JPH0817621A - Superconducting current lead - Google Patents
Superconducting current leadInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0817621A JPH0817621A JP7115291A JP11529195A JPH0817621A JP H0817621 A JPH0817621 A JP H0817621A JP 7115291 A JP7115291 A JP 7115291A JP 11529195 A JP11529195 A JP 11529195A JP H0817621 A JPH0817621 A JP H0817621A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- current
- current lead
- lead
- current path
- superconducting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、液体ヘリウムあるいは
冷凍機で冷却して使用する超電導機器に使用される電流
リードに関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a current lead used in superconducting equipment which is cooled by liquid helium or a refrigerator.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】現在、ほとんどすべての超電導機器は液
体ヘリウム温度（４．２Ｋ）近くにまで冷却され使用さ
れている。これらの機器の大きな問題点の１つに室温か
らの熱侵入が挙げられる。熱は様々な部分から侵入して
くるが、とりわけ超電導機器に電流を供給する導線から
の熱侵入が最も大きい。電流リードは、電流を供給する
ための断面積（電流容量）を確保しながら、液体ヘリウ
ムからのガス潜熱を利用できるよう形状最適化するなど
の工夫がなされている導体である。2. Description of the Related Art At present, almost all superconducting devices are cooled to a liquid helium temperature (4.2K) and used. One of the major problems with these devices is heat penetration from room temperature. Heat enters from various parts, but the heat is most intruded from the lead wire that supplies current to the superconducting device. The current lead is a conductor that has been devised so as to optimize the shape so that the latent heat of gas from liquid helium can be used while ensuring a cross-sectional area (current capacity) for supplying current.
【０００３】これまで利用されている電流リードは主と
して銅が用いられてきたが、最近これを酸化物超電導材
料で置き換える試みがなされている。酸化物超電導材料
の中には、ＹＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 系、Ｂｉ2 Ｓｒ2 Ｃａ2
Ｃｕ3 Ｏ10系、Ｔｌ2 Ｂａ2Ｃａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏ10あるい
は、Ｈｇ2 Ｓｒ2 Ｃａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏ8 系等、臨界温度が液
体窒素温度（７７Ｋ）を超えるものが発見され、液体窒
素温度から液体ヘリウム温度の空間にこれらを利用する
ものである。電流リードが酸化物超電導体に置きかわる
ことは次の２つの利点がある。１つは超電導状態では電
気抵抗がゼロであるためにジュール熱が生じないことで
あり、もう１つは銅に比較して熱伝導率が低いことにあ
る。The current lead used so far has mainly been made of copper, but recently, attempts have been made to replace it with an oxide superconducting material. Among oxide superconducting materials, YBa 2 Cu 3 O x system, Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 2
It was discovered that the critical temperature exceeds the liquid nitrogen temperature (77K), such as Cu 3 O 10 series, Tl 2 Ba 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O 10 or Hg 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O 8 series, and the liquid nitrogen temperature. It is intended to utilize these in the space of liquid helium temperature. Replacing the current leads with oxide superconductors has two advantages. One is that Joule heat does not occur in the superconducting state because the electric resistance is zero, and the other is that the thermal conductivity is lower than that of copper.
【０００４】以上のように酸化物超電導体は電流リード
としては極めて有望な材料であるが、この材料として用
いられるためには、ある一定以上の臨界電流密度および
長さが必要である。特に、超電導電流リードは電流リー
ド自体からのジュール熱がないために、熱侵入の観点か
ら温度勾配の方向に対して電流経路は長いほうが有利に
なる。焼結法で作製されたＢｉ2 Ｓｒ2 Ｃａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏ
10系材料は長い形状の材料が比較的容易に製造できるた
め、冷凍機で動作する超電導マグネットに利用されつつ
ある。しかしながら、焼結体であることとピンニング力
があまり大きくないＢｉ系材料を用いていることから、
導体断面積を大きくとらざるを得ず、また強磁場では臨
界電流密度が著しく劣化することから、コンパクトな電
流リードの母体となる材料として適さない。As described above, oxide superconductors are extremely promising materials for current leads, but in order to be used as this material, a certain critical current density and length are required. In particular, since the superconducting current lead has no Joule heat from the current lead itself, it is advantageous that the current path is long in the direction of the temperature gradient from the viewpoint of heat penetration. Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O produced by the sintering method
The 10 series materials are being used for superconducting magnets that operate in refrigerators, because long materials can be manufactured relatively easily. However, since it is a sintered body and uses a Bi-based material that does not have a large pinning force,
Since the conductor cross-section is inevitably large and the critical current density is significantly deteriorated in a strong magnetic field, it is not suitable as a base material for a compact current lead.
【０００５】臨界電流密度やその磁場中における特性を
考えた場合、ＹＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 系超電導材料は優れた
特性を有する。Ｙの位置は他のＬａ，Ｃｅ，Ｐｒ，Ｎ
ｄ，Ｐｍ，Ｓｍ，Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ，Ｔｂ，Ｄｙ，Ｈｏ，Ｅ
ｒ，Ｔｍ，Ｙｂ，Ｌｕからなる群から選ばれた１種以上
の元素で置換してもよく、以下ＲＥＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx と
表記する。ただし、この材料系の場合、結晶粒界が著し
く臨界電流密度を低下させるため、結晶粒が高度に配向
している必要がある。現在の技術では、配向したＲＥＢ
ａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx を製造する方法として、格子定数の近い
基板上に成膜させる方法と溶融法が挙げられる。しか
し、前者の場合、気相法を用いるため成膜速度の問題か
ら断面積の大きな材料の作製が難しく、臨界電流密度は
大きくとれても、電流リードに不可欠な臨界電流が大き
くとれない欠点がある。Considering the critical current density and its characteristics in a magnetic field, the YBa 2 Cu 3 O x type superconducting material has excellent characteristics. The position of Y is other La, Ce, Pr, N
d, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, E
It may be substituted with one or more elements selected from the group consisting of r, Tm, Yb, and Lu, and will be referred to as REBa 2 Cu 3 O x below. However, in the case of this material system, the crystal grain boundaries significantly reduce the critical current density, and therefore the crystal grains must be highly oriented. With current technology, oriented REB
As a method for producing a 2 Cu 3 O x, there are a method of forming a film on a substrate having a close lattice constant and a melting method. However, in the former case, since the vapor phase method is used, it is difficult to produce a material having a large cross-sectional area due to the problem of film formation rate, and even if the critical current density is large, there is a drawback that the critical current essential for the current lead cannot be large. is there.
【０００６】一方、ＱＭＧ法（特開昭６３−２６１６０
７、特願平２−４０２２０４）で代表されるような溶融
法を用いることによって、臨界電流密度が高く、比較的
大型の材料が実際得られる。溶融法は、一度ＲＥ2 Ｂａ
ＣｕＯ5 相とＢａ−Ｃｕ−Ｏを主成分とした液相が共存
する温度領域まで昇温し、これをＲＥＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx
が生成する包晶温度直上まで冷却し、この温度から徐冷
を行うことにより、結晶成長させ大きな結晶粒を得る手
法である。この手法により、現在、約２０ｃｍ2 以上の
結晶粒をもったバルク超電導材料を作製することができ
る。この材料の臨界電流密度は７７Ｋ，１Ｔで１０００
０Ａ／ｃｍ2 であり、上述のＢｉ2 Ｓｒ2 Ｃａ2 Ｃｕ3
Ｏ10系材料に比べて臨界電流密度が優れている。On the other hand, the QMG method (JP-A-63-26160)
By using the melting method represented by No. 7, Japanese Patent Application No. 2-402204), a material having a high critical current density and a relatively large size can be actually obtained. The melting method is once RE 2 Ba
The temperature is raised to a temperature range in which a CuO 5 phase and a liquid phase containing Ba—Cu—O as a main component coexist, and this is heated to REBa 2 Cu 3 O x.
Is a method of obtaining large crystal grains by cooling to a temperature just above the peritectic temperature at which is generated and gradually cooling from this temperature. By this method, at present, a bulk superconducting material having crystal grains of about 20 cm 2 or more can be manufactured. The critical current density of this material is 1000 at 77K and 1T.
0 A / cm 2 and the above-mentioned Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3
The critical current density is superior to that of O 10 -based materials.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、この方
法では得られる形状がバルク状であるために、１次元的
電流経路を長くとることに限界がある。そこで、本発明
は、長さが限定されているが臨界電流の高いＲＥＢａ2
Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 系バルク超電導体に切り込み加工を施し、長
い電流経路を付与されたコンパクトな電流リードを提供
する。However, since the shape obtained by this method is a bulk shape, there is a limitation in taking a long one-dimensional current path. Therefore, according to the present invention, REBa 2 having a limited critical length and a high critical current is used.
A Cu 3 O x type bulk superconductor is subjected to a notching process to provide a compact current lead provided with a long current path.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は前記課題を解決
するものであって、ミアンダ構造を有する配向したＲＥ
Ｂａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 系バルク超電導体（ＲＥはＹ，Ｌａ，
Ｃｅ，Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｐｍ，Ｓｍ，Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ，Ｔｂ，Ｄ
ｙ，Ｈｏ，Ｅｒ，Ｔｍ，Ｙｂ，Ｌｕからなる群から選ば
れた１種以上の元素）とその両端に接続された導線によ
り構成される導体で、ＲＥＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx の電流経路
が常にａｂ面と平行であることを特徴とする超電導電流
リードである。また、配向したＲＥＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 系
バルク超電導体とその両端に接続された導線により構成
される導体で、ＲＥＢａ2 Ｃｕ3Ｏx の電流経路が９０
度の角度を有して屈曲し、かつ電流経路が常にａｂ面と
平行であることを特徴とする超電導電流リードである。
また、これらの超電導電流リードであって、導線に接続
されるＲＥＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 系バルク超電導体の断面積
が中央部より大きくなっていること、熱伝導性の悪い材
料で気密に封じられていることも特徴とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to solving the above-mentioned problems by providing an oriented RE having a meander structure.
Ba 2 Cu 3 O x type bulk superconductor (RE is Y, La,
Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, D
y, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, one or more elements selected from the group consisting of) and a conductor connected to both ends thereof, and the current path of REBa 2 Cu 3 O x is always It is a superconducting current lead which is parallel to the ab plane. Further, it is a conductor composed of oriented REBa 2 Cu 3 O x type bulk superconductor and conductors connected to both ends thereof, and the current path of REBa 2 Cu 3 O x is 90
The superconducting current lead is characterized in that it bends at an angle of degrees and the current path is always parallel to the ab plane.
Moreover, in these superconducting current leads, the cross-sectional area of the REBa 2 Cu 3 O x type bulk superconductor connected to the conducting wire is larger than the central part, and it is hermetically sealed with a material having poor thermal conductivity. It is also characterized by.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】本発明はＱＭＧ材のような配向したＲＥＢａ2
Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 系バルク超電導体１に切り込み加工２を施
し、図１、図２（ａ），（ｂ）に示されるような２次元
的な電流経路をとらせる手段を設けたものである。この
ようなシグザグな電流経路をとらせることにより、熱伝
導が低く、磁場中においても電流容量が大きいコンパク
トな電流リードができる。これは、真空中あるいは減圧
中で使用されるような冷凍機動作型の超電導マグネット
に使用される電流リードとして特に有用である。The present invention is directed to oriented REBa 2 such as QMG material.
The Cu 3 O x type bulk superconductor 1 is subjected to a notching process 2 to provide a means for taking a two-dimensional current path as shown in FIGS. 1, 2A and 2B. By taking such a zigzag current path, a compact current lead having low heat conduction and large current capacity even in a magnetic field can be obtained. This is particularly useful as a current lead used in a refrigerator-operated superconducting magnet used in a vacuum or a reduced pressure.
【００１０】先にも述べたように、上述した酸化物超電
導材料は結晶粒界が著しく臨界電流密度を低下させるた
め、電流経路を横切るような結晶粒界がある構造では、
高い性能を有する電流リードにはならない。したがっ
て、使用されるＲＥＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx は配向している必
要がある。また、この材料は、ｃ軸（単位格子の最長
軸）方向には臨界電流密度が小さいこと、およびこの軸
の直角の面（ａｂ面）の強度が著しく小さいために、図
３ないし図５に示してあるように、長手方向すなわち電
流経路がａｂ面に平行になっている必要がある。As described above, in the above-mentioned oxide superconducting material, the crystal grain boundaries significantly lower the critical current density. Therefore, in a structure having crystal grain boundaries that cross the current path,
It does not become a high performance current lead. Therefore, the REBa 2 Cu 3 O x used must be oriented. Further, this material has a small critical current density in the c-axis (longest axis of the unit cell) direction, and the strength of the plane perpendicular to this axis (ab plane) is extremely small. As shown, the longitudinal or current path must be parallel to the ab plane.
【００１１】図１はミアンダ構造と呼ばれる構造であ
る。この構造には３つの利点がある。第１は、隣合う電
流経路を流れる電流は反対向きであるためにインダクタ
ンスを小さくできる点である。第２はコンパクト化が可
能であることである。特にＱＭＧ法で作製したＲＥＢａ
2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 系バルク超電導体は臨界電流密度が高く、
断面積を小さくでき、相当コンパクト化が図れる。そし
て、第３は形状付与が容易であることである。実際、平
板状の試料をダイヤモンドカッターで容易に作製するこ
とができる。FIG. 1 shows a structure called a meander structure. This structure has three advantages. First, since the currents flowing through the adjacent current paths are in opposite directions, the inductance can be reduced. Secondly, it can be made compact. In particular, REBa produced by the QMG method
2 Cu 3 O x type bulk superconductor has high critical current density,
The cross-sectional area can be reduced and the size can be considerably reduced. And the third is that it is easy to give a shape. In fact, a flat sample can be easily produced with a diamond cutter.
【００１２】両端の導線と接続される部分は、導線の抵
抗や導線とＲＥＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx の接触抵抗に起因する
ジュール熱等によって温度上昇があり、超電導体の断面
積が等しい場合はこの近傍から常電導転移（クエンチ）
を起こすおそれがある。この材料は熱伝導が小さいた
め、常電導転移部分で発熱が局所的に起こり、焼損の危
険性が大きくなる。この危険性を小さくするには、導線
との接続部分近傍の断面積を大きくとり、クエンチが起
こっても中央部から電流リード全体に起こるようにする
必要がある。The portions connected to the conductors at both ends have a temperature rise due to Joule heat or the like caused by the resistance of the conductors or the contact resistance between the conductors and REBa 2 Cu 3 O x. Near-to-normal conduction transition (quenching)
May occur. Since this material has low heat conduction, heat is locally generated at the normal conduction transition portion, and the risk of burning is increased. In order to reduce this risk, it is necessary to increase the cross-sectional area in the vicinity of the connecting portion with the conductive wire so that even if a quench occurs, it will occur from the central portion to the entire current lead.
【００１３】ミアンダ構造では隣合う電流の向きが１８
０度であるため、経路間に電磁力が作用することから、
強度の点から不利な構造である。したがって、電流経路
の隙間をＦＲＰ等の熱伝導の悪い材料で埋めて使用する
形態も考えられる。図２のような構造はミアンダ構造に
比較して電流経路は長くとれないが、電流経路が直交し
ていることから、電磁力はかからない構造であり、板状
試料から容易に加工することが可能である。In the meander structure, the directions of adjacent currents are 18
Since it is 0 degree, electromagnetic force acts between the paths,
The structure is disadvantageous in terms of strength. Therefore, a mode in which the gap in the current path is filled with a material having poor heat conduction such as FRP and used is also conceivable. The structure shown in Fig. 2 has a longer current path than the meander structure, but since the current paths are orthogonal, it is a structure that does not apply electromagnetic force and can be easily processed from a plate sample. Is.
【００１４】これまでの電流リードの発想が蒸発ヘリウ
ムガスを積極的に利用するために、ガスの温度勾配の方
向に電流が流れる必要があった。しかし、前述したよう
な冷凍機で動作する超電導マグネットに用いられる電流
リードの場合、必ずしも１方向に長くする必要はない。
このようなマグネットの場合、電流リードは１０Ｋ−８
０Ｋの真空空間に設置され、冷凍機からの伝導冷却によ
って冷却されるために、温度勾配は電流リード導体に沿
ってつく。したがって、ミアンダ構造のような２次元的
な構造を有していても伝導経路が長くなることによる効
果は十分ある。In order to positively utilize the vaporized helium gas according to the conventional idea of the current lead, it was necessary to flow the current in the direction of the temperature gradient of the gas. However, in the case of the current lead used in the superconducting magnet that operates in the refrigerator as described above, it is not always necessary to lengthen it in one direction.
In the case of such a magnet, the current lead is 10K-8
Since it is placed in a 0K vacuum space and is cooled by conduction cooling from a refrigerator, a temperature gradient is created along the current lead conductors. Therefore, even if it has a two-dimensional structure such as a meander structure, the effect of lengthening the conduction path is sufficient.
【００１５】また、ミアンダ構造のような構造は、ガス
中で用いられる場合は隣合う経路間でガスによる熱伝達
があるため、ステンレス、キュプロニッケル、ＦＲＰの
ような熱伝導の悪い材料で真空あるいは減圧状態で封じ
られて用いられる方が効果は大きい。Further, in the structure such as the meander structure, when used in a gas, since heat is transferred by the gas between adjacent paths, a material having poor heat conduction such as stainless steel, cupro-nickel, and FRP is used in vacuum or The effect is greater when used in a reduced pressure state.
【００１６】本発明において配向したＲＥＢａ2 Ｃｕ3
Ｏx バルク超電導体に限定した理由は、Ｂｉ系焼結材料
では臨界電流密度が小さいため、断面積を大きくとらざ
るを得ず、本発明の大きな効果であるコンパクト性が得
られないからであり、気相法で作製したような薄膜材料
では臨界電流を大きくとることができないからである。
臨界電流を大きくとるため、積層させて並列させる方法
も考えられるが、相対的に基盤の厚さが大きいため基盤
の熱伝導が無視し得なくなる。REBa 2 Cu 3 oriented in the present invention
O x reason for limiting the bulk superconductor, because the critical current density in the Bi-based sintered material is small, not help take the cross-sectional area large, because not obtained compact is a great effect of the present invention This is because a thin film material such as that produced by the vapor phase method cannot have a large critical current.
A method of stacking and juxtaposing it in order to increase the critical current is also conceivable, but the heat conduction of the substrate cannot be ignored due to the relatively large thickness of the substrate.
【００１７】厚さは０．１ｍｍ以上であることが望まし
い。理由はこの厚さがおおよそ薄膜とバルクの境界であ
ることと、一般に超電導マグネットは１００Ａ以上の電
流容量を必要とするが、この材料の７７Ｋの臨界電流密
度がゼロ磁場で１０００００Ａ／ｃｍ2 程度であるから
である。また、実際問題としてこれ以上薄くすることは
現実的ではない。The thickness is preferably 0.1 mm or more. The reason is that this thickness is approximately the boundary between a thin film and a bulk, and generally a superconducting magnet requires a current capacity of 100 A or more, but the critical current density of 77 K of this material is about 100000 A / cm 2 at zero magnetic field. Because there is. Moreover, as a practical matter, it is not realistic to make it thinner than this.
【００１８】[0018]
（実施例１）ＱＭＧ法で作製したＹＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 系
バルク超電導体から図３、図４および図５で示されるよ
うな電流リードを作製した。これらを電流リードＡ（図
３）、電流リードＢ（図４）および電流リードＣ（図
５）とする。電流リードＢの切り込み部分２を含めて、
加工はすべてダイヤモンドカッターを用いて行った。そ
れぞれの電流リードを構成している材料は全体にわたっ
て大傾角粒界がなく、マトリクスのＹＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx
相内にＹ2 ＢａＣｕＯ5 相が平均２μｍ以下で均一に分
散している組織を有する。結晶方位は図３から図５に示
したように試料の最も広い面がａｂ面、すなわち電流の
流れる方向がａｂ面に平行である。また、この材料の臨
界電流密度は７７Ｋ，１Ｔで２５０００Ａ／ｃｍ2 であ
る。なお図中３は電流の流れる方向を示す。(Example 1) A current lead as shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 was produced from a YBa 2 Cu 3 O x type bulk superconductor produced by the QMG method. These are designated as current lead A (FIG. 3), current lead B (FIG. 4) and current lead C (FIG. 5). Including the cut portion 2 of the current lead B,
All processing was performed using a diamond cutter. The material forming each of the current leads has no large tilt grain boundaries throughout, and the YBa 2 Cu 3 O x of the matrix does not exist.
It has a structure in which the Y 2 BaCuO 5 phase is uniformly dispersed with an average of 2 μm or less in the phase. As for the crystal orientation, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the widest plane of the sample is the ab plane, that is, the direction of current flow is parallel to the ab plane. The critical current density of this material is 25000 A / cm 2 at 77K and 1T. In the figure, 3 indicates the direction of current flow.
【００１９】これらの電流リードを液体ヘリウム中で超
電導体の臨界電流密度を測定するための臨界電流密度測
定ホルダーに適用した。臨界電流密度は図６に示したよ
うなクライオスタットを構成して測定される。図６は電
流リードＡを設置した時の図を示したもので（ａ）は全
体図、（ｂ）はＸ部分の拡大図である。使用した試料ホ
ルダー１１は６つの試料の測定が可能であり、プラス側
を共通にして２ｍｍ径の通電用銅線が合計７本キュプロ
ニッケルパイプの心棒１６に沿って外部から測定部まで
入っている（図の中では、銅線は省略している）。この
径の銅線であれば、通常２００Ａまでの通電が可能であ
る。These current leads were applied to a critical current density measuring holder for measuring the critical current density of a superconductor in liquid helium. The critical current density is measured by configuring a cryostat as shown in FIG. FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams showing the state in which the current lead A is installed. FIG. 6A is an overall view and FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of an X portion. The sample holder 11 used can measure six samples, and a total of 7 current-carrying copper wires with a diameter of 2 mm with a common plus side are inserted along the mandrel 16 of the cupro nickel pipe from the outside to the measurement part. (The copper wire is omitted in the figure). A copper wire of this diameter can normally be energized up to 200A.
【００２０】試料ホルダー１１は図に示されたようなス
テンレスデュワー１２にフランジ１３で固定され、試料
ホルダー１１に設置した超電導試料に通電しながら、臨
界電流密度を測定する。デュワー１２は真空１７と液体
窒素１４によって熱的にシールドされ、通電用銅線がな
い場合の液体ヘリウム１５のレベルが２００ｍｍから０
ｍｍになるまでの蒸発速度は、０．００７リットル／分
である（以下、蒸発速度とは液体ヘリウムのレベルが２
００ｍｍから０ｍｍまでの平均の蒸発速度をいう）。こ
れに対して、２ｍｍ径の通電用銅線が７本デュワーの外
から試料ホルダー１１まで入った場合の液体ヘリウムの
蒸発量は、０．０８リットル／分であった。したがっ
て、９０％以上の熱が通電用銅線を通じての熱伝導によ
って侵入してくることがわかった。The sample holder 11 is fixed to a stainless steel dewar 12 as shown by a flange 13 and the critical current density is measured while energizing the superconducting sample installed in the sample holder 11. The dewar 12 is thermally shielded by the vacuum 17 and the liquid nitrogen 14, and the level of the liquid helium 15 in the case where there is no copper wire for electricity is from 200 mm to 0.
The evaporation rate up to mm is 0.007 liters / minute (hereinafter, the evaporation rate means that the level of liquid helium is 2
Refers to the average evaporation rate from 00 mm to 0 mm). On the other hand, the evaporation amount of liquid helium was 0.08 liters / minute when the current-carrying copper wire having a diameter of 2 mm entered into the sample holder 11 from outside the dewar. Therefore, it was found that 90% or more of the heat entered due to the heat conduction through the current-carrying copper wire.
【００２１】この銅線の途中にそれぞれ７本の電流リー
ドＡ、電流リードＢ、電流リードＣを挿入・接続した場
合の電流リード両端の電圧および液体ヘリウムの蒸発量
を測定した。接続方法はＹＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx の電流リー
ド１８両端の電極部分１９（長さ約１ｃｍ）にＲＦスパ
ッタリング装置で銀を１μｍ成膜させ、これを長さ５ｃ
ｍの銅編み線２０を介して通電用銅線に半田づけするこ
とによって行った。銅線とＹＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 電流リー
ド１８の間に銅編み線２０を介する理由は、間にフレキ
シブルな銅編み線を入れることによって、冷却による熱
収縮歪みを解放するためである。The voltage across the current lead and the evaporation amount of liquid helium were measured when seven current leads A, current leads B, and current leads C were inserted and connected in the middle of this copper wire. The connection method is as follows. Silver is deposited to a thickness of 1 μm on the electrode portions 19 (about 1 cm in length) at both ends of the current lead 18 of YBa 2 Cu 3 O x with an RF sputtering device, and the silver is deposited to a length of 5 c.
It was performed by soldering the copper wire 20 for m to the current-carrying copper wire. The reason for interposing the copper braided wire 20 between the copper wire and the YBa 2 Cu 3 O x current lead 18 is to release the heat shrinkage strain due to cooling by inserting the flexible copper braided wire therebetween.
【００２２】液体ヘリウムのレベルがゼロの状態におい
ても、電流リードは銅線からの熱伝導と液体ヘリウムか
らの蒸発ガスによって５０Ｋ以下に冷却された。図６に
おいて２１が液体ヘリウムのレベルがゼロの位置であ
る。試料ホルダー１１の試料設置部分を銅ブロック２２
で短絡し、それぞれの電流リードに２００Ａの直流電流
を流した。すべての電流リードの両端には電圧は検出さ
れなかった。Even when the level of liquid helium was zero, the current lead was cooled to less than 50K by heat conduction from the copper wire and vaporized gas from liquid helium. In FIG. 6, 21 is a position where the level of liquid helium is zero. The sample mounting portion of the sample holder 11 is replaced with a copper block 22.
, And a direct current of 200 A was applied to each current lead. No voltage was detected across all current leads.
【００２３】表１に電流リードＡ，Ｂ，Ｃそれぞれの電
流リードを設置した場合の液体ヘリウムの蒸発量を示し
た。表に示したとおり、ＹＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx の電流リー
ドを挿入した場合は、挿入しない場合に比較して熱侵入
が抑えられ、電流経路が長くなるにしたがってその効果
が大きくなることがわかった。Table 1 shows the evaporation amount of liquid helium when the current leads A, B, and C are installed. As shown in the table, in the case where the current lead of YBa 2 Cu 3 O x is inserted, the heat penetration is suppressed as compared with the case where the current lead is not inserted, and the effect becomes larger as the current path becomes longer. .
【００２４】[0024]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２５】（実施例２）次に、デュワー内を３７．８
ｍｍＨｇまで排気をしてＹＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 電流リード
を用いなかった場合と電流リードＡを７本挿入した場
合、電流リードＢを７本挿入した場合および電流リード
Ｃを７本挿入した場合の液体ヘリウムの蒸発量を測定し
た。ＹＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 電流リードを用いなかった場
合、液体ヘリウムの蒸発量が大きく、３７．８ｍｍＨｇ
まで圧力が低下する前に液体ヘリウムの液面が０ｍｍに
なってしまった。一方、ＹＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 電流リード
を用いた場合、減圧の結果ラムダ点に達し、この場合、
液体ヘリウムの液面近傍は２．２Ｋに到達した。表２に
平均の液体ヘリウムの消費量を示す。電流リードＡと電
流リードＢおよび電流リードＣ間で大きな差が認められ
た。ミアンダ構造をとって電流経路を長くとったもの
は、液体ヘリウムの消費量は低減され、電流リードから
の熱侵入が大幅に低減されたことがわかった。(Embodiment 2) Next, the inside of the dewar is set to 37.8.
When the gas is exhausted to mmHg and the YBa 2 Cu 3 O x current lead is not used, 7 current leads A are inserted, 7 current leads B are inserted, and 7 current leads C are inserted. The evaporation amount of liquid helium was measured. When the YBa 2 Cu 3 O x current lead was not used, the evaporation amount of liquid helium was large, and 37.8 mmHg
The liquid level of liquid helium became 0 mm before the pressure dropped to 0. On the other hand, when the YBa 2 Cu 3 O x current lead is used, the lambda point is reached as a result of decompression, and in this case,
The vicinity of the liquid surface of liquid helium reached 2.2K. Table 2 shows the average consumption of liquid helium. A large difference was observed among the current lead A, the current lead B, and the current lead C. It was found that the meander structure with a long current path reduced the consumption of liquid helium and significantly reduced the heat intrusion from the current lead.
【００２６】[0026]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２７】（実施例３）次に、ＦＲＰの箱の中にＹＢ
ａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 電流リードを１気圧のヘリウムガスで密
封したものを作製し、実施例１と同様な実験を行った。
銅線部分とＦＲＰはスタイキャスト１２６６と呼ばれる
エポキシ樹脂でシールした。したがって、低温に冷却さ
れると、電流リードの周囲は減圧状態になる。表３に電
流リードＡ，Ｂ，Ｃそれぞれ７本設置した場合の液体ヘ
リウムの消費量を示す。電流リードＡの場合は、密封し
ない場合に比較して消費量が大きくなったが、電流リー
ドＢとＣの場合は実施例１の場合に比較して、消費量が
低減することがわかった。(Embodiment 3) Next, YB is placed in the FRP box.
An a 2 Cu 3 O x current lead sealed with helium gas at 1 atm was prepared, and the same experiment as in Example 1 was conducted.
The copper wire portion and the FRP were sealed with an epoxy resin called Stycast 1266. Therefore, when cooled to a low temperature, the surroundings of the current lead are in a reduced pressure state. Table 3 shows the amount of liquid helium consumed when seven current leads A, B, and C are installed. It was found that in the case of the current lead A, the consumption amount was larger than that in the case where it was not hermetically sealed, but in the case of the current leads B and C, it was found that the consumption amount was reduced as compared with the case of the first embodiment.
【００２８】[0028]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００２９】（実施例４）次に、形状・結晶方位の異な
る切り出し方をした試料の液体窒素温度における臨界電
流を測定した。測定した試料は実施例１で用いた電流リ
ードＡからＣおよび図７から図９に示したような試料で
あり、それぞれ電流リードＤ，Ｅ，Ｆとする。すべての
電流リードに使用されたＹＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx は大傾角粒
界のない配向した材料である。電流リードＤは、電流リ
ードＣと同じ形状であるが結晶方位が異なる。電流リー
ドＥは、電流リードＢと同一形状であるが、切り出し方
位が異なる。電流リードＦは、電流リードＣと結晶方位
は同じであるが、電流リードＣに比較して電極部分の断
面積が細く、中心部の断面積と同じに切り出されたもの
である。(Example 4) Next, the critical current at the liquid nitrogen temperature of a sample cut out with different shapes and crystal orientations was measured. The measured samples are the current leads A to C used in Example 1 and the samples shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, and are referred to as current leads D, E, and F, respectively. The YBa 2 Cu 3 O x used for all current leads is an oriented material with no large tilt grain boundaries. The current lead D has the same shape as the current lead C, but the crystal orientation is different. The current lead E has the same shape as the current lead B, but the cutting direction is different. The current lead F has the same crystal orientation as the current lead C, but the electrode lead portion has a smaller cross-sectional area than the current lead C and is cut out in the same shape as the center portion.
【００３０】臨界電流測定は４端子法で行い、電流端子
は両端１ｃｍの部分で実施例１に示したものと同様な方
法で形成した。電圧端子はその内側５ｍｍの部分につけ
た。電流リードＡからＣまでは、電源の測定限界である
５００Ａまで電圧は発生せず、すなわち臨界電流が５０
０Ａ以上であった。電流リードＤは３９０Ａの電流を印
加したところで、ミアンダ構造の中央部の図７の４の部
分で破損してしまった。破損はａｂ面での劈開割れであ
ったが、これは電流経路間の電磁力によるものであった
と考えられる。電流リードＥの場合は破壊は起こらなか
ったが、４００Ａ通電したところで臨界電流に達した。
これは、電流経路が臨界電流の低いｃ軸方向になってい
るためと考えられる。電流リードＦの場合は、４８０Ａ
通電したところで、電流端子近傍の図９の５の部分で焼
損してしまった。これは、電流端子部分の温度が接触抵
抗によるジュール熱により温度上昇を起こし、局所的に
クエンチしてしまったためと考えられる。The critical current measurement was carried out by the four-terminal method, and the current terminals were formed at the portions of 1 cm at both ends by the same method as shown in Example 1. The voltage terminal was attached to the inside 5 mm. From the current leads A to C, no voltage is generated up to the measurement limit of the power source of 500 A, that is, the critical current is 50
It was 0 A or more. When a current of 390 A was applied, the current lead D was broken at the central portion of the meander structure at 4 in FIG. 7. The damage was a cleavage crack on the ab plane, which is considered to be due to the electromagnetic force between the current paths. In the case of the current lead E, no breakage occurred, but the critical current was reached when 400 A was applied.
It is considered that this is because the current path is in the c-axis direction where the critical current is low. 480A for current lead F
When energized, it burned out at the portion 5 in FIG. 9 near the current terminal. It is considered that this is because the temperature of the current terminal portion was locally quenched due to the temperature rise caused by Joule heat due to the contact resistance.
【００３１】[0031]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、配向した臨界電流
密度の高いＲＥＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 系バルク超電導体に結
晶方位を規定して切り込み加工を施し、図１または図２
に示されるようなジグザグな電流経路をとらせることに
より、電流経路が長く熱侵入量の小さい電流リードが製
造できる。これは、真空中あるいは減圧中で使用される
電流リードとして特に有用である。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the oriented REBa 2 Cu 3 O x type bulk superconductor having a high critical current density is subjected to the incision processing by defining the crystal orientation, and then, as shown in FIG.
By adopting the zigzag current path as shown in (3), a current lead having a long current path and a small amount of heat penetration can be manufactured. It is particularly useful as a current lead used in vacuum or vacuum.
【図１】ミアンダ構造を説明する図FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a meander structure.
【図２】（ａ），（ｂ）はそれぞれ屈曲した構造を有す
る電流リードを説明する図2A and 2B are views for explaining a current lead having a bent structure, respectively.
【図３】電流リードＡの概略図FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a current lead A.
【図４】電流リードＢの概略図FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a current lead B.
【図５】電流リードＣの概略図FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a current lead C.
【図６】実施例における実験に用いたクライオスタット
の概略図で（ａ）は全体図、（ｂ）はＸ部分の拡大図6A and 6B are schematic views of a cryostat used for an experiment in an example, FIG. 6A is an overall view, and FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of an X portion.
【図７】電流リードＤの概略図FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a current lead D.
【図８】電流リードＥの概略図FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a current lead E.
【図９】電流リードＦの概略図FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a current lead F.
１ ＲＥＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 超電導体 ２ 切り込み ３ 電流の流れる方向 ４ 破損部分 ５ 焼損部分 １１ 試料ホルダー １２ クライオスタット １３ フランジ １４ 液体窒素 １５ 液体ヘリウム １６ 心棒 １７ 真空 １８ 電流リード １９ 電極部分 ２０ 銅編み線 ２１ 液体ヘリウムのレベルがゼロの位置 ２２ 銅ブロック1 REBa 2 Cu 3 O x Superconductor 2 Cut 3 Direction of current flow 4 Damaged part 5 Burned part 11 Sample holder 12 Cryostat 13 Flange 14 Liquid nitrogen 15 Liquid helium 16 Mandrel 17 Vacuum 18 Current lead 19 Electrode part 20 Copper braided wire 21 Position where liquid helium level is zero 22 Copper block
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｈ０１Ｂ 12/16 ＺＡＡ ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location H01B 12/16 ZAA
Claims (4)
2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx 系バルク超電導体（ＲＥはＹ，Ｌａ，Ｃ
ｅ，Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｐｍ，Ｓｍ，Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ，Ｔｂ，Ｄ
ｙ，Ｈｏ，Ｅｒ，Ｔｍ，Ｙｂ，Ｌｕからなる群から選ば
れた１種以上の元素）とその両端に接続された導線によ
り構成される導体で、ＲＥＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx の電流経路
が常にａｂ面と平行であることを特徴とする超電導電流
リード。1. An oriented REBa having a meander structure.
2 Cu 3 O x type bulk superconductor (RE is Y, La, C
e, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, D
y, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, one or more elements selected from the group consisting of) and a conductor connected to both ends thereof, and the current path of REBa 2 Cu 3 O x is always A superconducting current lead which is parallel to the ab plane.
超電導体（ＲＥはＹ，Ｌａ，Ｃｅ，Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｐｍ，
Ｓｍ，Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ，Ｔｂ，Ｄｙ，Ｈｏ，Ｅｒ，Ｔｍ，Ｙ
ｂ，Ｌｕからなる群から選ばれた１種以上の元素）とそ
の両端に接続された導線により構成される導体で、ＲＥ
Ｂａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏx の電流経路が９０度の角度を有して屈
曲し、かつ電流経路が常にａｂ面と平行であることを特
徴とする超電導電流リード。2. An oriented REBa 2 Cu 3 O x type bulk superconductor (RE is Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm,
Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Y
b, a conductor consisting of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Lu) and conductors connected to both ends of the RE,
A superconducting current lead, wherein the current path of Ba 2 Cu 3 O x is bent at an angle of 90 degrees, and the current path is always parallel to the ab plane.
電流リードであって、導線に接続されるＲＥＢａ2 Ｃｕ
3 Ｏx 系バルク超電導体の断面積が中央部より大きくな
っていることを特徴とする超電導電流リード。3. The superconducting current lead according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the REBa 2 Cu is connected to a conductor.
A superconducting current lead, wherein the cross-sectional area of the 3 O x type bulk superconductor is larger than that of the central portion.
の超電導電流リードであって、熱伝導性の悪い材料で気
密に封じられていることを特徴とする超電導電流リー
ド。4. The superconducting current lead according to claim 1, wherein the superconducting current lead is hermetically sealed with a material having poor thermal conductivity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11529195A JP3766448B2 (en) | 1994-04-26 | 1995-04-18 | Superconducting current lead |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6-109197 | 1994-04-26 | ||
| JP10919794 | 1994-04-26 | ||
| JP11529195A JP3766448B2 (en) | 1994-04-26 | 1995-04-18 | Superconducting current lead |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0817621A true JPH0817621A (en) | 1996-01-19 |
| JP3766448B2 JP3766448B2 (en) | 2006-04-12 |
Family
ID=26448990
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11529195A Expired - Lifetime JP3766448B2 (en) | 1994-04-26 | 1995-04-18 | Superconducting current lead |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3766448B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011146292A (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-28 | Swcc Showa Cable Systems Co Ltd | Oxide superconductive current lead |
| US10741743B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2020-08-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Oxide superconductor and method for manufacturing the same |
| US12566226B2 (en) | 2021-07-06 | 2026-03-03 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Electrical connection for use in cryogenic applications |
-
1995
- 1995-04-18 JP JP11529195A patent/JP3766448B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011146292A (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2011-07-28 | Swcc Showa Cable Systems Co Ltd | Oxide superconductive current lead |
| US10741743B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2020-08-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Oxide superconductor and method for manufacturing the same |
| US11417820B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2022-08-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Oxide superconductor and method for manufacturing the same |
| US12566226B2 (en) | 2021-07-06 | 2026-03-03 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Electrical connection for use in cryogenic applications |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3766448B2 (en) | 2006-04-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8993485B2 (en) | Methods of splicing 2G rebco high temperature superconductors using partial micro-melting diffusion pressurized splicing by direct face-to-face contact of high temperature superconducting layers and recovering superconductivity by oxygenation annealing | |
| KR101419331B1 (en) | Multifilament superconductor having reduced ac losses and method for forming the same | |
| US7981841B2 (en) | Resistive type super conductive current-limiting device comprising a strip-shaped high-Tc-super conductive path | |
| Park et al. | Analysis of a joint method between superconducting YBCO coated conductors | |
| KR20150065694A (en) | Superconductive coil device and production method | |
| JP5724029B2 (en) | Superconducting current lead, superconducting current lead device, and superconducting magnet device | |
| JP5022279B2 (en) | Oxide superconducting current lead | |
| JP2013175293A (en) | Superconductive current lead, current lead device, and superconducting magnet device | |
| JP5675232B2 (en) | Superconducting current lead | |
| Sato et al. | High field generation using silver-sheathed BSCCO conductor | |
| JP3766448B2 (en) | Superconducting current lead | |
| JP5011181B2 (en) | Oxide superconducting current lead | |
| JP6125350B2 (en) | Superconducting wire connection and superconducting current lead | |
| JP2008305765A (en) | Oxide superconducting current lead | |
| JP5614831B2 (en) | Oxide superconducting current lead | |
| JP2004111581A (en) | Superconducting magnet device | |
| JP2012064323A (en) | Superconductive current lead | |
| JP6444549B2 (en) | Superconducting current lead | |
| JP6238623B2 (en) | Superconducting current lead | |
| JPH0818110A (en) | Superconducting conductor | |
| JP5925827B2 (en) | Superconducting current lead | |
| JP2018055990A (en) | Superconductive current lead and oxide superconducting wire material | |
| JP5162088B2 (en) | Cooling method using nitrogen-oxygen mixed refrigerant | |
| Silver et al. | 9 Developments in high temperature superconductivity | |
| JP4901585B2 (en) | Oxide superconducting current lead |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20041027 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20041102 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20041224 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20050419 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20050620 |
|
| A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20050809 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20051006 |
|
| A911 | Transfer of reconsideration by examiner before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20051026 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20060117 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20060127 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090203 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100203 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100203 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110203 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110203 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120203 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120203 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130203 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130203 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130203 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130203 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130203 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140203 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |