JPH079406A - Cutting device such as tenon processing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform highly accurate tenon processing on the basis of the accurately detected upper surface position of a processing material. CONSTITUTION:A main shaft head 9 equipped with a processing cutter S is provided to a rising and falling base 4 moved vertically by a drive motor M1. A rising and falling guide 21 is provided to the rising and falling base 4 and a rising and falling member 24 and a cover member 22 are engaged with the rising and falling guide 21 in up-and-down relationship. The contact part 24a formed to the lower end of the rising and falling member 24 is arranged so as to protrude from the lower end of the cover member 22. A switch operation piece is arranged on the side of the rising and falling member 24 and a limit switch LS1 is arranged on the side of the rising and falling base 4 to constitute a detection means. The rising and falling operations of both of them are detected by the detection means and the program operation of the drive motor M1 is started on the basis of the detection signal from the detection means.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cutting device such as a tenon slicing machine, and more particularly, to accurately detect the position of the upper surface of a workpiece.
The present invention relates to a technique for performing highly accurate tenon processing with this as a reference. 2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, in the conventional frame construction method, it is necessary to perform various joints and joint processing on a wood joint. This work is gradually mechanized due to the shortage of skilled workers, but in recent years, especially the ability to properly manage many types of mortise processing, and the advantage of being able to perform quick and accurate work Therefore, computer-controlled processing machines have become popular. A technique for performing various types of mortise processing by computer control is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-2570, which was proposed by the present inventor.
It is already known as described in the specification of No. 02 and the like. In this type of processing machine, the movement of the processing cutter itself is highly precise because it is performed according to a predetermined program. However, in order to perform proper mortise processing, it is necessary to accurately set the base point of the operation program. Here, the conventional invention has been made by paying attention to the disposition relationship between the processing cutter and the cover body surrounding the processing cutter. The upper surface position of the processed material is detected by the relative movement of the two. The program is executed from that point. And, even if the height positions are different depending on the size of the processed material, the tenon processing can always be performed with the upper surface as a reference. The above cover body has a large movement space for the machining cutter therein, has a large shape, and is constructed so as to project forward. Therefore, a considerably large weight is arranged in a cantilevered manner, causing the tip to hang down. It is of course possible to assemble or design the machine in consideration of the amount of distortion due to this sagging, but in the long-term use, the amount of distortion changes due to mechanical stress, wear, etc. For this reason, the arrangement relationship between the cover body and the cutter comes out, which causes a problem that the precision of the tenon is lowered. The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and by providing a dedicated detection body, it is possible to always perform high-precision tenon processing without being affected by the distortion of the cover body. The purpose is to provide a cutting device such as a mortise grinder. In order to achieve the above object, the cutting device according to the present invention is configured as follows. That is, the gist thereof is that an elevating member having an abutting portion is provided in the vicinity of the lower end position of the cover body, the elevating member is provided so as to be able to elevate and lower by another elevating movement system, and the elevating member with respect to the spindle head side Is arranged such that the descending position of the drive motor is regulated, detection means for detecting the relative movement of the elevating member and the spindle head side is provided, and the rotation control of the drive motor is performed by the detection signal of this detection means. It is in. When the main spindle head is moved downward by the drive motor, the cover body and the elevating member are moved downward by the same elevating and lowering movement system as described above. When the spindle head is subsequently lowered, the contact portion comes into contact with the upper surface of the processed material and stops. Then, due to this stopping operation, the spindle head side and the elevating member side move relative to each other. The detecting means detects the movements of the both and outputs a signal. Therefore, by controlling the rotation of the drive motor based on this detection signal, it is possible to perform accurate tenon processing with the upper surface of the processed material as a reference. When the above-mentioned detection signal is output, if the processing cutter reaches a predetermined cutting position, for example, the upper surface position of the work material, the signal immediately shifts to the control operation, for example, the program operation, and starts the cutting operation. . Further, when the processing signal does not reach the predetermined cutting position when the detection signal is output, the processing cutter is moved down by that amount to ensure the consistency with the upper surface position of the processed material. , Shift to a predetermined program operation. The lowering amount of the cutter may be incorporated in the program in advance. On the other hand, during the lowering operation of the spindle head,
When the lower end of the cover body comes into contact with the upper surface of the processed material, the cover body stops at that position and covers the periphery of the cutting portion.
For example, when the contact portion of the elevating member is arranged below the lower end of the cover body, the cover operation is performed after the detection operation is performed, and conversely, the contact portion is disposed above the cover body. When arranged, the detection operation is performed after the cover operation, but in any case, since the operation of the elevating member is performed independently, there is no influence on the detection operation by the cover body. Embodiments of the cutting cover device according to the present invention will be specifically described below. 1 and 2, 1 is a base 2, 2 is a column established on the rear side of the base 1, 3 is a vertical guide rail provided on the column 2, 4 is an elevating base arranged on the vertical guide rail 3, and M1 is a column 2 The first drive motor 5 such as a pulse motor or a servo motor mounted downward at the upper end of the drive motor is the drive motor M1.
The feed screw shaft 6 attached to the output shaft of is a passive nut of the lifting base 4 screwed onto the feed screw shaft 5. Reference numeral 7 is a horizontal guide rail 8 provided on the front surface of the elevating base 4 in the left-right direction. A mounting base 9 is movably arranged on the horizontal guide rail 7. A spindle head 10 is an electric motor provided on the mounting base 8. Is a processing cutter attached to the spindle 10 via a chuck 11 and a spindle S provided forward from the spindle head 9. The processing cutters S are prepared in various types according to the shape of the tenon to be cut, and are exchanged for use. M2 is a second drive motor 12 such as a pulse motor or servo motor horizontally mounted on the side end of the lifting base 4, a feed screw shaft 13 is attached to the output shaft of the drive motor M2, and a feed screw shaft 13 is attached to the feed screw shaft 12. It is a passive nut on the side of the mounting base 8 that is screwed together. Reference numeral 14 is a stopper for positioning the processed material W, which is provided on the lower part of the front surface of the mounting base 8 so as to face forward. Reference numeral 15 is a mounting frame provided on the front side of the base 1. Reference numeral 16 is a roller table in the front-rear direction provided on the upper portion of the mounting frame 15. Centering is made up of a pair of clamp pieces 18, 18 arranged on both sides of the roller table 16. The vice means 19 is an operation handle of the centripetal vice means 17. The vise means 17 clamps the workpiece W supplied in the front-rear direction. Reference numeral 20 denotes a mounting stay 21 provided on the upper part of the lifting base 4; a lifting guide 22 provided upright on the mounting stay 20; and a lifting guide 22 via a slide bearing 23.
The cover body 22 disposed in No. 1 is formed so as to surround the side and the upper side of the processing cutter S, and the lower end corresponds to the tip upper surface of the processed material W. Further, the cover body 22 tends to descend due to its own weight, and normally hangs down to the lower end position of the elevating guide 21. Next, reference numeral 24 is an elevating member which is arranged in the elevating guide 21 via a slide bearing 25 so as to be able to ascend and descend. The elevating member 24 tends to descend due to its own weight, and is normally hung at the lower end position. . Reference numeral 24a is an abutting portion provided at the lower end of the elevating member 24, and is arranged so as to project downward from the lower end position of the cover body 22. The contact portion 24a is arranged around the cover body 22 (front portion and side portion). The elevating member 24 and the cover body 22 are arranged in series with the common elevating guide 21, and the elevating member 24 is arranged on the upper side and the cover body 22 is arranged on the lower side. Therefore, the lift member 24 moves up without being restrained by the cover body 24, but the cover body 24 moves up together with the lift member 24. LS1 is a first limit switch 27 arranged at a fixed position by a mounting bracket 26 on the lifting base 4 side.
Is a lifting member 2 corresponding to the first limit switch LS1.
The switch operation piece attached to 4 constitutes the first detecting means. The first detecting means outputs a detection signal when the abutting portion 24a of the elevating member 24 abuts on the upper surface of the workpiece W and stops, and the elevating base 4 moves downward in response thereto. By this detection signal, the drive motor M1 changes the speed from the fast feed to the cutting feed. LS2 is a second limit switch 29 arranged at a fixed position by a mounting bracket 28. Numeral 29 is a switch operation piece provided on the elevating member 24 corresponding to the second limit switch LS2. Make up.
The second detecting means outputs a detection signal when the elevating base 4 is further lowered from the operating position of the first detecting means. The detection signal of the second detecting means is such that when the abutting portion 24a of the elevating member 24 and the center height of the working cutter S match, in other words, the center of the cutter S is the working material W.
It is output when it coincides with the top position of. Then, based on this detection signal, the drive motors M1 and M2 start NC control operation according to a predetermined program. The above-mentioned operation programs are prepared separately according to various processing targets and are stored as numerical information in the computer. Then, the one selected by the select switch (not shown) of the control panel is pulled out and executed. In order to perform the female tenon processing of FIG. 6 with the tenon remover according to one embodiment, the following is done. The machining cutter S of the spindle head 9 is in the standby state and is located at the machine origin of FIG. This origin position coincides with the center of the processed material W clamped by the centripetal vice means 17. First, the work material W is supplied onto the roller table 16 and abutted on the positioning stopper 14, or the back end of the work material W is used to set the tip position. Then, the clamp pieces 18, 18 are centripetally clamped and fixed. When the setting of the work material W is completed in this way, an operation program suitable for the work object is selected by a select switch (not shown), and then the drive motors M1 and M2 are driven. In this female tenon processing, feed control as shown in FIG. 4 is performed. That is, when a rapid feed is first applied downward from the origin a, the elevating member 24 and the cover body 22 descend together with the processing cutter S. Along with the movement, the contact portion 24a first contacts the upper surface of the processed material W, and the elevating member 24 stops. When reaching the position b, the first detection signal is output. The drive motor M1 is operated by this signal,
The rapid feed switches to the first cutting feed. During the first cutting feed, the cover body 22 comes into contact with the upper surface of the workpiece W and stops. Then, when this cutting feed is further continued, the center position of the processing cutter S coincides with the height of the stopped contact portion 25a, that is, the upper surface of the processing material W. When this point c is reached,
The second detection signal is output, and the first cutting feed is switched to the second cutting feed. Further, a predetermined program operation is started based on this detection signal. In the case of the female tenon process, a linear command is given from the point c to the point d. Therefore, in this process, the workpiece W is subjected to the required cutting process. Then, after this, the processing cutter S goes from the point d toward the origin a.
Is fast-returned upward, and the processing is completed. Next, the case of performing the male tenon processing of FIG. 7 corresponding to the female tenon will be described. In this case, the processed material W
Uses the same size as the female tenon, and the position is set in the same manner as described above. Processing cutter S
Replace with the one for the male tenon. In this male tenon processing, the program operation is performed according to the pattern operation as shown in FIG. That is, fast-forwarding is performed from the origin a through the point b, and further until the elevating member 24 at the point c contacts the workpiece W. At the point c, the first detection signal is output, and the fast feed is switched to the first cutting feed by this signal. The first cutting feed is continued until the reference position of point d, and when point d is reached, the first cutting feed is switched to the second cutting feed, and at the same time, a predetermined program operation is started. This program operation is given by a straight line d-e, a circular arc e-f, and a straight line f-g. In this process, the workpiece W is subjected to the required cutting work. Then, the cutter S is quickly returned to the origin a from the point g through the point h, and the processing is completed. After the processing is completed, the operator releases the clamp means to take out the product to the rear of the roller table 16. During the above-described processing, the vertical movement of the spindle head 9 with respect to the cover body 22 and the vertical movement member 24 is performed by the vertical guide 21, and the horizontal movement is performed by the horizontal guide rail 7. It can be stopped while still in contact with the upper surface. Therefore, a reliable cover action can be expected. In the above embodiment, the first cutting feed and the second cutting feed are defined separately, but the feeding speeds of both may be the same. Incidentally, in one embodiment, when the center of the machining cutter S coincides with the upper surface position of the machining material W, a predetermined program operation is started from this point as a base point. The program operation may be started at a position where the first contact with the upper surface of the workpiece W for the first time, that is, the first detection signal as a base point. In this case, the descending motion between the straight lines b and c in FIG. 4 is added to the program. Further, in one embodiment, the elevating member 24 is arranged on the upper side of the cover body 22 and the abutting portion 24a thereof is arranged on the cover body 2.
It is arranged so as to project from the lower end of 2. However, the elevating member 24 may be arranged below the cover body 22. In this case, the contact portion 24a is arranged above the lower end of the cover body 22. In addition, if the elevating member 24 and the cover body 22 are arranged in different elevating guides,
The position of the contact portion 24a is not restricted. In one embodiment, an elevating guide 21 is established on the elevating base 4, and a cover member 22 and an elevating member 24 are attached to this.
The slide bearings 23 and 25 are engaged with each other. However, as shown in FIG. 8, an elevating guide 21a may be provided on the cover body 22a, and the elevating base 4a and the slide bearings 23a and 25a of the elevating member 24 may be engaged with the elevating guide 21a. Further, as shown in the figure, a limit switch may be provided on the side of the elevating member 25a and a switch operating piece may be provided on the side of the elevating base 4a. The elevating member described above may be so constructed as to elevate and lower the contact portion by a rotational movement. FIG. 9 shows this embodiment, in which 30 is a horizontal support shaft 31 provided on the elevating base 4 and an elevating member 31 a which is rotated in the elevating direction by the horizontal support shaft 30 is a contact provided at the lower end of the elevating member 31. Department
LS1 is the first limit switch 32 is the lifting base 4
Is a support stay for the limit switch LS1 provided in the. Further, it goes without saying that the limit switch constituting the detection means may be changed to another known detection switch, and the contact portion 24a of the elevating member 24 is provided with
It is also an equivalent means to directly attach the detection switch for detecting the upper surface position of the processed material W. this is,
This is a measure in consideration of the weight of the lifting member 24, and is focused on the fact that the detector of the detection switch moves up and down with a force equal to or less than the above weight and detects the upper surface by displacement. Although not particularly described in the embodiment, the cover body 22 has a distortion at the lower end, and the slide bearing 23 at the root does not cause displacement due to the distortion. Therefore, the upper surface position of the processed material W can be accurately detected by the relative movement of this portion and the elevating member 24. In short, the detecting means is the lifting member 24 and the cover body 2.
It can be arranged in a relationship of two. In this case, the cover body can be regarded as the same member on the spindle head side. Further, in one embodiment, the elevating member 24 and the cover body 22 are given a downward tendency due to their own weight and are designed to move up and down in a passive manner. Needless to say, the configuration may be such that the lifting operation is performed. As described above, the cutting device such as the mortise removing machine according to the present invention is provided with the elevating member separately from the cover body, and the upper and lower position of the workpiece is operated by the operation of the dedicated elevating member. Is detected. Therefore, it is possible to exert an excellent effect that the detection operation can always be performed accurately without a problem such as a distortion amount.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view of a mortise grinder equipped with a cutting device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially longitudinal side view of the same. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a main part showing an operating state at the time of detection. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a pattern operation by a program operation. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the same pattern operation. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a processed material subjected to female tenon processing. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a processed material subjected to male tenon processing. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the configuration of the main part. FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the main part configuration. [Description of Reference Signs] 3 Vertical Guide Rail 4 Lifting Base M1 First Drive Motor 9 Spindle Head S Machining Cutter 21 Lifting Guide 22 Cover 23 Slide Bearing 24 Lifting Member 24a Abutting Part 25 Slide Bearing LS1 First Limit Switch LS2 Second limit switch 27 Switch operation piece 29 Switch operation piece W Workpiece

Claims (1)

What is claimed is: 1. A spindle head, which is controlled to move at least in a vertical direction by a drive motor, is provided, a machining cutter is provided on the spindle head, and a cover body is provided so that the spindle head can be raised and lowered by a lifting movement system different from the spindle head. In a wood processing machine for performing cutting by surrounding the processing cutter with a cover body, an elevating member having an abutting portion is provided in the vicinity of the lower end position of the cover body, and the elevating member is provided in another elevating and moving system. Is provided so as to be able to move up and down, and the lowering position of the elevating member with respect to the spindle head side is regulated and arranged, and detection means for detecting the relative movement of the elevating member and the spindle head side is provided. A cutting device such as a mortise grinder, characterized in that the rotation of the drive motor is controlled by a signal.