JPH08224048A - Biodegradable seeding and raising pot - Google Patents
Biodegradable seeding and raising potInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08224048A JPH08224048A JP7053733A JP5373395A JPH08224048A JP H08224048 A JPH08224048 A JP H08224048A JP 7053733 A JP7053733 A JP 7053733A JP 5373395 A JP5373395 A JP 5373395A JP H08224048 A JPH08224048 A JP H08224048A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pot
- soil
- mixture
- biodegradable
- pots
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920003232 aliphatic polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 60
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 101100298225 Caenorhabditis elegans pot-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241001072909 Salvia Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000017276 Salvia Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000000000 soil microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001453636 Salvinia Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001617 migratory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は土中に分解還元する播種
育苗用ポットに係り、特に播種から育苗段階にかけて土
壌に直接、ポットごと移植しても植物成長に良く、移植
土壌にも順化することの可能な、好適な生分解性播種育
苗用のポットに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pot for seeding and raising seeds that decomposes and reduces in soil, and is particularly good for plant growth when transplanted directly to the soil from the seeding stage to the seedling raising stage, and also adapted to transplanted soil. The present invention relates to a suitable pot for biodegradable sowing seedlings that can be used.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に園芸用苗は、尻丸鉢、山草鉢と呼
ぶ陶器製や素焼き製の小型の鉢（以下、仮鉢という）に
一時的に適量の用土と共に、１本毎に納めて播種、育苗
を行い、その状態で市販し、適切な時期に鉢から取り出
して土壌に移植してきた。その他の仮鉢には、ポリエチ
レンのフィルム材料から鉢形に成形したポリポットがあ
り、それは素焼き製仮鉢などより軽量で水を通さず、錆
びず腐らないという特長があった。なおポリポットの大
きさは、外径５０−１５０ｍｍ、厚さ０．２−０．４ｍ
ｍである。これらを仮鉢２ａと仮称する。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, horticultural seedlings are temporarily placed in small pots (hereinafter referred to as "temporary pots") made of pottery or unglazed pots called "jirimaru pots" and "mountain pots" together with a suitable amount of soil. Seeds were sown and seedlings were raised, marketed in that state, taken out of the pots and transplanted to soil at the appropriate time. Other temporary pots include poly pots formed from polyethylene film material in the shape of pots, which are lighter in weight than immortal pots such as unglazed pots, impervious to water, and do not rust or rot. The size of the plastic pot is 50-150 mm in outer diameter and 0.2-0.4 m in thickness.
m. These are tentatively called a temporary bowl 2a.
【０００３】図５（Ａ）に示すように、仮鉢２ａで育苗
した苗１は、培養土５の中で成長するにつれ、伸びた根
が穴６から飛び出るほか側部へ伸びる根は、壁に突き当
たって回遊する現象が生じ、水の蒸発のバランスを損な
う場合には根腐れが生じる不具合があった。そこで適当
な時期に苗１を鉢体７から取り出して、さらに広いプラ
ンタ−や大形の鉢、あるいは土壌に直接移植するように
していた。As shown in FIG. 5 (A), as the seedlings 1 grown in the temporary pot 2a grow in the culture soil 5, the roots that extend out protrude from the holes 6 and the roots that extend to the side are There was a problem that root rot occurred when water struck and wandered, impairing the balance of water evaporation. Therefore, the seedlings 1 were taken out of the pots 7 at an appropriate time and transplanted directly to wider planters, large pots, or soil.
【０００４】一方、回遊現象を解決する試みとして、図
５（Ｂ）に示すように、ココナツファイバ−を素材とし
て、内側と外側が透過状態になる鉢体７に形成した仮鉢
２ｂが作られた。仮鉢２ｂに植えられた苗１は、側壁か
らも根を伸ばし、水の蒸発も損なうことが無かったの
で、根腐れ現象もなくなった。On the other hand, in an attempt to solve the migratory phenomenon, as shown in FIG. 5B, a temporary pot 2b made of a coconut fiber is formed in the pot body 7 in which the inside and the outside are in a transparent state. It was The seedlings 1 planted in the temporary pot 2b did not grow roots even from the side walls, and the evaporation of water was not impaired, so that the root rot phenomenon disappeared.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら仮鉢２ｂ
は、輸入材から作るので入手難やコスト安定性に問題点
を持ち、また繊維素材という制約から、クッション状に
成形するので壁厚が厚くなって、外形に比べて内容量が
少なく、仕上がり表面に凹凸多く、形状のバラツキが激
しい。致命的な点は、仮鉢２ｂが軽いので苗が育つに従
い転倒し易い。一方、仮鉢２ａは重心は安定するが、根
腐れ予防の移植作業で苗の根を切る植え傷の発生や、新
土壌での根付けの失敗など移植時に課題があった。また
用済みの仮鉢２ａは、陶器製などは保存の際に重くかさ
ばって扱い難く、使い捨て用のポリポットは、土中廃棄
では腐らず、焼却処分には悪臭発生を伴う大気汚染を生
ずるなどの問題があった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the temporary bowl 2b
Since it is made from imported material, it has problems in availability and cost stability.Because of the restriction of fiber material, it is formed into a cushion shape, so the wall thickness is thicker, the internal volume is less than the external shape, and the finished surface There are many irregularities, and the variations in shape are severe. The fatal point is that since the temporary pot 2b is light, it tends to fall as the seedling grows. On the other hand, although the center of gravity of the temporary pot 2a is stable, there were problems during transplantation such as the occurrence of planting cuts to cut the roots of seedlings during transplantation work for prevention of root rot and failure of rooting in new soil. In addition, the used temporary pot 2a is heavy and bulky when it is stored and is difficult to handle if it is made of pottery, and the disposable poly pot does not rot in the soil, and when it is incinerated it causes air pollution with a foul odor. There was a problem.
【０００６】本発明は、播種と育苗に好適な鉢内土壌環
境を保持し、その上、加工して単独で静置しても自立安
定性があり、加えて移植作業に代え、仮鉢ごと土壌に埋
めても鉢自体が土壌細菌や微生物により分解して土に還
元するなど、環境を損なわない特性を有し、しかも工場
生産に好適な素材特性が付与できる成形性を有し、従っ
て均一の形状により、市場価値の高くなるような、生分
解性播種育苗用ポットを提供することを目的とする。The present invention maintains a soil environment in a pot suitable for sowing and raising seedlings, and also has self-sustaining stability even if it is processed and allowed to stand alone. In addition, instead of transplanting work, each temporary pot is used. Even when buried in the soil, the pot itself decomposes by soil bacteria and microorganisms and returns to the soil, and has the property of not damaging the environment, and has the formability that can impart the material properties suitable for factory production, and therefore uniform. It is an object of the present invention to provide a biodegradable pot for seeding and raising seedlings, which has a high market value due to its shape.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の発明者は、上記
問題点を解決するために、元来が水苔であり、長年月の
間に表土の下で自然に腐植して泥炭状化し、植物にとっ
ての有害菌が少なく、かつ保水性が高いためにそのまま
植物の用土に用いることもあるピ−トモスに着目して、
これを本発明の素材に用いたものである。即ち、本発明
に係る生分解性播種育苗用ポットは、乳酸系プラスチッ
ク等の脂肪族ポリエステル類から成る生分解性プラスチ
ックに、粒径０．１ないし０．０２μｍから成るピ−ト
モス粉末を重量比で５ないし６０％あるいはこれに炭酸
カルシュ−ム等の酸性度調整材を加えて適宜混合して得
た混合物を加熱処理して鉢体状に成形加工し、鉢体要部
に適宜の大きさの複数個の貫通穴を設けて形成したこと
を特徴とするものである。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventor of the present invention originally used water moss, and naturally humus it under the surface soil for many years to form peat. , Focusing on peat moss, which has few harmful bacteria to plants and has high water retention, so that it may be used as it is for plant soil,
This is used for the material of the present invention. That is, the pot for biodegradable seedling raising according to the present invention comprises a biodegradable plastic made of an aliphatic polyester such as lactic acid-based plastic and a weight ratio of peat moss powder having a particle size of 0.1 to 0.02 μm. 5 to 60% or by adding an acidity adjusting material such as calcium carbonate to the mixture, and appropriately mixing the mixture to obtain a mixture, which is heat-treated to form a pot, and the main portion of the pot has an appropriate size. It is characterized in that it is formed by providing a plurality of through holes.
【０００８】そして本発明は、混合物を１４０ないし１
６０°Ｃの加熱温度の下で圧縮成形加工して形成したも
のである。The invention then provides a mixture of 140 to 1
It is formed by compression molding under a heating temperature of 60 ° C.
【０００９】また本発明は、混合物を１４０ないし２０
０°Ｃの加熱温度の下で溶解後、絞り成形加工して形成
したものである。The invention also provides a mixture of 140 to 20
It is formed by melting at a heating temperature of 0 ° C. and then drawing.
【００１０】[0010]
【作用】ピ−トモスを粉末状にして生分解性プラスチッ
クと混合して加熱成形し、異種素材が融合、一体化して
出来上がった鉢体なので、表面仕上がりは平滑に、重量
は適度に得られ、かつ自由な成形設計によって重心が調
整できるので安定した鉢体を得ることができる。かつ低
温加熱加工なのでピ−トモスの用土特性が保持されて植
物を損なわず、保水性を確保出来ると共に、鉢体を埋設
するとき、生分解して土中に還元し、経時的に生育した
苗木だけを残して、自然環境を汚さない。[Function] Peat moss is made into a powder and mixed with biodegradable plastic and heat-molded. It is a bowl made by fusing and integrating different materials, so the surface finish is smooth and the weight is moderate, In addition, since the center of gravity can be adjusted by a free molding design, a stable bowl can be obtained. And since it is a low-temperature heating process, the soil properties of Peat moss are retained and the water retention can be ensured without damaging the plant, and when the pot is buried, it is biodegraded and reduced to the soil, and seedlings grown over time. Only leave the natural environment unpolluted.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】以下、本発明に係る生分解性播種育苗用ポッ
トを図１ないし図３により説明する。図１は本発明の播
種育苗用ポットの構成と加工を説明するもので、（Ａ）
は１実施例を示す材料構成ブロック図、（Ｂ）は成形加
工の１実施例を示す工程ブロック図、（Ｃ）は別の実施
例を示す工程ブロック図、図２は同じくその構造を説明
するもので、（Ａ）は１実施例の部分側断面を含む側面
図、（Ｂ）は第２の実施例の部分側断面を含む側面図、
（Ｃ）は第３の実施例の部分側断面を含む側面図、
（Ｄ）は第４の実施例の部分側断面を含む側面図、図３
は同じくその使用材料の素材特性を説明するもので、土
壌中における壁厚０．２ｃｍの育苗鉢の生分解状態を示
す実験デ−タ図である。EXAMPLES The biodegradable seedling raising pot according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 illustrates the structure and processing of the seedling raising seedling pot of the present invention.
Is a block diagram of material composition showing one embodiment, (B) is a process block diagram showing one embodiment of molding, (C) is a process block diagram showing another embodiment, and FIG. 2 similarly illustrates its structure. And (A) is a side view including a partial side cross section of one embodiment, (B) is a side view including a partial side cross section of the second embodiment,
(C) is a side view including a partial side cross section of the third embodiment,
3D is a side view including a partial side cross section of the fourth embodiment, FIG.
Similarly, for explaining the material characteristics of the used material, it is an experimental data diagram showing the biodegradation state of a nursery pot having a wall thickness of 0.2 cm in soil.
【０００９】１実施例を示す図１（Ａ）の播種育苗用ポ
ット２（以下、ポットという）は、分解時に炭酸ガスと
水になる脂肪族ポリエステル類４ａから成る生分解性プ
ラスチック４と、ピ−トモス粉末３とを重量構成比４０
対６０から９５対５の割合の間で、混合比を選択し合計
１００とする混合物８によって構成し、それを加熱処理
して鉢体に成形加工する。このときピ−トモス粉末３
は、その粒径を０．１ないし０．０２μｍ、好ましくは
０．０５ｍｍ以下とする。ここに上記混合比は、ピ−ト
モスの重量比を成形加工面からは５％から３０％、早期
生分解性を得る点からは３０％から５０％にすることが
望ましい。なおピ−トモス３を増量した場合、増量によ
って増える酸性度をここに記載しない炭酸カルシュ−ム
を加えることによって調整することが適当である。A pot 2 for sowing and raising seedlings (hereinafter referred to as a pot) shown in FIG. 1A showing one embodiment comprises a biodegradable plastic 4 composed of an aliphatic polyester 4a which becomes carbon dioxide gas and water when decomposed, -Weight ratio 40 with Tomos powder 3
A mixture 8 having a mixture ratio of 60 to 95: 5 and having a total mixing ratio of 100 is formed, and the mixture is heat-treated to form a pot. At this time, peat moss powder 3
Has a particle size of 0.1 to 0.02 μm, preferably 0.05 mm or less. Here, the above mixing ratio is preferably 5% to 30% from the viewpoint of molding and processing, and 30% to 50% from the viewpoint of obtaining early biodegradability. When the amount of Peat Moss 3 is increased, it is appropriate to adjust the acidity increased by the increase by adding calcium carbonate (not shown).
【００１０】そしてこのように調合した混合物８の成形
加工は、同図（Ｂ）に示すように、温度１４０ないし２
００°Ｃによって溶解、シ−トフィルムへの成形後、絞
り金型を用いて鉢体７に成形加工する。シ−トフィルム
への成形に当っては、二軸延伸加工や、コ−テング紙と
のラミネ−ト加工も可能である。あるいはさらに、混合
物８を、カレンダ−加工、ロ−ル成形といった製造手段
によってロ−ルフィルムに成形加工して、これを同じく
絞り金型によって鉢形７に形成する。また、同図（Ｃ）
に示すように、温度１４０ないし１６０°Ｃにおいて、
圧縮成形機により鉢体７を形成する。The mixture 8 thus prepared is molded at a temperature of 140 to 2 as shown in FIG.
After being melted at 00 ° C and molded into a sheet film, it is molded into a bowl 7 using a drawing die. In forming the sheet film, biaxial stretching and laminating with coating paper are also possible. Alternatively, the mixture 8 is formed into a roll film by a manufacturing means such as calendering or roll forming, and this is also formed into a pot 7 by a drawing die. In addition, FIG.
As shown in, at a temperature of 140 to 160 ° C,
The pot 7 is formed by a compression molding machine.
【００１０】図２に示すように、本発明のポット２は、
従来形と同じく側面ほぼ逆台形をした平面丸形であり、
好適な実施例の大きさとしては、上面径５０−１４０ｍ
ｍ、高さ４０ないし１２０ｍｍ、また鉢体壁厚は０．２
ないし２．０ｍｍ、好ましくは０．４ｍｍ以下である。
同図（Ａ）ないし（Ｄ）に示すように、上記形状のポッ
ト２を成形するとき、その鉢体７の周壁部または底面部
に内側と外側を透過する貫通穴６を複数個配設する。同
図（Ａ）に示すように、例えば３×１０ｍｍ大きさの角
穴またはスリット孔６ｂを周壁部に数箇所、および壁部
と底面部にまたがって、形成しても良く、同図（Ｂ）に
示すように、底面部に丸穴６ｃ、周壁部に角穴６ｂを形
成し、同図（Ｃ）に示すように、底面側周壁部のみにス
リット孔６ｂを形成し、あるいは同図（Ｄ）に示すよう
に、鉢体７全面に微小な孔６ａをランダムに形成しても
良い。As shown in FIG. 2, the pot 2 of the present invention is
Like the conventional type, it is a flat round shape with a sideways almost inverted trapezoid,
As the size of the preferred embodiment, the upper surface diameter is 50 to 140 m.
m, height 40 to 120 mm, and the wall thickness of the bowl is 0.2
To 2.0 mm, preferably 0.4 mm or less.
As shown in FIGS. 1A to 1D, when the pot 2 having the above-mentioned shape is formed, a plurality of through holes 6 that penetrate the inside and the outside are provided in the peripheral wall portion or the bottom portion of the pot body 7. . As shown in FIG. 3A, square holes or slit holes 6b having a size of, for example, 3 × 10 mm may be formed in the peripheral wall portion at several places, and across the wall portion and the bottom portion. ), A round hole 6c is formed on the bottom surface, a square hole 6b is formed on the peripheral wall portion, and a slit hole 6b is formed only on the bottom surface side peripheral wall portion, as shown in FIG. As shown in D), minute holes 6a may be formed at random over the entire surface of the bowl 7.
【００１１】以上のように構成したポット２の素材特性
および播種、育苗機能に係る実験を行った。この実験に
よって得た各種特性を、図３および図４、ないし表１と
表２によって説明する。図３は、本発明のポット使用材
料の素材特性を説明するために行った、土壌中における
生分解状態を示す実験デ−タ図、図４は、本発明の播種
育苗用ポットにおけるサルビアの成育及びポットの土壌
中における生分解状態を示す実験デ−タ図である。ここ
に、図中に示す素材１は、ピ−トモス粉末３に、主にグ
リコ−ルと脂肪族カルボン酸から合成した脂肪族ポリエ
ステル４ａ類（融点１２０℃以下）を、ペレット状とし
て１対６の割合で混合して鉢形に形成したもの、素材２
はピ−トモス粉末３に乳酸系プラスチック４ｂ（融点１
７０℃強）を１対６の割合で同じく混合して鉢形を形成
したもの、比較例１は、比較例２以外の脂肪族ポリエス
テル類４ａの単独素材により形成したもの、比較例２
は、乳酸系プラスチック４ｂの単独素材によるもの、そ
して従来技術例として実験に用いたものは、洋紙製仮鉢
またはポリポット２ａ、およびココナツファイバ−製の
仮鉢２ｂである。これら実験に用いた仮鉢またはポット
２の外形大きさは、上面径１４０ｍｍ×底面径１１０ｍ
ｍ×高さ１２０ｍｍに統一し、素材１と２、および比較
例１と２、それぞれの鉢体７の壁厚は０．４ｍｍとし
た。An experiment was conducted on the material characteristics of the pot 2 constructed as described above, and on the seeding and seedling raising functions. Various characteristics obtained by this experiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 and Tables 1 and 2. FIG. 3 is an experimental data diagram showing the biodegradation state in the soil, which was carried out to explain the material characteristics of the potting material of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows the growth of salvia in the seedling-growing pot of the present invention. It is an experimental data figure which shows the biodegradation state in soil of a pot. Here, the raw material 1 shown in the figure is made of petomos powder 3 and aliphatic polyester 4a (melting point 120 ° C. or lower) mainly synthesized from glycol and aliphatic carboxylic acid in the form of pellets 1: 6 Mixed in the proportion of, and formed into a bowl shape, material 2
Is lactic acid-based plastic 4b (melting point 1
70 ° C.) was mixed in the same ratio in a ratio of 1: 6 to form a pot shape, Comparative Example 1 was formed from a single material of the aliphatic polyesters 4a other than Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 2
Is a single material of lactic acid-based plastic 4b, and those used in the experiments as prior art examples are a temporary pot or poly pot 2a made of paper and a temporary pot 2b made of coconut fiber. The outer size of the temporary pot or pot 2 used in these experiments has an upper surface diameter of 140 mm and a bottom surface diameter of 110 m.
m × height 120 mm, the wall thicknesses of the raw materials 1 and 2 and the comparative examples 1 and 2 and the pots 7 were 0.4 mm.
【００１２】図３に示すように、土壌に埋設後、比較例
１、２とも、ココナツファイバ−製仮鉢２ｂが示した、
９０日経過後の生分解度３０％強の成果に比べて、２倍
以上の生分解度８０％以上を示し、さらにその比較例よ
りも、素材１、２の生分解速度は早く、経過日数約３０
日で生分解度８０％を超え、９０日経過後ではともにほ
ぼ１００％近くの生分解度を示した。すなわち素材１、
２では、埋設後早期の段階で土壌細菌、微生物等の働き
が始まって土壌還元が為されていることが判明した。こ
の実験と、並行して行った機能比較試験から得た結果を
２１項目に亘って評価し、かつ総合評価したものを表１
に示す。ここに、実用上、特に優れたものをＡ、優れた
ものをＢ、普通をＣ、問題があるものをＤとして評価し
た。As shown in FIG. 3, after burying in soil, in both Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the coconut fiber-made temporary pot 2b showed.
Compared to the result of biodegradability of more than 30% after 90 days, the biodegradation rate is 80% or more, which is more than double, and the biodegradation rate of materials 1 and 2 is faster than that of the comparative example. Thirty
The degree of biodegradation exceeded 80% by day, and after 90 days, the degree of biodegradation was almost 100%. That is, material 1,
In No. 2, it was found that the soil bacteria and microorganisms started to work in the early stage after burial and soil reduction was performed. The results obtained from this experiment and the function comparison test conducted in parallel were evaluated over 21 items, and a comprehensive evaluation is shown in Table 1.
Shown in In terms of practical use, particularly excellent ones were evaluated as A, excellent ones as B, ordinary ones as C, and problematic ones as D.
【００１３】[0013]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１４】表１が示すように、本発明による素材１及
び２がいずれも通気性にＢ評価を得た以外は、全てＡ評
価で、総合評価もＡとなった。通気性のＢ評価をＡ評価
に変えるには、鉢体７に貫通穴６を適宜増設することに
よって、容易に実現できるものである。As shown in Table 1, all the materials 1 and 2 according to the present invention were evaluated as A except that the materials B and 2 both obtained B evaluation in terms of breathability. In order to change the B evaluation of the air permeability to the A evaluation, it is possible to easily realize it by appropriately adding the through holes 6 in the bowl 7.
【００１５】図４には、前記素材１に播種したサルビア
の成育状態並びに土に移植後の素材１の生分解及び腐蝕
の状態を経時的に示した。この実験においては、２カ月
未満で素材１の生分解が完了し、７カ月未満で分解した
素材の腐蝕が進行して、順調に土壌に還元することが判
明した。以上の実験の結果をふまえて、素材１、２成形
時の成形容易性と生分解特性とを、表２において示し、
前記した比較例、従来技術それぞれと比較した。FIG. 4 shows the growth state of the salvia seeded on the material 1 and the biodegradation and corrosion state of the material 1 after being transplanted to soil over time. In this experiment, it was found that the biodegradation of the material 1 was completed in less than 2 months, the corrosion of the decomposed material proceeded in less than 7 months, and the material was satisfactorily returned to the soil. Based on the results of the above experiments, Table 2 shows the moldability and biodegradability of the materials 1 and 2 at the time of molding,
Comparison was made with each of the comparative example and the conventional technique described above.
【００１６】[0016]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００１７】表２に示す成形容易性の実験において、圧
縮成形時に本発明の素材は従来素材に較べて吸水率が高
いため、温度８０°Ｃで２時間の加熱乾燥を行い、成形
温度は素材１では１５０°Ｃより高めで成形し、素材２
についてはさらに若干高めとした。成形後の生分解過程
においては高温堆肥中や湿った土壌では分解が早まり、
条件によるがピ−トモス粉末を１５重量％配合した素材
１では、図４に示すように生分解及び土壌還元性が高ま
った。In the experiment of moldability shown in Table 2, since the material of the present invention has a higher water absorption rate than the conventional material during compression molding, it is heated and dried at a temperature of 80 ° C. for 2 hours, and the molding temperature is In 1, the material was molded at a temperature higher than 150 ° C and the material 2
Regarding, it was set to be slightly higher. In the biodegradation process after molding, decomposition is accelerated in high temperature compost and in wet soil,
Material 1 containing 15% by weight of peat moss powder had higher biodegradability and soil reducibility as shown in FIG. 4, depending on the conditions.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】本発明の生分解性播種育苗用ポットは、
生分解性プラスチック単独の素材により成形したポット
の土中分解性能を一層促進して早期の生分解を可能とす
るのに加えて、廉価のピ−トモス粉末の混入によりコス
トメリットの有利性をも加味するものである。さらに一
度腐熟して用土化したピ−トモスと生分解性プラスチッ
クとの混合物を低温加工するので、工業生産に適って、
成形性に優れ、播種、育苗機能やポットとしての形状安
定性が高く、かつ育苗速度に適応して、効果的に鉢体の
腐植を進行できる上に、その生分解特性が土壌環境を汚
さないなどの諸特性によって、総合的に商品価値を高め
ることが出来る。The biodegradable seeding and raising seedling pot of the present invention comprises:
In addition to further promoting the biodegradation performance of the pot formed from the biodegradable plastic material in the soil for early biodegradation, there is also a cost advantage due to the incorporation of low-priced peat moss powder. It is something to add. Furthermore, since the mixture of the peat moss and the biodegradable plastic that has once been ripened and used as soil is processed at a low temperature, it is suitable for industrial production,
It has excellent moldability, has high sowing and seedling raising functions and shape stability as a pot, and adapts to seedling raising speed to effectively progress humus in pots, and its biodegradability does not pollute the soil environment. It is possible to enhance the product value comprehensively by various characteristics such as.
【図１】本発明の播種育苗用ポットの構成と加工を説明
するもので、（Ａ）は１実施例を示す材料構成ブロック
図、（Ｂ）は成形加工の１実施例を示す工程ブロック
図、（Ｃ）は別の実施例を示す工程ブロック図である。1A and 1B are diagrams for explaining the structure and processing of a pot for sowing and raising seedlings of the present invention, (A) is a block diagram of a material structure showing one embodiment, and (B) is a process block diagram showing one embodiment of molding processing. , (C) are process block diagrams showing another embodiment.
【図２】本発明の播種育苗用ポットの構造を説明するも
ので、（Ａ）は１実施例の部分側断面を含む側面図、
（Ｂ）は第２の実施例の部分側断面を含む側面図、
（Ｃ）は第３の実施例の部分側断面を含む側面図、
（Ｄ）は第４の実施例の部分側断面を含む側面図であ
る。FIG. 2 illustrates a structure of a pot for seeding and raising seedlings of the present invention, (A) is a side view including a partial side cross section of one embodiment,
(B) is a side view including a partial side cross section of the second embodiment,
(C) is a side view including a partial side cross section of the third embodiment,
(D) is a side view including a partial side cross section of the fourth embodiment.
【図３】本発明の播種育苗用ポット使用材料の素材特性
を説明するもので、土壌中におけるポットの生分解状態
を示す実験デ−タ図である。FIG. 3 is an experimental data diagram for explaining the material characteristics of the material for use in a pot for seeding and raising seedlings of the present invention, showing the biodegradation state of the pot in soil.
【図４】本発明の播種育苗用ポットにおけるサルビアの
成育及びポットの土壌中における生分解状態を示す実験
デ−タ図である。FIG. 4 is an experimental data diagram showing the growth of salvia in the seedling-growing pot of the present invention and the state of biodegradation in the soil of the pot.
【図５】従来技術を説明するもので、（Ａ）は１従来例
の部分側断面を含む側面図、（Ｂ）は他の従来例の部分
側断面を含む側面図である。5 (A) is a side view including a partial side cross section of one conventional example, and FIG. 5 (B) is a side view including a partial side cross section of another conventional example.
１ 苗木 ２ 仮鉢またはポット ２ａ 洋紙製仮鉢またはポリポット ２ｂ ココナツファイバ−製仮鉢 ３ ピ−トモス粉末 ４ 生分解性プラスチック ４ａ 脂肪族ポリエステル類 ４ｂ 乳酸系プラスチック ５ 土 ６ 貫通穴 ６ａ 孔 ６ｂ 角孔またはスリット孔 ６ｃ 丸孔 ７ 鉢体 ８ 混合物 1 Sapling 2 Temporary Pot or Pot 2a Paper Temporary Pot or Polypot 2b Coconut Fiber Temporary Pot 3 Pitomos Powder 4 Biodegradable Plastic 4a Aliphatic Polyester 4b Lactic Acid Plastic 5 Soil 6 Through Hole 6a Hole 6b Square Hole Or slit hole 6c Round hole 7 Bowl 8 Mixture
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成７年３月３０日[Submission date] March 30, 1995
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】発明の名称[Name of item to be amended] Title of invention
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【発明の名称】 生分解性播種育苗用ポット[Title of the Invention] Biodegradable seedling raising pot
【手続補正２】[Procedure Amendment 2]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】発明の詳細な説明[Name of item to be amended] Detailed explanation of the invention
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は土中に分解還元する播種
育苗用ポットに係り、特に播種から育苗段階にかけて土
壌に直接、ポットごと移植しても植物成長に良く、移植
土壌にも順化することの可能な、好適な生分解性播種育
苗用のポットに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pot for seeding and raising seeds that decomposes and reduces in soil, and is particularly good for plant growth when transplanted directly to the soil from the seeding stage to the seedling raising stage, and also adapted to transplanted soil. The present invention relates to a suitable pot for biodegradable sowing seedlings that can be used.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に園芸用苗は、尻丸鉢、山草鉢と呼
ぶ陶器製や素焼き製の小型の鉢（以下、仮鉢という）に
一時的に適量の用土と共に、１本毎に納めて播種、育苗
を行い、その状態で市販し、適切な時期に鉢から取り出
して土壌に移植してきた。その他の仮鉢には、ポリエチ
レンのフィルム材料から鉢形に成形したポリポットがあ
り、それは素焼き製仮鉢などより軽量で水を通さず、錆
びず腐らないという特長があった。なおポリポットの大
きさは、外径５０−１５０ｍｍ、厚さ０．２−０．４ｍ
ｍである。これらを仮鉢２ａと仮称する。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, horticultural seedlings are temporarily placed in small pots (hereinafter referred to as "temporary pots") made of pottery or unglazed pots called "jirimaru pots" and "mountain pots" together with a suitable amount of soil. Seeds were sown and seedlings were raised, marketed in that state, taken out of the pots and transplanted to soil at the appropriate time. Other temporary pots include poly pots formed from polyethylene film material in the shape of pots, which are lighter in weight than immortal pots such as unglazed pots, impervious to water, and do not rust or rot. The size of the plastic pot is 50-150 mm in outer diameter and 0.2-0.4 m in thickness.
m. These are tentatively called a temporary bowl 2a.
【０００３】図５（Ａ）に示すように、仮鉢２ａで育苗
した苗１は、培養土５の中で成長するにつれ、伸びた根
が穴６から飛び出るほか側部へ伸びる根は、壁に突き当
たって回遊する現象が生じ、水の蒸発のバランスを損な
う場合には根腐れが生じる不具合があった。そこで適当
な時期に苗１を鉢体７から取り出して、さらに広いプラ
ンタ−や大形の鉢、あるいは土壌に直接移植するように
していた。As shown in FIG. 5 (A), as the seedlings 1 grown in the temporary pot 2a grow in the culture soil 5, the roots that extend out protrude from the holes 6 and the roots that extend to the side are There was a problem that root rot occurred when water struck and wandered, impairing the balance of water evaporation. Therefore, the seedlings 1 were taken out of the pots 7 at an appropriate time and transplanted directly to wider planters, large pots, or soil.
【０００４】一方、回遊現象を解決する試みとして、図
５（Ｂ）に示すように、ココナツファイバ−を素材とし
て、内側と外側が透過状態になる鉢体７に形成した仮鉢
２ｂが作られた。仮鉢２ｂに植えられた苗１は、側壁か
らも根を伸ばし、水の蒸発も損なうことが無かったの
で、根腐れ現象もなくなった。On the other hand, in an attempt to solve the migratory phenomenon, as shown in FIG. 5B, a temporary pot 2b made of a coconut fiber is formed in the pot body 7 in which the inside and the outside are in a transparent state. It was The seedlings 1 planted in the temporary pot 2b did not grow roots even from the side walls, and the evaporation of water was not impaired, so that the root rot phenomenon disappeared.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら仮鉢２ｂ
は、輸入材から作るので入手難やコスト安定性に問題点
を持ち、また繊維素材という制約から、クッション状に
成形するので壁厚が厚くなって、外形に比べて内容量が
少なく、仕上がり表面に凹凸多く、形状のバラツキが激
しい。致命的な点は、仮鉢２ｂが軽いので苗が育つに従
い転倒し易い。一方、仮鉢２ａは重心は安定するが、根
腐れ予防の移植作業で苗の根を切る植え傷の発生や、新
土壌での根付けの失敗など移植時に課題があった。また
用済みの仮鉢２ａは、陶器製などは保存の際に重くかさ
ばって扱い難く、使い捨て用のポリポットは、土中廃棄
では腐らず、焼却処分には悪臭発生を伴う大気汚染を生
ずるなどの問題があった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the temporary bowl 2b
Since it is made from imported material, it has problems in availability and cost stability.Because of the restriction of fiber material, it is formed into a cushion shape, so the wall thickness is thicker, the internal volume is less than the external shape, and the finished surface There are many irregularities, and the variations in shape are severe. The fatal point is that since the temporary pot 2b is light, it tends to fall as the seedling grows. On the other hand, although the center of gravity of the temporary pot 2a is stable, there were problems during transplantation such as the occurrence of planting cuts to cut the roots of seedlings during transplantation work for prevention of root rot and failure of rooting in new soil. In addition, the used temporary pot 2a is heavy and bulky when it is stored and is difficult to handle if it is made of pottery, and the disposable poly pot does not rot in the soil, and when it is incinerated it causes air pollution with a foul odor. There was a problem.
【０００６】本発明は、播種と育苗に好適な鉢内土壌環
境を保持し、その上、加工して単独で静置しても自立安
定性があり、加えて移植作業に代え、仮鉢ごと土壌に埋
めても鉢自体が土壌細菌や微生物により分解して土に還
元するなど、環境を損なわない特性を有し、しかも工場
生産に好適な素材特性が付与できる成形性を有し、従っ
て均一の形状により、市場価値の高くなるような、生分
解性播種育苗用ポットを提供することを目的とする。The present invention maintains a soil environment in a pot suitable for sowing and raising seedlings, and also has self-sustaining stability even if it is processed and allowed to stand alone. In addition, instead of transplanting work, each temporary pot is used. Even when buried in the soil, the pot itself decomposes by soil bacteria and microorganisms and returns to the soil, and has the property of not damaging the environment, and has the formability that can impart the material properties suitable for factory production, and therefore uniform. It is an object of the present invention to provide a biodegradable pot for seeding and raising seedlings, which has a high market value due to its shape.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の発明者は、上記
問題点を解決するために、元来が水苔であり、長年月の
間に表土の下で自然に腐植して泥炭状化し、植物にとっ
ての有害菌が少なく、かつ保水性が高いためにそのまま
植物の用土に用いることもあるピ−トモスに着目して、
これを本発明の素材に用いたものである。即ち、本発明
に係る生分解性播種育苗用ポットは、乳酸系プラスチッ
ク等の脂肪族ポリエステル類から成る生分解性プラスチ
ックに、粒径０．１ないし０．０２μｍから成るピ−ト
モス粉末を重量比で５ないし６０％あるいはこれに炭酸
カルシュ−ム等の酸性度調整材を加えて適宜混合して得
た混合物を加熱処理して鉢体状に成形加工し、鉢体要部
に適宜の大きさの複数個の貫通穴を設けて形成したこと
を特徴とするものである。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventor of the present invention originally used water moss, and naturally humus it under the surface soil for many years to form peat. , Focusing on peat moss, which has few harmful bacteria to plants and has high water retention, so that it may be used as it is for plant soil,
This is used for the material of the present invention. That is, the pot for biodegradable seedling raising according to the present invention comprises a biodegradable plastic made of an aliphatic polyester such as lactic acid-based plastic and a weight ratio of peat moss powder having a particle size of 0.1 to 0.02 μm. 5 to 60% or by adding an acidity adjusting material such as calcium carbonate to the mixture, and appropriately mixing the mixture to obtain a mixture, which is heat-treated to form a pot, and the main portion of the pot has an appropriate size. It is characterized in that it is formed by providing a plurality of through holes.
【０００８】そして本発明は、混合物を１４０ないし１
６０°Ｃの加熱温度の下で圧縮成形加工して形成したも
のである。The invention then provides a mixture of 140 to 1
It is formed by compression molding under a heating temperature of 60 ° C.
【０００９】また本発明は、混合物を１４０ないし２０
０°Ｃの加熱温度の下で溶解後、絞り成形加工して形成
したものである。The invention also provides a mixture of 140 to 20
It is formed by melting at a heating temperature of 0 ° C. and then drawing.
【００１０】[0010]
【作用】ピ−トモスを粉末状にして生分解性プラスチッ
クと混合して加熱成形し、異種素材が融合、一体化して
出来上がった鉢体なので、表面仕上がりは平滑に、重量
は適度に得られ、かつ自由な成形設計によって重心が調
整できるので安定した鉢体を得ることができる。かつ低
温加熱加工なのでピ−トモスの用土特性が保持されて植
物を損なわず、保水性を確保出来ると共に、鉢体を埋設
するとき、生分解して土中に還元し、経時的に生育した
苗木だけを残して、自然環境を汚さない。[Function] Peat moss is made into a powder and mixed with biodegradable plastic and heat-molded. It is a bowl made by fusing and integrating different materials, so the surface finish is smooth and the weight is moderate, In addition, since the center of gravity can be adjusted by a free molding design, a stable bowl can be obtained. And since it is a low-temperature heating process, the soil properties of Peat moss are retained and the water retention can be ensured without damaging the plant, and when the pot is buried, it is biodegraded and reduced to the soil, and seedlings grown over time. Only leave the natural environment unpolluted.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】以下、本発明に係る生分解性播種育苗用ポッ
トを図１ないし図３により説明する。図１は本発明の播
種育苗用ポットの構成と加工を説明するもので、（Ａ）
は１実施例を示す材料構成ブロック図、（Ｂ）は成形加
工の１実施例を示す工程ブロック図、（Ｃ）は別の実施
例を示す工程ブロック図、図２は同じくその構造を説明
するもので、（Ａ）は１実施例の部分側断面を含む側面
図、（Ｂ）は第２の実施例の部分側断面を含む側面図、
（Ｃ）は第３の実施例の部分側断面を含む側面図、
（Ｄ）は第４の実施例の部分側断面を含む側面図、図３
は同じくその使用材料の素材特性を説明するもので、土
壌中における壁厚０．２ｃｍの育苗鉢の生分解状態を示
す実験デ−タ図である。 EXAMPLES The biodegradable seedling raising pot according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 illustrates the structure and processing of the seedling raising seedling pot of the present invention.
Is a block diagram of material composition showing one embodiment, (B) is a process block diagram showing one embodiment of molding, (C) is a process block diagram showing another embodiment, and FIG. 2 similarly illustrates its structure. And (A) is a side view including a partial side cross section of one embodiment, (B) is a side view including a partial side cross section of the second embodiment,
(C) is a side view including a partial side cross section of the third embodiment,
3D is a side view including a partial side cross section of the fourth embodiment, FIG.
Similarly, for explaining the material characteristics of the used material, it is an experimental data diagram showing the biodegradation state of a nursery pot having a wall thickness of 0.2 cm in soil.
【００１２】 １実施例を示す図１（Ａ）の播種育苗用ポ
ット２（以下、ポットという）は、分解時に炭酸ガスと
水になる脂肪族ポリエステル類４ａから成る生分解性プ
ラスチック４と、ピ−トモス粉末３とを重量構成比４０
対６０から９５対５の割合の間で、混合比を選択し合計
１００とする混合物８によって構成し、それを加熱処理
して鉢体に成形加工する。このときピ−トモス粉末３
は、その粒径を０．１ないし０．０２μｍ、好ましくは
０．０５ｍｍ以下とする。ここに上記混合比は、ピ−ト
モスの重量比を成形加工面からは５％から３０％、早期
生分解性を得る点からは３０％から５０％にすることが
望ましい。なおピ−トモス３を増量した場合、増量によ
って増える酸性度をここに記載しない炭酸カルシュ−ム
を加えることによって調整することが適当である。 [0012] Figure 1 showing an embodiment (A) seeding nursery pot 2 (hereinafter, referred to as pots) includes a biodegradable plastic 4 consisting of aliphatic polyesters 4a made into carbon dioxide and water during disassembly, pin -Weight ratio 40 with Tomos powder 3
A mixture 8 having a mixture ratio of 60 to 95: 5 and having a total mixing ratio of 100 is formed, and the mixture is heat-treated to form a pot. At this time, peat moss powder 3
Has a particle size of 0.1 to 0.02 μm, preferably 0.05 mm or less. Here, the above mixing ratio is preferably 5% to 30% from the viewpoint of molding and processing, and 30% to 50% from the viewpoint of obtaining early biodegradability. When the amount of Peat Moss 3 is increased, it is appropriate to adjust the acidity increased by the increase by adding calcium carbonate (not shown).
【００１３】 そしてこのように調合した混合物８の成形
加工は、同図（Ｂ）に示すように、温度１４０ないし２
００°Ｃによって溶解、シ−トフィルムへの成形後、絞
り金型を用いて鉢体７に成形加工する。シ−トフィルム
への成形に当っては、二軸延伸加工や、コ−テング紙と
のラミネ−ト加工も可能である。あるいはさらに、混合
物８を、カレンダ−加工、ロ−ル成形といった製造手段
によってロ−ルフィルムに成形加工して、これを同じく
絞り金型によって鉢形７に形成する。また、同図（Ｃ）
に示すように、温度１４０ないし１６０°Ｃにおいて、
圧縮成形機により鉢体７を形成する。 The mixture 8 thus prepared is molded at a temperature of 140 to 2 as shown in FIG.
After being melted at 00 ° C and molded into a sheet film, it is molded into a bowl 7 using a drawing die. In forming the sheet film, biaxial stretching and laminating with coating paper are also possible. Alternatively, the mixture 8 is formed into a roll film by a manufacturing means such as calendering or roll forming, and this is also formed into a pot 7 by a drawing die. In addition, FIG.
As shown in, at a temperature of 140 to 160 ° C,
The pot 7 is formed by a compression molding machine.
【００１４】 図２に示すように、本発明のポット２は、
従来形と同じく側面ほぼ逆台形をした平面丸形であり、
好適な実施例の大きさとしては、上面径５０−１４０ｍ
ｍ、高さ４０ないし１２０ｍｍ、また鉢体壁厚は０．２
ないし２．０ｍｍ、好ましくは０．４ｍｍ以下である。
同図（Ａ）ないし（Ｄ）に示すように、上記形状のポッ
ト２を成形するとき、その鉢体７の周壁部または底面部
に内側と外側を透過する貫通穴６を複数個配設する。同
図（Ａ）に示すように、例えば３×１０ｍｍ大きさの角
穴またはスリット孔６ｂを周壁部に数箇所、および壁部
と底面部にまたがって、形成しても良く、同図（Ｂ）に
示すように、底面部に丸穴６ｃ、周壁部に角穴６ｂを形
成し、同図（Ｃ）に示すように、底面側周壁部のみにス
リット孔６ｂを形成し、あるいは同図（Ｄ）に示すよう
に、鉢体７全面に微小な孔６ａをランダムに形成しても
良い。 As shown in FIG . 2, the pot 2 of the present invention is
Like the conventional type, it is a flat round shape with a sideways almost inverted trapezoid,
As the size of the preferred embodiment, the upper surface diameter is 50 to 140 m.
m, height 40 to 120 mm, and the wall thickness of the bowl is 0.2
To 2.0 mm, preferably 0.4 mm or less.
As shown in FIGS. 1A to 1D, when the pot 2 having the above-mentioned shape is formed, a plurality of through holes 6 that penetrate the inside and the outside are provided in the peripheral wall portion or the bottom portion of the pot body 7. . As shown in FIG. 3A, square holes or slit holes 6b having a size of, for example, 3 × 10 mm may be formed in the peripheral wall portion at several places, and across the wall portion and the bottom portion. ), A round hole 6c is formed on the bottom surface, a square hole 6b is formed on the peripheral wall portion, and a slit hole 6b is formed only on the bottom surface side peripheral wall portion, as shown in FIG. As shown in D), minute holes 6a may be formed at random over the entire surface of the bowl 7.
【００１５】 以上のように構成したポット２の素材特性
および播種、育苗機能に係る実験を行った。この実験に
よって得た各種特性を、図３および図４、ないし表１と
表２によって説明する。図３は、本発明のポット使用材
料の素材特性を説明するために行った、土壌中における
生分解状態を示す実験デ−タ図、図４は、本発明の播種
育苗用ポットにおけるサルビアの成育及びポットの土壌
中における生分解状態を示す実験デ−タ図である。ここ
に、図中に示す素材１は、ピ−トモス粉末３に、主にグ
リコ−ルと脂肪族カルボン酸から合成した脂肪族ポリエ
ステル４ａ類（融点１２０℃以下）を、ペレット状とし
て１対６の割合で混合して鉢形に形成したもの、素材２
はピ−トモス粉末３に乳酸系プラスチック４ｂ（融点１
７０℃強）を１対６の割合で同じく混合して鉢形を形成
したもの、比較例１は、比較例２以外の脂肪族ポリエス
テル類４ａの単独素材により形成したもの、比較例２
は、乳酸系プラスチック４ｂの単独素材によるもの、そ
して従来技術例として実験に用いたものは、洋紙製仮鉢
またはポリポット２ａ、およびココナツファイバ−製の
仮鉢２ｂである。これら実験に用いた仮鉢またはポット
２の外形大きさは、上面径１４０ｍｍ×底面径１１０ｍ
ｍ×高さ１２０ｍｍに統一し、素材１と２、および比較
例１と２、それぞれの鉢体７の壁厚は０．４ｍｍとし
た。 [0015] configured as described above with pot 2 of the material properties and seeding experiments were conducted according to the nursery function. Various characteristics obtained by this experiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 and Tables 1 and 2. FIG. 3 is an experimental data diagram showing the biodegradation state in the soil, which was carried out to explain the material characteristics of the potting material of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows the growth of salvia in the seedling-growing pot of the present invention. It is an experimental data figure which shows the biodegradation state in soil of a pot. Here, the raw material 1 shown in the figure is made of petomos powder 3 and aliphatic polyester 4a (melting point 120 ° C. or lower) mainly synthesized from glycol and aliphatic carboxylic acid in the form of pellets 1: 6 Mixed in the proportion of, and formed into a bowl shape, material 2
Is lactic acid-based plastic 4b (melting point 1
70 ° C.) was mixed in the same ratio in a ratio of 1: 6 to form a pot shape, Comparative Example 1 was formed from a single material of the aliphatic polyesters 4a other than Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 2
Is a single material of lactic acid-based plastic 4b, and those used in the experiments as prior art examples are a temporary pot or poly pot 2a made of paper and a temporary pot 2b made of coconut fiber. The outer size of the temporary pot or pot 2 used in these experiments has an upper surface diameter of 140 mm and a bottom surface diameter of 110 m.
m × height 120 mm, the wall thicknesses of the raw materials 1 and 2 and the comparative examples 1 and 2 and the pots 7 were 0.4 mm.
【００１６】 図３に示すように、土壌に埋設後、比較例
１、２とも、ココナツファイバ−製仮鉢２ｂが示した、
９０日経過後の生分解度３０％強の成果に比べて、２倍
以上の生分解度８０％以上を示し、さらにその比較例よ
りも、素材１、２の生分解速度は早く、経過日数約３０
日で生分解度８０％を超え、９０日経過後ではともにほ
ぼ１００％近くの生分解度を示した。すなわち素材１、
２では、埋設後早期の段階で土壌細菌、微生物等の働き
が始まって土壌還元が為されていることが判明した。こ
の実験と、並行して行った機能比較試験から得た結果を
２１項目に亘って評価し、かつ総合評価したものを表１
に示す。ここに、実用上、特に優れたものをＡ、優れた
ものをＢ、普通をＣ、問題があるものをＤとして評価し
た。 As shown in FIG . 3, after burying in soil, in both Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the coconut fiber-made temporary pot 2b showed.
Compared to the result of biodegradability of more than 30% after 90 days, the biodegradation rate is 80% or more, which is more than double, and the biodegradation rate of materials 1 and 2 is faster than that of the comparative example. Thirty
The degree of biodegradation exceeded 80% by day, and after 90 days, the degree of biodegradation was almost 100%. That is, material 1,
In No. 2, it was found that the soil bacteria and microorganisms started to work in the early stage after burial and soil reduction was performed. The results obtained from this experiment and the function comparison test conducted in parallel were evaluated over 21 items, and a comprehensive evaluation is shown in Table 1.
Shown in In terms of practical use, particularly excellent ones were evaluated as A, excellent ones as B, ordinary ones as C, and problematic ones as D.
【００１７】[0017]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１８】 表１が示すように、本発明による素材１及
び２がいずれも通気性にＢ評価を得た以外は、全てＡ評
価で、総合評価もＡとなった。通気性のＢ評価をＡ評価
に変えるには、鉢体７に貫通穴６を適宜増設することに
よって、容易に実現できるものである。 As shown in Table 1, all the materials 1 and 2 according to the present invention were evaluated as A except that they were evaluated as B for breathability. In order to change the B evaluation of the air permeability to the A evaluation, it is possible to easily realize it by appropriately adding the through holes 6 in the bowl 7.
【００１９】 図４には、前記素材１に播種したサルビア
の成育状態並びに土に移植後の素材１の生分解及び腐蝕
の状態を経時的に示した。この実験においては、２カ月
未満で素材１の生分解が完了し、７カ月未満で分解した
素材の腐蝕が進行して、順調に土壌に還元することが判
明した。以上の実験の結果をふまえて、素材１、２成形
時の成形容易性と生分解特性とを、表２において示し、
前記した比較例、従来技術それぞれと比較した。 FIG . 4 shows the growth state of salvia sown on the material 1 and the biodegradation and corrosion state of the material 1 after being transplanted to soil over time. In this experiment, it was found that the biodegradation of the material 1 was completed in less than 2 months, the corrosion of the decomposed material proceeded in less than 7 months, and the material was satisfactorily returned to the soil. Based on the results of the above experiments, Table 2 shows the moldability and biodegradability of the materials 1 and 2 at the time of molding,
Comparison was made with each of the comparative example and the conventional technique described above.
【００２０】[0020]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２１】 表２に示す成形容易性の実験において、圧
縮成形時に本発明の素材は従来素材に較べて吸水率が高
いため、温度８０°Ｃで２時間の加熱乾燥を行い、成形
温度は素材１では１５０°Ｃより高めで成形し、素材２
についてはさらに若干高めとした。成形後の生分解過程
においては高温堆肥中や湿った土壌では分解が早まり、
条件によるがピ−トモス粉末を１５重量％配合した素材
１では、図４に示すように生分解及び土壌還元性が高ま
った。 In the experiment of moldability shown in Table 2, since the material of the present invention has a higher water absorption rate than the conventional material at the time of compression molding, it is heated and dried at a temperature of 80 ° C. for 2 hours, and the molding temperature is the material. In 1, the material was molded at a temperature higher than 150 ° C and the material 2
Regarding, it was set to be slightly higher. In the biodegradation process after molding, decomposition is accelerated in high temperature compost and in wet soil,
Material 1 containing 15% by weight of peat moss powder had higher biodegradability and soil reducibility as shown in FIG. 4, depending on the conditions.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】本発明の生分解性播種育苗用ポットは、
生分解性プラスチック単独の素材により成形したポット
の土中分解性能を一層促進して早期の生分解を可能とす
るのに加えて、廉価のピ−トモス粉末の混入によりコス
トメリットの有利性をも加味するものである。さらに一
度腐熟して用土化したピ−トモスと生分解性プラスチッ
クとの混合物を低温加工するので、工業生産に適って、
成形性に優れ、播種、育苗機能やポットとしての形状安
定性が高く、かつ育苗速度に適応して、効果的に鉢体の
腐植を進行できる上に、その生分解特性が土壌環境を汚
さないなどの諸特性によって、総合的に商品価値を高め
ることが出来る。The biodegradable seeding and raising seedling pot of the present invention comprises:
In addition to further promoting the biodegradation performance of the pot formed from the biodegradable plastic material in the soil for early biodegradation, there is also a cost advantage due to the incorporation of low-priced peat moss powder. It is something to add. Furthermore, since the mixture of the peat moss and the biodegradable plastic that has once been ripened and used as soil is processed at a low temperature, it is suitable for industrial production,
It has excellent moldability, has high sowing and seedling raising functions and shape stability as a pot, and adapts to seedling raising speed to effectively progress humus in pots, and its biodegradability does not pollute the soil environment. It is possible to enhance the product value comprehensively by various characteristics such as.
Claims (3)
ポリエステル類（４ａ）から成る生分解性プラスチック
（４）に、粒径０．１ないし０．０２μｍから成るピ−
トモス粉末（３）を重量比で５ないし６０％あるいはこ
れに炭酸カルシュ−ム等の酸性度調整材を加えて適宜混
合して得た混合物（８）を加熱処理して鉢体（７）状に
成形加工し、鉢体（７）要部に適宜の大きさの複数個の
貫通穴（６）を設けて形成したことを特徴とする生分解
性播種育苗用ポット。1. A biodegradable plastic (4) made of an aliphatic polyester (4a) such as a lactic acid-based plastic (4b) and a pigment having a particle size of 0.1 to 0.02 μm.
Tomos powder (3) in a weight ratio of 5 to 60% or a mixture (8) obtained by adding an acidity adjusting material such as calcium carbonate to the mixture and heat-treating the mixture is heat-treated to form a bowl (7). A biodegradable seedling raising seedling pot characterized by being formed into a plurality of through-holes (6) of appropriate size in the main part of the pot (7).
の加熱温度の下で圧縮成形加工して形成した請求項１記
載の生分解性播種育苗用ポット。2. Mixture (8) at 140 to 160 ° C.
The biodegradable seedling raising seedling pot according to claim 1, which is formed by compression molding under the heating temperature of 1.
の加熱温度の下で溶解後、絞り成形加工して形成した請
求項１記載の生分解性播種育苗用ポット。3. Mixture (8) at 140 to 200 ° C.
The biodegradable seedling-growing pot according to claim 1, which is formed by being melted at a heating temperature of 1, and then drawn.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7053733A JPH08224048A (en) | 1995-02-20 | 1995-02-20 | Biodegradable seeding and raising pot |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7053733A JPH08224048A (en) | 1995-02-20 | 1995-02-20 | Biodegradable seeding and raising pot |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08224048A true JPH08224048A (en) | 1996-09-03 |
Family
ID=12951040
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7053733A Pending JPH08224048A (en) | 1995-02-20 | 1995-02-20 | Biodegradable seeding and raising pot |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH08224048A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009074723A1 (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2009-06-18 | Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus | Natural fibre based composite material |
| CN119422509A (en) * | 2024-11-29 | 2025-02-14 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 | A shallow salt-alkali resistant sowing method for a saline-alkali land experimental field |
-
1995
- 1995-02-20 JP JP7053733A patent/JPH08224048A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009074723A1 (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2009-06-18 | Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus | Natural fibre based composite material |
| EP2231782A4 (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2012-05-30 | Valtion Teknillinen | COMPOSITE MATERIAL BASED ON NATURAL FIBERS |
| US8835537B2 (en) | 2007-12-13 | 2014-09-16 | Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus | Natural fibre based composite material |
| CN119422509A (en) * | 2024-11-29 | 2025-02-14 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 | A shallow salt-alkali resistant sowing method for a saline-alkali land experimental field |
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