JPH0810792A - Wastewater treatment equipment containing kitchen waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a garbage-contg. sewage treating device which separates the solids of pulverized garbage and waste water, decompose the solid and the waste water by oxidation respectively under an aerobic condition, eliminates the need for an operation to recover the oily sludge after the treatment of the garbage and waste water generated in kitchens and is capable of releasing good-quality treated water. CONSTITUTION:The waste water containing crushed garbage from a garbage crushing machine 1 is separated to the solids and the waste liquid by a machine 4 for separating the solids from the liquid. The solids and the waste water obtd. by the sepn. of the solids from the liquid are subjected to the oxidation treatment respectively under the aerobic condition in a fermentation vessel 6 and a waste water treating vessel 7. This sewage treating device has a returning means for returning the excess sludge formed by the waste water treating vessel 7 to the machine 4 for separating the solids from the liquid and an air feeding means for feeding air from the fermentation vessel 6 to the waste water treating vessel 7.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage-containing wastewater treatment apparatus for garbage-containing wastewater obtained by crushing garbage generated in food processing factories, restaurants, apartments, etc. with a crusher.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of treating kitchen waste discharged in a kitchen, a method of separating solid matter into waste water in the kitchen and treating the solid matter by incineration or landfill has been generally used. However, this method is not only uncomfortable when the solids are discharged from the kitchen, but it also accumulates the period until the solids are discharged, which causes a bad odor, etc., which deteriorates the living environment and becomes unsanitary. there were.

In order to solve such a problem, the garbage is crushed by a disposer and discharged together with the drainage, so that the solid matter treatment in the kitchen is simplified and the environmental hygiene is improved. When released to public sewers, there are problems such as clogging of sewage pipes due to crushed material and pollution problems that pollute the water quality of the discharged water area and discharged river due to insufficient treatment capacity of the terminal treatment plant, so it has not spread yet. Is the reality.

Therefore, there is known a method in which kitchen waste is directly fermented and composted, such as the compost method.

A composting device, which is an example of a device using the composting method, will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 6, 30 is a compost container, 3
1 is a drain drainage hole, 32 is a lid, 33 is a microorganism carrier (fixed bed), and 34 is a compost carry-out port.

In FIG. 6A, the compost container 30
Is buried in the ground, and FIG. 6 (b) is installed on the ground.

When the kitchen waste is put into the compost container 30,
It is mixed with the microbial carrier 33 provided in the compost container 30, and fermentation is started under aerobic conditions. In the case of compost, as the microbial carrier 33, so-called fine-grained wood debris generally called sawdust is used. This sawdust carrier absorbs the water contained in the garbage and maintains the aerobic fermentation effect. The produced compost is regularly carried out of the container through the compost carrying-out port 34 and used as compost for a vegetable garden or the like.

[0009]

However, in the garbage treating apparatus such as the conventional compost, when the garbage-containing wastewater treated by using a crusher such as a disposer is introduced, water becomes excessive and oxygen is hardly supplied. Therefore, not only is anaerobic fermentation accelerated, but also
Since the heat of fermentation is taken as the heat of vaporization of water, it cannot reach the temperature required for the fermentation of solid matter, which lowers the efficiency of aerobic fermentation and inhibits the compost reaction.
In addition, excessive waste water also accumulates in the lower part of the fermentation tank and is discharged as high-load drainage water, which causes water pollution. In addition, the solid matter composted by the compost method has a problem that it must be removed frequently because it continues to be deposited in the tank, and it is complicated and thus lacks in workability. Further, there is a problem that the living environment is deteriorated due to leakage of odor generated during the fermentation process.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, that is, it does not require the work of collecting kitchen waste solids generated in the kitchen and excess pollution after the wastewater treatment, and does not generate a foul odor. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a garbage-containing wastewater treatment device that is extremely easy to discharge high-quality treated water and does not cause pollution problems.

[0011]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above objects, a garbage-containing wastewater treatment device of the present invention is provided with a crusher for crushing garbage solids, and a garbage-containing wastewater containing crushed material in the crusher. A means for transferring the slurry, a solid-liquid separation device for separating the garbage waste into a solid matter and an effluent, and a kitchen waste solid matter in the presence of a biological fixed bed, for the purpose of accelerating the fermentation of the garbage solids, a heat retaining means, stirring A fermenter having a means and an air supply means,
A waste water treatment tank for aerobically decomposing only the desorbed waste water in the presence of a fixed bed of aerobic microorganisms.

Further, there is provided an air pipe from the fermentation tank to the wastewater treatment tank, and the odor generated in the fermentation process of the kitchen waste solids in the fermentation tank can be discharged to the wastewater treatment tank for biological deodorization. And

Furthermore, a return pipe is provided from the wastewater treatment tank to the solid-liquid separation tank so that excess sludge generated after the wastewater treatment can be returned.

[0014]

The present invention is constructed as described above,
By means of slurry transfer of kitchen waste crushed by a crusher such as a disposer, the kitchen waste is transferred to a specified kitchen waste treatment facility, and by having a solid-liquid separator that separates the kitchen waste slurry with a high water content from the waste liquid, Since the water content can be adjusted, only the solid waste can be transferred to the fermentation tank, the solid waste can be efficiently fermented without lowering the temperature of the fermentation tank, and the solid waste can also be fed to the wastewater treatment tank. Since there is no advection of substances, wastewater can be efficiently purified. Further, since the fermenter has temperature control, air supply, and agitation means, it is possible to promote aerobic fermentation mainly composed of high-temperature aerobic microorganisms, so that solid matters need not be collected.

Further, by discharging the odor containing the offensive odor component generated in the fermentation process to the wastewater treatment tank, the microorganisms present in the wastewater treatment tank can decompose the odorous component to perform biological deodorization.

Further, since surplus sludge generated after the wastewater treatment can be introduced into the fermentation tank through the return pipe, the sludge need not be recovered.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a kitchen crusher such as a disposer, which is installed in a sink 3 in a kitchen 2. Reference numeral 4 is a solid-liquid separator, and the garbage that has been crushed by the crusher 1 is fed from the raw water pipe 5. The solid-liquid separator 4 separates the crushed kitchen waste into solid matter and drainage, and the solid matter and drainage are separated by a mechanical solid-liquid separation means such as a screen device or a centrifugal dehydrator. The collected solid waste is fermentor 6
The separated wastewater is discharged to the wastewater treatment tank 7.

The fermenter 6 is for aerobically fermenting and decomposing the kitchen waste solid matter that has been crushed and collected by a group of aerobic microorganisms. That is, the air diffuser 8 is provided at the inner bottom of the fermentation tank 6 so that the air can be fed into the tank by the air pump 9. In addition, in order to make the inside of the tank uniformly aerobic, the garbage solid matter and the microorganism fixed bed 10 installed in the tank 10
A stirrer 11 for intermittently stirring and is provided.

The microorganism fixed bed 10 installed in the tank is for accelerating the fermentation action by the microorganisms of the garbage solids introduced into the fermentation tank 6 and for absorbing and adjusting a small amount of inflowing water. A porous fixed bed of microorganisms is installed.

In the fermenter 6, during the fermentation process by the aerobic microorganisms, the solid waste material is gradually decomposed and completely decomposed to the molecular level such as gas. Due to the fermentation action of the aerobic microbes, which mainly inhabit the aerobic microbes that live under high temperature conditions, organic matter can be fermented and decomposed efficiently, so the thermophilic aerobic microbes can be used as a priority species in the tank. A warmer 12 such as a heater is arranged so as to be maintained, and a temperature sensor 13 and a temperature controller 14 installed in the tank 40
The temperature is controlled to ˜70 ° C., preferably 50 to 60 ° C. Further, in general, it is desirable that the structure of the fermentation tank 6 is a heat retaining structure so that the fermentation heat of the kitchen waste is not easily dissipated.

The experimental results showing the fermentation process of kitchen waste in the fermentor 6 are shown in FIG. When the kitchen waste was continuously charged, the residual amount of the kitchen waste remaining in the tank changed from 20% to 10% or less in the range of several days. After that, the residual amount of the solid matter is constantly maintained at 10% or less, and the organic matter is removed as the gas of the final molecular level in the fermentation process of the sequentially added garbage solid matter.

On the other hand, the wastewater desorbed by the solid-liquid separator 4 is introduced into the wastewater treatment tank 7. The wastewater treatment tank 7 is a treatment tank that aerobically treats the organic component contained in the drainage, and an air diffuser pipe 15 is arranged at the inner bottom portion of the tank so that the air pump 16 constantly performs aeration. ing. By this aeration, the organic matter in the drainage is oxidatively decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms living in the tank,
After a good treatment drainage with reduced load is discharged to the discharge tank 17.

A biological fixed bed 18 is installed in the wastewater treatment tank 7 to improve the efficiency of the oxidative decomposition treatment of aerobic microorganisms. In general, the biological fixed bed 18 may be any one as long as it has excellent microbial trapping properties and habitability and good contact with pollutants, such as a honeycomb-shaped or network-skeleton-shaped plastic carrier or granular activated carbon, crushed stone, porous A high quality ceramic carrier or the like is used. As the treatment method of the waste water treatment, a contact aeration treatment method, a biofilm filtration method, a sprinkling filter bed method or the like is used.

FIG. 4 shows the experimental results showing the purification process of kitchen waste desorption water in the wastewater treatment tank 7. Although the average water quality of kitchen waste desorption water is wastewater containing organic matter of the order of several 100 ppm to 1000 ppm, the wastewater introduced into the wastewater treatment tank 7 is oxidatively decomposed by the aerobic microorganisms in the tank and has a concentration of 100 ppm or less. It is discharged as treated water that has been purified to wastewater.

The wastewater treatment tank 7 is discharged into the discharge tank 17 after the treated wastewater having a reduced load is discharged.
A return pipe 19 is provided to the solid-liquid separator 4 from 7, and excess sludge generated in the process of purification in the wastewater treatment tank 7 is recovered after being precipitated and separated in the discharge tank 17, and returned to the return pipe 19. It is returned to the fermentation tank 6 via the solid-liquid separator 4.

Therefore, the surplus sludge generated in the waste water treatment tank 7 is also fermented in the fermentation tank 6, so that maintenance such as withdrawal of sludge is unnecessary.

On the other hand, the air pipe 20 of the waste water treatment tank 7 is connected to the air exhaust hole 21 of the fermentation tank 6, and the fermentation tank 6 is connected.
The structure is such that the odorous components generated in Step 2 can be exhausted into the tank through the air diffuser 15 provided at the inner bottom portion of the waste water treatment tank 7.

The main component of the gas generated in the fermenter 6 is carbon dioxide gas, but harmful malodorous components are also generated as other gas components. The malodorous components include ammonia, which is derived from proteins, carbohydrates, and sugars contained in the garbage composition,
Mercaptans, hydrogen sulfide, organic acids, etc. give off a bad odor as a mixed odor of these odorous components. Therefore, by aerating these malodorous substances into the wastewater treatment tank 7, biologically deodorizing is performed.

The malodorous odor ventilated in the wastewater treatment tank 7 is converted into an odorless component by oxidizing the odorous components by the action of aerobic microorganisms inhabiting the tank. The effects of aerobic microorganisms include sulfur odors such as hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans, which are assimilated by sulfur bacteria into sulfide ions, and hydrocarbon odors such as organic acids as assimilation of protozoa and metazoans. By the action, the odor is removed in a short time by changing to carbon dioxide gas and the like, and the ammonia which is a nitrogenous odor is changed to nitrate ion by the assimilation action of nitric acid bacteria. The wastewater treatment tank 7 is filled with a porous carrier as a fixed bed of microorganisms, and these microorganisms can be fixed to the carrier at a high concentration regardless of the presence or absence of coagulation of the microorganisms, so that the odor can be efficiently removed. it can. The exhaust from which the odor is removed is exhausted to the outside of the system through the exhaust pipe.

FIG. 5 shows the experimental result showing the odor removal process in the wastewater treatment tank 7. The malodorous components such as hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan, and ammonia were deodorized by aeration in the wastewater treatment tank 7 for several days to several tens of days. The performance was stable even with the aging over a long period of time.

FIG. 2 shows the second embodiment of the present invention.
Will be described with reference to. In FIG. 2, 22 is a flow rate adjusting tank, 23 is a metering pump, 24 is a pH meter, 25 is a pH controller, and 26 is a drug tower.

The flow rate adjusting tank 22 temporarily stores the waste water discharged from the solid-liquid separator 4, and has a metering pump 23 and a pH meter 24 in the tank. The installed fixed-quantity pump 23 quantitatively discharges the wastewater flowing into the flow rate adjusting tank 22 to the wastewater treatment tank 7. The pH meter 24 is linked to the pH controller 25 and the medicine tower 26, and when the pH of the waste water stored in the flow rate adjusting tank 22 is lowered, the pH meter 24 is charged into the tank from the medicine tower 26 filled with an alkaline medicine. It is controlled to adjust the pH.

When a large amount of garbage wastewater is generated only at a certain time, a large amount of desorption water flowing out from the solid-liquid separator 4 is temporarily discharged so that a large amount of desorption water does not flow into the wastewater treatment tank 7 at a time. Waste water is stored in the adjustment tank 22 and the waste water treatment tank 7
By quantitatively advancing into the wastewater treatment tank 7, it is possible to prevent load fluctuations in the wastewater treatment tank 7 and always obtain stable treated water quality.

Further, the waste water after the garbage is crushed may contain a fine flow of the garbage solids, and the pH thereof may decrease.
The wastewater treatment tank 7 is controlled by the pH controller 25 or the like installed in the flow rate adjustment tank 22 in order to adjust the treated raw water quality to be suitable for the treatment of aerobic microorganisms that live in the wastewater treatment tank.
The pH of the wastewater flowing into is adjusted to around 6.5 to 7.5.

FIG. 4 shows the experimental results showing the purification process of the wastewater treatment tank by quantitatively supplying the wastewater in the flow rate adjusting tank and adjusting the pH. Stable treated water quality was obtained regardless of the fluctuation of inflow water.

As described above, according to the kitchen waste processing apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention, the kitchen waste crushed by the disposer does not need to be recovered because the kitchen waste solid matter is decomposed in the fermenter and is not discharged. The liquid can be discharged after being purified by a wastewater treatment tank.

Further, the excess sludge generated in the wastewater treatment process can be returned to the solid-liquid separation device and decomposed in the fermentation tank, and the treatment such as carrying out the excess sludge is unnecessary, and the maintenance thereof is easy. There is an effect that can be.

Further, the malodorous components generated in the fermentation tank have an effect that the malodorous components can be deodorized by the aerobic microorganisms by aeration to the waste water treatment tank.

[0040]

As is apparent from the above description of the embodiments, according to the present invention, garbage containing waste is separated into kitchen solids and desorption waste water, and the solids are preferably stored in a fermenter under high temperature conditions. Organic matter can be treated by the steam fermentation treatment, and discharged water can be improved by purifying the wastewater.

Further, the malodorous components generated by arranging the air pipe from the fermentation tank to the waste water treatment tank can be deodorized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a garbage processing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a garbage processing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a time-dependent diagram of the kitchen solids residual rate in the fermenter according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a time chart of treated water quality in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a time chart of deodorizing characteristics in the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a conventional garbage processing device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Crusher (disposer) 2 Kitchen 3 Sink 4 Solid-liquid separator 5 Raw water piping 6 Fermenter 7 Wastewater treatment tank 8 Air diffuser 9, 16 Air pump 10 Microbe fixed bed 11 Stirrer 12 Warmer 13 Temperature sensor 14 Temperature controller 15 Air diffuser 17 Discharge tank 18 Fixed organism bed 19 Return pipe 20 Air piping 21 Air distribution hole 22 Flow rate adjustment tank 23 Metering pump 24 pH meter 25 pH controller 26 Chemical tower 30 Compost container 31 Drain drainage hole 32 Lid 33 Microbial carrier 34 Compost Carry-out exit

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A solid-liquid separation device having means for crushing kitchen waste to transfer kitchen waste slurry, and a solid-liquid separation device for separating the kitchen waste slurry into kitchen waste solids and waste liquid, and the solid-liquid separation device. A kitchen characterized by mainly comprising a fermentation tank and a wastewater treatment tank for treating kitchen waste and wastewater by aerobic biological treatment means, respectively, and a discharge tank for discharging treated water from the wastewater treatment tank. Contained sewage treatment equipment. 2. From the discharge tank through the solid-liquid separation device,
The kitchen waste-containing wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, further comprising a return path for transferring to the fermentation tank. 3. The garbage-containing wastewater treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation tank is provided with an air supply means, a stirring means, and a heating means. 4. A fermentation comprising a means for crushing kitchen waste and transferring a kitchen slurry, a solid-liquid separator for separating the kitchen slurry into kitchen waste solids and waste liquid, and an aerobic biological treatment means. A tank and a wastewater treatment tank are provided, and a flow rate adjustment tank is provided between the solid-liquid separation device and the wastewater treatment tank, and the flow rate adjustment tank has wastewater from the solid-liquid separation apparatus and a drain of the fermentation tank. A wastewater-containing wastewater treatment device characterized by storing wastewater. 5. The garbage-containing wastewater treatment device according to claim 4, further comprising means for quantitatively supplying the wastewater flowing into the flow rate adjusting tank to the wastewater treating tank. 6. A fermentation comprising a means for crushing kitchen waste and transferring a kitchen slurry, a solid-liquid separator for separating the kitchen slurry into kitchen solids and waste liquid, and an aerobic biological treatment means. A refuse-containing wastewater treatment device comprising a tank and a wastewater treatment tank, and an air supply means from the fermentation tank to the wastewater treatment tank.