JPH08303375A - Rotary compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Construction] A contact member is attached to the eccentric part of the crankshaft so that it contacts the inner diameter of the roller and slides only when the crankshaft rotates at low speed, and separates from the inner diameter of the roller when rotating at high speed. Prepared In addition, the spring contact member, the center of gravity, the angle of the operating direction of the contact member with respect to the eccentric direction of the crankshaft, the reaction temperature of the contact member of the heat-responsive metal are made appropriate, and the contact force to the roller inner diameter and the contact member are The rotation speed of the crankshaft that separates from the inner diameter of the roller can be adjusted. [Effect] When the crankshaft rotates at a low speed, the vane and the roller easily slide in one direction, and the oil film pressure is effectively generated.
The probability of direct metal contact between the vane and roller is reduced, and wear resistance is improved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary compressor,
In particular, the present invention relates to a rotary compressor suitable for use in a refrigerator such as an air conditioner or a freezer to improve reliability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to a vertical sectional view of a conventional rotary compressor shown in FIG. 5 and a sectional view of a main part of a conventional rotary compressor shown in FIG.

In the rotary compressor, the rotor 10 is the stator 9
The crankshaft 3 is rotated by receiving a rotational force from the. A roller 6 rotatably fitted in the eccentric portion 3a of the crankshaft 3.
Is eccentrically rotated in the compression chamber 15 constituted by the cylinder 4, the main bearing 2 and the auxiliary bearing 7, and the vane 5 contacting the outer periphery of the roller 6 follows the eccentric rotation of the roller 6 to move the compression chamber 15 into the low pressure chamber. By partitioning into a high pressure chamber and reciprocating, the steps of suction, compression and discharge are repeated.

The rotary compressor is widely adopted as a compact, lightweight and highly efficient compression system. The characteristic structure is a sliding structure of the vane 5 and the roller 6, and various devises and developments have been made in order to improve the reliability thereof. For example, the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-75786 is known. Improve the vane 5 material to improve wear resistance.

[0005]

5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the rotary compressor in the conventional example shown in FIG. 5, a cross-sectional view of a main part of the rotary compressor in the conventional example shown in FIG. 6, and a vane and a roller in the conventional example shown in FIG. An example of the relative sliding speed will be described.

The conventional technique is a technique for improving the material,
Silicon carbide ceramics are used as the material of the vane 5, and it is considered that the wear resistance of the component itself is improved. However, it is undeniable that productivity must be inferior in terms of improvement in wear resistance of the mating material and high-precision finishing of the high hardness material, since it is necessary to sufficiently consider the degree of influence on the mating material.

The relative movement of the roller 6 with respect to the vane 5 of the rotary compressor is as follows. When the rotation direction of the crankshaft 3 is the normal rotation direction, an additional force is generated in the normal rotation direction in a certain angle range during one rotation of the crankshaft 3 due to the frictional force of the contact portion between the vane 5 and the roller 6, and another In a certain angle range of, an additional force is generated in the reverse direction. Further, the frictional force of the fitting portion between the roller 6 and the eccentric portion 3a of the crankshaft 3 causes the roller 6 to receive an additional force in the forward rotation direction. further,
At the contact portion between the roller 6 and the inner diameter portion of the cylinder 4, an additional force in the reverse rotation direction is generated, and the roller 6 and the main bearing 2 and the sub bearing 7
The frictional force on the abutment surface of the element acts as a braking force for forward rotation and reverse rotation. The roller 6 receives the resultant force of these forces,
As shown in FIG. 7, an angle that rotates in the forward direction with respect to the vane 5 and an angle that rotates in the opposite direction may occur. Also,
When the rotation speed of the crankshaft 3 is low, the additional force in the forward rotation direction from the roller 6 and the crankshaft eccentric portion 3a to the roller 6 becomes small, so that there is a section in which the roller 6 rotates in the reverse direction with respect to the vane 5. The phenomenon is likely to occur. In that case,
When the normal and reverse rotation directions are exchanged, there is a point in time when the roller 6 stops with respect to the vane 5.

When the vane 5 and the roller 6 slide relative to each other, an oil film pressure is generated, and since the oil film is interposed, the probability that the vane 5 and the roller 6 come into direct metal contact with each other is reduced, and wear can be prevented. However, when stopped, the oil film pressure is not generated and the probability of direct metal contact increases.

In the case of a rotary compressor that operates at a variable frequency with an inverter or the like, the rotational speed of the crankshaft 3 decreases at low speed, and the frictional force transmitted to the rollers 6 in the rotational direction of the crankshaft 3 decreases. The frequency of the stop phenomenon of the roller 6 increases.

An object of the present invention is to make a structure such that an oil film is easily slid on a portion of the vane 5 abutting on the outer periphery of the roller 6 when the rotary compressor operating at a variable frequency by an inverter or the like rotates at a low speed. By doing
Basically, it is to provide a rotary compressor capable of improving the wear resistance of the sliding portion between the vane 5 and the roller 6.

[0011]

A means for solving the problems will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. In order to achieve the above object, the configuration of the rotary compressor of the present invention includes an electric motor unit 16 and a compression mechanism unit 17 connected to the electric motor unit 16 by a crankshaft 3 in a closed container 1 in which refrigerating machine oil 11 is stored. And the compression mechanism 17
A compression chamber 15 formed by a cylinder 4 and a main bearing 2 and a sub bearing 7 closing both end surfaces of the cylinder 4, and a crankshaft eccentric portion 3a pivotally supported in the compression chamber 15 by the main bearing 2 and the sub bearing 7. And a vane 5 that contacts the outer periphery of the roller 6 and reciprocates following the eccentric rotation of the roller 6 to partition the compression chamber 15 into a low pressure portion and a high pressure portion. In the rotary compressor that operates at a frequency, the crankshaft eccentric portion 3a includes the contact member 20 or 22 that contacts the inner diameter surface of the roller 6 when rotating at a low speed and separates from the inner diameter of the roller 6 when rotating at a high speed.

Description will be made with reference to FIG. The abutting member 20 provided on the crankshaft eccentric portion 3a causes the roller 6 to move by spring force.
A spring 21 is provided on the inner diameter surface side so that the tip of the contact member 20 is pressed, and the center of gravity of the contact member 20 is the roller 6.
The contact member 20 is located on the opposite side of the contacting side of the crankshaft 3 with the center of the crankshaft 3 interposed therebetween, and is separated from the inner diameter surface of the roller 6 against the spring force by the centrifugal force at the time of high speed rotation.

Another contact member 22 will be described with reference to FIG. The crankshaft eccentric portion 3a includes an abutting member 22 having one end abutting on the inner diameter surface side of the roller 6 and the other end fixed to the crankshaft eccentric portion 3a. The abutting member 22 is a thermo-responsive material such as a shape memory alloy or a bimetal. Made of mold metal. Due to the temperature rise due to sliding during high-speed rotation, the contact member 22
However, the roller 6 is deformed in the direction in which the pressing force for pressing the inner diameter of the roller 6 is reduced, and is separated from the inner diameter surface of the roller 6.

[0014]

1 is a sectional view of the essential parts of a rotary compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the essential parts of a rotary compressor according to another embodiment of the present invention. In a rotary compressor that operates at a variable frequency by an inverter or the like, the crankshaft eccentric portion 3a is provided with a contact member 20 or 22 that abuts the inner diameter surface of the roller 6 at low speed rotation and separates from the inner diameter surface of the roller 6 at high speed rotation. When the contact member 20 or 22 contacts the inner diameter surface of the roller 6 during low-speed rotation, the frictional force between the inner diameter surface of the roller 6 and the crankshaft eccentric portion 3a increases, and the roller 6 is likely to occur during low-speed rotation. Since the stop phenomenon is suppressed and the vane 5 and the roller 6 slide relative to each other, an oil film pressure is generated and passes through the oil film, so that the probability that the vane 5 and the roller 6 directly contact with each other is reduced and wear can be prevented. .

Further, since the contact member 20 or 22 is separated from the inner diameter surface of the roller 6 at the time of high speed rotation, the increase in the relative sliding speed between the vane 5 and the roller 6 at the time of high speed rotation can be moderated.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, the overall construction of a conventional rotary compressor will be described with reference to FIG. 5 which is a vertical sectional view of the rotary compressor in the conventional example and FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a main part of the rotary compressor in the conventional example.

The rotary compressor shown in FIG.
The electric motor unit 16 is housed in the upper part of the closed container 1 in which 1 is stored, and the compression mechanism unit 17 connected to the electric motor unit 16 by the crankshaft 3 is housed in the lower part thereof. The compression mechanism 17 includes the main bearing 2,
The crankshaft 3, the cylinder 4, the vane 5, the roller 6, and the sub bearing 7 are main constituent elements. The cylinder 4 is fixed to the closed container 1 by welding or the like, and the crankshaft 3 is rotatably fitted therein. A roller 6 is rotatably fitted in the eccentric portion 3 a of the crankshaft 3. The vane 5 is slidably fitted in the vane groove 4 a of the cylinder 4. The vane 5 is pressed against the outer circumference of the roller 6 by the spring 8. The main bearing 2 and the auxiliary bearing 7 support the crankshaft 3 and close both end surfaces of the cylinder 4 to form a compression chamber 15 shown in FIG. The roller 6 fitted in the eccentric portion 3a of the crankshaft in the compression chamber 15 is in contact with the outer periphery of the roller 6 and reciprocates following the eccentric rotation of the roller 6 to move the compression chamber 15 to a low pressure portion and a high pressure portion. It is equipped with a vane 5 that divides into parts.

The electric motor section 16 includes a stator 9 and a rotor 10.
The stator 9 is fixed to the closed container 1 by shrink fitting, and the rotor 10 is fixed to the crankshaft 3 by shrink fitting.

Further, the operation is performed by controlling the rotation speed of the electric motor according to the required capacity with an inverter or the like.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a rotary compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention,
3 and 4 are cross-sectional views of the essential parts of another embodiment.

A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. The crankshaft eccentric portion 3a shown in FIG.
A contact member 20 fixed via 1 is slidably fitted. The center of gravity of the contact member 20 is located on the opposite side of the contact side with the inner diameter of the roller 6 with the axis of the crankshaft 3 interposed therebetween. The contact member 20 is pressed against the inner diameter of the roller 6 by the spring 21, and when the crankshaft 3 rotates at high speed, the centrifugal force of the contact member 20 resists the spring force and the contact portion of the contact member 20 is The roller 6 is separated from the inner diameter surface.

The centrifugal force of the contact member 20 is changed by changing the spring force of the spring 21, the weight and center of gravity of the contact member 20, the angle of the operating direction of the contact member 20 with respect to the eccentric direction of the crankshaft 3. By changing the force relationship between the contact member 20 and the inner diameter of the roller 6 and the rotational speed of the crankshaft 3 at which the contact member 20 disengages, the pressing force and the rotational speed are adjusted to appropriate pressing force and rotational speed.

In particular, when the operating direction of the contact member 20 is parallel to the eccentric direction of the crankshaft 3, as shown in FIG. 3, when the contact portion side of the contact member 20 is in the anti-eccentric direction of the crankshaft 3, The distance between the center of gravity of the contact member 20 and the axis of the crankshaft 3 becomes maximum, the pressing force applied by the contact member 20 becomes minimum, and the crank when the contact portion of the contact member 20 separates from the roller 6 The rotation speed of the shaft 3 is also minimized. On the other hand, when the contact portion side of the contact member 20 is in the eccentric direction of the crankshaft 3,
The distance between the center of gravity of the contact member 20 and the axis of the crankshaft 3 is minimized, and the pressing force applied to the inner diameter of the roller 6 by the contact member 20 is maximized, so that the contact portion of the contact member 20 separates from the roller 6. The rotation speed of the crankshaft 3 at the time of rotation is also maximized.

A second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The crankshaft eccentric portion 3a includes an abutting member 22 having one end abutting on the inner diameter surface side of the roller 6 and the other end fixed to the crankshaft eccentric portion 3a. The abutting member 22 is a thermo-responsive material such as a shape memory alloy or a bimetal. Made of mold metal. The contact member 22 is deformed in the direction in which the pressing force is reduced due to the temperature rise at the time of high speed rotation, and is separated from the inner surface of the roller 6.

According to the structure of the first or second embodiment, the contact member 20 or 22 provided on the crankshaft eccentric portion 3a is pressed against the inner diameter of the roller 6 only at low speed rotation, and at high speed rotation. Remove from the inner diameter of 6.

The effects of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

The roller 6 receives an additional force for forward rotation and reverse rotation due to the frictional force acting between the roller 6 and each component contacting the roller 6, while the contact member 20 provided on the crankshaft eccentric portion 3a. Alternatively, 22 only comes into contact with the inner diameter portion of the roller 6 and slides by sliding the roller 6 in the rotation direction of the crankshaft 3 only when the crankshaft 3 rotates at a low speed in which a phenomenon in which a section in which the roller 6 rotates in the reverse direction easily occurs occurs. Easy to rotate. Further, the contact force applied to the roller 6 and the crankshaft 3 when the contact member 20 or 22 separates from the inner diameter portion of the roller 6
In the case of the first embodiment, the rotation speed of is the spring force of the spring 21 that presses the contact member 20, the weight and center of gravity of the contact member 20, and the angle of the operating direction of the contact member 20 with respect to the eccentric direction of the crankshaft 3. Adjust by adjusting. Further, in the case of the second embodiment, it is made appropriate by adjusting the reaction temperature of the contact member 22 made of a heat-responsive metal such as a shape memory alloy or a bimetal.

By facilitating the normal rotation of the roller 6, it is possible to prevent the roller 6 from rotating in the reverse direction and prevent the roller 6 from falling into the stopped state with respect to the vane 5.

As a result, the vane 5 and the roller 6 are always relatively easily slid, the oil film pressure is generated and the probability that the vane 5 and the roller 6 are directly in metal contact with each other through the oil film is reduced, and wear resistance is reduced. It is possible to improve the sex.

When the crankshaft 3 rotates at a high speed, the abutting member 20 or 22 separates from the inner diameter of the roller 6, so that the vane 5 and the roller 6 relatively slide at a high speed during a high speed rotation. Abrasion is reduced,
Can be prevented.

[0032]

According to the present invention, the vane and the roller can easily slide in one direction even when the crankshaft rotates at a low speed.
The oil film pressure is likely to be effectively generated, the probability of direct metal contact between the vane and the roller can be reduced, and the wear resistance can be improved in the basic structure.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of a rotary compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a rotary compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an essential part of a rotary compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an essential part of a rotary compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a rotary compressor in a conventional example.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a main part of a rotary compressor in a conventional example.

FIG. 7 is a relative sliding speed characteristic diagram between a vane and a roller in a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3a ... Eccentric part, 4 ... Cylinder, 5 ... Vane, 6 ... Roller, 15 ... Compression chamber space, 20 ... Contact member, 21 ... Spring.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An electric motor section and a compression mechanism section connected to the electric motor section by a crankshaft are housed in a closed container in which refrigerating machine oil is stored, and the compression mechanism section includes a cylinder and both end surfaces of the cylinder. A compression chamber formed by a main bearing and a sub-bearing that are closed, a roller fitted into the eccentric part of a crankshaft axially supported by the main bearing and the sub-bearing in the compression chamber, and an outer periphery of the roller. In a rotary compressor which is in contact with and reciprocates following the eccentric rotation of the roller and which partitions the compression chamber into a low pressure portion and a high pressure portion, the eccentric portion of the crankshaft is in contact with the rotary compressor performing variable frequency operation. A member and a spring in which the tip of the abutting member is pressed against the inner diameter surface side of the roller by a spring force, and the center of gravity of the abutting member is the axis of the rotating shaft with respect to the abutting side with the inner diameter of the roller. Located on the other side of the heart A rotary compressor characterized by: 2. A hermetically sealed container in which refrigerating machine oil is stored contains an electric motor section and a compression mechanism section connected to the electric motor section by a crankshaft. The compression mechanism section includes a cylinder and both end surfaces of the cylinder. A compression chamber formed by a main bearing and a sub-bearing that are closed, a roller fitted into the eccentric part of a crankshaft axially supported by the main bearing and the sub-bearing in the compression chamber, and an outer periphery of the roller. In the rotary compressor that abuts and reciprocates following the eccentric rotation of the roller to partition the compression chamber into a low-pressure portion and a high-pressure portion, the rotary compressor performing a variable frequency operation, the eccentric portion of the crankshaft, A rotary member characterized by comprising a contact member having one end abutting against the inner diameter surface of the roller and the other end fixed to an eccentric part of the crankshaft, the contact member being made of a shape memory alloy or a heat-responsive metal. Compressor.