JPH08162143A - Fuel cell - Google Patents
Fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08162143A JPH08162143A JP6331842A JP33184294A JPH08162143A JP H08162143 A JPH08162143 A JP H08162143A JP 6331842 A JP6331842 A JP 6331842A JP 33184294 A JP33184294 A JP 33184294A JP H08162143 A JPH08162143 A JP H08162143A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- fuel cell
- coating layer
- laminated body
- laminated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】 燃料電池に形成された燃料の給排用流路から
燃料が外部へ漏れるのを防止する。
【構成】 積層体１０は、電解質膜と、電解質膜を挟持
するガス拡散電極と、このガス拡散電極をシール部材４
０と共に挟持する集電極２０とを複数積層して構成され
る。集電極２０には、積層方向に貫通する複数の貫通孔
が形成されており、この貫通孔により積層体１０内に積
層方向の燃料の給排用流路が形成されている。積層体１
０の両積層端には、エンドプレート５０が設置され、積
層体１０の積層方向に沿った４つの側面は、ゴムにより
形成された被覆層６０により覆われている。積層体１０
に衝撃荷重が作用し、燃料の給排用流路の形成部に割れ
等が生じても、被覆層６０が積層体１０内と外部とを遮
断するので、燃料の給排用流路から燃料が漏れるのを防
止することができる。
(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To prevent the fuel from leaking to the outside from the fuel supply / discharge passage formed in the fuel cell. [Structure] The laminated body 10 includes an electrolyte membrane, a gas diffusion electrode sandwiching the electrolyte membrane, and a sealing member 4 for the gas diffusion electrode.
It is configured by stacking a plurality of collector electrodes 20 that are sandwiched together with zero. A plurality of through holes penetrating in the stacking direction is formed in the collector electrode 20, and a fuel supply / discharge channel in the stacking direction is formed in the stack 10 by the through holes. Stack 1
End plates 50 are installed at both laminated ends of 0, and four side surfaces of the laminated body 10 along the laminating direction are covered with a coating layer 60 formed of rubber. Laminate 10
Even if an impact load acts on the fuel cell and a crack or the like occurs in the portion where the fuel supply / discharge channel is formed, the coating layer 60 blocks the inside of the laminate 10 from the outside. Can be prevented from leaking.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、燃料電池に関し、詳し
くは電解質層と電極とを複数積層してなり内部に燃料の
流路が形成された積層体を備える燃料電池に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel cell, and more particularly to a fuel cell provided with a laminate having a plurality of electrolyte layers and electrodes laminated therein and having a fuel passage formed therein.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、この種の燃料電池としては、所定
の位置に貫通孔が形成された単電池を複数積層すること
により、燃料電池を構成する積層体の内部に燃料の給排
用流路を形成するものが提案されている（例えば、特開
昭６２−１３６７７７号公報，特開平４−１４４０６９
号公報，特開平５−１７４８６２号公報等）。2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, as a fuel cell of this type, by stacking a plurality of unit cells each having a through hole formed at a predetermined position, a fuel supply / discharge stream is provided inside a stack constituting the fuel cell. A device for forming a path has been proposed (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-136777 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-144069).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-174862, etc.).
【０００３】これらの燃料電池は、電解質層と、この電
解質層を挟持してサンドイッチ構造とするガス拡散電極
と、このサンドイッチ構造を挟持しガス拡散電極とで燃
料の流路を形成すると共に隣接する単電池の隔壁をなす
集電極とからなる単電池を、複数積層することにより構
成される。燃料電池内部に形成される燃料の給排用流路
は、集電極の外縁部に形成された積層面を貫通する貫通
孔により形成される。集電極の形成材料としては、集電
極が燃料の流路を形成すると共に単電池の隔壁をなすこ
とから、燃料に対して化学的に安定で、燃料を透過せ
ず、導電性優れていることが要求される。上記の燃料電
池では、これらの要求を満たす緻密質カーボン（カーボ
ンを圧縮してガス不透過としたもの）が用いられてい
る。In these fuel cells, an electrolyte layer, a gas diffusion electrode sandwiching the electrolyte layer to form a sandwich structure, and a gas diffusion electrode sandwiching the sandwich structure to form a fuel flow path and are adjacent to each other. It is configured by stacking a plurality of single cells each including a collecting electrode forming a partition wall of the single cell. The fuel supply / discharge channel formed inside the fuel cell is formed by a through hole that penetrates the stacking surface formed at the outer edge of the collector electrode. As the material for forming the collecting electrode, the collecting electrode forms the fuel flow path and forms the partition wall of the unit cell, so that it is chemically stable to the fuel, does not permeate the fuel, and has excellent conductivity. Is required. The above-mentioned fuel cell uses dense carbon (compressed carbon to make it gas impermeable) that satisfies these requirements.
【０００４】また、これらの燃料電池では、燃料の給排
用流路から燃料が漏れるのを防止するため、集電極の外
縁部に形成された貫通孔の外周にＯリング等のシール部
材を配置して積層している。Further, in these fuel cells, in order to prevent fuel from leaking from the fuel supply / discharge channel, a seal member such as an O-ring is arranged on the outer periphery of the through hole formed in the outer edge of the collector electrode. Then they are stacked.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、こうし
た緻密質カーボンで形成され外縁部に燃料の給排用流路
を形成するための貫通孔が形成された集電極を複数積層
してなる燃料電池では、緻密質カーボンが脆性材料であ
るため、衝撃等により割れ等が生じやすく、燃料が外部
に漏れやすいという問題があった。特に燃料電池を移動
車両等に搭載する場合、移動車両の不慮の事故等によっ
て生じる衝撃をも考慮する必要があり、この問題はクロ
ーズアップされる。However, in a fuel cell in which a plurality of collector electrodes formed of dense carbon and having through holes for forming fuel supply / discharge passages at the outer edge thereof are laminated, Since the dense carbon is a brittle material, there is a problem that cracks and the like are likely to occur due to impact and the fuel is likely to leak to the outside. In particular, when the fuel cell is mounted on a moving vehicle or the like, it is necessary to consider the impact caused by an unexpected accident of the moving vehicle, and this problem is highlighted.
【０００６】こうした問題は、集電極を緻密質カーボン
を材料として形成した場合に限られるものでなく、他の
材料により形成した場合でも同様である。These problems are not limited to the case where the collecting electrode is made of dense carbon as a material, and the same problem occurs when the collecting electrode is made of another material.
【０００７】本発明の燃料電池は、こうした問題を解決
し、燃料電池に形成された燃料の給排用流路から燃料が
外部へ漏れるのを防止することを目的とし、次の構成を
採った。The fuel cell of the present invention has the following constitution for the purpose of solving these problems and preventing the fuel from leaking to the outside from the fuel supply / discharge passage formed in the fuel cell. .
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の第１の燃料電池
は、電解質層と電極とからなる単電池を複数積層してな
り内部に燃料の流路が形成された積層体を備える燃料電
池であって、前記積層体は、該積層体の側面の少なくと
も一部を複数の単電池に亘って被覆する弾性体からなる
被覆層を備えてなることを要旨とする。A first fuel cell of the present invention is a fuel cell having a laminate in which a plurality of unit cells each having an electrolyte layer and an electrode are laminated and a fuel passage is formed inside. The gist of the invention is that the laminated body includes a coating layer made of an elastic body that covers at least a part of a side surface of the laminated body over a plurality of unit cells.
【０００９】本発明の第２の燃料電池は、電解質層と電
極とを複数積層してなり内部に燃料の流路が形成された
積層体を備える燃料電池であって、前記積層体は、前記
燃料の流路の形成面の少なくとも一部を被覆する弾性体
からなる被覆層を備えてなることを要旨とする。A second fuel cell of the present invention is a fuel cell comprising a laminated body in which a plurality of electrolyte layers and electrodes are laminated and in which a fuel passage is formed, wherein the laminated body is the The gist of the present invention is to include a coating layer made of an elastic body that covers at least a part of the surface where the fuel flow path is formed.
【００１０】ここで、前記第１または第２の燃料電池に
おいて、前記被覆層は、絶縁性材料により形成されてな
る構成とすることもできる。Here, in the first or second fuel cell, the coating layer may be formed of an insulating material.
【００１１】[0011]
【作用】以上のように構成された本発明の第１の燃料電
池は、積層体の側面の少なくとも一部を複数の単電池に
亘って被覆する弾性体からなる被覆層が、積層体と外部
とを遮断する。この結果、積層体の被覆層を備えた箇所
に衝撃等により割れ等が生じても、この割れ等から燃料
が外部に漏れるのを防止することができる。In the first fuel cell of the present invention configured as described above, the coating layer made of an elastic body that covers at least a part of the side surface of the stack over a plurality of unit cells has the stack and the outside. And cut off. As a result, even if a crack or the like occurs in a portion of the laminate provided with the coating layer due to an impact or the like, it is possible to prevent the fuel from leaking to the outside from the crack or the like.
【００１２】本発明の第１の燃料電池において、被覆層
を絶縁性材料とすれば、被覆層による単電池間の短絡を
防止することが可能となると共に、燃料電池を移動車両
に搭載する場合等に他の機器との絶縁が容易となる。In the first fuel cell of the present invention, if the coating layer is made of an insulating material, it is possible to prevent a short circuit between the cells due to the coating layer, and when the fuel cell is mounted on a mobile vehicle. Insulation from other devices is easy.
【００１３】本発明の第２の燃料電池は、燃料の流路の
形成面の少なくとも一部を被覆する弾性体からなる被覆
層が、燃料の流路内と外部とを遮断する。この結果、被
覆層を備えた燃料の流路の形成面に衝撃等により割れ等
が生じても、この割れ等から燃料が外部に漏れるのを防
止することができる。In the second fuel cell of the present invention, the coating layer made of an elastic material that covers at least a part of the surface where the fuel flow passage is formed blocks the inside and the outside of the fuel flow passage. As a result, even if a crack or the like is generated on the surface of the fuel passage having the coating layer on which the fuel flow path is formed, it is possible to prevent the fuel from leaking to the outside from the crack or the like.
【００１４】本発明の第２の燃料電池において、被覆層
を絶縁性材料とすれば、被覆層による部材間の短絡を防
止することができる。In the second fuel cell of the present invention, if the coating layer is made of an insulating material, a short circuit between members due to the coating layer can be prevented.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】以上説明した本発明の構成・作用を一層明ら
かにするために、以下本発明の好適な実施例について説
明する。図１は本発明の好適な一実施例である燃料電池
を構成する積層体１０の構成の概略を示す説明図、図２
は積層体１０を構成する単電池１１の構成を例示する分
解斜視図、図３は図１に示す積層体１０の３−３平面
（集電極２０の積層面）における断面図である。Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in order to further clarify the structure and operation of the present invention described above. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the outline of the structure of a laminate 10 that constitutes a fuel cell that is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
3 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the configuration of the unit cell 11 that constitutes the laminated body 10, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along plane 3-3 of the laminated body 10 shown in FIG. 1 (a laminated surface of the collector electrode 20).
【００１６】図１および図２に示すように、積層体１０
は、電解質膜１２と、電解質膜１２を挟持しサンドイッ
チ構造とする２つのガス拡散電極１４と、このサンドイ
ッチ構造を挟持すると共に隣接する単電池の隔壁をなす
２つの集電極２０と、サンドイッチ構造と共に集電極２
０に挟持されるシール部材４０とを複数積層して構成さ
れる。積層体１０の両積層端には、エンドプレート５０
が取り付けられており、積層体１０の積層方向に沿った
４つの側面には、全面に被覆層６０が形成されている。As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the laminated body 10
Includes an electrolyte membrane 12, two gas diffusion electrodes 14 that sandwich the electrolyte membrane 12 to form a sandwich structure, two collector electrodes 20 that sandwich the sandwich structure and form a partition of an adjacent cell, and a sandwich structure. Collector electrode 2
A plurality of sealing members 40 sandwiched between 0 are laminated. End plates 50 are provided on both ends of the laminated body 10.
Are attached, and coating layers 60 are formed on the entire surfaces of the four side surfaces of the stacked body 10 along the stacking direction.
【００１７】電解質膜１２は、高分子材料、例えば、フ
ッ素系樹脂により形成された厚さ１００μｍないし２０
０μｍのイオン交換膜であり、湿潤状態で良好な電気伝
導性を示す。２つのガス拡散電極１４は、表面をポリ四
フッ化エチレンでコーティングした炭素繊維と何等処理
されていない炭素繊維とを１対１の割合とした糸で織成
したカーボンクロスにより形成されている。ガス拡散電
極１４は、ポリ四フッ化エチレンが撥水性を呈するか
ら、その表面が水で覆われてガスの透過を阻害すること
はない。このカーボンクロスの電解質膜１２側の表面お
よび隙間には、触媒としての白金または白金と他の金属
からなる合金等を担持したカーボン粉が練り込まれてい
る。この電解質膜１２と２つのガス拡散電極１４は、２
つのガス拡散電極１４が電解質膜１２を挟んでサンドイ
ッチ構造とした状態で、１００℃ないし１６０℃好まし
くは１１０℃ないし１３０℃の温度で、１ＭＰａ｛１
０．２kgf／cm2｝ないし２０ＭＰａ｛１０２kgf／cm2｝
好ましくは５ＭＰａ｛５１kgf／cm2｝ないし１０ＭＰａ
｛１０２kgf／cm2｝の圧力を作用させて接合するホット
プレス法により接合されている。The electrolyte membrane 12 is made of a polymer material such as a fluororesin and has a thickness of 100 μm to 20 μm.
It is a 0 μm ion-exchange membrane and exhibits good electric conductivity in a wet state. Each of the two gas diffusion electrodes 14 is formed of a carbon cloth woven by a yarn having a surface ratio of carbon fibers coated with polytetrafluoroethylene and carbon fibers not subjected to any treatment in a ratio of 1: 1. Since the polytetrafluoroethylene exhibits water repellency in the gas diffusion electrode 14, its surface is not covered with water and does not hinder gas permeation. Carbon powder carrying platinum or an alloy of platinum and another metal as a catalyst is kneaded into the surface and the gap of the carbon cloth on the electrolyte membrane 12 side. The electrolyte membrane 12 and the two gas diffusion electrodes 14 are
With one gas diffusion electrode 14 sandwiching the electrolyte membrane 12 in a sandwich structure, at a temperature of 100 ° C. to 160 ° C., preferably 110 ° C. to 130 ° C., 1 MPa {1
0.2 kgf / cm 2 } to 20 MPa {102 kgf / cm 2 }
Preferably 5 MPa {51 kgf / cm 2 } to 10 MPa
They are joined by a hot pressing method in which a pressure of {102 kgf / cm 2 } is applied.
【００１８】集電極２０は、カーボンを圧縮して緻密化
しガス不透過とした緻密質カーボンにより形成されてい
る。集電極２０は、正方形の薄板状に形成されており、
各辺の縁付近には、辺に平行で細長い二対の貫通孔２
２，２４および３２，３４が形成されている。この二対
の貫通孔２２，２４および３２，３４は、積層体が形成
された際、積層体を積層方向に貫通する酸化ガス（空気
等の酸素を含有するガス）の給排用流路２２ａ，２４ａ
および燃料ガス（メタノール改質ガス等の水素を含有す
るガス）の給排用流路３２ａ，３４ａを形成する。集電
極２０のガス拡散電極１４と接触する面（図２の表示
面）の一対の貫通孔２２と２４との間には、一対の貫通
孔３２，３４の長手方向と平行に配置された複数のリブ
２６が形成されている。このリブ２６は、ガス拡散電極
１４とで酸化ガスの通路２８を形成する。また、集電極
２０のガス拡散電極１４と接触する面（図２の裏面）の
一対の貫通孔３２と３４との間には、一対の貫通孔２
２，２４の長手方向と平行（リブ２６と直交する方向）
に配置された複数のリブ３６が形成されている。このリ
ブ３６もリブ２６と同様に、ガス拡散電極１４とで燃料
ガスの通路３８を形成する。The collector electrode 20 is made of dense carbon which is made compact by compressing carbon and made gas impermeable. The collecting electrode 20 is formed in a square thin plate shape,
Near the edge of each side, two pairs of elongated through holes 2 parallel to the side are provided.
2, 24 and 32, 34 are formed. The two pairs of through holes 22, 24 and 32, 34 are for supplying and discharging the oxidizing gas (gas containing oxygen such as air) 22a that penetrates the stacked body in the stacking direction when the stacked body is formed. , 24a
Also, the supply / discharge channels 32a and 34a for the fuel gas (gas containing hydrogen such as methanol reformed gas) are formed. Between the pair of through holes 22 and 24 on the surface of the collector electrode 20 that contacts the gas diffusion electrode 14 (display surface in FIG. 2), a plurality of parallel holes arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the pair of through holes 32 and 34. Ribs 26 are formed. The rib 26 forms a passage 28 for the oxidizing gas together with the gas diffusion electrode 14. Further, between the pair of through holes 32 and 34 on the surface of the collector electrode 20 that contacts the gas diffusion electrode 14 (the back surface in FIG. 2), the pair of through holes 2
Parallel to the longitudinal direction of 2, 24 (direction orthogonal to rib 26)
A plurality of ribs 36 arranged in the are formed. Like the ribs 26, the ribs 36 also form a fuel gas passage 38 together with the gas diffusion electrode 14.
【００１９】エンドプレート５０は、樹脂により正方形
の板状に形成されており、４つの辺のうち隣接する２つ
の辺の縁付近の中央に円形の貫通孔５２，５４が形成さ
れている。図１中左側のエンドプレート５０の貫通孔５
２は積層体に形成される酸化ガスの給排用流路２２ａと
連絡しており、貫通孔５４は燃料ガスの給排用流路３２
ａと連絡している。図示しないが、図１中右側のエンド
プレート５０の貫通孔５２は、酸化ガスの給排用流路２
４ａと連絡しており、貫通孔５４は燃料ガスの給排用流
路３４ａと連絡している。The end plate 50 is formed of resin into a square plate shape, and circular through holes 52 and 54 are formed in the center near the edges of two adjacent sides of the four sides. Through hole 5 of end plate 50 on the left side in FIG.
2 communicates with the supply / discharge channel 22a for the oxidizing gas formed in the laminated body, and the through hole 54 defines the supply / discharge channel 32 for the fuel gas.
I am in contact with a. Although not shown, the through hole 52 of the right end plate 50 in FIG.
4a, and the through hole 54 communicates with the fuel gas supply / discharge passage 34a.
【００２０】被覆層６０は、絶縁性材料であるゴム（例
えば、ニトリルゴム，スチロールゴム，シリコーンゴ
ム，フッ素ゴム，ポリアクリレートゴム，エチレンプロ
ピレンゴム，ブチルゴム，ウレタンゴム等）により形成
されいる。被覆層６０は、電解質膜１２，ガス拡散電極
１４，集電極２０をシール部材４０と共に複数積層し、
両積層端にエンドプレート５０を取り付けた後に、積層
体１０の積層方向に沿った４つの側面にシート状のゴム
を接着固定することにより形成される。被覆層６０は、
図３に示すように、積層体１０の側面を完全に覆うよう
に形成される。The coating layer 60 is formed of rubber which is an insulating material (for example, nitrile rubber, styrene rubber, silicone rubber, fluororubber, polyacrylate rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, butyl rubber, urethane rubber, etc.). The coating layer 60 is formed by stacking a plurality of the electrolyte membrane 12, the gas diffusion electrode 14, and the collecting electrode 20 together with the sealing member 40,
After the end plates 50 are attached to both laminated ends, sheet-like rubber is adhered and fixed to the four side surfaces of the laminated body 10 along the laminating direction. The coating layer 60 is
As shown in FIG. 3, it is formed so as to completely cover the side surface of the laminated body 10.
【００２１】こうして構成された積層体１０の両積層端
に取り付けられたエンドプレート５０の貫通孔５２，５
４に、酸化ガスおよび燃料ガスを給排する図示しない酸
化ガス給排装置および燃料ガス給排装置を接続し、積層
体１０の酸化ガスの給排用流路２２ａ，２４ａの一方か
ら酸化ガスを供給すると共に燃料ガスの給排用流路３２
ａ，３４ａの一方から燃料ガスを供給すれば、酸化ガス
の通路２８および燃料ガスの通路３８を介して電解質膜
１２を挟んで対峙する２つのガス拡散電極１４にそれぞ
れ酸化ガスおよび燃料ガスが供給され、積層体１０は、
次式（１）および（２）に示す反応により、化学エネル
ギを直接電気エネルギに変換する。Through holes 52, 5 of the end plate 50 attached to both laminated ends of the laminated body 10 thus constructed.
4, an oxidizing gas supply / discharge device and a fuel gas supply / discharge device (not shown) for supplying / discharging the oxidizing gas and the fuel gas are connected, and the oxidizing gas is supplied from one of the oxidizing gas supply / discharge channels 22a, 24a of the laminate 10. Supply and discharge passage 32 of fuel gas
If the fuel gas is supplied from one of a and 34a, the oxidizing gas and the fuel gas are respectively supplied to the two gas diffusion electrodes 14 facing each other with the electrolyte membrane 12 interposed therebetween through the oxidizing gas passage 28 and the fuel gas passage 38. The laminated body 10 is
Chemical energy is directly converted into electric energy by the reactions shown in the following equations (1) and (2).
【００２２】 カソード反応（酸素極）：２Ｈ+＋２ｅ-＋（１／２）Ｏ2→Ｈ2Ｏ …（１） アノード反応（燃料極）：Ｈ2→２Ｈ+＋２ｅ- …（２）Cathode reaction (oxygen electrode): 2H + + 2e − + (1/2) O 2 → H 2 O (1) Anode reaction (fuel electrode): H 2 → 2H + + 2e − (2)
【００２３】以上説明した実施例の燃料電池によれば、
ゴムにより形成された被覆層６０により積層体１０内部
と外部とを遮断することができる。このため、積層体１
０に衝撃荷重が作用し、積層体１０の被覆層６０が形成
された側面に割れ等が生じても、酸化ガスまたは燃料ガ
スが、酸化ガスの給排用流路２２ａ，２４ａまたは燃料
ガスの給排用流路３２ａ，３４ａから漏れるの防止する
ことができる。また、被覆層６０を絶縁性材料により形
成したので、他の機器等との接触による短絡等の不都合
を防止することができ、燃料電池の取扱を容易にするこ
とができる。According to the fuel cell of the embodiment described above,
The inside and outside of the laminated body 10 can be shielded by the coating layer 60 formed of rubber. Therefore, the laminated body 1
Even if a shock load is applied to 0 and a crack or the like occurs on the side surface of the laminated body 10 on which the coating layer 60 is formed, the oxidizing gas or the fuel gas is not supplied with the oxidizing gas supply / discharge channels 22a, 24a or the fuel gas. It is possible to prevent leakage from the supply / discharge channels 32a and 34a. In addition, since the coating layer 60 is formed of an insulating material, it is possible to prevent inconveniences such as a short circuit due to contact with other devices and the like, and to facilitate handling of the fuel cell.
【００２４】実施例の燃料電池では、被覆層６０をゴム
により形成したが、樹脂（例えば、エポキシ系，アクリ
ルウレタン系，シリコン系等の樹脂）や、ゴムまたは樹
脂を主成分とした接着剤により形成する構成も好適であ
る。また、実施例の燃料電池では、被覆層６０を絶縁性
材料により形成したが、集電極２０の外周部を絶縁性材
料で形成した場合には、被覆層６０を導電性材料で形成
することも可能である。実施例の燃料電池では、被覆層
６０を積層体１０の側面にシート状のゴムを接着固定す
ることにより形成したが、ゴムまたは樹脂を主成分とす
る液状の高分子材料を塗布または吹き付け等により被膜
を形成し乾燥して被覆層６０とする構成も好適である。In the fuel cell of the embodiment, the coating layer 60 is formed of rubber, but it may be formed of resin (for example, epoxy, acrylic urethane, silicon, etc.) or rubber or resin-based adhesive. The formation structure is also suitable. Further, in the fuel cell of the embodiment, the covering layer 60 is formed of an insulating material, but when the outer peripheral portion of the collecting electrode 20 is formed of an insulating material, the covering layer 60 may be formed of a conductive material. It is possible. In the fuel cell of the embodiment, the coating layer 60 is formed by adhering and fixing a sheet-like rubber to the side surface of the laminate 10, but by applying or spraying a liquid polymer material containing rubber or resin as a main component. A configuration in which a coating film is formed and dried to form the coating layer 60 is also suitable.
【００２５】実施例の燃料電池では、積層体１０の４つ
の側面のすべてを覆うように被覆層６０を形成したが、
被覆層６０を、積層体１０の４つの側面の他エンドプレ
ート５０をも覆うように形成する構成も好適である。ま
た、積層体１０の２つの側面のみに被覆層６０を形成す
る構成でも差し支えない。この構成を図４および図５に
示す。図４は実施例の積層体１０の変形例である積層体
１１０の斜視図、図５は図４に示す積層体１１０の５−
５平面（集電極２０の積層面）における断面図である。
図４および図５に示すように、積層体１１０は、その側
面のうち集電極２０の貫通孔３２，３４の長手方向と平
行な２つの面にのみ被覆層１６０が形成されている。こ
の構成の燃料電池とすれば、積層体１１０に衝撃荷重が
作用し、積層体１１０の被覆層１６０を形成した側面に
割れ等が生じても、被覆層１６０が燃料ガスの給排用流
路３２ａ，３４ａと外部とを遮断するから、燃料ガスが
燃料ガスの給排用流路３２ａ，３４ａから漏れるの防止
することができる。In the fuel cell of the example, the coating layer 60 was formed so as to cover all four side surfaces of the laminated body 10.
A configuration in which the coating layer 60 is formed so as to cover not only the four side surfaces of the laminated body 10 but also the end plate 50 is also preferable. Further, the structure in which the coating layer 60 is formed only on two side surfaces of the laminated body 10 may be used. This configuration is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a laminated body 110 which is a modified example of the laminated body 10 of the embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the laminated body 110 shown in FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along plane 5 (a laminated surface of collector electrodes 20). FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the laminated body 110, the coating layer 160 is formed only on two surfaces of the side surfaces that are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the through holes 32 and 34 of the collector electrode 20. According to the fuel cell having this configuration, even if an impact load acts on the laminated body 110 and a side surface of the laminated body 110 on which the coating layer 160 is formed is cracked or the like, the coating layer 160 causes the fuel gas supply / discharge channel to flow. Since 32a and 34a are cut off from the outside, it is possible to prevent the fuel gas from leaking from the fuel gas supply / discharge channels 32a and 34a.
【００２６】実施例の燃料電池では、積層体１０の４つ
の側面を１枚のシート状のゴムで覆うようにして被覆層
６０を形成したが、複数のシート状のゴムにより２以上
に分離した被覆層６０としてもよい。例えば、図６に示
す積層体２１０のように、複数の単電池１１からなるモ
ジュール毎に被覆層２６０を形成し、このモジュールを
積層し、その積層端にエンドプレート５０を取り付けて
積層体２１０としてもよい。この場合モジュールを構成
する単電池１１の数は幾つであってもかまわない。In the fuel cell of the example, the covering layer 60 was formed by covering the four side surfaces of the laminated body 10 with one sheet of rubber, but it was separated into two or more by a plurality of sheet of rubber. The coating layer 60 may be used. For example, as a laminated body 210 shown in FIG. 6, a coating layer 260 is formed for each module composed of a plurality of unit cells 11, the modules are laminated, and end plates 50 are attached to the laminated ends to form a laminated body 210. Good. In this case, the number of the unit cells 11 forming the module may be any number.
【００２７】次に本発明の第２の実施例である燃料電池
について説明する。図７は、第２実施例の燃料電池を構
成する積層体の断面（集電極２０の積層面における断
面）を示す断面図である。第２実施例の燃料電池は、被
覆層６０の形成箇所を除いて第１実施例の燃料電池と同
一の構成をしている。したがって、第２実施例の燃料電
池の構成のうち、第１実施例の燃料電池と同一の構成に
ついては同一の符号を付し、その説明は省略する。Next, a fuel cell which is a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-section (cross-section at the stacking surface of the collector electrode 20) of the stack that constitutes the fuel cell of the second embodiment. The fuel cell of the second embodiment has the same configuration as that of the fuel cell of the first embodiment except for the location where the coating layer 60 is formed. Therefore, in the structure of the fuel cell of the second embodiment, the same structures as those of the fuel cell of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
【００２８】図示するように、第２実施例の燃料電池で
は、集電極２０の貫通孔２２，２４，３２，３４の内周
面のうち集電極２０の縁側の面に第１実施例の被覆層６
０と同一の材料により形成された被覆層３６０を備え
る。被覆層３６０は、電解質膜１２，ガス拡散電極１
４，集電極２０およびシール部材４０を積層し、その両
積層端にエンドプレート５０を取り付ける前に、集電極
２０の貫通孔２２，２４，３２，３４が形成する酸化ガ
スの給排用流路２２ａ，２４ａおよび燃料ガスの給排用
流路３２ａ，３４ａの内側に管付きのノズルを挿入し、
ノズルから液状のゴムを吹き付けて給排用流路２２ａ，
２４ａ，３２ａ，３４ａの内側に液状のゴムによる被膜
を形成し、これを乾燥して形成される。As shown in the figure, in the fuel cell of the second embodiment, of the inner peripheral surfaces of the through holes 22, 24, 32, 34 of the collector electrode 20, the surface on the edge side of the collector electrode 20 is covered with the coating of the first embodiment. Layer 6
The coating layer 360 is made of the same material as that of 0. The coating layer 360 includes the electrolyte membrane 12 and the gas diffusion electrode 1
4, the collecting electrode 20 and the sealing member 40 are laminated, and before the end plates 50 are attached to both laminated ends thereof, the oxidizing gas supply / discharge passages formed by the through holes 22, 24, 32, 34 of the collecting electrode 20. 22a, 24a and fuel gas supply / discharge passages 32a, 34a inside the nozzle with a tube,
Liquid rubber is sprayed from the nozzle to supply and discharge the flow path 22a,
It is formed by forming a film of liquid rubber on the inside of 24a, 32a, 34a and drying it.
【００２９】以上説明した第２実施例の燃料電池によれ
ば、酸化ガスの給排用流路２２ａ，２４ａおよび燃料ガ
スの給排用流路３２ａ，３４ａの内側のうち集電極２０
の縁側に被覆層３６０を形成することにより、積層体に
衝撃荷重が作用し、積層体を構成する集電極２０の縁部
等に割れ等が生じても、酸化ガスまたは燃料ガスが酸化
ガスの給排用流路２２ａ，２４ａおよび燃料ガスの給排
用流路３２ａ，３４ａから漏れるの防止することができ
る。また、被覆層３６０を絶縁性材料で形成したので、
被覆層３６０による単電池間の短絡を生じることがな
い。したがって、集電極２０の貫通孔２２，２４，３
２，３４の形成部を如何なる材料で形成してもよく、設
計の自由度を高めることができる。According to the fuel cell of the second embodiment described above, the collector electrode 20 is provided inside the oxidizing gas supply / discharge channels 22a, 24a and the fuel gas supply / discharge channels 32a, 34a.
By forming the coating layer 360 on the edge side of the laminated body, even if an impact load acts on the laminated body and a crack or the like occurs at the edge portion of the collector electrode 20 forming the laminated body, the oxidizing gas or the fuel gas is not converted to the oxidizing gas. It is possible to prevent leakage from the supply / discharge channels 22a, 24a and the fuel gas supply / discharge channels 32a, 34a. Moreover, since the coating layer 360 is formed of an insulating material,
A short circuit between the cells due to the coating layer 360 does not occur. Therefore, the through holes 22, 24, 3 of the collector electrode 20
The formation portions of 2, 34 may be formed of any material, and the degree of freedom in design can be increased.
【００３０】第２実施例の燃料電池では、酸化ガスの給
排用流路２２ａ，２４ａおよび燃料ガスの給排用流路３
２ａ，３４ａに被覆層３６０を形成したが、酸化ガスと
して空気を用いる場合等では燃料ガスの給排用流路３２
ａ，３４ａにのみ被覆層３６０を形成する構成としても
よい。この構成とすれば、第２実施例の燃料電池に比し
て被覆層３６０を形成する手間が少なくなり製造工程を
簡略化することができる。また、第２実施例の燃料電池
では、集電極２０等を積層した後に管付きノズルを挿入
して液状のゴムを吹き付けて被覆層３６０を形成した
が、複数の単電池により構成されるモジュール毎に被覆
層３６０を形成し、このモジュールを積層して積層体を
形成する構成してもよい。In the fuel cell of the second embodiment, the oxidizing gas supply / discharge channels 22a and 24a and the fuel gas supply / discharge channel 3 are provided.
Although the coating layer 360 is formed on 2a and 34a, when air is used as the oxidizing gas, the fuel gas supply / discharge channel 32 is used.
The coating layer 360 may be formed only on a and 34a. With this configuration, compared to the fuel cell of the second embodiment, the labor for forming the coating layer 360 is reduced and the manufacturing process can be simplified. Further, in the fuel cell of the second embodiment, after the collecting electrode 20 and the like are stacked, the tube nozzle is inserted and the liquid rubber is sprayed to form the coating layer 360. The coating layer 360 may be formed on the substrate, and the modules may be laminated to form a laminated body.
【００３１】以上本発明の実施例について説明したが、
本発明はこうした実施例に何等限定されるものではな
く、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において、種々な
る態様で実施し得ることは勿論である。The embodiment of the present invention has been described above.
The present invention is not limited to these examples, and it goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented in various modes without departing from the scope of the present invention.
【００３２】[0032]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明の第１の燃料
電池によれば、積層体の側面の少なくとも一部を複数の
単電池に亘って被覆する弾性体からなる被覆層が積層体
と外部とを遮断するので、積層体に衝撃等により割れ等
が生じても、この割れ等から燃料が外部に漏れるのを防
止することができる。As described above, according to the first fuel cell of the present invention, the cover layer made of the elastic body that covers at least a part of the side surface of the stack over a plurality of unit cells forms a stack. Since it is cut off from the outside, even if a crack or the like occurs in the laminate due to impact or the like, it is possible to prevent the fuel from leaking to the outside from the crack or the like.
【００３３】本発明の第１の燃料電池において、被覆層
を絶縁性材料とすれば、被覆層による単電池間の短絡を
防止することができる。したがって、積層体の外周面を
形成する部材は、如何なる材質によって形成してもよ
く、設計の自由度を高めることができる。また、移動車
両へ搭載する場合等に、他の機器と容易に絶縁すること
ができる。In the first fuel cell of the present invention, if the coating layer is made of an insulating material, a short circuit between the unit cells due to the coating layer can be prevented. Therefore, the member forming the outer peripheral surface of the laminated body may be formed of any material, and the degree of freedom in design can be increased. Further, when mounted on a moving vehicle, it can be easily insulated from other devices.
【００３４】本発明の第２の燃料電池によれば、燃料の
流路の形成面の少なくとも一部を被覆する弾性体からな
る被覆層が燃料の流路内と外部とを遮断するので、燃料
の流路の形成面に衝撃等により割れ等が生じても、燃料
の流路の形成面に生じた割れ等から燃料が外部に漏れる
のを防止することができる。According to the second fuel cell of the present invention, since the coating layer made of an elastic material that covers at least a part of the surface where the fuel flow passage is formed blocks the inside and the outside of the fuel flow passage. Even if a crack or the like is generated on the flow path forming surface due to an impact or the like, it is possible to prevent the fuel from leaking to the outside from the crack or the like generated on the fuel flow path forming surface.
【００３５】本発明の第２の燃料電池において、被覆層
を絶縁性材料とすれば、被覆層による部材間の短絡を防
止することができる。したがって、燃料の流路を形成す
る部材は、如何なる材質によって形成してもよく、設計
の自由度を高めることができる。In the second fuel cell of the present invention, if the coating layer is made of an insulating material, a short circuit between members due to the coating layer can be prevented. Therefore, the member forming the fuel flow path may be made of any material, and the degree of freedom in design can be increased.
【図１】本発明の好適な一実施例である燃料電池を構成
する積層体１０の構成の概略を示す説明図。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a laminated body 10 that constitutes a fuel cell that is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】積層体１０を構成する単電池１１の構成を例示
する分解斜視図。FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the configuration of a unit cell 11 that constitutes the laminated body 10.
【図３】図１に示す積層体１０の３−３平面の断面図。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of the laminate 10 shown in FIG.
【図４】実施例の積層体１０の変形例である積層体１１
０の斜視図。FIG. 4 is a laminated body 11 which is a modified example of the laminated body 10 of the embodiment.
FIG.
【図５】図４に示す積層体１１０の５−５平面の断面
図。5 is a cross-sectional view taken along plane 5-5 of the laminated body 110 shown in FIG.
【図６】実施例の積層体１０の変形例である積層体２１
０の斜視図。FIG. 6 is a laminated body 21 which is a modified example of the laminated body 10 of the embodiment.
FIG.
【図７】第２実施例の燃料電池の積層体の断面図。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel cell stack of a second embodiment.
１０…積層体 １１…単電池 １２…電解質膜 １４…ガス拡散電極 ２０…集電極 ２２，２４，３２，３４…貫通孔 ２２ａ，２４ａ…酸化ガスの給排用流路 ２６…リブ ２８…通路 ３２ａ，３４ａ…燃料ガスの給排用流路 ３６…リブ ３８…通路 ４０…シール部材 ５０…エンドプレート ５２，５４…貫通孔 ６０…被覆層 １１０…積層体 １６０…被覆層 ２１０…積層体 ２６０…被覆層 ３６０…被覆層 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Laminated body 11 ... Single cell 12 ... Electrolyte membrane 14 ... Gas diffusion electrode 20 ... Collection electrode 22, 24, 32, 34 ... Through hole 22a, 24a ... Oxidizing gas supply / discharge flow path 26 ... Rib 28 ... Passage 32a , 34a ... Flow path for supplying / discharging fuel gas 36 ... Rib 38 ... Passage 40 ... Seal member 50 ... End plate 52, 54 ... Through hole 60 ... Coating layer 110 ... Laminated body 160 ... Coating layer 210 ... Laminated body 260 ... Coating Layer 360 ... coating layer
Claims (3)
積層してなり内部に燃料の流路が形成された積層体を備
える燃料電池であって、 前記積層体は、該積層体の側面の少なくとも一部を複数
の単電池に亘って被覆する弾性体からなる被覆層を備え
てなる燃料電池。1. A fuel cell comprising a laminated body in which a plurality of unit cells each comprising an electrolyte layer and an electrode are laminated and a fuel passage is formed therein, wherein the laminated body is a side surface of the laminated body. A fuel cell comprising a coating layer made of an elastic material that covers at least a part of the plurality of cells over a plurality of unit cells.
部に燃料の流路が形成された積層体を備える燃料電池で
あって、 前記積層体は、前記燃料の流路の形成面の少なくとも一
部を被覆する弾性体からなる被覆層を備えてなる燃料電
池。2. A fuel cell comprising a laminate having a plurality of electrolyte layers and electrodes laminated therein and having a fuel flow passage formed therein, wherein the laminate has a surface on which the fuel flow passage is formed. A fuel cell comprising a coating layer made of an elastic material that covers at least a part.
れてなる請求項１または請求項２記載の燃料電池。3. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the coating layer is made of an insulating material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33184294A JP3878679B2 (en) | 1994-12-08 | 1994-12-08 | Fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33184294A JP3878679B2 (en) | 1994-12-08 | 1994-12-08 | Fuel cell |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006258876A Division JP4548397B2 (en) | 2006-09-25 | 2006-09-25 | Fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08162143A true JPH08162143A (en) | 1996-06-21 |
| JP3878679B2 JP3878679B2 (en) | 2007-02-07 |
Family
ID=18248267
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33184294A Expired - Lifetime JP3878679B2 (en) | 1994-12-08 | 1994-12-08 | Fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3878679B2 (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO1999063610A1 (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 1999-12-09 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Polymer electrolyte fuel cell and method of manufacture thereof |
| EP0951086A3 (en) * | 1998-04-17 | 2001-10-17 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell and method for producing the same |
| US6653008B1 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 2003-11-25 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell apparatus |
| US6803142B2 (en) | 2001-06-06 | 2004-10-12 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell |
| JP2005507149A (en) * | 2001-10-22 | 2005-03-10 | プロトネクス テクノロジー コーポレーション | One-shot production of membrane-based electrochemical cell stacks |
| JP2006040752A (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-09 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Vehicle-mounted fuel cell |
| CN1316666C (en) * | 2002-10-04 | 2007-05-16 | 燃料电池能有限公司 | Flexible fuel cell gas manifold system |
| KR100814527B1 (en) * | 2006-09-13 | 2008-03-17 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Fuel cell stack with improved fastening structure |
| JP2008159546A (en) * | 2006-12-26 | 2008-07-10 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell stack |
| KR100862590B1 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2008-10-09 | 한국기계연구원 | Direct methanol fuel cell |
| WO2008139988A1 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-11-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell-equipped vehicle |
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Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP0951086A3 (en) * | 1998-04-17 | 2001-10-17 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell and method for producing the same |
| US6372373B1 (en) | 1998-04-17 | 2002-04-16 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell and method for producing the same |
| EP2270912A3 (en) * | 1998-04-17 | 2011-03-02 | Panasonic Corporation | Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell and method for producing the same |
| EP1484813A3 (en) * | 1998-04-17 | 2008-10-08 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell and method for producing the same |
| US6869719B2 (en) | 1998-06-02 | 2005-03-22 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack |
| US6531236B1 (en) | 1998-06-02 | 2003-03-11 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack |
| WO1999063610A1 (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 1999-12-09 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Polymer electrolyte fuel cell and method of manufacture thereof |
| DE10049801B4 (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2006-04-06 | Toyota Jidosha K.K., Toyota | fuel cell device |
| US6653008B1 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 2003-11-25 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell apparatus |
| US6803142B2 (en) | 2001-06-06 | 2004-10-12 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell |
| USRE42720E1 (en) | 2001-06-06 | 2011-09-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell mounting structure |
| JP2005507149A (en) * | 2001-10-22 | 2005-03-10 | プロトネクス テクノロジー コーポレーション | One-shot production of membrane-based electrochemical cell stacks |
| CN1316666C (en) * | 2002-10-04 | 2007-05-16 | 燃料电池能有限公司 | Flexible fuel cell gas manifold system |
| JP2006040752A (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-09 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Vehicle-mounted fuel cell |
| KR100814527B1 (en) * | 2006-09-13 | 2008-03-17 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Fuel cell stack with improved fastening structure |
| JP2008159546A (en) * | 2006-12-26 | 2008-07-10 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell stack |
| KR100862590B1 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2008-10-09 | 한국기계연구원 | Direct methanol fuel cell |
| WO2008139988A1 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-11-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell-equipped vehicle |
| US8318372B2 (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2012-11-27 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell stack and vehicle equipped with fuel cell system |
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