JPH081629A - Dry molding method for tile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simultaneously form a hole, in the case of forming the hole at the rear surface of a tile, upon molding of the tile and to form the state of the hole in an undercut state having an enlarged-diameter part at its innermost side. CONSTITUTION:When raw material powder of a tile is charged in a molding space surrounded by a lower mold and an upper mold to be molded in a predetermined tile shape by moving down the upper mold, a pin 32 protrudes from the molding surface of the lower mold, the powder is pressurized to the end of the pin 32 in the state that an elastic element 52 of an inner hollow state, and hence a hole of an undercut state is formed at the rear surface of the tile simultaneously upon molding of the tile.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dry molding method for tiles, and more particularly, to a dry molding method for tiles in which recesses such as holes are formed at the same time as molding.

[0002]

As a method of attaching tiles, a hole is formed on the back surface of the tile and a fixing metal fitting is inserted and fixed there, and the metal fitting is attached to the surface to be constructed with a mounting metal fitting. Conventionally known is a dry method in which a tile is attached by fixing.

Alternatively, the back surface of the tile is fixed to the work surface with mortar or the like, and at that time, one end of the wire or the like is locked to the metal fitting inserted and fixed in the hole and the other end is used as a fastener such as a screw. And fix it to the construction surface such as concrete frame,
Therefore, it has been conventionally performed to prevent the tiles from coming off.

By the way, in this construction method, the holes formed on the back surface of the tile are perpendicular to the back surface of the tile and straight, that is, the inner peripheral surface of the hole around its axis is perpendicular to the back surface of the tile and straight. It is a hole, and therefore, when the metal fitting is inserted and fixed in the hole, there is a problem that it is difficult to sufficiently increase the fixing force of the metal fitting in the hole.

In this case, the shape of the hole is a hole having a shape widened in the inner portion, that is, a hole having a diameter-expanded portion on the inner side (hereinafter referred to as an undercut hole). It is desirable that the distal end of the inserted metal fitting is engaged with the expanded diameter portion so that the metal fitting can be reliably prevented from coming off. However, in this case, how to form such an undercut hole becomes a problem.

[0006]

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances. Thus, the invention of the present application is to fill the raw material powder of the tile into the molding space surrounded by the lower mold and the frame mold, and when the raw material powder is molded into a predetermined tile shape by descending the upper mold, The raw material powder is pressed in a state in which a projecting portion that projects on the molding surface of the lower mold is provided and an elastic body having an internal hollow shape is attached to the tip of the projecting portion,
Thus, at the same time when the tile is formed, a recess having a shape having an enlarged diameter portion on the inner side is formed on the back surface of the tile (claim 1).

Another invention of the present application is the molding method according to claim 1, wherein the raw material powder is pressure-molded while a predetermined air pressure is supplied to the hollow inside of the elastic body ( Claim 2).

According to still another aspect of the present invention, in the molding method according to claim 1 or 2, the member provided integrally with the frame die and moving integrally with the frame die is provided with the projecting portion. The protrusion and the elastic body are protruded from the through hole formed in the lower mold onto the molding surface of the lower mold and before the tile is removed from the frame mold when the molded tile is released from the mold. The protrusion height of the tile is determined so as to pass through the concave portion of the tile (claim 3).

[0009]

When the tile is molded according to the invention of claim 1, the recesses are formed on the back surface of the tile at the same time when the tile is molded by the protrusions such as pins protruding on the molding surface of the lower mold. Thus, the concave portion becomes a concave portion that widens in the inner portion because the elastic body at the tip of the protruding portion is elastically deformed by the applied pressure when the pressure is applied. That is, according to the present invention,
At the same time when the tile is formed, it is possible to form a recess such as an undercut-shaped hole having an enlarged diameter portion on the inner side.

Even when a solid elastic body is attached to the tip of the protruding portion, it is possible to form a concave portion having a diameter-expanded portion on the inner side. However, in this case, since the elastic deformation amount of the elastic body is small, it is not possible to obtain a concave portion having a sufficiently deep inner portion.

In the present invention, however, since the elastic body has an internal hollow structure, the elastic body undergoes a large elastic deformation when being pressed, which results in a deep undercut hole or other recess having a sufficiently wide inner portion. Obtainable. Therefore, when an undercut-shaped hole is formed on the back surface of the tile as such a recess and the metal fitting is inserted and fixed therein, the pulling force of the metal fitting can be made sufficiently large. It can be surely prevented from falling off.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the raw material powder is pressure-molded in a state where a predetermined air pressure is supplied to the hollow inside of the elastic body. According to the present invention, the elastic body is controlled by controlling the air pressure. The advantage of being able to control the amount of deformation, that is, the degree of expansion of the expanded diameter portion is obtained.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the protruding portion is provided so as to move integrally with the frame die, and when the molded tile is released from the die,
The protrusion and the elastic body are extracted from the concave portion of the tile before the tile is separated from the frame mold.

If the tile separates from the frame mold while the protrusion and the elastic body are in the recess formed in the tile, the tile may be cracked or chipped due to the expansion of the mold at that time. However, in the present invention, since the tiles are separated from the frame mold after the protrusions and the elastic bodies are first removed from the recesses,
Such a problem does not occur.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 4, 10 is a flat tile, and holes 12 for inserting and fixing metal fittings are formed at a plurality of positions on the back surface. The hole 12 is a stop hole, and is a straight portion 14 following the opening, that is, a straight portion 14 whose inner circumferential surface extends straight in a direction parallel to the axis of the hole whose right angle is the rear surface of the tile, and a widened shape on the inner side. And an enlarged diameter portion 16 thereof.

FIG. 2 shows the structure of an apparatus used for carrying out the method for molding the tile 10. In the figure, 18 is an upper mold, 20 is a frame mold having an opening 22, and 24 is a lower mold that is fitted into the opening 22 of the frame mold 20 and forms a molding space for the tile 10 together with the inner surface of the opening 22.

A stopper block 26, which abuts on the upper surface of the frame die 20, is fixed downward to the upper die 18. The lower end of the stopper block 26 is located above the lower surface of the upper mold 18, that is, above the molding surface by a predetermined distance (d in the figure).

A plurality of (two in this example) support bars 28 are fixedly provided on the frame mold 20 so as to cross the lower end opening thereof. The support bar 28 is fixed to the frame die 20 by a bolt 30 which is inserted from the lower side thereof and screwed into the frame die 20, and is vertically moved integrally with the frame die 20.

A plurality of (in this example, two) pins 32 project from the upper surface of the support bar 28, and these pins 32 pass through the through holes 34 of the lower mold 24 and on the molding surface 36 of the lower mold 24. It is designed to stick out.

The lower portion of the through hole 34 is a large diameter portion, and the large diameter portion 40 on the lower side of the pin 32 is fitted into the large diameter portion 38. Each pin 32 is inserted through the support bar 28 from the lower side and has a large diameter portion 40 of the pin 32.
It is fixed to each support bar 28 by bolts 42 screwed in.

The lower mold 24 is supported on a base 48 via supports 44 and 46. A predetermined gap 50 is formed between the supports 44 and 46.
The support bar 28 is positioned within 0 so as to be vertically movable.

As shown in FIG. 1, a rubber elastic body 52 is attached to the tip of each pin 32. Rubber elastic body 5
2 has the same thickness as the pin 32, and in this example, the upper surface is a flat surface (may be another form surface). The rubber elastic body 52 also has an internal hollow structure. The hollow portion is composed of a horizontal hole 54 and a vertical hole 56 communicating with the horizontal hole 54, and the vertical hole 56 communicates with an air pressure supply hole 58 formed in the pin 32.

The air pressure supply hole 58 is also connected to an air pressure supply source 62 through a pipe line 60, and further, the pipe line 60.
An opening / closing valve 64 and a relief valve 66 are provided on the top. In this example, the relief valve 66 is designed to maintain the air pressure in the conduit 60 at 1 kgf / cm ² .

Next, the procedure for forming the tile 10 using this apparatus and simultaneously forming the undercut holes 12 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. As shown in (I), the lower mold 24 is fitted into the opening 22 of the frame mold 20, and the upper mold 18 is opened (raised) and is formed by the lower mold 24 and the frame mold 20. The raw material powder 66 for the tile is filled in the molding space. At this time, each pin 32 is
The molding surface 36 of No. 4 is projected to a predetermined height.

Next, the upper die 18 is lowered as shown in (II). At this time, when the molding surface of the upper mold 18 is partially fitted into the molding space, the stopper block 26 abuts on the upper surface of the frame mold 20 and transmits the pressing force to the frame mold 20. As a result, both the upper mold 18 and the frame mold 20 descend, and the raw material powder 66 filled in the molding space is pressurized. The raw material powder 66 is press-formed to have a predetermined tile thickness when they descend to a predetermined fixed position.

At this time, holes 12 are formed in the back surface of the tile 10. Specifically, the straight portion 14 is formed by the pin 32, and the expanded diameter portion 16 is formed by elastic deformation of the rubber elastic body 52 due to the pressing force. At this time, the rubber elastic body 52 can be largely elastically deformed, so that the deep undercut-shaped hole 12 is formed on the back surface of the tile 10.

Next, the frame die 20 is further lowered with the upper die 18 fixed (III). At this time, first the pin 32
And the rubber elastic body 52 slips out of the hole 12 of the tile 10 (thus the protruding heights of the pin 32 and the rubber elastic body 52 are predetermined), and then the tile 10 is moved to the frame mold 20.
Leave (IV).

That is, each pin 32 and the rubber elastic body 52 are pulled out from the hole 12 of the tile 10 before the tile 10 is detached from the frame mold 20 and is demolded and expanded. By existence and tile 10
The demolding of the tile prevents the tile 10 from cracking or chipping.

As described above, according to this example, the undercut-shaped hole 12 can be formed on the back surface of the tile at the same time as the tile is formed by the same procedure as the normal tile forming, and the diameter expansion degree of the diameter expansion portion 16 can be increased. High or deep undercut holes can be formed.

In this example, the rubber elastic body 52 mounted on the tip of the pin 32 has an internal hollow structure, and tile molding is performed with air pressure supplied to the hollow inside. At this time, the deformation amount of the rubber elastic body 52 can be easily controlled to an appropriate deformation amount by controlling the air pressure, and therefore the shape of the expanded diameter portion 16 in the hole 12 can be easily made into a desired shape. There is an advantage that can be.

The shape of the rubber elastic body may be a rubber elastic body 69 having a substantially hemispherical recess 68 therein as shown in FIG. 1B, or may be another shape. It can be done appropriately.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, it is possible to fix a plate 80 such as an iron plate on the upper side of the rubber elastic body 78 having a hollow inside. In this case, the shape of the hole is shown in FIG. 7 (B).
The hole 82 has the shape shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention in which a recess of another form is formed on the back surface of the tile 70 (see FIG. 5), that is, dovetail grooves 72 extending parallel to each other along the back surface of the tile 70. This is an example.

As shown in FIG. 6, in this embodiment, a plurality of ridges 74 are provided on the supporting bar 28 in parallel with each other, and the cross-sectional structure of the ridges 74 of FIG. A rubber elastic body 76, which is similar to the bodies 52 and 69, is fixed along the tip surface of each protrusion 74. The other structure is similar to that of the above-mentioned embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the case of the method of this embodiment, the tile 70 is formed by the same procedure as in the above embodiment, and at the same time, a plurality of dovetail grooves 72 extending in parallel with each other and having a diameter-expanded portion on the inner side of the cross section are simultaneously formed on the back surface thereof. Molded. Moreover, each dovetail groove 72 becomes a dovetail groove with a high degree of diameter expansion of the diameter expansion portion, and a strong adhesive force is obtained when the tile 70 is wet-bonded with mortar or the like.

In this example, as shown in (III) and (IV) of FIG. 6, before each tile 70 is separated from the frame mold 20, each ridge 74 (including the rubber elastic body 76) is attached to the tile 70.
It is similar to the above embodiment in that it comes out of the dovetail groove 72 of
Therefore, the tile 70 is prevented from being cracked or chipped due to the presence of the protrusions 74 and the rubber elastic body 76 at the time of demolding.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, this is merely an example. For example, the present invention can be applied when forming recesses having various planar shapes on the back surface of the tile, and the position where the recesses are formed is not limited to the position exemplified above. Further, when the rubber elastic body mounted on the tip of the protruding portion has an internal hollow structure, it is possible to enclose air pressure in the hollow interior, and the present invention is variously modified without departing from the spirit of the invention. Can be implemented in a mode in which is added.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a main part of a dry molding method of a tile which is an embodiment method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the example together with its operation.

FIG. 3 is a process explanatory view of the method according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of tiles obtained by the method of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of tiles obtained by a method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a process drawing of another embodiment method of the present invention for forming the tile shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a main part of an apparatus used in another embodiment of the present invention and a main part of a hole to be obtained.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10,70 Tile 12,82 Hole 18 Upper mold 20 Frame mold 24 Lower mold 28 Support bar 32 Pin 36 Molding surface 52,69,76,78 Elastic body 66 Raw material powder 72 Dovetail groove 74 Protrusion

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Suzuki, 1-5 Koi Ehoncho, Tokoname City, Aichi Prefecture Inax Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Nishio Iwao 5-1 Koioehoncho, Tokoname City, Aichi Stock Company Inax (72) Inventor Masahiko Ina 51 Shiidaguchi, Tokoname-shi, Aichi Japan Mosaic Tile Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. When a raw material powder for a tile is filled in a molding space surrounded by a lower mold and a frame mold, and the raw material powder is molded into a predetermined tile shape by descending the upper mold, The raw material powder is pressed in a state in which a projecting portion projecting on the molding surface is provided and an elastic body having an internal hollow shape is attached to the tip of the projecting portion, so that at the same time as tile molding, there is an enlarged diameter portion on the inner side. A method of dry-molding a tile, characterized in that a concave portion having a shape is formed on the back surface of the tile. 2. The dry molding method for a tile according to claim 1, wherein the raw material powder is pressure-molded while a predetermined air pressure is supplied to the hollow inside of the elastic body. 3. The molding method according to claim 1, wherein the member provided integrally with the frame die so as to traverse a lower end opening of the frame die is provided with the protrusion, and the protrusion is provided on the lower die. Through the through hole formed in the lower mold, and before the tile comes out of the frame mold when the molded tile is released from the mold, the protrusion and the elastic body are separated from the recess of the tile. A method of dry-molding a tile, characterized in that its protruding height is determined so that it can come off.