JPH0791754B2 - 複合不織布 - Google Patents

複合不織布

Info

Publication number
JPH0791754B2
JPH0791754B2 JP63152985A JP15298588A JPH0791754B2 JP H0791754 B2 JPH0791754 B2 JP H0791754B2 JP 63152985 A JP63152985 A JP 63152985A JP 15298588 A JP15298588 A JP 15298588A JP H0791754 B2 JPH0791754 B2 JP H0791754B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
woven fabric
fiber group
fiber
nonwoven fabric
pressure fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP63152985A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPH01321959A (ja
Inventor
哲 野崎
茂夫 今井
信 石神
勝司 富田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unicharm Corp
Original Assignee
Unicharm Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unicharm Corp filed Critical Unicharm Corp
Priority to JP63152985A priority Critical patent/JPH0791754B2/ja
Priority to US07/261,426 priority patent/US4883709A/en
Priority to CA000587259A priority patent/CA1279178C/en
Priority to FI890236A priority patent/FI95055C/fi
Priority to KR1019890000739A priority patent/KR950009488B1/ko
Priority to GB8902625A priority patent/GB2220010B/en
Priority to EP89111170A priority patent/EP0347829B1/de
Priority to DE58908303T priority patent/DE58908303D1/de
Publication of JPH01321959A publication Critical patent/JPH01321959A/ja
Publication of JPH0791754B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0791754B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/12—Surgeons' or patients' gowns or dresses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0012—Mechanical treatment, e.g. roughening, deforming, stretching
    • B32B2038/0028—Stretching, elongating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B32B2307/734—Dimensional stability
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/253—Cellulosic [e.g., wood, paper, cork, rayon, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/689—Hydroentangled nonwoven fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/697—Containing at least two chemically different strand or fiber materials

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、寸法安定性を有する複合不織布に関する。
〔従来の技術〕
繊維ウエブを高圧流体処理することで製造される交絡不
織布は経緯強度差が大きく、その用途が限定されるとい
う欠点があるため、該交絡不織布を幅方向に拡巾した
後、再度高圧流体処理したり、バインダー固定したり、
ヒートセットにより繊維を融着固定したりするという強
度差改善法が特開昭49−42970等に提案されている。
〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕
しかしながら、バインダーや融着固定は流体交絡不織布
が有するドレープ性・風合いを損なわせるという欠点が
ある。
拡巾後再度流体交絡処理することにより固定される不織
布は、一次流体交絡処理のみからの不織布の横方向／縦
方向強度比を改善するが、寸法安定性に寄与する両方向
初期強度は十分に改善されない。この欠点は、例えば、
縦方向に引張ると横方向の寸法変化（縮み）が、一方、
横方向に引張ると縦方向の寸法変化（縮み）が容易に起
こるという現象で示される。
本発明の目的は、上記従来技術の欠点に鑑み、ドレープ
性及び寸法安定性にすぐれた複合不織布を提供するとこ
ろにある。
〔課題を解決するための手段〕
本発明は、前記目的を達成するため、第１の繊維群から
なる不織布基材に第２の繊維群が高圧流体の作用下に交
絡されてなる複合不織布であって、前記基材は流体交絡
不織布が横方向に約20〜200％拡巾されてなるものであ
り、かつ、第１の繊維群を主体とする面上の噴流跡間隔
よりも間隔の狭い噴流跡が第２の繊維群を主体とする面
上に形成されていることを特徴とする。
〔実施態様〕
本発明を実施態様に基づいてさらに説明すると、以下の
とおりである。
本発明の複合不織布は、高圧流体により一次交絡処理さ
れた第１の繊維群からなる出発不織布を巾方向に張力を
かけて拡巾した後、拡巾不織布上に第２の繊維群を載置
し、高圧流体により二次交絡処理することで製造され
る。
第１の繊維群からなるカードウエブ等の繊維ウエブが公
知の方法によって流体交絡処理されて出発不織布が製造
される。この出発不織布を巾方向に当初の幅の約20〜20
0％拡巾して縦方向／横方向強度比が改善された複合不
織布の基材を形成する。拡巾倍率は約20〜100％が好ま
しく、基材の絶対強度を上げるため、第１の繊維群はポ
リエステル系繊維、アクリル系繊維、ナイロン系繊維、
ポリオレフィン系繊維から構成することが好ましく、ポ
リエステル系繊維単独使用がさらに好ましい。拡巾処理
においては、テンターフレーム等の公知の拡巾装置が使
用される。
基材上に導入される第２の繊維群は、基材に複合させ、
拡巾処理によって基材中に現出されるホールやルーズな
部分を充填強化することを主目的として使用されるた
め、繊維長約25mm以下の短繊維から構成することが好ま
しい。さらに、第２の繊維群は、ペーパー状又はスラリ
ー状といった繊維の配向性が少ない状態で基材上に導入
されることが好ましい。構成繊維としては、特に限定は
なく、ポリオレフィン系、ポリエステル系、ナイロン
系、ポリアクリル系、レーヨン系、セルロース系繊維な
どを用途に応じて単独又は混繊して使用できるが、偏平
状等の異形断面を有する繊維の使用が基材に対する抜
け、滑り等が少なく交絡し易いため好ましい。具体的に
は、ペーパー状又はスラリー状の木材パルプ繊維やその
他のセルロース系パルプ繊維を基材上に単層若しくは複
数層で導入される。基材上に第２の繊維群が導入された
後、再度流体交絡処理して両者が複合化される。
縦方向（MD）及び横方向（CD）両方向の初期強度を上
げ、製造される不織布に寸法安定性を付与する上で、第
２繊維群の第１繊維群に対する重量比は、少なくとも1/
4であることが好ましい。例えば、目付40g/m2の拡巾不
織布に対して、少なくとも10g/m2のペーパー状パルプ繊
維が複合化される。
二次流体交絡処理はアメリカ特許第3,485,706号等に開
示されている従来の交絡法を利用することができる。
流体交絡法においては、高圧流体を噴射するオリフィス
の配置間隔に対応した間隔で、交絡強度の高い連続線
（噴流跡）が複数列不織布中に形成されるが、拡巾処理
によって出発不織布の噴流跡間隔が拡大され、隣接する
噴流跡の間の領域に前述したホールやルーズな部分が主
として現出される。したがって、こうした不織布領域に
第２の繊維群を充填複合するに際しては、二次交絡処理
において、拡巾不織布中の噴流跡間隔よりも狭いオリフ
ィス配置間隔で高圧流体を噴射することが好ましい。こ
うして製造された複合不織布は、拡巾不織布の隣接噴流
跡の間に第２繊維群が主として充填交絡され、前記ホー
ルやルーズな部分が補強される。そして、この複合不織
布においては、第１の繊維群を主体とする面に見られる
噴流跡間隔よりも間隔の狭い噴流跡が第２の繊維群を主
体とする面に見出される。本発明の複合不織布は、MD及
びCD両方向に（伸度−引張り強度）相関図におけるＳカ
ーブの立上りが大きく、初期強度が高くて引張りに抗し
て伸びにくいという寸法安定性に要求される物性を有す
る。
以下に本発明の実施例及び比較例を示す。
比較例１ 1.4d×44mmのポリエステル繊維100％からなるカードウ
エブに一次高圧流体交絡処理を施し、目付40g/m2の出発
不織布を得た。この不織布を横方向（CD）に約30％拡巾
した後、圧力50kg/cm2の高圧流体により二次交絡処理し
た。
実施例１ 目付40g/m2の出発不織布を横方向（CD）に約30％拡巾し
たものの上に目付21g/m2のペーパー状パルプ繊維シート
を２枚重ねて載置し、その上方から比較例１と同様に圧
力50kg/cm2の高圧流体により二次交絡処理を行なった。
比較例１、実施例１から得られた不織布のMD及びCD両方
向への伸度−引張り強度相関関係を測定し、それぞれ破
線及び実線で第１図及び第２図に示した。
なお、実施例１、比較例１それぞれにおいて、二次交絡
処理時の処理段数、すなわち流体エネルギー付加量を増
加させて得た不織布の物性を測定したところ、伸度−引
張り強度相関関係に差異はほとんど生じないことが示さ
れた。
実施例２ 1.4d×44mmのポリエステル繊維100％からなるカードウ
エブに高圧流体交絡処理を行ない目付52g/m2の不織布を
得た。この不織布を横方向（CD）に約30％拡巾した上
に、目付20g/m2のペーパー状パルプ繊維シートを導入
し、再度高圧流体処理を施して目付約60g/m2の複合不織
布を得た。
比較例２ 1.4d×44mmのポリエステル繊維100％からなるカードウ
エブに高圧流体交絡処理を行ない目付80g/m2の不織布を
得た。これを横方向（CD）に約30％拡巾した後、再度高
圧流体処理を施して目付約60g/m2の不織布を得た。
実施例２、比較例２から得られた不織布のMD及びCD両方
向への伸度−引張り強度相関関係を測定し、これを表１
に示した。
また、表２には、MD/CD両方向への引張り力の作用によ
り生ずるCD/MD方向の寸法変化（減少率）を、第１及び
第２繊維群の重量比を変化させて測定した結果を示し
た。寸法変化の測定にあたっては、各不織布から標準寸
法（200×50mm）のサンプルを取出し、MD方向には2kg
の、そしてCD方向には250gの荷重で拡巾を行なって、そ
れぞれCD及びMD方向の寸法減少率を計った。
〔発明の効果〕 本発明に係る複合不織布によれば、初期強度が高くて引
張りに抗して伸びにくいという優れた寸法安定性を有
し、しかもドレープ性・風合いも良好である。したがっ
て、特に医療用衣服等の素材として実用に供し極めて有
益である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図及び第２図は、実施例１、比較例１における不織
布のMD及びCD両方向への伸度−引張り強度相関関係を示
すグラフである。

Claims (1)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項１】第１の繊維群からなる不織布基材に第２の
    繊維群が高圧流体の作用下に交絡されてなる複合不織布
    であって、 前記基材は流体交絡不織布が横方向に約20〜200％拡巾
    されてなるものであり、かつ、第１の繊維群を主体とす
    る面上の噴流跡間隔よりも間隔の狭い噴流跡が第２の繊
    維群を主体とする面上に形成されていることを特徴とす
    る前記不織布。
JP63152985A 1988-06-21 1988-06-21 複合不織布 Expired - Lifetime JPH0791754B2 (ja)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63152985A JPH0791754B2 (ja) 1988-06-21 1988-06-21 複合不織布
US07/261,426 US4883709A (en) 1988-06-21 1988-10-24 Composite non-woven fabric and process for preparing such non-woven fabric
CA000587259A CA1279178C (en) 1988-06-21 1988-12-29 Composite nonwoven fabric and process for preparing such nonwoven fabric
FI890236A FI95055C (fi) 1988-06-21 1989-01-17 Yhdistelmäkuitukangas ja menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi
KR1019890000739A KR950009488B1 (ko) 1988-06-21 1989-01-25 복합부직포 및 그것의 제조방법
GB8902625A GB2220010B (en) 1988-06-21 1989-02-07 Composite nonwoven fabric and process for preparing such nonwoven fabric
EP89111170A EP0347829B1 (de) 1988-06-21 1989-06-20 Faservlieskomposit und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines solchen Vlieses
DE58908303T DE58908303D1 (de) 1988-06-21 1989-06-20 Faservlieskomposit und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines solchen Vlieses.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63152985A JPH0791754B2 (ja) 1988-06-21 1988-06-21 複合不織布

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH01321959A JPH01321959A (ja) 1989-12-27
JPH0791754B2 true JPH0791754B2 (ja) 1995-10-04

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JP63152985A Expired - Lifetime JPH0791754B2 (ja) 1988-06-21 1988-06-21 複合不織布

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US (1) US4883709A (ja)
EP (1) EP0347829B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH0791754B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR950009488B1 (ja)
CA (1) CA1279178C (ja)
DE (1) DE58908303D1 (ja)
FI (1) FI95055C (ja)
GB (1) GB2220010B (ja)

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WO1997013020A1 (en) * 1995-10-06 1997-04-10 Nippon Petrochemicals Company, Limited Water jet intertwined nonwoven cloth and method of manufacturing the same
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI890236A0 (fi) 1989-01-17
KR900000529A (ko) 1990-01-30
FI95055B (fi) 1995-08-31
US4883709A (en) 1989-11-28
GB2220010B (en) 1992-06-24
EP0347829B1 (de) 1994-09-07
JPH01321959A (ja) 1989-12-27
DE58908303D1 (de) 1994-10-13
GB8902625D0 (en) 1989-03-30
GB2220010A (en) 1989-12-28
FI890236L (fi) 1989-12-22
KR950009488B1 (ko) 1995-08-23
FI95055C (fi) 1995-12-11
CA1279178C (en) 1991-01-22
EP0347829A2 (de) 1989-12-27
EP0347829A3 (en) 1990-09-19

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