JPH0790832B2 - Combined support type super high speed ship with floater - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a composite support type ultra-high speed ship, and more specifically to a type in which the entire hull is supported by both lift of hydrofoil and buoyancy of lower hull (lower hull). The composite-supported ultra-high-speed ship of the present invention is provided with a floater as a preliminary buoyant force that moves up and down (rotates) to ensure continuous stability and enable shallow watering.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, as needs for speeding up various means of transportation by land, sea, and air have increased, passenger ship routes such as inland seas and remote islands have not been overlooked.
A major period of change is approaching with the aim of improving services that emphasize comfort and speed. Recently in Japan, an ultra-high-speed passenger ship, which supports the entire weight of the hull with hydrofoil and travels at ultra-high speed by water jet propulsion, has appeared and is responding to the needs of the passenger sector.

On the other hand, in the field of freight-only transportation, large-scale (increased load capacity) is needed to deliver large amounts of perishable food (vegetables, seafood, etc.) and electronic parts from foreign countries relatively close to Japan to demand areas on the same day (the same day). ) And needs for ultra-high speed have been greatly increased.

However, even though conventional high-speed freight (container) vessels are satisfactory in terms of load capacity, they cannot be handled because it takes too many transportation days because they are not ultra-high speed. Even if an ultra-high-speed cargo ship of the same type as the above-mentioned ultra-high-speed passenger ship is adopted, the type in which the weight of the hull is entirely supported by the lift of the hydrofoil will naturally limit the amount of load. For example, if a freighter with a loading capacity of several hundred tons is designed with this type of ship, huge hydrofoils will be required, and it is said that this is not feasible.

Therefore, in order to meet the needs for larger size and ultra high speed, a composite support type ultra high speed ship as shown in Fig. 6 has been proposed. That is, the hull is composed of an upper hull 1 and a lower hull 2, and struts 3 are fixedly provided between the both, and hydrofoils 5 are attached to the lower hull 2. 4 indicates a side strut. Here, the "composite support type" refers to a type of ship that supports the weight of the hull by both the buoyancy of the lower hull 2 and the lift of the hydrofoil 5 when sailing at ultra-high speed. That is, in this composite support ultrafast ship, at the time of low-speed run Wataru in Kissui of d ₂ where the upper hull 1 submerged slightly in water (hereinafter, the coastal run state is referred to as "boat run" or "Hitsubasahashi") and, at a high speed to fly by lift hydrofoil 5, to run Wataru in Kissui of d ₁ (the coastal run state hereinafter referred to as "Tsubasahashi"). In addition, WL shows the water surface.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

Such a composite-supported ship is inconvenient in that it cannot be started or stopped unless it is in a sea area with a predetermined water depth because the water drainage at the time of boating or at the time of berthing is inevitably large due to structural characteristics. There is. It does not undergo a possible wave effect when run wing, because you are higher than Kissui d ₁ when possible blade run the upper hull 1 for running stability ensured. In other words, the distance between the upper hull 1 and the lower hull 2 is large, and this is nothing other than that.

Therefore, when the port entry to port no predetermined depth or when docking for example periodic inspection of the hull should be shallower than the deep Kissui d _2. However, in the vessel shown in FIG. 6, when the non-wing running upper hull 1 is on the water surface WL, the hydrofoil 5 has no lift, so that the hull is mainly passed through the struts 3 and only the central lower hull is moved. To support it with
Moreover, since the water line area of the strut 3 is small, the stability is insufficient and the hull is inclined. Further, in the case of the composite-support type hull, since the lower hull 2 alone does not have the buoyancy to support the weight of the entire hull, it is not possible to shallow the dive during non-wing running.

In addition, as in the hydrofoil described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 58-93695 in FIG. 7, a floating body f that can be lifted and lowered on both sides to ensure rolling stability during running is provided. But there is
This floating body f merely achieves blade stabilization, is not sufficient as a means for shallow water drainage, and the phenomenon that the stability deteriorates when the floating body f is unloaded remains unresolved.

An object of the present invention is to easily solve the essential technical problem of such a composite-supported high-speed ship by providing a pair of floaters rotatably on the upper hull, and to make such a composite-supported high-speed ship easy to put into practical use. At the same time, it is to improve its usefulness, versatility, and stability.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the composite support type super high speed ship of the present invention is
A storage vessel having a hull composed of an upper hull and a lower hull, and supporting the hull in motion by both the buoyancy of the lower hull and the lift of hydrofoils attached to the lower hull. In the above, the pair of floaters on both sides forming a part of the bottom of the upper hull are turned to the side of the upper hull so that the buoyancy line of action acting on the floater in the vertical operating state is inside the hull from the pivot position. A guide means for movably supporting the floater is provided between the upper hull and the floater to guide the floater from the bottom position to the substantially vertical position. It is characterized in that a pouring / draining valve is provided so that the buoyancy of the floater can be varied.

[Action]

In the above configuration, when the floater is part of the bottom of the upper hull in a stored state where the floater is sailing in deep water, the floater acts as a means for adding drainage, and the floater is Swing from the storage position,
In the process of bringing it to a substantially vertical position, it acts as a means for imparting continuous stability to the hull, and the seawater inside the floater is filled with air at the vertical position where the floater is completely submerged. In the state of being discharged as a result, it acts as a means for shallow water drainage.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a composite-supporting ultra-high-speed ship of the present invention seen from the bottom direction, FIG. 2 is a side view of the same, and FIG. 3 is a front view of the same.

In these figures, 1 is the upper hull, 2 is the lower hull, and 3
Is a front and rear center strut, 4 is a front and rear side strut, 5 is a hydrofoil, 6 is a floater, and 7 is an upper structure. In addition, F shows a bow (part) and A shows a stern (part).

As shown in the figure, the composite support type ship includes an upper hull 1,
A center strut 3 having a streamlined cross section, which is erected front and rear at the center of the bottom of the ship, a pair of side struts 4 which are erected on both sides of the center strut 3, and fixed to the lower ends of the front and rear center struts 3. A torpedo-shaped lower hull 2 that extends in the front-rear direction of the upper hull 1 and has almost the same length as the upper hull 1.
It is mainly composed of a hydrofoil 5 projecting from the lower hull 2 in a substantially horizontal direction, supported by the side struts 4 and extending outward (laterally). In the present invention, a pair of floaters 6 are pivotally attached to both sides of the upper hull 1 at the sides thereof. Reference numeral 8 indicates the pivotal portion. During navigation, water is sucked from a suction port (not shown) provided near the lower end of the rear center strut 3 and jetted at a high speed from a water jet jet J provided at the end of the stern A to hull the hull. It is designed to obtain forward thrust.

As described above, there are two forward running states of such a composite-supported ship: the wing running state and the boat running state. That is, during high-speed traveling, the lift of the hydrofoil 5 and the buoyancy of the lower hull 2 support the weight of the entire hull, and the upper hull 1 is levitated while the wing is running. Since the lift of the hydrofoil is lost when the ship is stopped or when the ship is docked, the upper hull 1 is in a boat running state in which it is in contact with water and sails.

Because the speed is low in the harbor, the wing-running state transitions to the boat-running state, resulting in deeper water drainage. However, since the water depth is usually small inside the harbor and near the quay, it may not be possible to run and berth at this deep water. Therefore, a means of shallow watering is needed. As described above, in the conventional hull form, the stability (stability) of the entire hull significantly deteriorates during the stage when the hull is ascending or descending.

In consideration of such a case, the present invention adopts a floater-type shallow water reducing means. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the floater 6 has a rectangular box shape as a whole so as to function as a buoyant body for providing preliminary buoyancy. The floater 6 is usually located near the center of the upper hull 1 in the ship length direction,
It is arranged between the front and rear side struts 4. Reference numeral 6a indicates a storage recess such as a guide rail 9 described later.

In the retracted state of the floater 6, the floater 6 is stored in the recess 1a of the bottom (ship bottom) 1A of the upper hull 1, and the outer surface of the floater 6 is flush with the bottom 1A of the upper hull 1 and It is designed to form a part. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the inner upper portion of the floater 6 is provided with a taper (surface) 6b in an upward direction, and the taper surface 6b is positioned substantially horizontally during storage. Then, at the base end position of the tapered surface 6b, one ends of two link members 10 forming guide means are pivotally attached at two positions in front and rear, and the other ends are
As shown in FIG. 4, it is pivotally supported by a support shaft 15 having guide rollers 14 on both sides. The guide roller 14 enables the floater 6 to slide from the storage position to the vertical position while being guided by a channel-shaped guide rail 9 provided along the bottom surface 1A of the upper hull 1.

Reference numeral 16 is a wedge cleat for engaging the link member 10 to maintain the floater 6 in a vertical state, and 17 is a stopper provided on the guide rail 9.

FIG. 5 shows an example of automatic fixing means when the floater 6 is stored in the recess 1a in the bottom of the upper hull 1. That is, the floater 6 side is provided with a partially cutout portion 6c, and the locking rod 6d is provided therein. On the other hand, a hook 19 pivotally supported by a shaft 18 at a substantially central portion is provided on the side of the upper hull 1, a tension spring 21 is stretched on an arm 20 of the hook 19, and a releasing means is provided on the opposite side. The rod side of the cylinder 22 is pivotally attached. Therefore, when the floater 6 is lifted up and stored, the locking rod is lifted by the upward buoyancy applied to the floater 6 itself.
6d resists the elastic force of the tension spring 21 and once rotates the hook 19 to the position of the imaginary line, and then the hook 19 is rotated to the original position again by the spring force and the locked state is automatically obtained. To be formed. When it is released, the cylinder 22 pivotally attached to the arm 20 is operated. At this time, since the upward buoyancy acts on the floater 6, smooth release can be achieved.

Further, if necessary, for safety, a wedge cleat 23 is provided on the upper hull 1 side, and by extending this, the wedge cleat 23 is inserted into the locking hole 6e on the floater 6 side to ensure that the floater 6 is held securely. Good. The hook device may be omitted and only the wedge cleat 23 may be provided to form the fixed state.

On the other hand, the floater 6 has an air injection valve 1 above the floater 6 so that the floater 6 can function as a preliminary buoyancy force.
1, an air bleeding valve 12, and a pouring / draining valve 13 at the bottom. The number and size of these valves to be installed are appropriately determined in consideration of the volume of the floater 6 and the required descending and ascending speed. Although not shown, the air injection valve 11 is connected to a compressed air pipe of the hull. The pressure of this compressed air is set so that the water in the floater 6 can be discharged to the outside against the head of water corresponding to the stuttering water W2.

Next, the operation and function of the floater 6 will be described.

Take as an example the case of trying to shallow the water.

Now, it is assumed that the ship is sailing in the water of W2 and the floater 6 is in the retracted state. During this non-wing running (during boat running), the lower part of the upper hull 1 and the lower part of the floater 6 are submerged (see FIG. 2), resulting in a deep dive. However, it is usually necessary to use shallow water in the harbor where the water depth is shallow and near the quay.

Therefore, first, the fixing means of the hook (device) 19 and the wedge cleat 23 in FIG. 5 is released by remote control. In this case, since the buoyancy acts upward on the floater 6, the floater 6 does not descend. Due to this buoyancy effect, the release is smoothly performed.

Then, the lower pouring / draining valve 13 and the upper air bleeding valve 12 are opened. Then, the seawater is naturally poured into the floater 6 from the pouring / draining valve 13, and the floater 6 naturally descends due to gravity, that is, one floater 6 is rotated clockwise around the pivot portion (pivot position) 8. , And the other rotates counterclockwise (see FIG. 3). At the time of this rotation, the link member 10 slides while being guided by the guide rail 9 and finally hits the stopper 17 (FIG. 4). At this point, the floater 6 is in a substantially vertical position where it is completely submerged. At this position, the fixing means 16 of FIG. 4 is actuated to fix the link member 10 to form the fixed state of the floater 6. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, the link member 10 has a triangle formed by the bottom surface 1A of the upper hull 1 and the tapered surface 6b of the floater 6 so that the floater 6 can be positioned reliably.

Next, the air bleeding valve 12 is closed. Then, compressed air having a predetermined pressure is injected from the air injection valve 11 into the floater 6 to drain the seawater existing inside the floater 6. Then, the floater 6 itself floats, and the buoyancy gradually increases as the seawater inside the floater 6 is drained. And as this buoyancy increases, the ship gradually surfaced,
The stunning water gradually becomes shallower. The ship floats in the stiff water where the buoyancy of the upper hull 1, the lower hull 2, the floater 6 and the like and the total weight of the ship are balanced (for example, the stiff water of W1 in FIG. 2). During the operation of such a hull, the floaters 6 are on both sides of the center strut 3 and always work to ensure the stability of the hull. That is, the floater 6 also functions as means for imparting continuous stability to the hull during its operation.

The injection of compressed air is stopped when the water reaches a predetermined shallow water level. In this way, a series of operations for shallowing the waterfall is completed.

As described above, the floater 6 has both a function as a shallow water reducing means and a function as a means for continuously providing stability to the hull during its operation.

Next, when the floater 6 is moved from the vertical position to the retracted state, the pouring / draining valve 13 is opened and the air bleeding valve 12 is opened so that the water is drained from W1 to W2. At this time as well, the stability is continuously secured, and the stuttering is changed from W1 to W2. Then, the air bleeding valve 12 is closed and the fixing means 16 shown in FIG. 4 is removed. Then, air is injected from the air injection valve 11. As shown in FIG. 3, the pivot position 8 of the floater 6 is shown.
Is located at the outermost end of the upper hull 1, so that the buoyancy line B acting on the floater 6 is displaced inward from the pivot position 8.
A moment to rotate in the original storage direction acts on the floater 6 and gradually starts to rotate. . Thus floater 6
As it injects air, it naturally floats while rotating to the storage position, and is finally stored in the recess 1a on the bottom surface 1A of the upper hull 1. When all the water in the floater 6 is discharged by air injection in the stored state, the floater 6 works as a part of the hull to secure a predetermined amount of drainage. As described above, since the buoyancy acting upward is exerted on the lower surface of the floater 6, it can be easily fixed by the operation of the fixing means 19 (23) in FIG.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(A) By equipping the floater as a preliminary buoyancy that moves up and down, shallow water can be achieved smoothly. As a result, it is possible to navigate and berth in a shallow harbor over a wide range, and open up a wide range of utilization of such a composite support type ship.

(B) The floater also serves as a means for ensuring continuous stability during the operation of shallow water drainage, and also serves as a means for ensuring a predetermined amount of drainage during navigation.

(C) When the floater is stowed, it works as a buoyant body for the upper hull, so there is no waste, and since it is built into the ship, it can be used anywhere at any time.

(D) Since natural water injection and air-blown drainage are adopted for handling (rotation) of the floater, it is not necessary to provide a special device because a desired operation can be obtained by natural force.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 5 are explanatory views of an embodiment according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a composite-supporting ultra-high-speed ship according to the present invention as seen from the bottom side, and FIG. 2 is the same side surface. FIG. 3 is a front view of the same, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an essential part of the guide means, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an essential part of the fixing means of the floater. 6 and 7 are explanatory views of the prior art. 1 ... Upper hull, 2 ... Lower hull, 3 ... Center strut, 4 ... Side strut, 5 ... Hydrofoil, 6 ...
Floater, 7 ... Upper structure, 9 ... Guide rail, 10
...... Link member (guidance means), 19, 23 …… (Floater) fixing means, 11 …… Air injection valve, 12 …… Air bleeding valve,
13 ... injection / drainage valve, F ... bow (part), A ... stern (part), W1, W2 ... stuttering.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Takashi Fujinaga Inventor Takashi Fujinaga 3-1-1 Higashikawasaki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd. Kobe factory (56) Reference JP-A-57-55280 (JP, A) ) JP 60-4488 (JP, A) JP 58-15273 (JP, Y2)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A composite support type having a hull composed of an upper hull and a lower hull, and supporting a hull in motion by both the buoyancy of the lower hull and the lift of hydrofoils attached to the lower hull. In a ship, a pair of floaters on both sides forming a part of the bottom of the upper hull in the retracted state are arranged so that the buoyancy line of action acting on the floater is inward of the pivoting position in the vertical operating state. Guide means for rotatably pivotingly supporting the floater from the bottom position to the substantially vertical position is provided between the upper hull and the floater, and an injection valve is provided on the upper part of the floater. And a floater-equipped composite-support type ultra-high-speed ship, characterized in that a pouring / draining valve is provided in the lower part of the floater so that the buoyancy of the floater can be varied.