JPH08200735A - Housing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent the temperature irregularity of a residence space and to provide a healthy residence environment without heat shock by providing an earthen-floor heater for heating the air in an underfloor space, and further providing a space in a wall between an outer wall heat insulation layer and an inner wall. CONSTITUTION: The external air is passed through a heat exchanger 21, discharged to an underfloor space 3, heated by an earthen-floor heater 8, applied by a pressure by the supply of the air from the exchanger 21 and raised in a space 7 in a wall in winter. It is moved to a residence space 2 through a garret space 1 and a vent port 18. The air moved to the space 2 is diffused and discharged to the exterior via an air outlet 20 and the exchanger 21. When a cooler is operated in summer, the air is ventilated via the exchanger 21. An underfloor ventilation port 25 is opened at night when the exterior becomes cool, and the air is moved via the exterior, the underfloor space 3, the space 2 and the exchanger 21. Thus, the temperature irregularity of the space 2 is prevented to efficiently cool or heat.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a house in which a soil heating device and an air cycle system are added to a house which is highly airtight and has high heat insulation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional house, a heat insulating material is arranged on a wall or the like to improve the habitability, and the heat in and out of the house is cut off.

[0003]

However, heating in such a house is performed by using a heater such as a stove in a living space. In this case, the closer to the heat source, the warmer it is.
There is a temperature distribution in which the temperature becomes lower as the distance increases, and the temperature distribution becomes lower in the vicinity of the ceiling and warmer in the vicinity of the floor. To solve this problem, excessive heating is performed, which leads to deterioration of the indoor environment.

Further, in this case, since the heating is local,
There was the disadvantage of heat shock accompanying the movement between rooms. Moreover, in this case, the living space is often made airtight, and it is necessary to ventilate the dirty air generated in the living space, and there is a drawback that heat is released to the outside with this ventilation. . Furthermore, in summer, there is a disadvantage that heat is easily trapped in the living space due to the heat insulation structure and airtightness. Especially at night, you cannot open the security window,
There was a disadvantage that the heat was trapped.

[0005]

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention heats the air in the underfloor space in the earth heating section to heat the living space from the floor surface and to warm it. By heating the living space through the inner wall when the rising air raises the inner space by the rising force, temperature unevenness of the living space is prevented, and the air rising in the inner space directly under the window is prevented. The heating from the inner wall surface is made almost uniform by preventing the stagnation of air in the wall inner space while improving the heating effect by putting it in the living space.

Also, a heat exchanger is arranged at an arbitrary position in the house,
The heat exchanger is connected to an exhaust port arranged at least at one place in the living space and the underfloor space to release the air in the living space to the outside through the heat exchanger, and the outside air through the heat exchanger. By releasing the air into the underfloor space, the ventilation of the house and the rising force of the air in the wall space are promoted, and the underfloor ventilation port provided in the underfloor space is opened in the summer, and the heat exchanger is installed inside the house. It proposes a house that can ventilate and release heat without opening the windows by making it function only to release air.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A house according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are explanatory views showing a typical embodiment of the house A, in which FIG. 1 particularly shows the state of the house A in winter and FIG. 2 shows the state of the house A in summer. Further, 1 is a space behind the hut, 2 is a living space, and 3 is an underfloor space, which is an internal space of the house A divided by a ceiling 15 and a floor 16, respectively. Reference numeral 4 denotes a heat insulating layer which blocks at least heat from entering and exiting from the inside and outside of the house A, and secondarily has soundproofness, airtightness, and fireproofness.

More specifically, the heat insulating layer 4 is composed of a roof heat insulating layer 5 and an outer wall heat insulating layer 6, each of which has a board shape, a mat shape, a sheet shape, or a roof material and an outer wall material which are integrated with each other. Is. Examples of the former, polystyrene board, polyurethane board, polyisocyanurate foam board, sheathing board, sheathing insulation board, wood chip cement board, wood wool cement board, glass wool mat, etc., or a composite board of these, etc. A roof is formed by arranging a metal roofing material, a tile, etc. on the surface, and an outer wall is formed by arranging a metal panel, a tile, a ceramic panel, an ALC plate and the like. In addition to this, it is also possible to spray the raw material of the synthetic resin foam on site and foam it to form the heat insulating layer 4.

Further, as the latter example, a panel in which a surface material, a heat insulating core material and, if necessary, a back surface material are integrally formed,
An ALC exterior panel, a wood chip cement panel, a wood wool cement panel, etc. are provided on the main pillars, studs, and other frames to form the outer wall heat insulating layer 6 and the roof heat insulating layer 5.

Reference numeral 7 denotes an inner space of the wall, which is an outer wall heat insulating layer 6 and an inner wall 17.
It is provided between the inside of the attic space 1 and the underfloor space 3 and is a space in which air flows by natural convection or the like, and from the inner wall 17 surface by the air heated by the earth heating part 8 in winter. It is useful for heating the living space 2. In addition, in the summer season, the outside air taken in from the underfloor ventilation port 25 serves as a route for flowing into the living space 2.

The soil heating unit 8 heats the underfloor space 3 in winter and blocks infiltration of moisture from the ground. This soil heating section 8 is, as shown in FIG. 3 (a) and (b) extracted and shown, a soil heat insulating layer 9, a concrete layer 10,
The heat medium pipe 11 and the granular material 12 are used.

To explain further, the soil heat insulating layer 9 is
Rigid plastic foam such as polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, phenol foam, etc., having closed cell foaming structure and a compressive strength of about 30 to 100 kg / cubic meter, or at least one of ALC board, wood chip cement board, wood wool cement board, etc. It has a thickness of about 10 to 100 mm.

The soil heat insulating layer 9 is for preventing the heat from being released to the ground when heating the soil through a heat medium such as hot water in the heat medium pipe 11. When the soil heat insulating layer 9 is made of a hard plastic foam having a closed cell foam structure or the like, it has moisture resistance and moisture from the ground does not enter the house A.
When using a wettable material such as wood wool cement board,
It is preferable that the moisture-proof sheet 9a is laid as shown by a chain double-dashed line or in the middle (not shown) between the soil heat insulating layer 9 and the concrete layer 10.

The concrete layer 10 is a heat medium pipe 1
It functions as a heat storage material for heat from 1 and underfloor space 3
It functions as a heat radiating part for uniformly warming the air inside. The concrete layer 10 can be formed by pouring fresh concrete or using a PC board.

The heat medium pipe 11 is, for example, as shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 3, it is laid on the concrete layer 10 for piping, and it is preferable that the heat source 13 and the entrance / exit of the granular material 12 are covered with the heat insulating material 14.
The heat medium pipe 11 is made of a copper pipe, a plastic pipe, or the like, and heats the soil by passing a heat medium such as an antifreeze liquid or a heat medium gas inside.

On the concrete layer 10, a granular material 12 is distributed so that the heat medium pipe 11 is embedded,
It is provided. The granular material 12 is composed of, for example, one or more kinds of sand, silica sand, pebbles, and various inorganic particles, and the concrete layer 10 and the heat medium pipe 11 are expanded by increasing the surface area by overlapping the granular materials.
The heat from is quickly radiated, and in particular, the start-up time of starting the soil heating unit 8 is shortened.

To further explain, the air in the underfloor space 3 heated by the soil heating section 8 heats the living space 2 from the floor 15 surface, and at the same time, the ascending force of the heating heats the interior space 7 of the wall. To the attic space 1. At this time, the living space 2 is heated via the inner wall 17.
Therefore, in the living space 2, heating is performed from the side of the floor 16 and the inner wall 17, and the heating is performed substantially uniformly. Moreover, since the entire living space 2 in the house A is heated, the temperature of each room becomes uniform, heat shock can be prevented, and the living space 2 becomes comfortable.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a vent, which is a space 7 inside the wall and a living space 2
This is for communicating with and to take in a part of the air rising in the wall space 7 into the living space 2. More specifically, the ventilation hole 18 is provided in the lower part of the window 19, and the air heated in the soil heating unit 8 is directly taken into the living space 2 and the air rising in the wall space 7 is raised by the window 19. And the warm air can efficiently flow into the living space 2 and at the same time prevent the air flow from stagnating.
This is for preventing temperature unevenness of the inner wall 17.

Further, by providing the ventilation port 18 under the window 19, cold flash (the window which is the weak point of heat insulation is cooled by cold outside air, and near the window in the room,
It prevents the cold wind from convection from the ceiling to the floor). It should be noted that it is possible to incorporate a louver, an opening / closing mechanism, a fan, etc. in the vent hole 18, and it is preferable to use a material having a high heat insulating property such as pair glass, triple glass, etc. for the window 19 and a plastic sash for the sash. .

Reference numeral 20 denotes an exhaust port, which is provided at least at one location at a ceiling 15 portion located substantially in the center of the house A, that is, at a position substantially symmetrical to the ventilation port 18, and the pipe 2
It is connected to the heat exchanger 21 by 2. The exhaust port 20 is for exhausting the dirty air generated in the living space 2, and the ventilation is performed by forming the living space 2 together with the ventilation port 18 as one path of air circulation.

Further, since the ventilation port 18 and the exhaust port 20 are formed in the symmetrical portion of the living space 2, the ventilation in the living space 2 can be made uniform, and the air circulation path is substantially linear, which is reliable. Moreover, the living space 2 can be ventilated, and contaminated air is not trapped inside the room.

The heat exchanger 21 includes an attic 1 and an underfloor 3
Etc. are arranged at arbitrary positions in the house A, and heat is exchanged between the air discharged from the living space 2 to the outside in the winter and the air taken into the house A from the outside, and in the summer. This is for discharging the air in the living space 2. In the figure, the heat exchanger 21 is arranged in the attic space 1 located in the central portion of the house A, so that the exhaust port 20 and the heat exchanger 21 of each living space 2 in the house A are The distance is shortened and the length of the pipe 22 connecting them can be shortened, which saves cost and installation space.

The air taken in through the heat exchanger 21 is discharged to the underfloor space 3 by the pipe 23. This is because the air in the underfloor space 3 is heated by the soil heating unit 8 and raises the air 7 in the wall, which promotes this raising force and supplies fresh air to the living space 2 through the ventilation holes 18. This is because. A fan (not shown) may be provided in the exhaust port 20, the heat exchanger 21, or the pipes 22 and 23.

Further, a dispersion duct 24 as shown in FIGS. 6, 7 (a) and 7 (b) is attached to the underfloor space 3 side of the pipe 23, and the external air taken in through the heat exchanger 21 is discharged. Is preferably performed over a wide range.

That is, in FIG. 6, a pipe-shaped member made of metal or plastic is formed into an antenna shape or a spiral shape, which is not shown, and has a slit 24a having a square shape, a circular shape, an oval shape or the like. is there. See also FIG.
(A) and (b) are materials having voids composed of a communicating structure,
For example, fiber materials such as glass fiber, plastic fiber, mineral fiber, metal fiber, polyurethane foam having an open cell structure, synthetic resin foam such as polyurea foam, porous ceramics, etc., cross-section ring shape, square shape property,
It is formed in a pipe shape such as a triangular shape or a polygonal shape, and is arranged as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b).

In this case, the void of the communicating tissue is the slit 24.
Since the function of a is fulfilled, uniform suction and discharge can be performed.

Reference numeral 25 denotes an underfloor ventilation opening having at least an opening / closing mechanism, which is normally closed in winter to prevent external air from directly flowing into the underfloor space 3, and is opened in the summer to take in external air into the underfloor space 3. It is intended to be possible. A fan may be built in the underfloor ventilation port 25.

Reference numeral 26 denotes a sensor / control panel, which is provided in at least one room of the living space 2 in the house A, senses the temperature and humidity of the indoor space 2, and sets the temperature arbitrarily set by a human. Depending on the humidity, turn on / off the soil heating unit 8 and the heat exchanger 21, adjust the ventilation amount,
The underfloor ventilation port 25 is automatically opened and closed, and these devices are forcibly turned on and off.

It is also possible to dispose the air collecting duct 27 in the attic space 1 and discharge the air in the attic space 1 together with the air in the living space 2 to the outside through the heat exchanger 21.

Here, the flow of air will be briefly described. First, in the winter, as shown in FIG. 1, the air taken in from the outside is discharged to the underfloor space 3 through the heat exchanger 21. In the underfloor space 3, pressure is applied by the heating by the earth heating unit 8 and the supply of air from the heat exchanger 21, so the space inside the wall 7 rises and passes through the attic space 1 and the ventilation hole 18 to create a living space. Move to 2. The air that has moved to the living space 2 diffuses and is finally discharged to the outside through the exhaust port 20 and the heat exchanger 21. In addition, heat is exchanged between the air taken in from the outside by the heat exchanger 21 and the air released to the outside.

In the summer, when a cooling device such as an air conditioner is operating in the living space 2, ventilation is performed via the heat exchanger 21 as shown in FIG. In addition, after the outside becomes cool at night, the underfloor ventilation port 25 is opened, and as shown in FIG. 2, the air is moved from the outside to the underfloor space 3 to the living space 2 to the heat exchanger 21 to the outside. Is.

[0032]

As described above, according to the house of the present invention, the conventional drawbacks are solved and the heat insulating layer is formed on the outer wall and the roof, so that cooling and heating can be efficiently performed. The soil heating unit heats the living space from the side of the floor surface and the inner wall surface, which enables uniform heating. The soil heating section heats the entire house, creating a healthy environment without heat shock. Since the space inside the wall and the living space are connected by a ventilation port, the air heated by the earth heating unit can be directly taken into the living space and used for heating, which enables efficient heating.

Further, since the ventilation port is provided under the window, air does not become stagnant in the space inside the wall, and heating from the inner wall surface can be performed uniformly. The living space can be ventilated and the habitability is improved. Ventilation is performed via a heat exchanger, so heating can be performed efficiently. Since the outside air taken in through the heat exchanger is released to the underfloor space, the rise of the air can be promoted and the heating from the inner wall surface can be made more uniform. In summer, outside air can be taken into the underfloor space and into the living space through the underfloor ventilation openings, so that natural cooling can be performed without opening the windows at night, and crime prevention is safe. The living space can be ventilated even in the summer.

Further, it is possible to block the infiltration of moisture from the soil, and it is possible to make the house durable. By providing the ventilation hole under the window, it is possible to prevent cold flash, prevent air from efficiently flowing into the living space and stagnant, and prevent uneven temperature on the inner wall. Since the ventilation port and the exhaust port are formed in the symmetrical portion of the living space, the ventilation in the living space can be made uniform, and the air circulation path is substantially linear, so that the ventilation in the living space can be reliably performed. Contaminated air will not be trapped inside the room. Since the granular material is arranged in the soil heating unit, the surface area for radiating heat can be increased, and the rise time of soil heating can be significantly shortened. There are characteristics and effects.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of a house according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a typical example of a house according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a soil heating unit that constitutes a house according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example of a heat medium pipe constituting a house according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an example of a heat medium pipe constituting a house according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a dispersion duct that constitutes a house according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a dispersion duct that constitutes a house according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a dispersion duct that constitutes a house according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A House 1 Back space 2 Residential space 3 Underfloor space 4 Insulation layer 5 Roof insulation layer 6 Outer wall insulation layer 7 In-wall space 8 Dirt heating part 9 Dirt insulation layer 9a Moisture-proof sheet 10 Concrete layer 11 Heat medium pipe 12 Granules 13 Heat source 14 Heat insulating material 15 Ceiling 16 Floor 17 Inner wall 18 Vent 19 Window 20 Exhaust 21 Heat exchanger 22 Pipe 23 Pipe 24 Dispersing duct 24a Slit 25 Underfloor ventilation 26 Sensor / control panel 27 Air collecting duct

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A house comprising an attic space, a living space, and an underfloor space, wherein the attic space and the underfloor space are connected to each other by an inner wall and an inner space between the outer walls, and a roof surrounding the space, A heat insulating layer is formed on the outer wall, a soil layer in the underfloor space, a concrete layer is laminated on the soil insulating layer, and
A heat medium pipe is laid on the concrete layer, the heat medium pipe is embedded with a granular material, and a heat medium is passed through the heat medium pipe to serve as an earth heating unit, and a wall is provided under the window of the inner wall. We arrange a vent that connects the interior space and the living space,
Further, in the living space, and by disposing an exhaust port in the ceiling portion located substantially in the center of the house, and connecting the exhaust port and the heat exchanger arranged in the house, Air is released to the outside via a heat exchanger, while outside air is released to the underfloor space via the heat exchanger, and
A house characterized in that an underfloor ventilation opening having an opening / closing mechanism is formed in the underfloor space.