JPH08108332A - Magazine device for tool change of machine tools - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] In a tool changing magazine device for a machine tool, a sufficient grip opening angle is obtained when the locked state of the grip holding the tool is released, and yet the same opening angle is obtained. The structure is made compact, and the diameter of the magazine in which a plurality of grips are radially arranged is reduced. [Structure] By allowing a locking member 22a that can be retracted and retracted to face between the locking claws 35, the grip 14 is in a locked state for gripping a tool, and the locking member 22a does not face between the locking claws 35. As a result, the grip 14 enters the unlocked state in which the tool is received or discharged. In this unlocked state, since the locking member 22a does not face between the locking claws 35, the tool gripping portion of the grip 14 has a large opening angle.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tool changing magazine device for a machine tool having a function of automatically changing tools.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a machine tool having an automatic tool changing function, which is provided with a magazine device having a grip for holding a tool to be changed. The magazine device and the spindle head of the machine tool are provided. The tools are exchanged by passing the tools between them. Examples of grips of such a magazine device are shown in FIGS. 5 is a perspective view of the grip, FIG. 6 is a side view of the grip, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the lock mechanism portion of the grip, and FIG. 8 is an overall view of the magazine. The magazine has a rotatable disc-shaped member as a base, and a plurality of grips 40 for holding the tool holder 5a (or the tool) are radially provided on the magazine. The grip 40 includes a pair of arm-shaped members 40a,
40b as a base body, each of which is provided rotatably around the support shaft 31, and the arm members 40a, 40b.
The compression spring 32 inserted between the arms on the side opposite to the tool gripping side biases the tool gripping side in the closing direction, that is, in the direction in which the tool holder 5a is gripped.

A pair of lock claws 41 are provided at the ends of the arm members 40a and 40b opposite to the tool gripping side, and a lock mechanism 42 for locking the grip is locked between the lock claws 41. The member 42a is provided so that it can be inserted. The locking member 42a is the lock shaft 42.
It is attached to b, moves in the axial direction, and
(A), as shown in FIG. 7 (a), the locking member 42a
Is locked between the locking claws 41 by holding the tool, and the locking member 42a moves out of the locking claws 41 as shown in FIGS. 6 (b) and 7 (b). The lock is released to accept and eject the tool.

[0004]

However, in the lock mechanism 42 of the grip 40 in the conventional magazine device as described above, when the lock is released, as shown in FIG.
As described above, there is a problem that the lock claw 41 of the grip 40 and the lock shaft 42b interfere with each other, and a sufficient grip opening angle cannot be obtained. Moreover, in order to obtain a sufficient opening angle, the entire width becomes large. This means that in this type of magazine device, a plurality of grips 40 are radially arranged on the base body of the disk-shaped member as shown in FIG. Is not desirable for doing. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and when the locked state of the grip holding the tool is released, a sufficient grip opening angle can be obtained, and yet the same opening angle can be obtained. An object of the present invention is to provide a tool exchanging magazine device for a machine tool, which has a compact structure and can reduce the magazine diameter in which a plurality of grips are radially arranged.

[0005]

In order to achieve this object, the invention of claim 1 is a machine tool having a magazine in which a plurality of grips for holding a tool to be attached to and replaced with a spindle head are radially provided. In a tool tool magazine device for a machine, each of the grips includes at least two arm-shaped members rotatably supported by a fulcrum shaft on the magazine, and a pair of lock claws that are integral with the arm-shaped members and face each other. And a lock state that is operated in the direction of gripping the tool, and a lock release state that is operated in the direction of receiving or ejecting the tool, and a locking member is provided between the lock claws so as to be retractable. , When the locking member is placed between the locking claws, the grip is in a locked state, and when the locking member is not placed between the locking claws, the grip is Tsu and serves as a click-released state. According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the tool exchanging magazine device for a machine tool according to the first aspect, a portion for receiving and holding a tool is arranged on an outer peripheral side of a radially provided grip,
A lock claw is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the fulcrum shaft, and a biasing force is applied in the direction in which the outer peripheral side is always closed. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the tool exchanging magazine device for a machine tool according to the first or second aspect, the locking member includes a trapezoidal portion having a tapered surface fixed on the shaft, and the shaft. The center is offset from the center of the opposed lock claws, and the axial movement of the lock claws holds the locked state of the grip when the trapezoidal portion enters between the lock claws. Further, the invention of claim 4 is the magazine device for tool change of a machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of locking members are arranged close to each other in a central portion of the magazine, The lock claw of
It is arranged such that the distance between them becomes smaller toward the tip.

[0006]

According to the magazine exchanging device for machine tools of a machine tool having the above-mentioned structure, the arm-shaped member constituting the grip integrally has a lock pawl, and a lock which can be retracted and retracted between the lock pawls. By facing the locking member, the arm-shaped member is rotated in the direction in which the tool is gripped, and the arm-shaped member is replaced by preventing the locking member from facing between the locking claws. The lock is released when the tool is received from the spindle head or the like or rotated in the direction of discharging the tool to the spindle head or the like. In this unlocked state, since the locking member does not face between the locking claws, the tool gripping portion of the arm-shaped member has a large opening angle. Further, according to the tool exchanging magazine device of the machine tool of claim 2, there is a tool gripping portion on the outer peripheral side of the radially provided grip fulcrum shaft, a lock claw on the inner peripheral side, and an outer peripheral side. The tool grip portion is always biased in the closing direction, and when the lock member is inserted between the lock claws, the tool grip portion on the outer peripheral side is locked in the closing direction. Further, according to the tool exchanging magazine device for a machine tool of claim 3, the trapezoidal portion having the tapered surface of the locking member is moved by moving the shaft, and the trapezoidal portion is placed between the lock claws. When it enters, it becomes locked, and when the trapezoidal part comes out from between the lock claws, it becomes unlocked.At this time, the shaft is offset from the center of the lock claws, so nothing is interposed between the lock claws. Since it disappears, the opening angle of the tool gripping portion becomes large. In addition, claim 4
According to the tool exchanging magazine device of the machine tool, since the locking members are provided close to each other at the center of the magazine in which a plurality of grips are radially arranged, the grip opening angle is relatively large. With a large diameter, the magazine diameter can be made small, and the distance between the locking claws becomes smaller toward the tip, so a sufficient locking action can be obtained even if a trapezoidal portion of the locking member with a small diameter is used.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A machine tool having a tool changing magazine device for changing tools according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a side view showing the overall configuration, FIG. 2 is a side view of one grip in the magazine device, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a lock mechanism portion of the grip, and FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of the magazine device. Machine tool 1
A workpiece (not shown) is subjected to cutting and other work in the horizontal direction (left and right in FIG. 1), and can be moved in the vertical direction with respect to the column 2 that is movable in the front and rear and left and right directions. It is composed of a spindle head 3 provided and a magazine device 4 that is movable in the front-rear direction with respect to the column 2 and is rotatable so as to rotate automatically. The spindle head 3 is vertically driven by a ball screw (not shown) provided on the column 2 side. This spindle head 3 has a spindle part (main shaft) 6 which has a holder part 5 for holding and clamping a tool holder 5a (FIG. 2) at its tip part and is driven to rotate,
Spindle motor 7 for rotating this spindle shaft 6
And a part of the unclamp mechanism 8 for releasing the clamp of the tool.

As a member constituting the unclamp mechanism 8, a rod 9 is inserted into a hollow portion of the spindle shaft 6 so as to be movable parallel to the shaft, and is urged by an unclamp spring (not shown), and the spindle shaft 6. An unclamp ring 10 fitted to the outer periphery of the rod 9 and connected by a pin at the rear end side of the rod 9 is provided on the spindle head 3 side. As other members constituting the unclamp mechanism 8, an unclamp lever 12 rotatably supported by a fulcrum base 11 on the column 2 side and the unclamp lever 1 are provided.
2 and the cam 13 that drives the rotation of the column 2 within a predetermined angle,
It is provided on the side. The upper end portion (dotted line portion) of the unclamp lever 12 has a cam groove 13 a for unclamping the cam 13.
The unclamp lever 12 is rotated by the rotation of the cam 13. The lower end of the unclamp lever 12 has an opening 3 formed in the exterior cover of the spindle head 3.
When the spindle head 3 rises, it comes into contact with the side end surface of the unclamp ring 10 and comes into contact with the side end surface of the unclamp ring 10. The cam drive causes the unclamp lever 12 to rotate as indicated by the chain double-dashed line. , The unclamp ring 10 is pushed forward, whereby the clamped state of the tool can be released.

The magazine device 4 has a disk-shaped magazine 15 in which a plurality of grips 14 for holding tools are radially arranged, and the magazine 15 is rotatably supported by a magazine support portion 16 fixed to the column 2 side. It is held by a rotating shaft 17 that is rotated, and is movable in the horizontal direction by a spline formed on the rotating shaft 17, and is rotated together with the shaft 17. The rotary shaft 17 has a reduction gear mechanism 18 and a drive shaft 19 and a magazine rotation motor 2
Connected to 0. Further, the magazine 15 is provided with a lock mechanism 22 (details will be described later) having a tapered lock member for locking the grip 14 in the closing direction at all times, and at a predetermined rotation position such as a position for tool change. Only the lock is designed to be released. The lower side of the magazine 15 in FIG. 1 shows the unlocked state.

Further, the magazine 15 of the magazine support portion 16
A positioning pin 21a for stopping the magazine 15 at a predetermined indexing and turning position is provided on the surface facing to, and the positioning pin 21a is provided on the back surface of the magazine 15.
Positioning holes 21b into which a plurality of grips 1 can be fitted
4 are provided at positions corresponding to the respective four. Then, when the indexed magazine 15 is retracted for tool replacement, the positioning pin 21a moves into the positioning hole 2
The magazine 15 is accurately positioned by fitting in the 1b.

Further, as a mechanism for moving the magazine 15 in the front-rear direction for tool exchange, a front-rear shaft shaft 23 supported by a cam base 16a attached to the magazine support 16 so as to be movable back and forth, and the front-rear shaft. It has a front and rear lever 24 for moving the shaft 23 back and forth. The front-rear lever 24 is rotatably supported on the top plate of the cam base 16a, and a cam follower (not shown) fastened to one end thereof is fitted in a front-rear cam groove 13b of the cam 13 and a cam follower 24a fastened to the other end. Are engaged with front and rear cam members 25 coupled to the front and rear shaft shafts 23. The cam followers 23a fastened to the front end portions of the front and rear shaft shafts 23 are provided in the cam groove 2 provided integrally with the magazine 15.
6, so that the longitudinal movement of the shaft shaft 23 is transmitted to the magazine 15. Further, the integrated cam 13 provided with the unclamping cam groove 13a and the front-rear cam groove 13b is connected to a cam drive motor (not shown) via the cam shaft 27, and the rotational position of the cam 13 can be changed. The rotation is controlled on the basis of a signal from a cam sensor (not shown) for detection. The cam 15 drives the magazine 15 in the front-rear direction via the front-rear lever 24. The front-rear cam member 25 'indicated by a chain double-dashed line indicates the position when it moves forward.

Now, the grip 14 for holding the tool and the lock mechanism 22 thereof will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4. Each of the plurality of grips 14 is rotatably supported by the support shafts 31, 31 on the disc-shaped base material of the magazine 15, and is opened and closed by a compression spring 32 in a direction in which the tool gripping portion on the outer peripheral side is closed. Possible arm-shaped member 14a,
14b. A rotating roller 34 for facilitating the mounting and dismounting of the tool holder 5a is attached to the tip end portions of the arm-shaped members 14a and 14b on the tool gripping portion side. In addition, a pair of lock claws 35 that are integrally opposed to each other are formed at the ends of the arm-shaped members 14a and 14b on the inner peripheral side opposite to the tool gripping portions. The lock claws 35 are configured such that the distance between them becomes smaller toward the tip.

The lock mechanism 22 has a trapezoidal lock member 22a having a tapered surface fixed on the shaft 22b, which can be retracted between the lock claws 35, and the center of the shaft 22b corresponds to that of the opposite lock claw 35. It is offset from the center. When the lock member 22a enters between the lock claws 35 due to the axial movement of the lock member 22a, the grip 14 is locked, that is, the tool holder 5a is held, and the lock member 22a comes out from between the lock claws 35. When the tool holder 5a is opened, the lock state is established in which the tool holder 5a is received or ejected. Further, the lock members 22 a of the plurality of lock mechanisms 22 are arranged close to each other in the central portion of the magazine 15. The shaft 22b of the lock mechanism 22
Is a bracket 2 attached to the base material of the magazine 15.
It is supported by 2c and is always urged by a spring to shift to a locked state.

Next, the automatic tool changing operation of the machine tool configured as described above will be described. When the automatic tool change operation is started, the spindle head 3 moves up, and the unclamp lever 12 can come into contact with the unclamp ring 10. At this time, the holder portion 5 of the spindle shaft 6 on the spindle head 3 side is held. The clamped tool holder is transferred to the grip 14 of the magazine 15. Further, the cam drive motor is driven to rotationally drive the cam 13 via the cam shaft 27, the cam follower at the upper end of the unclamp lever 12 is tilted in the unclamping cam groove 13a, and the unclamp lever 12 is moved to the fulcrum base 11. The cam follower at the lower end pushes the side end surface of the unclamp ring 10, the rod 9 is moved against the bias by the unclamp spring, and unclamping is performed.

Further, the cam follower at one end of the front and rear lever 24 is tilted by the front and rear cam groove 13b of the magazine, the front and rear lever 24 starts to move, and the cam follower 24 at the other end.
a pushes the front-rear cam 25 and advances the front-rear shaft shaft 23. As a result, the cam follower 23 a at the tip of the front and rear shaft shaft 23 advances the magazine 15 via the cam groove 26. After that, the magazine rotation motor 20 rotates, the magazine 15 is rotated through the spline of the reduction gear mechanism 18 and the rotation shaft 17, and the stop position is determined. After the indexing is completed, the cam 13 is reversed by rotating the cam drive motor in the reverse direction. As a result, the reverse operation is performed in the reverse order of the above operation. That is, the indexed magazine 15
Is retracted, the tool holder 5a is passed from the magazine 15 to the holder portion 5 on the spindle head 3 side, and clamping is performed.

Next, the operation of the grip 14 and the lock mechanism 22 according to this embodiment will be described. By moving the lock member 22a in the axial direction, the locked state shown in FIG.
In the unlocked state shown in (b), the lock mechanism 22
Since the center of the shaft 22b of the lock member 22a is offset from the center of the opposite lock claw 35, the lock member 22a is
All of them including the lock claw 35 slipped out,
The lock claw 35 and the shaft 22b do not interfere with each other. For this reason, the opening angle of the tool gripping portion of the grip 14 can be widened, so that the tool holder 5a can be easily received or discharged. Also, the grip 14 for obtaining the same opening angle
The structure is compact, and as is clear from comparison between FIG. 4 of the present embodiment and FIG. 8 of the conventional example, the diameter of the magazine 15 can be reduced and the entire apparatus can be downsized. Further, since the lock member 22a has a trapezoidal shape with a tapered surface, it is possible to absorb variations in the shape of the tool holder 5a. The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made.

[0017]

As described above, according to the tool exchanging magazine device for a machine tool according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the tool is moved by causing the locking member to face between the locking claws provided on the grip. It is in the locked state for gripping, and the lock member is not exposed between the lock claws, so that it is in the unlocked state for accepting or discharging the tool.In this unlocked state, the tool gripping part of the grip has a large opening angle. In addition, the structure for obtaining the same opening angle becomes compact, and the magazine diameter can be reduced. According to the tool exchanging magazine device for a machine tool of the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above effects, the trapezoidal portion having the tapered surface is formed between the lock claws due to the axial movement of the locking member. The lock-in state is entered, the trapezoidal part comes out from between the lock claws and the lock is released, and the shaft is offset from the lock claws, so all the members come out from between the lock claws. When the size is increased and the same opening angle is obtained, the grip can be made compact and the magazine can be made compact as compared with the conventional structure. According to the tool exchanging magazine device for a machine tool of the invention of claim 4, in addition to the above effects, the locking member of the grip is provided close to the central portion of the magazine, Since the diameter is smaller toward the tip, the magazine diameter can be reduced even if the opening angle of the grip is relatively large, and a reliable locking action can be obtained even if a small locking member is used.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a machine tool including a tool changing magazine device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a grip in the same device.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a lock mechanism portion of a grip in the device.

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a magazine in the same device.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a conventional grip.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a conventional grip.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a lock mechanism portion of a conventional grip.

FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of a conventional magazine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Machine tool 4 Magazine device 5 Tool holder 14 Grips 14a, 14b Arm member 15 Magazine 22 Lock mechanism 22a Lock member 22b Shaft 31 Support shaft 32 Compression spring 35 Lock claw

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A tool exchanging magazine device for a machine tool, comprising a magazine in which a plurality of grips for holding and exchanging a tool to be attached to and exchanged with a spindle head are radially provided, each of the grips being on a magazine. A lock state in which at least two arm-shaped members rotatably supported by the fulcrum shaft and a pair of lock claws integrally facing the arm-shaped members and facing each other are provided, and which is operated in a direction for gripping a tool;
A lock release state that is operated in a direction for receiving or ejecting a tool is provided, and a locking member is provided between the locking claws so as to be retractable and retractable, and the locking member is faced between the locking claws. A tool changing magazine device for a machine tool, wherein the grip is sometimes locked and the grip is unlocked when the locking member is not exposed between the locking claws. 2. A portion for receiving and gripping a tool is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the radially arranged grip, the lock claw is arranged on the inner peripheral side across the fulcrum shaft, and the outer peripheral side is always closed. The tool changing magazine device for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a force is applied. 3. The locking member comprises a trapezoidal portion having a taper surface fixed on an axis, the axis center of which is offset from the center of the opposed locking claw, and the axial movement thereof causes the locking member to move. The tool changing magazine device for a machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the trapezoidal portion holds the locked state of the grip when the trapezoidal portion is inserted between the lock claws. 4. The plurality of locking members are arranged close to each other in the center of the magazine, and the pair of locking claws are arranged such that the distance between them becomes smaller toward the tip. A tool changing magazine device for a machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3.