JPH08120334A - High strength and high toughness stainless steel casting - Google Patents
High strength and high toughness stainless steel castingInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08120334A JPH08120334A JP25057294A JP25057294A JPH08120334A JP H08120334 A JPH08120334 A JP H08120334A JP 25057294 A JP25057294 A JP 25057294A JP 25057294 A JP25057294 A JP 25057294A JP H08120334 A JPH08120334 A JP H08120334A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- less
- stainless steel
- casting
- toughness
- steel casting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012761 high-performance material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は遠心圧縮機や軸流圧縮機
のインペラ等の高耐食性、高強度及び高靭性が要求され
る機械部品に適用できる高強度高靭性ステンレス鋼鋳物
に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high strength and high toughness stainless steel casting which can be applied to machine parts such as impellers of centrifugal compressors and axial flow compressors which are required to have high corrosion resistance, high strength and high toughness. .
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、コンプレッサ部品、化学プラン
ト部品あるいは高力ボルト等の高強度、高靭性、耐食性
等が要求される機械部品には、いわゆる17−4PH
(析出硬化型ステンレス鋼:JIS−SUS630)と
称されるマルテンサイト系析出硬化型ステンレス鋼材が
多用されている。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, so-called 17-4PH is used for mechanical parts such as compressor parts, chemical plant parts or high strength bolts which are required to have high strength, high toughness and corrosion resistance.
A martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel material called (precipitation hardening stainless steel: JIS-SUS630) is often used.
【0003】この17−4PHは低C−17Cr−4N
i−3Cu−0.2Nb+Ta系の組成を持つ高強度ス
テンレス鋼材であり、これは低C系マルテンサイトの基
地に微細なCu−rich相を時効処理によって析出さ
せることで、高い強度、靭性及び耐食性と共に、良好な
鋳造性、機械加工性を発揮する材料である。This 17-4PH is a low C-17Cr-4N.
i-3Cu-0.2Nb + Ta is a high-strength stainless steel material having a composition of high strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance by precipitating a fine Cu-rich phase on a low C martensite matrix by aging treatment. At the same time, it is a material that exhibits good castability and machinability.
【0004】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、遠心圧縮機
や軸流圧縮機のインペラ等の複雑な形状をした高回転部
品の場合、上述した機械部品のような鍛造による成形が
困難なため、その殆どは鋳造によって成形されている。
そのため、上述したような17−4PHを用いた場合、
適当な熱処理を行っても十分な靭性が得られにくいとい
った問題点があり、良好な特性を有する鋳造品を得るこ
とは困難であった。例えば、17−4PHからなる鋳物
(0.2%耐力:74kgf/mm2(725N/mm2) 以上)の場
合、+20℃における2mmVノッチ試験片によるシャル
ピー衝撃試験の吸収エネルギーは約1kgf・m(9.8J) が限
度であり、良好なインペラ等の高回転部品を得るために
は少なくともこれ以上の吸収エネルギーすなわち靭性が
必要である。By the way, in the case of a high-speed rotating component having a complicated shape such as an impeller of a centrifugal compressor or an axial flow compressor, it is difficult to form it by forging like the mechanical component described above. Most are formed by casting.
Therefore, when using 17-4PH as described above,
There is a problem that it is difficult to obtain sufficient toughness even if an appropriate heat treatment is performed, and it is difficult to obtain a cast product having good characteristics. For example, in the case of a casting made of 17-4PH (0.2% proof stress: 74 kgf / mm2 (725N / mm2) or more), the absorbed energy of the Charpy impact test by the 2 mmV notch test piece at + 20 ° C is about 1 kgf ・ m (9.8J ) Is the limit, and at least higher absorbed energy, that is, toughness, is necessary to obtain a high-speed rotating component such as a good impeller.
【0005】そこで、本発明は上記の問題点を有効に解
決するために案出されたものであり、その目的は高度な
強度、耐食性を備えると共に、靭性を大巾に向上させた
新規な高強度高靭性ステンレス鋼鋳物を提供することに
ある。Therefore, the present invention has been devised in order to effectively solve the above-mentioned problems, and the purpose thereof is to provide a novel high-performance material having a high degree of strength and corrosion resistance, as well as a significantly improved toughness. It is to provide a high strength and high toughness stainless steel casting.
【0006】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
の本発明は、重量%で、C:0.18%以下、Si:
1.0%以下、Mn:1.0%以下、P:0.03%以
下、S:0.03%以下、Cr:15.0〜17.0
%、Ni:4.0〜6.0%、残部Fe及び不可避的不
純物からなる鋳物材を鋳造後、950〜1060℃×
0.5〜6時間の条件で焼入れ、−70℃以下×肉厚1
インチ当り1時間の条件でサブゼロ処理、440〜64
0℃×1〜6時間の条件で焼戻しする一連の熱処理を施
して0.2%耐力:50kgf/mm2 (490N/m
m2 )以上としたものであり、これによって、20℃の
条件下で2mmVノッチシャルピー衝撃試験特性におけ
る吸収エネルギーが1kgf・m(9.8J)以上の高
靭性鋳物が得られる。すなわち、本発明者は表1に示す
ような従来の17−4PHを構成する化学成分のうち、
析出硬化元素のCu並びに炭化物生成元素のNb+Ta
の存在が、靭性の低下に大きく関与することを見出だ
し、このCu並びにNb+Taを無添加とすると共に、
他の成分を若干調整することで本発明に至ったものであ
る。According to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, C: 0.18% or less and Si:
1.0% or less, Mn: 1.0% or less, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.03% or less, Cr: 15.0 to 17.0
%, Ni: 4.0 to 6.0%, the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities, after casting a casting material, 950 to 1060 ° C.
Quench for 0.5 to 6 hours, -70 ° C or less x wall thickness 1
Sub-zero treatment under conditions of 1 hour per inch, 440-64
0.2% proof stress: 50 kgf / mm 2 (490 N / m
m 2 ) or more, whereby a high toughness casting having an absorbed energy of 2 kgV notch Charpy impact test characteristic of 1 kgf · m (9.8 J) or more can be obtained under the condition of 20 ° C. That is, the inventor of the present invention, among the chemical components constituting the conventional 17-4PH as shown in Table 1,
Precipitation hardening element Cu and carbide forming element Nb + Ta
It was found that the presence of Cu greatly contributes to the reduction of toughness, and Cu and Nb + Ta are not added, and
The present invention was achieved by slightly adjusting other components.
【0007】本発明において、Cは周知の通り強度を得
るために必要であり、その添加量を0.18重量%以下
としたのは、この値を越えると溶接性が大きく低下する
ためである。また、Siは脱酸及びフェライト生成、基
地強化のために必要であるが、1.0重量%を越えると
靭性を損なう結果を招くことから、1.0重量%以下で
あり、望ましくは0.5重量%前後である。また、Mn
もSiと同様な機能を発揮するが、1.0重量%を越え
るとアノード溶解を加速して靭性を損なうことからSi
と同様1.0重量%以下、望ましくは0.5重量%前後
である。P及びSは溶解の際に付随的に混入する元素で
あって、少ない方が良いから本発明においては大気溶解
時にその混入量を工業的に制御できるおよそ0.03重
量%以下とすることが望ましい。Crを15.0〜1
7.0重量%、Niを4.0〜6.0重量%として組み
合わせたのは、焼入れの際、1040℃のオーステナイ
ト化温度に加熱したとき、ほとんどが準安定オーステナ
イトであり、僅かにデルタフェライトが混在する基地を
なすためである。Crが15.0%重量以下では耐食性
が減少し、反対に17.0重量%を越えると1040℃
に加熱したとき、基地の準安定オーステナイトにおい
て、第2層のデルタフェライトの比率が急激に増加する
からである。また、Niは溶接性及び靭性の改善に寄与
するものであるが、4.0重量%以下ではその効果が現
れず、6.0重量%を越えるとMs点が常温付近まで低
下するという不具合が生ずる。In the present invention, C is necessary to obtain strength as is well known, and the amount of C added is set to 0.18% by weight or less because the weldability is greatly deteriorated if this value is exceeded. . Further, Si is necessary for deoxidation, ferrite formation, and matrix strengthening, but if it exceeds 1.0% by weight, toughness is impaired. Therefore, it is 1.0% by weight or less, preferably 0. It is around 5% by weight. Also, Mn
Also exhibits the same function as Si, but if it exceeds 1.0% by weight, the dissolution of the anode is accelerated and the toughness is impaired.
Similarly to the above, the content is 1.0% by weight or less, preferably around 0.5% by weight. P and S are elements that are incidentally mixed during melting, and the smaller the amount, the better. In the present invention, the amount of mixing is about 0.03% by weight or less, which can be industrially controlled when melting in air. desirable. Cr 15.0-1
The combination of 7.0 wt% and Ni of 4.0 to 6.0 wt% is that when quenching, when heated to an austenitizing temperature of 1040 ° C., most are metastable austenite, and slightly delta ferrite. This is to form a mixed base. When Cr is less than 15.0% by weight, corrosion resistance decreases, and when it exceeds 17.0% by weight, it is 1040 ° C.
This is because the ratio of the delta ferrite in the second layer in the metastable austenite of the matrix rapidly increases when heated to a low temperature. Further, Ni contributes to the improvement of weldability and toughness, but if it is 4.0% by weight or less, its effect does not appear, and if it exceeds 6.0% by weight, the Ms point decreases to around room temperature. Occurs.
【0008】また、焼入れは周知のように急冷すること
によってマルテンサイト変態を起こすためであり、この
際、950℃〜1060℃で0.5時間〜6時間加熱す
るのはこれによって予め成分の均一性及び上記成分から
なる鋳物の残留応力を取り除くことができるからであ
る。また、サブゼロ処理は液体窒素などの極低温液体を
用いて−70℃以下に冷却することで、強度に悪影響を
与える残留オーステナイトをマルテンサイトに変態する
ことができる。この時、処理時間は鋳物の肉厚1インチ
当り1時間程度であり、これは肉厚に応じて適宜増減す
ることになる。さらに、440〜640℃で1〜6時間
かけて焼戻しすることで、硬さと脆さをやや低下させ
て、本発明の目的である靭性及び延性を向上させるもの
である。As is well known, quenching causes a martensitic transformation by rapid cooling. At this time, heating at 950 ° C. to 1060 ° C. for 0.5 to 6 hours ensures uniform distribution of the components in advance. This is because it is possible to remove the residual stress of the cast iron composed of the above properties and the above components. Further, in the sub-zero treatment, by using an extremely low temperature liquid such as liquid nitrogen to cool the temperature to −70 ° C. or lower, it is possible to transform the residual austenite that adversely affects the strength into martensite. At this time, the processing time is about 1 hour per 1 inch of the wall thickness of the casting, and this will be appropriately increased or decreased depending on the wall thickness. Further, by tempering at 440 to 640 ° C. for 1 to 6 hours, hardness and brittleness are slightly reduced, and toughness and ductility, which are the objects of the present invention, are improved.
【0009】[0009]
【作用】本発明は上述したような成分の材料を用い、上
述したような熱処理を行うことで0.2%耐力:50k
gf/mm2 (490N/mm2 )以上とした時の、+
20℃の条件下で2mmVノッチシャルピー衝撃試験特
性における吸収エネルギーが1kgf・m(9.8J)
以上となり、強度や耐蝕性、あるいは鋳造性、機械加工
性を殆ど犠牲にすることなく、靭性が大巾に向上するこ
とになる。The present invention uses the materials having the above-mentioned components and performs the heat treatment as described above to obtain 0.2% proof stress: 50 k.
+ when gf / mm 2 (490 N / mm 2 ) or more
Absorbed energy in 2mmV notch Charpy impact test characteristics at 20 ℃ is 1kgf ・ m (9.8J)
As described above, the toughness is greatly improved with almost no sacrifice in strength, corrosion resistance, castability, and machinability.
【0010】[0010]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例を詳述する。EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described in detail below.
【0011】先ず、表1に示すような化学組成を有する
本発明材と、比較例として従来の17−4PHを用い
て、図1及び図2に示すような形状をした2種類の精密
鋳造インペラ試験材を複数鋳造した。First, two kinds of precision casting impellers having the shapes shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 were prepared by using the materials of the present invention having the chemical compositions shown in Table 1 and the conventional 17-4PH as a comparative example. A plurality of test materials were cast.
【0012】[0012]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0013】次に、図1に示すように、これら各精密鋳
造インペラ試験材の所定の部位からそれぞれ複数の2m
mVノッチ衝撃試験片と平滑丸棒引張試験片を切り出
し、本発明材から成る試験材については表2に示すよう
に、1040℃×4時間加熱後、油中にドブツケして急
冷した後、−100℃×1時間、サブゼロ処理し、その
後460℃で3時間焼戻しを施し、比較材については1
038℃×2時間加熱して固溶化した後、ファン空冷
し、その後、482℃×3時間で析出硬化処理を行って
それぞれの0.2%耐力を約100Kgf/mm2 に熱
処理した後、これら各試験片を用いて引張試験と、2m
mVノッチシャルピー衝撃試験(+20℃)を行い、そ
の個々の結果と平均値を表2及び表3に示す。Next, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of 2 m from each predetermined portion of each of these precision casting impeller test materials.
The mV notch impact test piece and the smooth round bar tensile test piece were cut out, and as shown in Table 2 for the test material composed of the material of the present invention, after heating at 1040 ° C. for 4 hours, the material was lumped in oil and rapidly cooled, Subzero treatment at 100 ° C for 1 hour, then tempering at 460 ° C for 3 hours.
After heating at 038 ° C. for 2 hours to form a solid solution, air cooling with a fan, and then precipitation hardening treatment at 482 ° C. for 3 hours to heat-treat each 0.2% proof stress to about 100 Kgf / mm 2 , Tensile test using each test piece and 2m
An mV notch Charpy impact test (+ 20 ° C.) was performed, and the individual results and average values are shown in Tables 2 and 3.
【0014】[0014]
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0015】[0015]
【表3】 [Table 3]
【0016】この結果、表2からも明らかなように、本
発明材は引張強さ、伸び、絞りの平均値はいずれも従来
の17−4PHと略同様な値を示した。一方、表3に示
すように、従来の17−4PHからなる試験材の吸収エ
ネルギーの平均値は0.96Kgf・m(9.3J)で
あるのに対し、本発明材からなる試験材の吸収エネルギ
ーの平均値は4.54kgf・m(45J)であり、吸
収エネルギーが約4.5倍以上に向上し、非常に優れた
靭性を発揮していることがわかる。As a result, as is clear from Table 2, the average values of tensile strength, elongation and reduction of the material of the present invention were substantially the same as those of the conventional 17-4PH. On the other hand, as shown in Table 3, while the average value of the absorbed energy of the conventional test material made of 17-4PH is 0.96 Kgf · m (9.3 J), the absorption of the test material made of the material of the present invention is The average value of energy is 4.54 kgf · m (45 J), and it can be seen that the absorbed energy is improved by about 4.5 times or more, and that extremely excellent toughness is exhibited.
【0017】[0017]
【発明の効果】以上要するに本発明によれば、強度や耐
蝕性等を殆ど犠牲にすることなく、靭性を大巾に向上さ
せることができるため、信頼性の高い機械部品を容易に
得ることができる等といった優れた効果を有する。In summary, according to the present invention, since the toughness can be greatly improved without sacrificing the strength and the corrosion resistance, it is possible to easily obtain a highly reliable mechanical component. It has an excellent effect that it can be done.
【図1】本実施例で作製した精密鋳造インペラを示す概
略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a precision casting impeller manufactured in this example.
Claims (2)
1.0%以下、Mn:1.0%以下、P:0.03%以
下、S:0.03%以下、Cr:15.0〜17.0
%、Ni:4.0〜6.0%、残部Fe及び不可避的不
純物からなる鋳物材を鋳造後、焼入れ、サブゼロ処理、
焼戻しする一連の熱処理を施して0.2%耐力:50k
gf/mm2 (490N/mm2 )以上としたことを特
徴とする高強度高靭性ステンレス鋼鋳物。1. By weight%, C: 0.18% or less, Si:
1.0% or less, Mn: 1.0% or less, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.03% or less, Cr: 15.0 to 17.0
%, Ni: 4.0-6.0%, the balance Fe and the unavoidable impurities, after casting a casting material, quenching, sub-zero treatment,
0.2% proof stress: 50k after a series of heat treatment for tempering
A high-strength and high-toughness stainless steel casting characterized by having a gf / mm 2 (490 N / mm 2 ) or more.
×0.5時間〜6時間加熱後急冷、サブゼロ処理条件が
−70℃以下×肉厚1インチ当り1時間空冷、焼き戻し
条件が440℃〜640℃×1時間〜6時間後空冷する
ものであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の高強度高靭
性ステンレス鋼鋳物。2. The quenching condition is 950 ° C. to 1060 ° C.
X 0.5 to 6 hours after heating, rapid cooling, sub-zero treatment conditions of -70 ° C or less x 1 hour per inch of wall thickness air cooling, tempering conditions of 440 to 640 ° C x 1 to 6 hours after air cooling The high-strength, high-toughness stainless steel casting according to claim 1, wherein
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25057294A JPH08120334A (en) | 1994-10-17 | 1994-10-17 | High strength and high toughness stainless steel casting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25057294A JPH08120334A (en) | 1994-10-17 | 1994-10-17 | High strength and high toughness stainless steel casting |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08120334A true JPH08120334A (en) | 1996-05-14 |
Family
ID=17209889
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25057294A Pending JPH08120334A (en) | 1994-10-17 | 1994-10-17 | High strength and high toughness stainless steel casting |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH08120334A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100390305C (en) * | 2005-06-28 | 2008-05-28 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of cryogenic treatment method of high-speed steel cutting tool |
| CN103589839A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-02-19 | 航天精工股份有限公司 | Heat treatment technique of high-carbon high-chromium stainless steel |
| CN110066968A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-07-30 | 西安汇丰精密合金制造有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of precipitation-hardening stainless steel hot rolled plate |
-
1994
- 1994-10-17 JP JP25057294A patent/JPH08120334A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100390305C (en) * | 2005-06-28 | 2008-05-28 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of cryogenic treatment method of high-speed steel cutting tool |
| CN103589839A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-02-19 | 航天精工股份有限公司 | Heat treatment technique of high-carbon high-chromium stainless steel |
| CN110066968A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-07-30 | 西安汇丰精密合金制造有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of precipitation-hardening stainless steel hot rolled plate |
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