JPH079332A - Cylindrical grinder and grinding method using the cylindrical grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] While mounted on the grinding machine, the amount of deviation from parallel to the table feed direction of the work can be checked to adjust the angle in parallel, and the remaining grinding amount can be checked without removing the work. PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cylindrical grinder capable of performing [Construction] On a bed 10, a swivel table 22 is supported on a guide table 21 movable in the X-axis direction so as to swivel around a vertical axis, and a work is held on the swivel table 22. A table 20 having a work headstock 23 and a tailstock 24, a grindstone base 30 movable in the Y-axis direction, a CCD camera 40 capable of detecting the parallelism of the workpiece held on the table in the X-axis direction, and A monitor 50 is provided, and C
Based on the detection results of the CD camera and the monitor, the turning table 22 can be adjusted in angle so that the workpiece is parallel to the X axis. Then, while the work is attached to the grinder, it is adjusted so as to be parallel while observing the monitor.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cylindrical grinding machine for grinding a circular outer surface of a work with a grindstone while rotating the work, and a grinding method using the cylindrical grinding machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A smooth arcuate outer surface of a magnetic head of a tape recorder is finished by lapping after grinding with a grindstone. The grinding of the arcuate outer surface is performed by a cylindrical grinder while rotating the workpiece (workpiece) with the arc center axis as the rotation axis.

A cylindrical grinder includes a table having a work holding mechanism for rotatably holding a work on a bed 10 and a grinding wheel base for rotatably supporting a grinding wheel. Normally, the table rotates the work. The grindstone head is configured to move in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the table while being fed and moved parallel to the axis. Then, a notch is given by the movement of the grindstone, and the work held by the holding mechanism is rotated to feed and move the table for grinding.

The work holding mechanism is configured to hold a work between both centers of a headstock and a tailstock so as to rotatably hold the work. In the case of a work that cannot be held directly by such a holding mechanism due to the special shape of the magnetic head of the tape recorder, the work is held via the processing jig. That is, the work is fixed to the processing jig and the jig is held by the holding mechanism. In such a holding structure via a jig, since the mounting accuracy of the work on the jig affects the processing accuracy, the jig is configured so that the mounting position of the work can be finely adjusted.

As an example, a jig for processing a magnetic head of a tape recorder is shown in FIG. Jig 70 as shown
Is composed of a parent jig 71 and a child jig 72 mounted on the parent jig 71 so as to be positionally adjustable. Parent jig 71
Is provided with a positioning surface 71a and a supporting surface 71b perpendicular to the positioning surface 71a, and at both ends in the longitudinal direction, supporting portions 71d having center holes 71c formed on the end surfaces are provided in a protruding manner. On the other hand, the child jig 72 is a positioning surface 71a of the parent jig 71.
And a surface corresponding to the supporting surface 71b, which is a rectangular parallelepiped, and a surface opposite to the surface (bottom surface 72c) corresponding to the positioning surface 71a is a supporting surface 72a for supporting the magnetic head 80 as a work. One side surface orthogonal to the support surface 72a is a mounting surface 72b. The magnetic head 80 is fixed to the supporting surface 72a of the child jig 72 with wax at the bottom surface 81, and the child jig 72 to which the magnetic head 80 is fixed penetrates the parent jig 71 through the child jig supporting surface 72b. It is attached by a fixing screw 73. That is, the child jig 7
2, the mounting surface 72b is fixed to the supporting surface 71b of the parent jig by closely contacting it.

Here, in a cylindrical grinder that grinds a work while feeding the work in the direction of its rotation axis, unless the work surface of the work is set parallel to the feed movement direction of the table, the work is machined in the longitudinal direction of the work. There is a difference in the amount and the work is processed into a taper shape. The illustrated magnetic head 80
In this case, the height from the bottom surface 81 to the top of the arcuate portion differs in the longitudinal direction. For this reason, the adjusting screw 74 is arranged in the vicinity of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the parent jig 72 in a direction orthogonal to the positioning surface 71a, and the tip of the adjusting screw 74 presses the bottom surface 72c of the small jig 72. The magnetic head 80 can be adjusted in and out in the height direction.

A mark 82 is provided on the side surface of the magnetic head 80 in the vicinity of both longitudinal ends thereof in parallel with the bottom surface 81.
While checking the distance from the reference surface 71e of the parent jig 72 with a microscope, the magnetic head 80 integrated with the small jig 72 is adjusted in and out, and the magnetic head 80 is mounted parallel to the parent jig 71. I have to.

The mark 82 provided on the side surface of the magnetic head 80 is also used for confirming the remaining amount of grinding during the grinding process, and the confirmation is performed by a jig (parent jig 71,
The small jig 72 and the magnetic head 80) are once removed from the grinding machine, and the ridge line 85 formed by the arcuate grinding surface (upper surface 83) and the side surface 84 and the distance x between the marks 82 are measured by a microscope. There is. FIG. 9 shows a flowchart of the grinding process of the magnetic head 80.

[0009]

However, as described above, the work (magnetic head 80) is fixed to the jig (parent jig 71).
Even if the jig is mounted in parallel with the jig, if the jig is held by the work holding mechanism of the grinder, it is not possible to make a dimensional error of the jig itself and to prevent the jig from being parallel when the jig is attached to the work holding mechanism. May cause the work to not be parallel to the table feed direction (parallelism may be out of order), which causes the cutting amount (grinding amount) in the longitudinal direction of the work.
However, there is a problem in that the machining accuracy is reduced due to non-uniformity.

When checking the remaining amount of grinding during the grinding process, it is necessary to remove the jig (work) from the work holding mechanism each time and check with a microscope, which is very troublesome and time-consuming. It couldn't be done frequently because it required. Furthermore, by attaching / detaching the jig, the deviation of the parallelism of the workpiece with respect to the feed direction of the workpiece changes before and after the attachment / detachment.As a result, after the remaining machining amount is confirmed, grinding is performed under the same machining conditions as before the remaining machining amount confirmation. There is a problem that the processing cannot be continued and a large variation occurs in the finished size.

The present invention has been made in view of the above background, and an object of the present invention is to measure the deviation amount from the parallel to the feed direction of the table of the work in a state where the work is mounted on the grinder through a jig. Cylindrical grinding machine that can be checked and the angle can be adjusted based on the result so that the work is parallel to the feed direction of the table, and the remaining grinding amount can be checked without removing the work. Another object of the present invention is to provide a grinding method which can reasonably perform highly accurate grinding with less variation using the cylindrical grinding machine.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above object, in a cylindrical grinding machine according to the present invention, a grindstone support portion for rotatably driving a grindstone and a work holding portion for rotatably holding a work are provided. It is provided so as to be movable in and out of contact, the work holding portion is capable of being fed and moved in a direction orthogonal to the direction of separation and contact with the grindstone support portion, and the outer surface of the work is held by the grindstone by rotating and moving the work. In the case of grinding in an arc shape, the work holding part is configured to be adjustable in angle from a state in which the work rotation axis is parallel to the feed movement direction to a direction in which the work wheel is separated from and in contact with the grindstone support part, and is held by the work holding part. The parallelism detecting means is capable of detecting the amount of deviation of the surface to be ground of the workpiece from the direction parallel to the feed movement direction.

Further, as a grinding method using the cylindrical grinder, after holding the work in the work holding part,
The parallelism detecting means detects a deviation amount of the surface to be inspected from parallel to the feed movement direction, and based on the detected deviation amount, the surface to be ground becomes parallel to the feed movement direction. Grinding is performed by adjusting the angle of the work rotation axis, and the remaining amount of machining during the grinding step is confirmed by the parallelism detecting means while holding the work in the work holding portion.

[0014]

Function: The parallelism detecting means detects the amount of deviation from the parallel to the feed movement direction of the grinding surface of the work held in the work holding part, and based on the detected amount of deviation, the work rotation axis of the work holding part. The angle of is adjusted so that the work surface to be ground becomes parallel to the feed movement direction. As a result, the work is uniformly processed in the longitudinal direction.

Further, by performing the grinding process while confirming the remaining machining amount by the parallelism detecting means without attaching or detaching the work, the deviation of the parallelism caused by the attachment or detachment of the work does not change.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a cylindrical grinding machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA.
This embodiment is an example in which a magnetic head of a tape recorder is used as a work and its arcuate outer surface is ground.

As shown, the cylindrical grinder 1 is a bed 1
A table 20 as a work holding unit having a mechanism for rotatably holding the work on the surface of the work piece 0, and a grindstone base 30 for rotatably supporting the grindstone wheel.

On the upper surface of the bed 10, the sliding surface 10 of the table 20 is arranged on the front side in FIG. 1 along the longitudinal direction thereof.
The surface a is formed, and the sliding surface (not shown) of the grindstone base 30 is formed on the rear surface in a direction orthogonal to the surface a. The table 20 and the grindstone base 30 are slidably movable on the respective sliding surfaces. It is installed. That is, table 2
0 is movable in the longitudinal direction of the bed 10 (this is referred to as the X-axis direction), and the grindstone 30 is in the direction (Y direction) orthogonal to this.
It is movable in the axial direction). The table 20 and the whetstone base 30 are hydraulically moved and driven,
Manual handles 11 and 12 arranged in front of the bed 10
It can also be moved and driven by manually operating.

The grindstone base 30 is provided with a rotary shaft 32 arranged in parallel with the X axis which is rotationally driven by a motor 31,
A grinding wheel 33 is detachably supported in a cantilever state on one end of the rotary shaft 32. The rotating shaft 32 always moves in the Y-axis direction in parallel with the X-axis as the grindstone base 30 moves.

The grinding wheel 33 is a disc having a predetermined thickness,
A notch is provided by the movement of the grindstone base 30, and the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone grinds the work surface of the workpiece. The periphery of the grinding wheel 33 is covered with a cover 34 except for the side facing the table 20.
Is covered by.

The table 20 is a sliding surface 1 of the bed 10.
On a guide table 21 having a sliding surface with 0a, a revolving table 22 is supported so as to be revolvable within a predetermined angle range around a vertical rotation shaft 23. A dovetail 22a is formed on the upper surface of the revolving table 22 along the longitudinal direction thereof. The dovetail 22a is provided with a work spindle stock 23 and a tailstock 24 having centers 23c and 24c, respectively.
However, the centers 23c and 24c are provided so as to face each other on the same line (workpiece rotation axis). The work headstock 23 and the tailstock 24 are guided by the dovetail 22a and are movable in a direction parallel to the workpiece rotation axis, and can be fixed at arbitrary positions. As a result, the work headstock 23
The work can be sandwiched between the centers 23c and 24c of the tailstock 24 and rotatably held.

In the work headstock 23, a face plate rotatably provided coaxially with the center 23c is rotationally driven by a motor 23m, and the rotation is transmitted to the work through the face plate.

In the cylindrical grinder 1 having the above structure, a center hole corresponding to the arc center axis of the surface to be ground is formed in the side end surface of the work, and the work spindle stock 23 and the tailstock 24 are formed in the center holes.
The centers 23c and 24c are fitted to hold the work so that it can be driven to rotate. Then, the swivel table 22 is swiveled with respect to the guide table 21 so that the surface to be ground of the workpiece is parallel to the X axis, and the angle is adjusted, and the table 20 is reciprocally moved in the X axis direction while rotating the workpiece. At the same time, the grindstone base 30 that rotationally drives the grindstone 33 is moved in the Y-axis direction to make a cut, and the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 33 grinds the surface to be ground of the workpiece.

The cylindrical grinder 1 is provided with a CCD camera 40 above the table 20 as a parallelism detecting means, and a CCD camera 40 on the bed 10 on the right rear side.
A monitor 50 for displaying the image picked up by is provided.

The CCD camera 40 is provided at the tip of an arm 42 that is horizontally supported by a vertical support shaft 41 fixed to the upper surface of the bed 10 in front of the table 20 and has its photographing direction vertically downward. ing.
The position of the arm 42 can be adjusted up and down with respect to the support shaft 41, and the length of the arm 42 is a magnetic head, which is a work in this embodiment described later, in which the supporting CCD camera 40 is held on the table 20. It is set so as to be able to pick up images of the 60 parts to be ground.

The lens of the CCD camera 40 is set so as to magnify the image of the subject (work) and display it on the monitor 50, and the scale shown in FIG. 3 is arranged on the image forming plane so that the dimension of the subject can be measured. The image is overlapped with the subject image and displayed on the monitor 50.

The scale is provided with a horizontal reference line and a measurement graduation carved in a direction orthogonal to the center of the reference line. The reference line coincides with the X-axis direction on the monitor screen, and the measurement graduation direction is Y. It matches the axial direction.

As shown in FIG. 4, the magnetic head 60 of a tape recorder, which is a work, has a rectangular parallelepiped upper surface formed as an arc-shaped head surface 61 having a predetermined radius centered on an axis parallel to the longitudinal direction thereof, which is a so-called kamaboko shape. Is presenting. Reference marks 63 parallel to the bottom surface 62 are provided in the vicinity of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the side surface. This magnetic head 60
Is adhered and fixed to a jig 90 by wax as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 5, and is held on the table 20 of the cylindrical grinder 1 through the jig 90.

The jig 90 is provided with a bottom surface 62 of the magnetic head 60 and two positioning surfaces 91 which are in contact with each other at one side surface and are orthogonal to each other, and support portions 92 having center holes 93 formed at the end surfaces at both longitudinal ends. It is projected. With the bottom surface 62 and the side surface of the magnetic head 60 in contact with the positioning surface 91 at the same time,
The line connecting the center holes 93 of the both-end supporting portions 92 is the magnetic head 6
It is formed so as to coincide with the arc center axis of the head surface 61 of zero.

Next, the grinding process of the magnetic head 60 by the cylindrical grinding machine 1 having the above-mentioned structure will be described with reference to the grinding process flow chart of FIG. First, the jig 9
The magnetic head 60 is fixed to the jig 90 with wax in a state where the bottom surface 62 and the side surface of the magnetic head 60 are in contact with the positioning surface 91 of 0 at the same time (S1).

Then, the jig 90 to which the magnetic head 60 is fixed is fitted to the table 20 by fitting the centers 23c and 24c of the work spindle stock 23 and the tailstock 24 into the center holes 93 (S2).

Next, the rotational position of the jig 90 is adjusted so that the side surface of the magnetic head 60 on the side not supported by the positioning surface 91 of the jig 90 becomes horizontal, and the CCD camera 4 is moved.
The image pickup of the magnetic head 60 by 0 is displayed on the monitor 50, and the reference mark 63 of the magnetic head 60 is confirmed while moving the table 20 in the X-axis direction (S3). That is, as shown in FIG. 7, after aligning, for example, the lower edge of the reference mark 63 at one end with the reference line of the scale on the screen, the table 20 is moved in the X-axis direction to move the mark 63 at the other end. Put it in the field of view and see if there is a deviation from the reference line. If the deviation is confirmed here (S4, NO), the turning table is arranged so that the reference mark 63 of the magnetic head 60 does not deviate from the reference line on the screen of the monitor 50 even if the table 20 is moved in the X-axis direction. Adjust the turning angle of 22 (S
5). As a result, the magnetic head 60 becomes parallel to the X axis, which is the feeding direction of the table 20. That is, if there is a deviation, it means that the magnetic head 60 is not held parallel to the X axis, which is the feeding direction of the table 20,
In order to correct this, the turning table 22 is turned with respect to the guide table 21.

In this way, with the magnetic head 60 parallel to the X axis, which is the feeding direction of the table 20, the table 20 is reciprocally moved in the X axis direction while rotating the jig 90 (magnetic head 60). And let the whetstone stand 30 be Y
Make a cut by gradually moving to the axial table 20 side,
Rough grinding is performed on the arc-shaped head surface 61 of the magnetic head 60 (S6).

When a predetermined amount of rough machining is completed, the apparatus is once stopped and the reference mark 63 portion on the side surface of the magnetic head 60 is imaged by the CCD camera 40 and the monitor 5 is displayed.
0 is displayed, and the distance x between the reference mark 63 and the ridgeline 64 formed between the grinding surface (arc-shaped head surface 61) and the side surface is measured using a scale to confirm the remaining grinding amount. Yes (S7).

Then, finish grinding is performed based on the confirmed remaining amount of grinding (S8), and then it is confirmed that the desired grinding is completed in the same manner as the confirmation of the remaining amount of grinding described above (S9). ), If correction processing is required (S10, Y
For ES), the jig 90 is removed from the cylindrical grinding device 1 (S11), and the magnetic head 60 is removed from the jig 90.
Is removed (S12), whereby the grinding process is completed.

According to the cylindrical grinder 1 and the processing method thereof, it is possible to confirm the parallelism with respect to the feeding direction (X-axis direction) of the magnetic head 60 mounted on the cylindrical grinder 1 via the jig 90. In addition, when the rotation table 21 is not parallel, the rotary table 21 can be corrected to be parallel to the processing by adjusting the angle with respect to the slide table 21, whereby highly accurate processing can be performed. Also,
The jig 90 (magnetic head 6
0) can be performed without removing it, and rational processing can be performed, and the variation in the finished dimension due to the change in the holding state due to the attachment and detachment of the jig is eliminated. Further, it is not necessary to provide the jig with a mechanism for adjusting the position of the work, and the structure of the jig can be simplified.

In the above embodiment, the CCD camera 40 and the monitor 50 are used as the parallelism detecting means, but the parallelism detecting means is not limited to this, and can be appropriately changed by mounting a microscope, for example.

[0038]

As described above, according to the cylindrical grinding machine of the present invention, the deviation amount from the parallel with respect to the feeding direction of the table of the work is determined by the parallelism detecting means while being mounted on the grinding machine through the jig. Based on the result, the angle of the work can be adjusted so that the work is parallel to the feed direction of the table, and the remaining grinding amount can be confirmed without removing the work.

Further, according to the grinding method of the present invention, the parallelism with respect to the feed direction is confirmed while the work is held on the cylindrical grinding machine through the jig, and if the work is not parallel, the parallelism is adjusted. Highly accurate processing can be performed. Further, by performing the dimension confirmation during the machining process without removing the jig, it is possible to rationalize the grinding process and eliminate the variation in the machining dimension due to the change in the holding state due to the attachment and detachment of the jig. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cylindrical grinder that is an embodiment of the cylindrical grinder according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a scale.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a magnetic head.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing a jig and a structure for fixing a magnetic head to the jig.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing a grinding process which is an embodiment of a processing method using a cylindrical grinding machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a procedure of parallel alignment.

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing a jig as a conventional example and a work fixing structure to the jig.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a conventional grinding process.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cylindrical grinder 20 Table (workpiece holding part) 30 Grindstone stand (grindstone holding part) 33 Grindstone (grinding wheel) 40 CCD camera (parallelism detecting means) 50 Monitor (parallelism detecting means) 60 Magnetic head (workpiece) 61 yen Arc head surface (surface to be ground)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A grindstone support part for rotatably supporting a grindstone and a work holding part for rotatably holding a work are provided so as to be movable toward and away from each other, and the work holding part is the grindstone support part. It is possible to feed and move in a direction orthogonal to the separating and contacting direction with, and in which the outer surface of the work is ground in an arc by the feed while rotating and moving the work, the work holding portion is a work rotation shaft. The state of being parallel to the feed movement direction, while being configured to be able to adjust the angle in the direction of contacting and separating from the grindstone support portion, the surface to be ground of the work held by the work holding portion, with the feed movement direction. A cylindrical grinding machine comprising a parallelism detecting means capable of detecting a deviation amount from parallel. 2. After holding the work in the work holding portion, the parallelism detecting means detects a deviation amount of the surface to be inspected from parallel to the feed movement direction, and detects the deviation amount. Based on this, the workpiece rotating shaft is angle-adjusted so that the surface to be ground is parallel to the feed movement direction, and grinding is performed, and confirmation of the remaining amount of machining during the grinding process is performed by the parallelism detecting means. The grinding method with a cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the grinding is performed while holding the work in the work holding part.