JPH08197355A - Method of assembling differential - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To install a pinion gear in a differential case by engaging it with a side gear easily and surely. CONSTITUTION: A pair of pinion gears 7 is inserted into gear assembling holes 3a on both sides of a case 3 and is engaged with a pair of side gears 8. Each shaft hole 7a of a pair of pinion gears 7 is coordinated with each other, and a temporary pinion gear 20 is set through each hole. The temporary pinion gear 20 is rotated by approximately 90 deg. around the center line X of an axle together with the pinion gear 7. Both ends of the temporary pinion shaft 20 are coordinated with the pinion shaft support hole 3b of the case 3. From outside the case 3, a regular pinion shaft 6 is inserted into a pinion shaft support hole 3b. The temporary pinion shaft 20 is pushed out of the case 3. This is a method of assembling a differential consisting of these processes.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of assembling a differential.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A differential 1 is, as shown in FIG. 8, a differential case 3 having a ring gear 2 meshing with a propeller shaft P fixed to an outer peripheral surface thereof, and a pinion shaft 6 inserted and fixed in the differential case 3. And a pair of pinion gears 7, 7 pivotally attached to the differential case 3 by the pinion shaft 6, and a pair of side gears 8, 8 meshing with the pinion gears 7, 7.

The differential case 3 is for accommodating the pinion gears 7, 7 and the side gears 8, 8 in engagement with each other, and has a substantially cylindrical case body 4 and an end plate 5 integrated with the case body 4. Composed of and. Gear mounting holes 3a, 3a for inserting the pinion gears 6, 6 and the like are formed on both side surfaces of the differential case 3 which are orthogonal to the axle center line XX, and which are orthogonal to the axle center line XX. Pinion shaft support holes 3b, 3b for inserting and fixing the pinion shaft 6 are formed on the lower surface. The inside of the case has a spherical inner surface 3c, and the axle centerline X of the differential case 3
Axle holes 3d and 3e are formed on the extension line of -X.
In addition, a gear of a speedometer or the like can be engaged with the tip of the case body 4.

The pinion shaft 6 has an outer diameter substantially the same as the inner diameter of the pinion shaft support hole 3b, and has a length substantially the same as the diameter of the differential case 3.

The pinion gear 7 is provided with a shaft hole 7a through which the pinion shaft 6 passes, a bevel gear 7b is formed on the peripheral surface, and a spherical surface portion 7c is formed on the back surface.

The side gears 8, 8 are provided with spline joints 8a for inserting and fixing the axle 9, and bevel gears 8b are provided on the peripheral surfaces.
Is formed, and the cylindrical portion 8c is formed on the back surface.

The differential 1 composed of these main parts is assembled as follows.

A pair of side gears 8, 8 are connected to bevel gears 8b,
Differential case 3 with 8b facing each other
It is rotatably stored inside.

Next, the pinion gears 7, 7 are inserted through the two gear mounting holes 3a, 3a of the differential case 3 so that the side gears 8, 8 are sandwiched from both sides and meshed with the side gears 8, 8.

In this state, the pinion gears 7, 7 are rotated while being supported by hand, and the spherical surface portions 7c, 7c are mounted on the inner surface 3c of the differential case 3.

When the shaft holes 7a, 7a of the pinion gears 7, 7 and the pinion shaft support hole 3b of the differential case 3 are completely aligned, the pinion shaft 6 is moved from the pinion shaft support hole 3b above the differential case 3 to the shaft. The holes 7a, 7a and the lower pinion shaft support hole 3b are penetrated to complete the product.

[0012]

However, with the side gears 8 and 8 and the pinion gears 7 and 7 accurately meshed, the shaft holes 7a and 7a are inserted into the differential case 3 respectively.
The step of conforming to the extension lines of the pinion shaft support holes 3b, 3b must be done manually, and it requires a considerable amount of skill to perform the work quickly and reliably.

The present invention uses the temporary pinion shaft and the rotary jig unique to the present invention in addition to the same parts as in the conventional case, so that the pinion gear can be engaged with the side gear more easily and surely than in the conventional case, and the pinion gear can be engaged in the differential case. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of assembling a differential that can be mounted on a vehicle.

[0014]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and to achieve the above-mentioned object, a differential assembling method according to the present invention comprises a differential case having a pair of side gears rotatably housed therein, on both sides of an axle center line. Inserting a pair of pinion gears into the pair of gear assembly holes formed in the above to engage with the side gears, aligning the shaft holes of the pair of pinion gears with each other, and penetrating the temporary pinion shaft into the shaft holes. Rotating the provisional pinion shaft together with the pinion gear about 90 ° about the axle center line, aligning both ends of the provisional pinion shaft with pinion shaft support holes of the differential case, and outside the differential case. Insert the pinion shaft into the pinion shaft support hole. It is characterized by having extruding a temporary pinion shaft outside the differential case.

In particular, when the temporary pinion shaft is elastically expandable and contractable, and when the temporary pinion shaft is rotated together with the pinion gear about 90 ° around the axle center line, both ends of the temporary pinion shaft are rotated. May be elastically fitted into the pinion shaft support hole.

Further, when the temporary pinion shaft is rotated together with the pinion gear by about 90 ° around the axle center line, the pair of gear mounting holes have an inner surface that is smoothly continuous with the inner surface of the differential case. The lid member is closed, and at that time, a rotary jig having a groove portion at the tip end portion of which the intermediate portion of the temporary pinion shaft can be detachably fitted is inserted from the axle hole of the differential case. You can also

In addition, spherical washers having a predetermined thickness may be rotatably mounted on both ends of the temporary pinion shaft projecting from the rear surface of the pinion gear.

[0018]

The pair of side gears are inserted into the differential case through the gear mounting holes and are rotatably arranged on the axle center line.

Next, the pinion gears are arranged so that the side gears are sandwiched from both sides in the gear assembling holes on both sides. In this state, the temporary pinion shaft is passed through each shaft hole of the pinion gear, and the side gear and the pinion gear are temporarily supported in a meshed state. Next, the temporary pinion shaft is rotated together with the pinion gear by about 90 ° around the axle centerline of the differential case. At that time, for example, by inserting a rotating jig having a groove portion through one of the axle holes and temporarily fitting the groove portion in the intermediate portion of the temporary pinion shaft to rotate the pinion gear as a side gear. It can be easily rotated as a whole along the inner surface of the case while being engaged at a predetermined position.

Then, when the positions of both ends of the temporary pinion shaft coincide with the positions of the pinion shaft support holes of the differential case, when the pinion shaft is newly inserted into the differential case through the pinion shaft support holes, the temporary pinion shaft is It is pushed out of the differential case. After that, the rotary jig is pulled out from the axle hole.

With this, the pinion gear is supported by the pinion shaft in the differential case.

When the temporary pinion shaft is replaced with the main pinion shaft, when a temporary pinion shaft having a built-in spring or the like and elastically expandable and contractible is used,
It works as follows. A pair of pinion gears are penetrated by the temporary pinion shaft, and the spring etc. are contracted and inserted into the case. Then, the temporary pinion shaft is rotated with both ends of the temporary pinion shaft elastically pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the differential case, and the positions of both ends of the temporary pinion shaft match the positions of the pinion shaft support holes of the differential case. At this time, both ends of the shaft project into and fit into the pinion shaft support holes by the elastic force of a spring or the like. Therefore, the process of aligning both ends of the pinion shaft with the pinion shaft support holes of the differential case becomes easier.

Further, when the temporary pinion shaft is rotated around the axle center line together with the pinion gear, a lid member for closing the gear assembling hole may be used together with the rotating jig. By forming the inner surface of the lid member into a shape (for example, a partial cylindrical surface) that is smoothly continuous with the inner surface of the differential case, the lid member operates as follows.

When the gear assembly hole is closed by the lid member, the inner surface of the lid member contacts the back surface of the pinion gear, and the pinion shaft is reduced. In this state, using a rotating jig,
When the provisional pinion shaft is rotated together with the pinion gear about 90 ° around the axle centerline of the differential case, the provisional pinion shaft remains in a contracted state,
In addition, the back surface of the pinion gear rotates along the inner surface of the lid member and rides on the inner surface of the differential case.

At this time, a spherical washer with a predetermined thickness for backlash adjustment may be preliminarily rotatably attached to both ends of the temporary pinion shaft projecting from the rear surface of the pinion gear, if necessary.

[0026]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of a method of assembling the differential 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, the temporary pinion shaft 2 which has not been used in the past
0, the rotating jig 30 for rotating the temporary pinion shaft 20, and the lid member 40 were created as auxiliary tools during assembly.

As shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 2 (b), the temporary pinion shaft 20 has the same diameter as that of the main pinion shaft 6, but is divided into two diagonally at a substantially central portion in the axial direction. Ends 21a, 21a of the support pin 21 penetrating the central portion
Is supported by the shaft so that it can be expanded and contracted in the axial direction. A spring 22 is arranged at a divided portion of the temporary pinion shaft 20 so as to surround the support pin 21.
By the elastic force of, it is possible to reduce the length to at least a length slightly shorter than the inner diameter of the differential case 3. The temporary pinion shaft 20 can be inserted into the shaft hole 7a, as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1 (d), the rotating jig 30 has a groove 31a which can be fitted with the temporary pinion shaft 20 at the tip of a rod-shaped body 31, and an operating handle 31b at the rear end. ing.

As shown in FIG. 3, the lid member 40 has an inner surface 40a formed into a cylindrical surface having the same curvature as the inner surface 3c of the differential case 3 so that it can be mounted in the gear mounting hole 3a of the differential case 3. . Further, one lid member 40 is provided with a hole 40b into which the push plug 41 is inserted. This push plug 41
Are used to shrink the temporary pinion shaft 20 from the outside of the lid member 40.

As shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 3, the spherical washer 50 is formed of a thin steel material so as to have a curvature substantially the same as the curvature of the spherical portion 7c of the pinion gear 7, and the main pinion is provided at the center. Shaft 6 and temporary pinion shaft 20
Is provided with a hole 50a for inserting.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, an insertion hole 3f for inserting the retaining pin 60 for the main pinion shaft 6 is formed in the differential case 3, and the one end portion of the main pinion shaft 6 is formed with the insertion hole 3f. An insertion hole 6f continuous with the insertion hole 3f is formed. Other than that, the main configuration of the differential case 3, the side gears 8, 8 and the like used in this embodiment is almost the same as that of the conventional example. Therefore, for the same or corresponding portions as those of the conventional configuration, the same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. Next, a process of assembling the differential 1 using the temporary pinion shaft 20, the rotating jig 30, and the lid member 40 will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), a pair of side gears 8 and 8 are rotated on the axle center line X-X in the differential case 3 with their bevel gears 8b and 8b opposed to each other. Store freely.

Next, the pair of pinion gears 7, 7 are inserted into the case through the gear mounting holes 3a, 3a of the differential case 3 at an angle orthogonal to the axle centerline XX.
As shown in FIG. 2A, the bevel gears 8b and 8b of the pair of side gears 8 and 8 are engaged with the side gears 8 and 8 so as to be sandwiched from both sides.

With the pair of pinion gears 7, 7 and the pair of side gears 8, 8 meshed with each other, the shaft holes 7a, 7a of the respective pinion gears 7, 7 are arranged on a straight line orthogonal to the axle center line XX. The temporary pinion shaft 20 shown in FIG. 2B is passed through each shaft hole 7a. At this time, since the substantially central portion of the temporary pinion shaft 20 is obliquely divided, it does not get caught on the edge portion of the shaft hole, and the shaft hole 7 smoothly.
a can be penetrated.

Further, in the present embodiment, the spherical washer 50 is superposed on the spherical portion 7c at both ends of the temporary pinion shaft 20 projecting from the spherical portion 7c on the back surface of each pinion gear 7 and is rotatable. Attach to.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, cover members 40, 40 are covered from both sides of the differential case 3 to close the gear mounting holes 3a, 3a. At this time, one end of the temporary pinion shaft 20 is inserted into the hole 40b of the one lid member 40, and the other end contacts the inner surface 40a of the lid member 40. Therefore, the pair of pinion gears 7, 7 are reliably positioned so as not to swing inside the differential case 3.

By inserting the push plug 41 from the outside into the hole 40b of the lid member 40, the temporary pinion shaft 20 is pushed completely into the differential case 3, and the spring 22 is contracted to elastically move the temporary pinion shaft 20. It is ready to extend.

Almost in parallel with the insertion process of the push plug 41, as shown in FIG. 4, the rotary jig 30 is inserted from one axle hole 3e, and the groove portion 31a at the tip of the rotary jig 30 is inserted into the temporary pinion shaft 20. Fit with the middle part of. In a state where the rotating jig 30 and the temporary pinion shaft 20 are fitted, the operating handle 31b of the rotating jig 30 is rotated, and the temporary pinion shaft 20 together with the pinion gears 7 and 7 with the axle as the center line is indicated by an arrow A in FIG. Rotate approximately 90 ° in direction.

While the temporary pinion shaft 20 is contracted by the lid member 40 and the push plug 41, the spherical washer 50 moves while sliding from the inner surface 40a of the lid member 40 to the inner surface 3c of the differential case 3. Since the inner surface 40a of the lid member 40 and the inner surface 3c of the differential case 3 are smoothly continuous, the operation handle 31b is provided.
The pair of pinion gears 7, 7 can be easily moved to a fixed position in the differential case 3 simply by rotating.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 5, when the temporary pinion shaft 20 is aligned with the pinion shaft support holes 3b, 3b above and below the differential case 3, the elastic force of the spring 22 causes the temporary pinion along the support pin 21. The shaft 20 extends and both ends thereof are fitted into the pinion shaft support holes 3b, 3b.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the main pinion shaft 6 is inserted into the pinion shaft support hole 3b from the outside of the differential case 3, and the temporary pinion shaft 20 is pushed out of the differential case 3. Since the substantially central portion of the temporary pinion shaft 20 is obliquely divided, the temporary pinion shaft 20 and the main pinion shaft 6 can be smoothly connected without hooking the temporary pinion shaft 20 in the shaft hole 7a or the pinion shaft support hole 3b. Can be replaced. However, at that time, care should be taken so that the insertion hole 6f of the pinion shaft 6 matches the insertion hole 3f of the differential case 3.

Finally, the retaining pin 60 is inserted from the insertion hole 3f of the differential case 3 into the insertion hole 6f of the pinion shaft 6 as shown in FIG.
0 is removed from the differential case 3. In this way, instead of the temporary pinion shaft 20, the main pinion shaft 6 supporting the pair of pinion gears 7, 7 is fixed so as not to fall off from the differential case 3.

According to this embodiment, the temporary pinion shaft 2
By using 0, the pinion gears 7 and 7 are accurately meshed with the side gears 8 and 8 without changing the main configuration of conventional parts, and the pinion shaft 6 is used for the differential case 3 inexpensively and quickly. Can be incorporated into.

By additionally using the rotating jig 30, the temporary pinion shaft 20 can be easily and surely mounted on the inner surface 3 of the differential case 3 together with the pinion gears 7, 7.
It can be moved along c.

By using the lid member 40,
The temporary pinion shaft 20 and the pinion gears 7, 7 can be moved along the inner surface 3c of the differential case 3 while maintaining the meshed state of the pinion gears 7, 7 and the side gears 8, 8 without requiring skill.

The divided parts of the differential case 3 and the shape of the gear mounting hole 3a, and the side gear 8 are provided.
Various types of clutch plates and the like can be used as the clutch plate and the like arranged in the gap between the differential case inner surface 3c and the differential case.

Further, instead of the two-division type temporary pinion shaft 20, one temporary pinion shaft (not shown) having a total length substantially the same as the inner diameter width of the differential case 3 may be used. According to the temporary pinion shaft having this simple structure, the positioning of the both ends of the temporary pinion shaft and the pinion shaft support hole 3b requires a little strictness, but the same operation and effect as those of the above-described embodiment are achieved.

[0048]

As described above, according to the present invention, by using the temporary pinion shaft, the pinion gear, which normally requires skill, can be easily and quickly incorporated into the differential case.

Particularly, when the temporary pinion shaft is elastically expandable and contractable, both ends of the temporary pinion shaft project into and fit into the pinion shaft support holes by themselves, so that the position of the pinion shaft support hole and the shaft hole is aligned. Is extremely easy.

At this time, by using the lid member, it becomes possible to smoothly rotate the pinion gear together with the temporary pinion shaft around the axle center line without changing the meshing state of the pinion gear and the side gear. By using a rotating jig at times, even a person who has no experience in assembling can easily match the positions of the pinion shaft support hole and the shaft hole.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a side view of a differential case in which a pair of side gears are rotatably housed, FIG. 1B is a perspective view of a temporary pinion shaft, a pinion gear, and a spherical washer, and FIG. The shaft is a perspective view, (d) is a perspective view of a rotating jig.

2A is a side view showing a state in which a side gear is engaged with a pinion gear, and FIG. 2B is a side view showing a state in which a temporary pinion shaft is inserted.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a process of attaching the lid member to the differential case.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view showing a state in which a rotary jig is inserted into a differential case and fitted with a temporary pinion shaft.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing a state in which the temporary pinion shaft is rotated by a rotating jig and the pinion gears are arranged above and below in the differential case.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional side view showing a process of inserting the pinion shaft into the differential case and pushing out the temporary pinion shaft.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing a state in which the main pinion shaft replaced with the temporary pinion shaft is fixed with retaining pins.

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of a conventional differential.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Differential 3 Differential Case 3a Pair of Gear Assembly Holes 3b Pinion Shaft Support Hole 3c Inner Surface of Differential Case 3d, 3e Axle Hole 6 Pinion Shaft 7 Pair Pinion Gear 7a Pair Pinion Gear Shaft 7b Rear of Pinion Gear 8 A pair of side gears 20 Temporary pinion shaft 30 Rotating jig 31a Groove 40a Inner surface of lid member 40 Lid member 40 50 Spherical washer X Axle center line

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pair of pinion gears are inserted into a pair of gear mounting holes formed on both sides of an axle center line of a differential case in which a pair of side gears are rotatably housed, and the side gears are connected to each other. Meshing step, aligning the shaft holes of the pair of pinion gears with each other, penetrating the temporary pinion shaft through the shaft hole, rotating the temporary pinion shaft together with the pinion gear about 90 ° around the axle center line, Aligning both ends of the temporary pinion shaft with the pinion shaft support holes of the differential case, and inserting the main pinion shaft into the pinion shaft support holes from the outside of the differential case, the temporary pinion shaft outside the differential case. Assembly of differential with extrusion process Method. 2. The temporary pinion shaft is elastically expandable and contractible, and both ends of the temporary pinion shaft are rotated when the temporary pinion shaft together with the pinion gear is rotated about 90 ° around the axle center line. The method for assembling a differential according to claim 1, wherein the pin is elastically fitted into the pinion shaft support hole. 3. When the temporary pinion shaft is rotated with the pinion gear by about 90 ° around the axle center line, the pair of gear mounting holes have an inner surface that is smoothly continuous with the inner surface of the differential case. The differential assembling method according to claim 2, wherein the lid member is closed. 4. A differential according to claim 1, wherein a rotary jig having a groove portion at a tip end portion of which the intermediate portion of the temporary pinion shaft is detachably fittable is inserted from an axle hole of the differential case. Assembly method.