without waste.
That is, in the prior invention, since the base is a rough unglazed surface, extra paint is needed because it is absorbed by the unglazed surface. The present invention eliminates that point.

Further, when comparing the coloring method of the present invention with the conventional transfer method, both are industrial painting methods, but the conventional transfer method can only paint the same copy on all products. On the contrary, in the present invention, even though it is mass production, it is possible to adopt a coloring method such that the pattern is different for each product, and it is called a coloring method that meets the needs of today's era of high-mix low-volume production and individuality and originality be able to.

In particular, it has been extremely difficult for the conventional transfer method to efficiently transfer the round surface of the 360 ° peripheral surface such as a pot shape.
However, in the present invention, such an operation is a very simple operation.

The pigments or paints used for transfer printing are almost similar to those on ceramics. In addition, paints used for transfer printing are mixed with each other according to the color scheme of the sketch, but there are at most three kinds of paints, and if there are more than three kinds, the colors of the paints alone are destroyed and the colors are deteriorated.

On the other hand, according to the coloring method of the present invention, almost all existing organic pigments can be used freely, and various coloring can be tried.

The overprinting, which is baked after transfer, takes a few hours even if the baking time is short, and 10 hours if it is long. On the other hand, according to the present invention, mass production is possible in a short time, cost reduction is immeasurable, and the effect is enormous.

Examples of the method of the present invention will be described below.

Example A large jar is formed from clay, dried, and then unglazed. Next, a glaze was applied on the inside, and the outside was baked on a basal ware basis. Since glaze is often performed separately on the inside and the outside, there is no problem in the process of glazeing only the inside. After the main baking, it was sufficiently cooled to room temperature.

Then, this jar before decoration was placed on a rocker board, and a polyallylsulfone-based adhesive as a water-resistant adhesive was applied to the entire surface of the outer substrate with an appropriate thickness, and then black lacquer was immediately spray-coated as an undercoat. After the undercoat lacquer was dried, a red paint was spray-painted through a masking plate punched into various pattern shapes to give a predetermined pattern.

Next, a predetermined amount of gold powder or brass powder was dispersed in a predetermined amount of alcohol solvent, and this was spray-coated on the entire surface of the undercoat. After the solvent is dried, a soft cloth impregnated with alcohol is lightly tapped on the gold powder coated surface.
At this time, the alcohol content leached from the cloth causes the gold powder to flow radially toward the edge of the lightly struck, so that the base pattern is exposed at the lightly struck, and it looks as if a spotted pattern. Present. In this state, it was immediately dried with a blower, and after drying, it was fixed by coating with clear lacquer so that the gold powder would not come off even if it was touched by hand. After that, apply a top coat with polyurethane resin paint, dry, and dry in a hot air oven at 100 ° C, 40
Baking for 1 minute was performed.

The jar thus produced has a glazed inside so that there is no problem in terms of physical properties with respect to the inside. The outside has a unique decoration that cannot be obtained by the conventional glaze method, and mass production is possible in a short time with simple equipment. The cured coating layer has much less physical strength required than the inside, so it has durability, heat resistance, water resistance, stain resistance, weather resistance, impact strength, and abrasion resistance. In terms of physical properties such as strength, gloss and hardness, there was no practical problem.

Further, the gloss was remarkably improved as compared with the product of the prior invention, and a clear improvement was also observed in the water resistance test and the mechanical strength test used for a long time.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claims: 1. One side of the main porcelain or glazed porcelain is coated with a water-resistant adhesive after coating with a paint or primed with a paint, or with a paint mixed with a waterproof adhesive, Then, the undercoat or undercoating surface is coated with a metal powder pigment dispersed in an organic solvent, and the metal powder pigment coated surface is patterned and fixed, and then overcoated, and the formed coating film is cured. A method for painting and decorating metal powder pigments in ceramics.