JPH08252017A - Vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a vegetable harvester capable of surely conveying harvests without harming them and improving the working efficiency by arranging a root part supporting conveyer conveying the root part of the harvests below the conveyer belt and using a wide width chain conveyer as the root part supporting conveyer. CONSTITUTION: This vegetable harvester, a conveyer belts 2, 5 endless belts for conveying harvests are arranged opposedly to each other so that its front end is higher and its rear end is lower, in front of a machine body equipped with a travelling part, a root part supporting conveyer 3 conveying the root parts of the harvests is arranged below the conveyer belt 2, 5, and a wide width chain conveyer is used as the root part supporting conveyer 3. Furthermore, it is preferable to install a lower leaf treating device 47 in front of a root arranging plate 4 at the rear part of the root supporting conveyer 3 below the previously mentioned conveying belt 2, 5.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transporting structure of a root of a vegetable harvester for mechanically harvesting leaf vegetables such as spinach and chrysanthemum, root vegetables such as radish and carrot, and vegetables such as onion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when harvesting potatoes and the like in a harvesting apparatus, a digging section is provided at the front and a wide conveyor is arranged at the rear of the digging section of the digging section while moving forward. There is a known technique of vibrating the surface of the container to make it float, placing it on a conveyor at the rear part thereof, and conveying it to the rear, and removing soil during this conveyance. For example, the techniques disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 60-168321 and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 60-177725 are disclosed. In the case of harvesting root vegetables such as radish and carrots, a digging section is provided in the front part, and a conveyor belt for nipping the leaves and conveying them to the rear is arranged in the rear part of the digging blade. A technique for harvesting vegetables is also known, in which the vegetables are harvested by being positioned below and being vibrated to be levitated, the leaf portions being sandwiched by a transport belt and transported backward. For example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-70224, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2-49507, and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-46.
This is like the technique described in Japanese Patent No. 630.

[0003]

In a conventional harvester for potatoes or the like, the potatoes may be damaged by rolling on a conveyor when the potatoes are transported. After that, the leaves are pinched by the conveyor belt and conveyed backward, so the root of the root vegetables is conveyed while floating in the air, and it shakes due to vibration etc. during the conveyance and contacts the frame and other parts. , It was hurt. Therefore, the present invention intends to adopt a configuration in which after the vegetables are floated up, the roots can be reliably received and conveyed to the rear.

[0004]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, as a means for solving the problem, a harvested product is conveyed in front of a machine equipped with a traveling unit. An endless belt for carrying is provided with a conveyor belt at a front low rear height, a root supporting conveyor for conveying the root of the harvest is arranged below the conveyor belt, and the root supporting conveyor is a wide chain conveyor. It was done. Further, a lower leaf processing device is arranged in front of the root aligning plate at the rear of the root supporting and conveying conveyer below the conveying belt.

[0005]

Next, the operation will be described. Vegetable Y is a sprouting board 9 for each line
・ It is weeded by 9 and cut into a trapezoidal shape in cross section by the coulter at the lower part, and the vibration excavating blade 8 at the rear part loosens the soil mass and lifts it up, and the leaf part is sandwiched by the conveyor belts 2 and 5 as it moves forward. Then, the root portion is placed on the root portion supporting and conveying conveyor 3, and since the root portion supporting and conveying conveyor 3 is constituted by a wide chain conveyor, the root portion is not slid down and is conveyed rearward while keeping its posture.
Then, the root is cut and the work is transported to the workbench.

[0006]

EXAMPLES Next, examples will be described. 1 is an overall side view of the vegetable harvester of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the vegetable harvester, FIG. 3 is an overall front view of the vegetable harvester, and FIG. 5 is an overall side view of the pretreatment section A, FIG. 6 is a plan view of the rear section of the pretreatment section A, FIG. 7 is a plan view of the front section of the pretreatment section A, and FIG. It is a side view of a conveyor.

1, 2, and 3, the overall structure of the vegetable harvester for harvesting non-heading leafy vegetables will be described. Two front wheels 27 and 27 and two rear wheels are mounted on the aircraft frame F.
The 8.28 is pivotally supported to form a four-wheeled traveling section B.
The machine body frame F includes left and right wheel frames 30 and 30 and a work frame 43. A work table G is fixedly mounted on the upper surfaces of the left and right work frames 43, and a vegetable storage box 26 is placed. The work frame 43 and the wheel frame 3
Vertical frames 34 and 36 are erected on both front and rear sides of the 0.30, and seat support frames 35 project upward from the wheel frames 30 and 30 at intermediate positions in the front and rear of the vertical frames 34 and 36. The seat support frame 35 supports the seats 1L and 1R.

Further, pretreatment slide frames 31 and 33 are installed on the middle and upper parts of the left and right vertical frames 34 and 34, and a reinforcing frame 45 is installed on the lower part between the vertical frames 34 and 34. Has been done. The pretreatment unit A slides left and right on the pretreatment unit slide frames 31 and 33 to enable adjustment of the striations, and the pretreatment unit A can be fixed at any position by a fixing screw (not shown). Vertical frame 3 on the rear side
A reinforcing frame 45 is laterally installed in the lower part between 6 and 36, a front and rear frame 37 is installed between the reinforcing frames 45 and 45, and a battery T and a traveling drive motor M2 are arranged on the front and rear frame 37. However, the battery T can also be mounted on the rear reinforcing frame 45. The rotation of the traveling drive motor M2 is driven by the drive chain cases 44, 44.
It is transmitted to the rear two wheels 28 through 28.

As shown in FIG. 2, the pretreatment section A projecting forward is slidable left and right on the pretreatment section slide frames 31 and 33. Only the treatment section A is slid to the left and right at the end of the field, and the reciprocating work is possible while the pretreatment section A is aligned with the vegetables that have not yet been harvested. Since this vegetable harvester harvests vegetables that are planted in multiple rows on flat ridges in the house, it is not possible to harvest all the vegetables Y on all flat ridges at once. I couldn't do that, and while the four wheels passed through the passage between the flat ridges, the pretreatment section A was gradually moved to the strip on the untreated side, and finally all the vegetables on one flat ridge Harvest Y.

Two operators sit on the seats 1L and 1R projecting from both sides of the machine frame F, balance the left and right sides, and the vegetables Y are processed and transported by the pretreatment section A. Vegetable storage box 2 with a fixed number of stocks
Work to arrange in 6. Further, in the vegetable harvesting machine of the present invention, since vegetables are often planted in a greenhouse, when the pretreatment section A and the traveling section B are driven by an engine, the exhaust gas of the engine causes Since it stays inside and adversely affects the health of the operator, the pretreatment drive motor M1 is used to drive the pretreatment section A and the traveling section B.
And the traveling drive motor M2 are used to prevent exhaust gas from filling the house.

Next, referring to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, the overall structure of the preprocessing section A will be described. Slide pipes 40 and 4 are attached to the slide frames 31 and 33, respectively.
0 is externally fitted, and the pretreatment portion support frames 41, 41 are vertically fixed and framed on both sides of the slide pipes 40, 40, and the motor mounting plate 29 is vertically provided below the lower slide pipe 40. Then, the pretreatment drive motor M1 is installed on the motor mounting plate 29, and the height of the pretreatment unit A is changed between the lower portion of the motor mounting plate 29 and the lower portion of the drive shaft case 16 of the pretreatment unit A. An elevating cylinder 10 is provided for this purpose. The lifting cylinder 10 is driven by a motor.

In addition, on the upper portion of the motor mounting plate 29,
The support part 32 of the horizontal conveyor 7 is configured. Drive bevel gearboxes 18, 18 are provided on both sides of the support portion 32.
Is fixed, and the drive bevel gearbox 18 on one side is fixed.
The belt is wound from the pretreatment drive motor M1 around the input pulley 48 arranged further to the side to transmit power. A drive pulley 23 of the horizontal conveyor 7 is fixed to a shaft extending horizontally between the drive bevel gear boxes 18, and the driven pulley 2 supported at the rear end of the support portion 32.
4, the horizontal conveyor 7 constituted by a flat belt that rotates in the horizontal direction is driven. On the horizontal conveyor 7, a vegetable Y, which is conveyed while being sandwiched between the leaf upper conveyor belt 2 and the leaf lower conveyor belt 5 with endless belts facing each other, is placed and conveyed in front of the left and right operators. To be done. A drive pulley 15 for driving the upper leaf transport belt 2, a drive pulley 22 for the lower leaf transport belt 5, and a drive pulley for the lower rear transport belt 39 on the shafts 11 and 11 protruding upward from the drive bevel gearbox 18. Two
5 is fixed.

The upper leaf conveyor belt 2 is wound between the drive pulley 15 and the front driven pulley 14, and the lower leaf conveyor belt 5 is wound between the drive pulley 22 and the front driven pulley 21. The leaf upper conveying belt 2 and the leaf lower conveying belt 5 are integrally formed with a soft elastic body such as a wide sponge on the surface, and the sponge portion holds the leaf portion of the vegetable Y from both sides and damages it. It is configured to deliver to the back so that it will not be delivered.

Further, the rear lower conveyance belt 39 is wound around the drive pulley 25 and the driven pulley 19, and the drive pulley 20 is coaxially arranged below the driven pulley 19.
Is fixedly installed, the root lowering belt 6 is driven, and the root aligning plate 4 that guides the upper part of the root of the vegetable Y is disposed above the root lowering belt 6 and A root cutting blade 12 is arranged on one side. The root aligning plate 4 is arranged on the left and right, and has a groove gap at the center through which a root portion of a vegetable can pass, and a root portion of a vegetable leaf is configured to be unable to pass through the groove gap. ing. The root cutting blade 12 is forcibly driven and rotated by a motor M3, and has a structure in which two disc blades on the left and right sides are overlapped at the center.
The root cutting blade 12 is not limited to the forced drive system, and may be a non-drive system. Then, a lower leaf processing device 47 is disposed in the front part of the root aligning plate 4, and the lower leaf processing device 47 rotates a brush or a sponge having a large friction to remove unnecessary lower leaves from both sides of the root. I'm trying to drop it.

Therefore, when the vegetables Y are conveyed, the lower leaf processing device 47 removes dead leaves in the early stage of growth and unnecessary leaves that have spread to the side, and is conveyed backward to the root aligning plate 4. A direction in which only the root portion projects downward from the gap of the root aligning plate 4, the root portion is clamped by the root pulling down belt 6 and conveyed backward, and the root pulling down belt 6 is gradually separated from the root aligning plate 4. Since it is arranged so as to be inclined, the root portion of the vegetable is pulled downward, to the position where the lower end portion of the vegetable leaf comes into contact with the root alignment plate 4, and then cut by the root cutting blade 12. At this time, the vegetables are positioned and the root portion of the vegetables Y passes between the two root cutting blades 12, whereby only the root portion is cut.

A grass board 9 is arranged at the tip of the pretreatment section A. A coulter 50 is rotatably disposed below the middle part of the swarding board 9, and cuts are made in the width for harvesting on the ridges. The driven pulleys 14 and 21 are arranged below the rear part of the weeding plate 9, and the leading ends of the leaf upper conveying belt 2 and the leaf lower conveying belt 5 are wound around the lower part of the driven pulley 21 and the front end of the root aligning plate 4. A root support transport conveyor 3 is arranged in between. As shown in FIG. 7, the root support conveyor 3 includes a drive shaft case 16 projecting forward from the drive bevel gearbox 18 and a front end of a support frame 16 ', a front bevel gearbox 17 and a chain case 52.
The front frame 53 is fixed forward from the front bevel gear box 17 and the chain case 52.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a drive shaft 54 is laterally mounted on the rear portion of the front frame 53, and a driven shaft is laterally mounted on the front end thereof, and the drive shaft 54 and the front end of the front frame 53 are mounted on the front frame 53. The root support transport conveyor 3 of the present invention is provided between the horizontally driven shafts 66.
Is provided. The root-supporting conveyer 3 includes a drive shaft 54 horizontally extending at the rear of the front frame 53, a driven shaft 66 horizontally extending at the front, and an auxiliary drive shaft 5 horizontally extending in the middle.
A sprocket is fixedly installed on both sides of the base 6, and a wide chain conveyor is wound around the sprocket to form a root supporting and conveying conveyor 3.

The drive of the root support conveyor 3 is such that power is transmitted from the drive bevel gear box 18 to the drive shaft 54 via the shaft in the drive shaft case 16 and the bevel gear in the front bevel gear box 17. The sprocket on 54 and the drive sprocket 51 fixed to the end of the drive shaft 54 drive the auxiliary drive shaft 56 which is horizontally mounted in front of the drive sprocket 51 via the chain 64 to drive the drive shaft 54 and the auxiliary drive shaft 56. The root support conveyor 3 is driven by a sprocket so that the root portion of the vegetables is placed and conveyed backward.

A vibrating excavating blade 8 is arranged in front of the root supporting conveyer 3, and the vibrating excavating blade 8 is constituted by a U-shaped double-sided blade whose lower portion passes below the conveying path. Has been done. However, the blade is not limited to the U-shaped double-ended blade, and a cantilever blade may be used. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, both sides of the vibration excavating blade 8 are supported by side frames 57, and the side frames 57
Is extended rearward and is pivotally supported on the lower portion of the parallel links 58 and 59 on the side portion of the root-supporting conveyer 3, and the vibration link 13 is pivotally connected to the rear parallel link 59. An eccentric cam 63 is rotatably fitted to the outside of the base via bearings, and the eccentric cam 63 is fixed to both ends of a transmission shaft 60 arranged in the revolving space of the root supporting conveyor 3. The transmission shaft 60 is laterally bridged in the middle of the root-supporting conveyer 3, and transmitted to the transmission shaft 60 via a sprocket and a chain 65 arranged at the center of the auxiliary drive shaft 56 to be rotated and the eccentric cam 63. The vibration link 13 is driven via the parallel link 58, 59.
Is rotated in the front-rear direction, and the vibration excavating blade 8 is configured to vibrate in the front-rear direction.

When the harvesting operation is performed with such a configuration, the vegetable Y is vegetated by the swarding boards 9 and 9, and a cut is made in the field by the coulter 50 at the lower portion thereof, and the digging blade 8 is inserted from below the root. The vibration causes the vegetable Y to rise,
As it moves forward, it is sandwiched between the leaf portion or the leaf portion upper conveying belt 2 and the leaf portion lower conveying belt 5, and the root portion is placed on the root portion supporting and conveying conveyor 3 and conveyed backward. During this transportation, the leaves of the vegetable Y are softly sandwiched without being damaged by the upper and lower conveyor belts 2.5. On the other hand, the root portion is placed on a shaft that is laterally stretched between the joints arranged on both sides of the root portion supporting and conveying conveyor 3, and on the shafts arranged at equal intervals, the root portion does not slip at the time of conveyance, and the root portion is It is reliably received and transported without losing its posture. In addition, the soil attached to the root is dropped into the field through the gap between the shafts due to the vibration during transportation.

Then, when it reaches the lower leaf processing device 47 arranged in front of the root aligning plate 4 at the rear part of the root supporting conveyer 3,
At the beginning of growth, leaves that have grown and withered are removed, and when passing between the root aligning plates 4, the lower leaves are not scratched, and when the root aligning plates 4 pass, the root portion is pulled downward. The root part is cut off by the root cutting blade 12. Then, the lower conveyor belt 3 is conveyed further rearward.
The vegetables that have passed through 9 are finally moved to the front of the operator by the horizontal conveyor 7 configured by a flat belt, and are stored in the vegetable storage box 26 by the operator.

[0022]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects. That is, since it is configured as in claim 1, when the leaf portion of the harvested product is sandwiched by the transport belt and transported backward, the root portion is placed on the wide chain conveyor and can be reliably transported. In that case, the harvested product will not be displaced or fallen, and can be transported backward with a certain posture.
It will be possible to transport crops without damaging them.

According to the second aspect of the invention, before the roots of the vegetables are aligned, unnecessary lower leaves at the root can be removed, and they can be caught at the root-portion conveying device arranged behind them. Therefore, it becomes possible to carry the sheet smoothly, and in the root aligning device at the rear part, the root position can be accurately determined, and the cutting position of the root can be accurately performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a vegetable harvester of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the vegetable harvesting machine.

FIG. 3 is likewise an overall front view of the vegetable harvester.

FIG. 4 is an overall plan view of the pretreatment unit A with an upper cover removed.

5 is an overall side view of a pretreatment unit A. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a rear portion of the pretreatment unit A.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a front portion of a pretreatment unit A.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the root support conveyor.

[Explanation of Codes] A Pretreatment Section B Traveling Section 2 Leaf Upper Conveying Belt 3 Root Support Conveying Conveyor 4 Root Aligning Plate 5 Leaf Lower Conveying Belt 47 Lower Leaf Processing Device

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A conveyor belt having an endless belt for conveying crops arranged oppositely is provided in front of the machine body provided with a traveling unit at a front low rear height, and a root of the crop is conveyed below the conveyor belt. A vegetable harvester characterized in that a root supporting and conveying conveyor is disposed, and the root supporting and conveying conveyor is a wide chain conveyor. 2. A conveyor belt having endless belts for conveying harvested products arranged oppositely is provided in front of the machine body equipped with a traveling unit at a front lower rear height, and a root supporting conveyor below the conveyor belt is provided. A vegetable harvester characterized in that a lower leaf treatment device is arranged in front of the root aligning plate.