JPH079407A - Cutting device such as tenon processing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform highly accurate tenon processing on the basis of the accurately detected upper surface position of a processing material. CONSTITUTION:A main shaft head 9 equipped with a processing cutter is provided to a rising and falling base 4 moved vertically by a drive motor M1. A rising and falling guide 21 is provided to the rising and falling base 4 and a cover member 22 is engaged with the rising and falling guide 21. A forward- facing rising and falling member 25 is supported in a freely revolvable manner by the horizontal support shaft 24 provided to the rear side part of the cover member 22 and the contact part 25a of the rising and falling member 25 is arranged so as to protrude from the lower end of the cover member 22. A limit switch LS is arranged corresponding to the switch operating piece 27 of the rising and falling member 25 and, on the basis of the detection signal of the limit switch LS, the program operation of the drive motor M1 is started.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cutting device such as a tenon slicing machine, and more particularly, to accurately detect the position of the upper surface of a workpiece.
The present invention relates to a technique for performing highly accurate tenon processing with this as a reference. 2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, in the conventional frame construction method, it is necessary to perform various joints and joint processing on a wood joint. This work is gradually mechanized due to the shortage of skilled workers, but in recent years, especially the ability to properly manage many types of mortise processing, and the advantage of being able to perform quick and accurate work Therefore, computer-controlled processing machines have become popular. A technique for performing various types of mortise processing by computer control is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-2570, which was proposed by the present inventor.
It is already known as described in the specification of No. 02 and the like. In this type of processing machine, the movement of the processing cutter itself is highly precise because it is performed according to a predetermined program. However, in order to perform proper mortise processing, it is necessary to accurately set the base point of the operation program. Here, the conventional invention has been made by paying attention to the disposition relationship between the processing cutter and the cover body surrounding the processing cutter. The upper surface position of the processed material is detected by the relative movement of the two. The program is executed from that point. And, even if the height positions are different depending on the size of the processed material, the tenon processing can always be performed with the upper surface as a reference. As shown in FIG. 9, the cover body M has a large movement space for the working cutter P therein, has a large shape, and is formed by projecting forward. It Therefore, an object having a considerably large weight is arranged in a cantilevered manner, causing a drooping m at the front end. Of course, it is possible to assemble or design the machine in consideration of the amount of distortion due to the sag m, but in a long-term use, the amount of distortion changes due to mechanical stress, wear and the like. For this reason, the arrangement relationship between the cover body M and the cutter P comes out, which causes a problem that the tenon processing accuracy is lowered. The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and by providing a dedicated detection body, it is possible to always perform highly accurate tenon processing without being affected by the distortion of the cover body. It intends to provide a cutting device such as a mortise picking machine. In order to achieve the above object, the cutting device according to the present invention is configured as follows. That is, the gist thereof is that an elevating member whose contact portion projects below the cover body is provided, and the elevating member is operably supported by the elevating support means provided on the rear side of the cover body. The detection means for detecting the operation of the elevating member is provided, and the rotation control of the drive motor is performed by the detection signal of the detection means. When the drive motor operates the spindle head in the descending direction, the cover body descends by the same amount as described above. Further, the elevating member also descends with the contact portion protruding below the cover body. Subsequently, when the spindle head is lowered, the contact portion contacts the upper surface of the processed material. By this abutting action,
The detection means outputs a detection signal. Therefore, by controlling the rotation of the drive motor based on this detection signal, it is possible to perform accurate tenon processing with the upper surface of the processed material as a reference. When the above-mentioned detection signal is output, if the processing cutter reaches a predetermined cutting position, for example, the upper surface position of the work material, the signal immediately shifts to the control operation, for example, the program operation, and starts the cutting operation. . Further, when the processing signal does not reach the predetermined cutting position when the detection signal is output, the processing cutter is moved down by that amount to ensure the consistency with the upper surface position of the processed material. , Shift to a predetermined program operation. The lowering amount of the cutter may be incorporated in the operation program in advance. The elevating member is supported by the rear side portion of the cover body, which has a smaller hanging amount than the front end portion. Therefore, it is possible to always perform a highly accurate and stable detection operation of the upper surface of the processed material without being influenced by distortion or the like. On the other hand, the cover body comes into contact with the upper surface of the processed material after the above detection operation is completed, stops at that position, and covers the periphery of the cutting portion. [0012] [Embodiment] The following will specifically describe one embodiment of the cutting apparatus according to the present invention. 1 and 2, 1 is a base 2, 2 is a column established on the rear side of the base 1, 3 is a vertical guide rail provided on the column 2, and 4 is a vertical guide rail 3.
Elevating base M1 that is arranged to be movable up and down is a first drive motor 5 such as a servo motor that is attached to the upper end of column 2 downward. Feed screw shaft 6 that is attached to the output shaft of drive motor M1 is feed screw shaft 5 It is a passive nut of the elevating base 4 screwed to the. Reference numeral 7 is a horizontal guide rail 8 provided on the front surface of the elevating base 4 in the left-right direction. A mounting base 9 is movably arranged on the horizontal guide rail 7. A spindle head 10 is an electric motor provided on the mounting base 8. Is a processing cutter attached to the spindle 10 via a chuck, and a spindle S provided from the spindle head 9 toward the front. As the processing cutter S, various kinds of cutting cutters that match the shape of the tenon to be cut are prepared and used in exchange. M2 is a second drive motor 12 such as a servomotor horizontally attached to the side end of the elevating base 4, and 12 is a feed screw shaft 13 attached to the output shaft of the drive motor M2.
Is a passive nut on the side of the mounting base 8 that is screwed onto the feed screw shaft 12. Reference numeral 14 is a positioning stopper provided on the lower front surface of the mounting base 8 so as to face forward, and sets the tip position of the workpiece W to be supplied. Reference numeral 15 is a mounting frame provided on the front side of the base 1. Reference numeral 16 is a roller table in the front-rear direction provided on the upper portion of the mounting frame 15. Centering is made up of a pair of clamp pieces 18, 18 arranged on both sides of the roller table 16. The vice means 19 is an operation handle of the centripetal vice means 17. The vise means 17 clamps the workpiece W supplied in the front-rear direction. Reference numeral 20 denotes a mounting stay 21 provided on the upper part of the lifting base 4; a lifting guide 22 provided upright on the mounting stay 20; and a lifting guide 22 via a slide bearing 23.
The cover body 22 disposed in No. 1 is formed so as to surround the side and the upper side of the processing cutter S, and the lower end corresponds to the tip upper surface of the processed material W. Further, the cover body 22 tends to descend due to its own weight, and normally hangs down to the lower end position of the elevating guide 21. Next, 24 is a horizontal support shaft 25 provided laterally on the rear side of the cover body 22. An arm-shaped lift member 25a is provided at the lower end of the lift member 25. Abutting portion This abutting portion 25a is arranged so as to project downward from the lower end of the cover body 25. Reference numeral 26 is a stopper piece that regulates the lowering limit of the elevating member 25, and arranges the contact portion 25a while holding it in a horizontal state. Reference numeral 27 denotes a switch operating piece LS provided so as to project from the elevating member 25, and a limit switch attached to the cover body 22 side corresponding to the switch operating piece 27, and both constitute a detecting means. This detecting means is the contact portion 2
When 5a comes into contact with the upper surface of the processed material W and the elevating member 25 rotates upward, a detection signal is output. By this detection signal, the drive motor M1 changes the speed from the fast feed to the cutting feed. Further, the above-mentioned detection signal is to call and execute a tenon machining program selected by a select switch (not shown) of the control panel, whereby the workpiece W has a predetermined tenon with its upper surface as a reference. Processed. The center position of the processing cutter S has not reached the upper surface of the processing material W at the time when the detection signal is output as shown in FIG. This difference dimension is a quantity that can be expressed mechanically, is treated as a correction value, and is included in the above-mentioned tenon machining program. The female tenon processing shown in FIG. 6 is carried out by the tenon removing machine according to one embodiment as follows. The machining cutter S of the spindle head 9 is in the standby state and is located at the machine origin of FIG. This origin position coincides with the center of the processed material W clamped by the centripetal vice means 17. First, the work material W is supplied onto the roller table 16 and abutted against the positioning stopper 14, or the back end of the work material W is used to set the tip position. Then, the clamp pieces 18, 18 are centripetally clamped and fixed. When the setting of the work material W is completed in this way, an operation program suitable for the work object is selected by a select switch (not shown), and then the drive motors M1 and M2 are driven. In this female tenon processing, feed control as shown in FIG. 4 is performed. That is, when fast-forwarding is first applied downward from the origin a, the cover body 22 descends together with the processing cutter S. Further, the contact portion 2 is provided below the cover body 22.
The elevating member 25 projecting 5a also descends. With the movement, first, the contact portion 25a contacts the upper surface of the processed material W,
The elevating member 25 is rotated upward. A detection signal is output by the movement of the lifting member 25. When the detection signal is output, the drive motor M1
Is operated, and rapid feed is switched to cutting feed. Further, a predetermined tenon machining program operation is started based on this detection signal. In the case of female tenon processing, a linear command is given from the point b to the point c. In this process, the workpiece W is subjected to the required cutting. Then, after this, the processing cutter S is moved from the point c toward the origin a.
Is fast-returned and processing is completed. Next, the case of performing the male tenon processing of FIG. 7 corresponding to the female tenon will be described. In this case,
The workpiece W has the same size as the female tenon, and the position is set in the same manner as described above. The processing cutter S is replaced with one for processing male tenon. In this male tenon processing, the program operation is performed according to the pattern operation as shown in FIG. That is, fast-forwarding is performed from the origin a via the point b, and further until the contact portion 25a at the point c contacts the workpiece W. When reaching the point c, a detection signal is output from the detection means, and the fast feed is switched to the first cutting feed by this signal. Then, after the point c, a predetermined program operation is performed. This program operation is given by a straight line cd, a circular arc d-e, and a straight line e-f. In this process, the workpiece W is subjected to the required cutting work. Then, the cutter S is quickly returned from the point f to the origin a via the point g, and the processing is completed. After the processing is completed, the operator releases the clamp means to take out the product to the rear of the roller table 16. During the above processing, the vertical movement of the spindle head 9 with respect to the cover body 22 is performed by the vertical movement guide 21, and the horizontal movement is performed by the lateral guide rail 7. Therefore, the cover body 22 is placed on the upper surface of the work material W. It can be stopped while abutting. Therefore, a reliable cover action can be expected. In one embodiment, an elevating guide is established on the elevating base, and a slide bearing of the cover body is engaged with the elevating guide. However, as shown in FIG. 8, a lift guide 21a may be provided on the cover body 22a, and the slide bearing 23a of the lift base 4a may be engaged with the lift guide 21a. The elevating member 25 may be supported and operated by a linear movement mechanism. In FIG. 8, 31 is a vertical slide bearing provided on the rear side of the cover body 22a, and 32 is a vertical guide provided on the elevating member 25, which engages with the slide bearing 31.
Reference numeral 32 is a stopper piece provided to regulate the lowering limit of the elevating member 25. Further, it goes without saying that the limit switch constituting the detection means may be changed to another known detection switch, and the contact portion 25a of the elevating member 25 is
It is also an equivalent means to directly attach the detection switch for detecting the upper surface position of the processed material W. In one embodiment, the cover body 22 is given a downward tendency due to its own weight and is passively moved up and down. For example, the cover body 22 is positively moved up and down by a pneumatic cylinder. Of course, there is no problem. As described above, in the cutting device such as the mortise removing machine according to the present invention, the elevating member is separately supported on a portion of the cover body where there is no sag, and the exclusive elevating member is The upper surface position of the processed material is detected by the operation. Therefore, there is no problem such as the amount of distortion as in the past,
It has an excellent effect that the detection operation can always be performed accurately.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view of a mortise grinder equipped with a cutting device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially longitudinal side view of the same. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a main part showing an operating state at the time of detection. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a pattern operation by a program operation. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the same pattern operation. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a processed material subjected to female tenon processing. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a processed material subjected to male tenon processing. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the configuration of the main part. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a defect of the conventional detecting means. [Description of Reference Signs] 3 Vertical Guide Rail 4 Lifting Base M1 First Drive Motor 9 Spindle Head S Machining Cutter 21 Lifting Guide 22 Cover 23 Slide Bearing 24 Horizontal Spindle 25 Lifting Member 25a Abutment 26 Stopper Piece 27 Switch Operation One-sided LS limit switch W Processed material

Claims (1)

Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A main spindle head, which is controlled to move in a vertical direction by a drive motor, is provided, and a machining cutter protruding forward is provided on the main spindle head, and a vertical moving system separate from the main spindle head is used for vertical movement. In a wood processing machine that performs a cutting process by providing a cover body and enclosing the processing cutter with the cover body, an elevating member whose contact portion projects below the cover body is provided, and the elevating member is attached to the cover body. In addition to being movably supported by the lifting support means provided on the rear side, a detection means for detecting the operation of the lifting member is provided, and the rotation signal of the drive motor is controlled by the detection signal of the detection means. A cutting device such as a mortise picker.