JPH08199618A - Backhoe working unit - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] In a backhoe equipped with a bucket and a breaker, the orientation of the bucket can be changed to improve workability during crushing. [Structure] The arm bracket 30 is provided with a bucket 20 via a revolving unit 36. The link mechanism 19 is provided with a swing link 27, a bucket link 28, and a bucket arm 29, respectively. The other end 28B of the bucket link 28 is selectively pivoted to the excavation boss 34A and the crushing boss 35 of the bucket arm 29.
Connect via 34. [Effect] At the time of crushing, the pivot 34 is pulled out from the boss 34A for excavation, the bucket 20 is inverted by the revolving unit 36, and the pivot 34 is attached to the boss 35 for crushing. At the time of crushing, the chisel 25 etc. can be seen from the driver's seat without being blocked by the bucket 20.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a working section of a backhoe having an upper and upper revolving structure, which has a boom, a breaker on the tip side via an arm, and a bucket operated by a hydraulic actuator and a link mechanism.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type, a full-scale model 60-
In Japanese Patent No. 186360, as shown in FIG. 15, a boom 3 is provided at a front portion of an upper swing body 2 provided at an upper portion of a crawler vehicle body 1,
A back hoe provided with an arm 4 and further equipped with a breaker 6 having a chisel 5 projecting rotatably on the arm 2 and a bucket 7 integral with the breaker 6 is disclosed. In this conventional technique, the bucket 7 is used when rock is crushed.
The rocker and the like on the ground G are crushed by the chisel 5 while the breaker 6 is driven in a state of undulating toward the driver's seat 2A side of the upper swing body 2. When processing the crushed material, the chisel 5 is once removed, and the boom cylinder 8, the arm cylinder 9, and the breaker / bucket cylinder 10 are operated to perform work such as collecting the crushed material with the bucket 7 and excavating the ground G. ing.

[0003]

In the above prior art, during the crushing work by the breaker 6, the view of the bucket 7 is blocked and it is difficult to see the tip of the chisel 5 from the driver's seat 2A of the upper swing body 2. However, there is a problem in that workability is inferior due to the difficulty in positioning and the like.

Further, for example, when excavating along the wall W, since the bucket 3 is rotated in the direction of the arrow A to excavate, soil remains on the corner side of the wall W. As a result, there was a problem that it was necessary to continue excavation due to human power or the like.

In view of the above, according to the present invention, in the working section of the backhoe having the upper revolving structure which has the boom and the breaker on the tip side via the arm and the bucket operated by the hydraulic actuator and the link mechanism, the upper revolving structure is used during the crushing work by the breaker. The direction of the opening of the bucket is reversed so that the view from the driver's seat to the crushed material or the tip of the chisel is not blocked by the bucket, making it easier to see the tip of the chisel from the driver's seat of the upper revolving superstructure and crushing. Improve workability. It is another object of the present invention to provide a backhoe working unit capable of performing a simple method even when reversing the direction of the bucket.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to claim 1,
In a working section of a backhoe including a boom on an upper swing body, a breaker on a tip side via an arm, and a bucket operated by a hydraulic actuator and a link mechanism, the breaker is provided substantially on the axis of the arm, and the arm is provided. Is provided with the bucket on a deflection axis that is displaced parallel to the axis, and the bucket is provided so as to be rotatable through a revolving unit about either the axis or the deflection axis. It is a working unit of the backhoe, which is characterized by that.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the working portion of the backhoe, the upper revolving structure is provided with a boom, a breaker on the tip side via the arm, and a bucket operated by a hydraulic actuator and a link mechanism. The breaker provided on the axis, the arm bracket provided with a swivel portion on the arm tip end side which is offset from the axis, the bucket rotatably connected to the tip end of the arm bracket, and one end of the arm A swing link that is rotatably connected to the base end of the bracket and the other end is rotatably connected to the rod of the hydraulic actuator, and one end is rotated to the rod of the hydraulic actuator and the other end of the swing link. Freely connect, and selectively rotate the other end to either one of the boss for excavation or the crushing boss provided on the bucket arm of the bucket via a detachable pivot. A working portion of the backhoe, characterized by comprising a bucket link connected to the standing.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in a working section of a backhoe including a boom on the upper revolving structure, a breaker on the tip side via an arm, and a bucket operated by a hydraulic actuator and a link mechanism, the arm is moved up and down. The upper arm and the lower arm are rotatably connected to each other via a swivel unit, the breaker is provided substantially on the axis of the lower arm, and the lower arm is offset from the axis. The working unit of the backhoe is characterized in that the bucket is provided.

[0009]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, at the time of crushing, the direction of the opening of the bucket is reversed by the revolving portion in the direction toward the side opposite to the driver's seat, and the tip of the chisel of the breaker is visually recognized without being obstructed by the bucket. You can do the work.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, at the time of normal excavation, the pivot is attached to the excavation boss and the excavation work is performed with the opening of the bucket toward the driver's seat. On the other hand, at the time of crushing, the pivot is pulled out and provided at the tip of the arm. By reversing the direction of the opening of the bucket toward the direction opposite to the driver's seat by the pivoting part of the arm bracket, the pivot is attached to the crushing boss and the bucket is attached, so that a separate part is not needed. You can change the direction and visually check the breaker to perform crushing work.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, at the time of crushing, the direction of the opening of the bucket is reversed to the side opposite to the driver's seat by the swinging part which swingably connects the upper arm and the lower arm, and the tip of the chisel of the breaker is moved. The crushing work can be performed visually.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1 showing the excavation work, FIG. 2 showing the crushing work, and FIG. 3 showing the excavation work on the wall W side, 11 is a backhoe crawler body, and 12 is rotatably provided on the upper part of the crawler body 11. It is an upper revolving structure equipped with a driver's seat 12A, and a working unit 13 is provided in front of the upper revolving structure 12.
Is installed. The working unit 13 is attached to the upper revolving structure 12 at the tip of a boom 15 which can be lifted and lowered by a boom cylinder 14.
The boom is rotatably provided by an arm cylinder 16.
An arm 17 interposed between 15 and a bucket 20 described later is pivotally mounted, and a bucket 20 which is rotatable via a link mechanism 19 by a bucket cylinder 18 which is a hydraulic actuator is attached to the tip end side of the arm 17. Installed. still,
A bracket 17C is fixed to the upper portion of the arm 17, and the tip of the arm cylinder 16 is pivotally attached to the bracket 17C.
The bucket cylinder 18 is pivotally attached by 16A and
Has its base end pivotally connected via a pivot 18B. Also in the figure,
21 is a boom axis and 22 is an arm axis.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 showing a state during excavation work, FIG. 6 showing a state during crushing work, and FIG. 7 showing other crushing states, a breaker 23 is provided on the arm 17.
Is provided substantially coaxially with the axis 17A which is the center line with respect to the width of the arm 17. The arm 17 is formed by arranging steel plates so as to have a rectangular cross section, and the breaker 23 is fixed to the hollow portion formed inside the arm 17 by welding or bolts (not shown). The breaker 23 includes a fluid pressure drive unit 24 and a chisel 25 projecting downward from the fluid pressure drive unit 24, and an impact piston (not shown) provided in the fluid pressure drive unit 24 impacts the chisel 25. Is added. The chisel 25 is inserted from a chisel insertion hole 26 formed in the lower portion of the arm 17 and is detachably connected to the fluid pressure drive unit 24. In the embodiment, the breaker 23 is built in the arm 17 in which the steel plate is arranged so as to have a rectangular cross section. However, for example, the arm bracket 30 is directly fixed to the upper portion of the breaker 23 itself and the lower portion of the bracket 17C. The breaker 23 may also serve as an arm.

Next, the link mechanism 19 will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 10 show a state during excavation work. The link mechanism 19 is a pair of left and right swing links.
27, a bucket link 28, and a pair of left and right bucket arms 29 provided on the back surface of the bucket 20. The swing link 27 and the bucket arm 29 are provided on both sides of the chisel 25 attached to the chisel insertion hole 26. The chisel 25 is provided in each of the left and right swing links.
It can be mounted by penetrating between 27 and bucket arm 29. The arm bracket 30 is displaced from the axis 17A of the arm 17 and is displaced from the axis 17A.
A revolving unit 36 centering on 30A is provided. The revolving portion 36 vertically divides the arm bracket 30 provided at the lower portion of the arm 17 into an arm bracket base end portion 30B and an arm bracket tip end portion 30C, and both of them are connected shafts on the deviation axis 30A. It is rotatably connected by 37. These connecting shafts 37 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the outer circumference, respectively, and on the lower groove 37.
A and 37B are formed and are locked in the upper groove 37A by a pair of upper bolts 37C penetrating the arm bracket base end 30B, and in the lower groove 37B a pair of lower bolts penetrating the arm bracket tip 30C. It is locked by 37D.

Then, the pivot 31 is inserted into the boss 29A formed at the tip of the bucket arm 29 and the boss 31A formed at the tip 30C of the arm bracket, and a pin (not shown) is provided at the tip of the boss 31A to pull it out. Stopped, the bucket arm 29 is rotatably connected to the arm bracket 30. It should be noted that pins (not shown) are provided at the tips of the other pivots after the attachment to prevent them from coming off. Further, one end 27A of the swing link 27 is rotatably connected to the arm bracket base end 30B by a pivot 32 penetrating a boss 32A provided in the arm bracket base end 30B. Further, the other end 27B of the swing link 27 is pivotally connected to the tip of the rod 18A of the bucket cylinder 18 and one end 28A of the bucket link 28 via a pivot 33. On the other hand, the other end 28B of the bucket link 28 is rotatably provided via a pivot 34 that is inserted into an excavation boss 34A formed substantially in the center on the back side of the bucket arm 29.
Incidentally, 35 is a link mechanism at the time of crushing as shown in FIG. 6 described later.
Reference numeral 18B denotes a crushing boss provided in the front center of the bucket arm 29 for attaching the crushing arm 19, and 18B denotes a pivot of the bucket cylinder 18.

Next, the operation of the above structure will be described. At the time of normal excavation shown in FIGS. 1, 4, 5, and 8 to 10, the arm 17 having the fluid pressure drive unit 24 built therein is provided.
With the chisel 25 not attached to the boom cylinder 14,
The arm cylinder 16 and the bucket cylinder 18 are actuated to direct the opening 20A toward the driver's seat 12A, and the bucket 20 causes the ground G to move.
Can be drilled.

Next, switching from the above-mentioned excavated state to the crushing work by the breaker 23 shown in FIGS. 2 and 6 will be described. First, the pivot 34 of the boss 34A for excavation is pulled out from the excavation work state of FIG. 1 etc. In this state, the bucket 20 is suspended from the arm bracket 30 by the pivot 31. Next, the bucket is swung by the swivel unit 36 around the deviation axis 30A.
20 is rotated to change the direction of the opening 20A of the bucket 20 to the direction opposite to that of the upper swing body 12, that is, to reverse the direction. And
The other end 28B of the bucket link 28, which has been a free end, is rotatably connected to the crushing boss 35 by the pivot 34 again. In this state, the boss 34A is not used. Then, the bucket cylinder 18 is driven to make the opening 20A of the bucket 20 face upward by the link mechanism 19, and the chisel 25 is inserted and set in the chisel insertion hole 26.

Therefore, as shown in FIG.
When the crushing work is performed, the fluid pressure drive unit 24 is operated to apply a shock to the chisel 25 by a striking piston (not shown) provided inside, so that the ground G is crushed.
At this time, since the bucket 20 is located on the opposite side of the driver's seat 12A, the crushing work can be visually performed from the driver's seat 12A without the bucket 20 hindering the chisel 25 and the crushing place.

When the bucket 20 is to be excavated along the wall W as shown in FIG. 3, the chisel 25 is removed from the chisel insertion hole 26 from the state shown in FIG.
The excavation work can be performed along the wall W by driving the arm cylinder 16 and the bucket cylinder 18 to rotate the bucket 20. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the chisel 25 is inserted into the chisel insertion hole 26 through the pair of bucket links 28 and the bucket arms 29 from the state shown in FIG. 1 and attached, and the breaker 23 is operated to perform the crushing work. You can also do

As described above, in the first embodiment, the breaker 23 in which the chisel 25 is detachably provided at the tip of the arm 17 is provided.
In the working part of the backhoe provided with the bucket 20 operated by the bucket cylinder 18 and the link mechanism 19, the breaker 23 is provided substantially on the axis 17A of the arm 17, and the axis 17A is parallel to the driver's seat 12A in the opposite direction. An arm bracket 30 is provided on the displaced deviation axis 30A, and the arm bracket 30 is provided with a swivel part 36 about the deviation axis 30A.
Is provided and the bucket 20 is provided through a link mechanism 19 that selectively connects the pivot 34 to the boss 34A for excavation and the boss 35 for crushing.
In addition to the normal excavation work with the bucket 20 with the 20A facing the driver's seat 12A, during the crushing work with the breaker 23 with the bucket 20 turned upside down as shown in FIG. The bucket 20 can visually recognize the chisel 25 from the driver's seat 12A without obstructing the field of view, and the crushing work can be improved. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, the excavation work using the bucket 20 shown in FIG.
In addition to the crushing work by the breaker 23 shown in
Can be excavated by turning to the side opposite to the driver's seat 12A and excavating along the wall W.

In the first embodiment, the bucket 20 shown in FIG.
2 is switched to the crushing work by the breaker 23 shown in FIG. 2, the pivot 34 provided on the boss 34A for excavation is removed to free the other end 28B of the bucket link 28, and then the swivel unit 36 is used to rotate the bucket 20. The direction of the bucket 20 can be changed only by inserting the pivot 34 into the other end 28B and the boss 35 of the bucket arm 29 after changing the direction of the opening 20A. Therefore, when changing the direction of the bucket 20, the bucket 20 can be manufactured inexpensively without the need for a separate component, and the switching operation can be easily performed.

As described above, instead of the arm 17 formed of a steel plate having the fluid pressure drive unit 24 built therein as in the first embodiment, for example, the pivot 16A is provided above the fluid drive unit 24 of the breaker 23. The pivot 18B and the arm pivot 22 are provided, and the breaker is provided at the side of the chisel insertion hole 26 at the lower part of the fluid drive unit 24.
An arm bracket 30 for disposing the pivot 31 of the bucket 20 may be formed on a displacement axis that is displaced parallel to the axis of 23, and the fluid drive unit 24 may also serve as an arm. Axis 16A, Axis 18B and Arm Axis 22 on top
The arm bracket 30 having the pivot shaft 31 and the pivot shaft 32 disposed integrally therewith on the displacement axis deviated from the axis of the breaker 23 may be formed integrally with the lower part of the fluid drive unit 24 to serve also as an arm.

11 to 14 show a second embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In the second embodiment, the arm 17 is vertically divided into two parts, the boom 15 and the arm cylinder 16 are connected to the upper arm 41, and the bucket cylinder 18, the bucket 20, and the fluid pressure drive unit 24 of the breaker 23 are connected to the lower arm 42.
Is provided. A swivel portion 43 is provided at a connecting portion between the upper arm 41 and the lower arm 42. As shown in FIG. 13, an outer ring 44 is provided on the lower part of the upper arm 41, and a hemispherical recess 45 is provided on the inside of the swivel part 43 over the entire circumference. On the other hand, an inner ring 46 fitted to the outer ring 44 is provided above the lower arm 42, and a hemispherical recess 47 is provided outside the inner ring 46 corresponding to the recess 45. A steel ball 48 is interposed between the recess 45 and the recess 47, and the outer ring 47 and the inner ring 46 are pivotally connected to each other. Further, an internal gear 49 is provided inside the inner ring 46, and a pinion 50 that meshes with the internal gear 49 is provided above the outer ring 44.
And the pinion 50 is driven by a hydraulic motor 51 mounted on the outer ring 44 side.

Therefore, when the hydraulic motor 51 is operated to rotate the pinion 50, the internal gear that meshes with the pinion 50
The 49 rotates with the lower arm 42 and the orientation of the bucket 20 can be changed. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 11, the opening 20A is directed toward the driver's seat (not shown), and the normal bucket 20 is used for excavation work. On the other hand, during the crushing work, as shown in FIG. 12, the swing mechanism 43 directs the opening 20A of the bucket 20 toward the driver's seat (not shown), and the arm cylinder 16 is actuated so that the bucket 20 faces upward and the chisel 25 moves. It can be crushed by inserting it into the chisel insertion hole 26 and attaching it. At this time, the chisel 25 can be visually recognized from the driver's seat 12A without being blocked by the bucket 20, and the crushing work can be improved. Further, when the chisel 25 is removed from this state, it is possible to perform excavation work along a wall (not shown) with the bucket 20 in a desired direction.

As described above, the arm 17 is the upper arm.
41 and a lower arm 42, which are divided into two parts, and are rotatably provided by a swivel part 43 about an axis 17A thereof, and further, a breaker 23 is provided about the axis 17A, which is displaced from the axis 17A. Since the arm bracket 30 is provided on the deviation axis 30A, the bucket 20 can be rotated in a desired direction by the revolving unit 43 to perform work such as excavation and crushing.

Further, the revolving unit 43 includes an internal gear 49 and a hydraulic motor.
By meshing with the pinion 50 operated by 51, the bucket 20 can be oriented in a desired direction, and any direction can be accommodated.

Further, since the rocking link 27, the bucket link 28, and the bucket arm 29 are provided in pairs on both sides of the chisel 25 of the breaker 23, the bucket 20 does not become an obstacle during the crushing work by the chisel 25. I can work.

[0028]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the working section of the backhoe, the upper revolving structure is provided with a boom, the breaker on the tip side via the arm, and the bucket operated by the hydraulic actuator and the link mechanism. The breaker is provided substantially on the axis of the, and the bucket is provided on the deflection axis which is displaced in parallel with the axis on the arm, and the bucket has either the axis or the deflection axis. It is a working part of the backhoe characterized by being provided so as to be freely rotatable through a swiveling part centered around the center of the bucket so that the bucket does not block the view of the crushed material or the tip of the chisel during excavation work by a breaker. The tip of the chisel can be easily seen from the driver's seat of the upper revolving structure by reversing, improving the crushing workability and excavating along the wall etc. And it can also be.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in a working portion of a backhoe including a boom on the upper revolving structure, a breaker on the tip side via an arm, and a bucket operated by a hydraulic actuator and a link mechanism, the arm of the backhoe is substantially formed. The breaker provided on the axis, the arm bracket provided with a swivel portion on the arm tip end side which is offset from the axis, the bucket rotatably connected to the tip end of the arm bracket, and one end of the arm A swing link that is rotatably connected to the base end of the bracket and the other end is rotatably connected to the rod of the hydraulic actuator, and one end is rotated to the rod of the hydraulic actuator and the other end of the swing link. Freely connect, and selectively rotate the other end to either one of the boss for excavation or the crushing boss provided on the bucket arm of the bucket via a detachable pivot. A working portion of the backhoe, characterized by comprising a bucket link connected to the stationary,
By rotating the direction of the bucket by the swivel unit and selectively attaching pivots to the boss for digging and the boss for crushing, the bucket does not block the view of the crushed material or the tip of the chisel during the digging work by the breaker. By reversing the direction of, the tip of the chisel can be easily seen from the driver's seat of the upper swing body, and the crushing workability can be improved. Further, it is possible to provide a backhoe working unit which does not require a separate part, can be worked by a simple method, and can be excavated along a wall or the like.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the arm is moved up and down in a working section of a backhoe including a boom on the upper revolving structure, a breaker on the tip side via an arm, and a bucket operated by a hydraulic actuator and a link mechanism. The upper arm and the lower arm are rotatably connected to each other via a swivel unit, the breaker is provided substantially on the axis of the lower arm, and the lower arm is offset from the axis. It is a working unit of the backhoe characterized by providing the bucket, and since the turning unit can be operated to change the direction of the bucket, the crushed material or the tip of the chisel blocks the view of the bucket during excavation work by the breaker. The direction of the bucket is reversed so that the tip of the chisel can be easily seen from the driver's seat of the upper revolving structure to prevent crushing work. Enhanced, it can also be drilled along a wall or the like.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall front view of a first embodiment of the present invention during excavation.

FIG. 2 is an overall front view at the time of crushing.

FIG. 3 is an overall front view of the other excavator.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a main part of the same excavation.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a main part of the excavation.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a main part at the time of crushing.

FIG. 7 is a front view of the other main part at the time of crushing.

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the link mechanism.

FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway front view of the link mechanism.

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the turning portion.

FIG. 11 is a front view of the second embodiment of the present invention during excavation.

FIG. 12 is a front view of the same when crushing.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view of the turning mechanism.

FIG. 14 is a partially cutaway front view of the link mechanism.

FIG. 15 is a front view showing a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 12 Upper revolving structure 13 Working part 15 Boom 17 Arm 17A Axis 18 Bucket cylinder (hydraulic actuator) 18A Rod 19 Link mechanism 20 Bucket 23 Breaker 27 Swing link 27A One end 27B Other end 28 Bucket link 28A One end 28B Other end 29 Bucket arm 30 Arm bracket 30A Deflection axis 34 Axis 34A Excavation boss 35 Crushing boss 36 Revolving part 41 Upper arm 42 Lower arm 43 Revolving part

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. In a working portion of a backhoe including a boom on an upper revolving structure, a breaker on a tip side via an arm, and a bucket operated by a hydraulic actuator and a link mechanism, the breaker is provided substantially on the axis of the arm. The arm is provided with the bucket on an eccentric axis that is eccentric to the axis, and the bucket is provided with a swivel portion about either the axis or the eccentric axis. The backhoe working unit is characterized by being installed so that it can be turned freely. 2. In a working section of a backhoe including a boom on an upper revolving structure, a breaker on a tip side via an arm, and a bucket operated by a hydraulic actuator and a link mechanism, the backhoe is provided substantially on the axis of the arm. A breaker, an arm bracket eccentric to the axis and provided with a swivel portion on the arm tip side, a bucket rotatably connected to the tip portion of the arm bracket, and one end of the arm bracket at the base end portion of the arm bracket. An oscillating link that is rotatably connected and the other end is rotatably connected to the rod of the hydraulic actuator; one end is rotatably connected to the rod of the hydraulic actuator and the other end of the oscillating link; A bucket whose end is selectively and rotatably connected to either one of an excavation boss and a crushing boss provided on the bucket arm of the bucket via a detachable pivot shaft. A working unit of a backhoe, which is equipped with a link. 3. In a working portion of a backhoe including a boom on an upper swing body, a breaker on a tip side via an arm, and a bucket operated by a hydraulic actuator and a link mechanism, the arm is vertically divided into two parts, and The upper arm and the lower arm are rotatably connected to each other via a swivel unit, the breaker is provided substantially on the axis of the lower arm, and the bucket is provided on the lower arm so as to be offset from the axis. The working unit of the backhoe, which is characterized by that.