JPH08311237A - Waste plastic film processing method and equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] When a large amount of synthetic resin film is no longer needed in greenhouse cultivation or mulch film cultivation, it is melted and shrunk and transformed into a small volume solid material. However, in a chlorine-based synthetic resin such as polyvinyl chloride, the chlorine content is removed so that chlorine gas is not generated in the subsequent incineration. [Constitution] Mixing methylene chloride solution and water,
The mixed solution is heated to generate methylene chloride vapor and water vapor, and the mixed vapor is filled in the processing tank in which the waste synthetic resin film W is sealed, and the waste synthetic resin film W is melted and shrunk.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing method and apparatus for discarding a large amount of synthetic resin film used by farmers in greenhouse cultivation, mulching cultivation, etc. after use.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a waste synthetic resin film has been disposed of as general waste as it is on the day of waste collection and incinerated at a waste incinerator. However, since the amount of waste synthetic resin film is large, the property is different from general household waste, it is industrial waste, and the amount of heat generated when incinerated is large. Since gas is generated, it promotes damage to the incinerator and causes smoke pollution.Therefore, there is a limit to the cost of processing waste synthetic resin film as a public project, and public bodies bear the cost of the waste generating side. Therefore, I came to ask for processing.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is as cheap as possible when it becomes necessary to incinerate or reclaim waste such as waste synthetic resin film at the burden of the generating side. It is intended to provide a method and an apparatus for treating a waste synthetic resin film, which melts and shrinks and treats it as a solid material at a cost even in a state where no pollution occurs.

The present invention uses the strong oxidizing power of chlorine ions (Cl ⁻ ) and methylene free radicals (—CH ₂ —) generated from a mixture of methylene chloride vapor and water vapor.
The waste synthetic resin film is melted and shrunk before being incinerated and taken out, and the solid or liquid is used as fuel for the incinerator. In addition, when a large amount of synthetic resin film is no longer needed in greenhouse cultivation or mulch film cultivation, it is melted and shrunk to transform it into a small volume solid material. Chlorine-based synthetic resins such as the above have a chlorine content removed so that chlorine gas is not generated in the subsequent incineration. Also,
When the waste synthetic resin film is incinerated, high heat and toxic gas are generated in the refuse incinerator, which adversely affects the life of the incinerator. In addition, it takes a long time to completely incinerate, which causes a decrease in operating time of the incinerator.
The present invention solves such a problem of the conventional technique.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a methylene chloride solution and water generated at a low temperature,
Or, the vapor of the mixed liquid to which a surfactant is added is permeated into the waste synthetic resin film W to decompose and melt the synthetic resin component to shrink the synthetic resin component, which makes it possible to efficiently dispose of the waste and reduce the cost. It is a thing.

[0006]

The problems to be solved by the present invention are as described above. Next, the means for solving the problems will be described. In claim 1, a methylene chloride solution and water are used as a mixed liquid, the mixed liquid is heated to generate methylene chloride vapor and water vapor, and the mixed vapor is filled in a treatment tank in which a waste synthetic resin film W is sealed. , For melting and shrinking the waste synthetic resin film W.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the method and apparatus for treating a waste synthetic resin film, the heating temperature of the mixed liquid is 5
The range is from 0 to 150 ° C.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method and apparatus for treating a waste synthetic resin film, the weight ratio of the methylene chloride solution and water is approximately 4: 1.

In a fourth aspect of the present invention, a methylene chloride solution, water and a surfactant liquid are mixed into a mixed liquid, and the mixed liquid is heated to generate methylene chloride vapor, steam and surfactant vapor, The waste synthetic resin film W is melted and shrunk by filling the processing tank in which the waste synthetic resin film W is enclosed and permeating the steam.

[0010]

[Operation] Next, the operation will be described. Methylenechlora of the present invention
Id steam and steam, or methylene chloride steam and water steam
The air and the surface-active agent vapor are contained in the waste synthetic resin film W.
Chloride ions (Cl^-),
Methylene free radical (-CH ₂−) Is a vacuum in the processing tank T
To make it work longer and stronger than usual.
The long chain hydrocarbon groups that make up the synthetic resin.
Cut off the child, convert it to carbohydrates, alcohol, or water and dissolve
Or it decomposes.

Further, in the method and apparatus for treating a waste synthetic resin film of the present invention, the surfactant vapor is mixed with the methylene chloride solution and water to mix the surfactant liquid, so that the surfactant vapor is melted. It facilitates the separation and draining of the minutes. Further, by mixing the surfactant, it is possible to generate steam at a low temperature, so that the processing temperature can be lowered, so that the waste synthetic resin film W is not baked.

[0012]

EXAMPLES Next, examples will be described. Methylene chloride has a molecular weight of 84.93 represented by the chemical formula CH ₂ Cl _2.
Is the substance of. The chemical name is methylene chloride, and in addition to methylene chloride as a general name, dichloromethane,
It may be referred to as methylene dichloride. Boiling point is 40.
At 4 ° C, the melting point is-96.8 ° C.

The surfactants are classified into anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants. Examples of the anionic surfactant include sodium alkylsulfate, sodium amidosulfate, sodium secondary alkylsulfate, sodium alkylsulfonate, sodium amidosulfonate, sodium alkylallylsulfonate, sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate and the like.

Examples of the cationic surfactant include amine acetate, alkyltrimethylammonium chloride, dialkylmethylammonium chloride, alkylpyridinium halide and alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride.

As the amphoteric surfactant, carboxylic acid type,
There are sulfonic acid type, sulfuric acid ester type and the like. Examples of the nonionic surfactant include polyoxyethylene alkylphenol, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol, polyoxyethylene fatty acid, polyoxyethylene acid amide, polyoxyethylene fatty amine, and polypropylene glycol. In the present invention, when the alkalinity becomes strong,
Since Cl ₂ is likely to be generated, it is necessary to avoid this, and polyoxyethylene alkylphenol and polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol, which are alcohol-based nonionic surfactants that are relatively stable against acids and alkalis. However, it is effective in this respect. However, all surfactants are effective for decomposing and dissolving the synthetic resin component.

FIG. 1 is a basic structural drawing of a method and an apparatus for treating a waste synthetic resin film according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a drawing showing a process and a procedure of the method and an apparatus for treating a waste synthetic resin film by opening and closing a valve mechanism, FIG. 3 is a side view of the processing tank T, the lid 22, and the processed material mounting table 26. FIG. 4 is a view showing a waste synthetic resin film W mounted on the processed material mounting table 26 and sealed in the processing tank T. FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of FIG. 4, FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of a state in which the waste synthetic resin film W after processing is taken out from the processing tank T, and FIG. 7 is a front sectional view of FIG. is there.

In FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 6 and FIG.
The configurations of the processing tank T, the lid 22, and the processed material mounting table 26 will be described. That is, the processing tank T constitutes a pressure vessel,
In the method and apparatus for treating a waste synthetic resin film of the present invention, a degassing vacuum state of 50 Torr is set in the degassing operation, and a pressure of 200 Torr is collected when methylene chloride vapor is recovered.
Since the vacuum is r, the pressure vessel is configured to withstand this. Further, a lid 22 is provided on the front surface, and the lid 22 is configured integrally with the processed object placing table 26. The processed material mounting table 26 moves on a moving rail 25 provided inside the processing tank T, and the lid 22 is a portion of a moving rail 24 below the lid supporting portion 23, both of which are integrally formed. It is movable.

The waste synthetic resin film W to be treated is cut on by the cutting device with the soil on the treated object mounting table 26 that is integrally drawn out and inserted into the lid 22. Place things as they are. By cutting the waste synthetic resin film W with a cutting device, chlorine ions (Cl ⁻ ) and methylene free radicals (—CH ₂ ) are cut.
−) Easily reaches the entire waste synthetic resin film W. The lid 22 and the processing tank T are hermetically fixed and pressure is applied in a state in which the portion of the processing object mounting table 26 is inserted into the processing tank T. Heating of the inside bottom of the processing tank T
A cooling pipe 20 is arranged, and in the case of heating, steam of 100 and several tens of degrees is supplied from the boiler B. In the case of cooling, cooling water in the cooling water tank 18 is supplied. The mixed solution of methylene chloride and water may be directly injected into the processing tank T, or may be supplied to the processing tank T in a mixed vapor state in the spare tank portion. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the mixed liquid is supplied to the inside of the processing tank T.

Then, in the state of the mixed solution, steam of 100 to several tens of degrees is supplied from the boiler B to the heating / cooling pipe 20 in a state of injecting the mixed solution to such an extent that the heating / cooling pipe 20 is immersed. Not only methylene chloride having a boiling point of 40 ° C., but also water becomes steam. The simultaneous supply of the water vapor and the vapor of methylene chloride promotes the permeation of the water vapor into the waste synthetic resin film W. In the present invention, the mixed solution of methylene chloride, water, and the surfactant reaches only below the treated object mounting table 26 even if the liquid level is the maximum, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7.
The waste synthetic resin film W is never immersed in the liquid. The waste synthetic resin film W absorbs the vapor of the mixed liquid for processing. 6 and 7 show the taken-out state after the processing, the waste synthetic resin film W that has been mounted in large quantities on the processed material mounting table 26 is melted and shrunk, and the processed material is mounted. The surface of the table 26 is contracted as a solid. This may be separated and burned as it is as a fuel in a burner or an incinerator, or it may be thermally decomposed and distilled / fractionated to be converted into a liquid petroleum fuel.

Next, referring to FIG. 1, the basic constitution of the method and apparatus for treating a waste synthetic resin film of the present invention will be described. The equipment mainly comprises a processing tank T and a mixed liquid tank 14, and a mixed liquid in which methylene chloride, water and a surfactant are mixed is put into the mixed liquid tank 14. The boiler B is for vaporizing the mixed liquid as described above, and the compressor C is for applying pressure when returning the mixed liquid inside the processing tank T to the mixed liquid tank 14 after the processing is completed.

The vacuum pump P is for sucking the methylene chloride vapor remaining in the processing tank T and the waste synthetic resin film W after the mixed solution is pushed out. And the sucked methylene chloride vapor is
Since it cannot be discharged to the atmosphere, it is cooled and liquefied in the condenser 16 and returned to the mixed liquid tank 14 from the portion of the condenser pipe 21. The chiller 15 cools the cooling water inside the condenser 16.
Further, a filter 19 is provided to filter impurities such as dust in the mixed solution extruded from the processing tank T by the compressor C. The cooling water tank 17 is a pan for cooling water used for liquefying the mixed liquid vapor.

An electromagnetic valve is arranged in each part. The electromagnetic valve is configured to be opened and closed at regular time intervals by an automatic control device, and is a process step such as "processing object degassing", "mixed liquid feeding", "processing", "mixed liquid cooling", "Mixed liquid tank return", "Mixed liquid vapor recovery",
As shown in FIG. 2, the opening / closing operation is automatically performed in the order of “collection of mixed liquid in condenser”. At the same time, compressor C
The boiler B, the vacuum pump P, and the chiller 15 are automatically stopped. As a whole, in the examples, the weight ratio of methylene chloride to water is 4 to 1, the temperature in the processing tank T is about 80 degrees, and one processing cycle is 24 hours.

Next, FIG. 2 shows the method of treating the waste synthetic resin film and the state of the electromagnetic valve in each step of the apparatus.
First, the vacuum pump P is driven in the process of "degassing the processed material". Then, the electromagnetic valve 1 of the circuit connecting the vacuum pump P and the capacitor 16 opens, and the capacitor 16
The electromagnetic valve 3 that communicates with the processing tank T is also opened. All other solenoid valves are closed. As a result, the inside of the processing tank T becomes a vacuum of about 50 Torr,
The air of the waste synthetic resin film W is drawn out.

Next, in the "mixed liquid feeding" step, the electromagnetic valve 4 that connects the processing tank T and the mixed liquid tank 14 is opened, and the other electromagnetic valves are closed. As a result, the mixed solution tank 14 and the processing tank T are arranged at substantially the same level, so that the mixed solution is treated so that the mixed solution tank 14 and the processing tank T are at the same level.
Move in.

Next, in the process of "treatment", the electromagnetic valve 7 between the boiler B and the processing tank T and the electromagnetic valve 9 connecting the drain from the processing tank T to the drain are opened and the other electromagnetic valves are closed. It As a result, the high-heat steam from the boiler B is supplied to the heating / cooling pipe 20 in the processing tank T, and the mixed liquid in the processing tank T becomes methylene chloride vapor, water vapor, and surfactant vapor, and waste synthesis is performed. It penetrates into the resin film W. This "treatment" step is performed for about 8 to 24 hours. This processing time varies depending on the processing temperature and the type of synthetic resin.

Next, the process of "mixed liquid cooling" will be described. In this case, the electromagnetic valve 8 that connects the cooling water tank 18 and the processing tank T, the processing tank T, and the cooling water tank 17 are connected.
The electromagnetic valve 10 that communicates with is opened. The other solenoid valve is closed. As a result, the cooling water passes through the heating / cooling pipe 20 and the inside of the processing tank T becomes 40 ° C. or lower, which is the boiling point of methylene chloride, so that both methylene chloride and steam return to the chemical liquid.

Next, the process of "returning the mixed liquid tank" will be described. In this case, the electromagnetic valve 2 is opened to release the air in the processing tank T, the electromagnetic valve 5 under the processing tank T and the electromagnetic valve 6 that connects the compressor C and the processing tank T are opened, and the compressor C is opened. Driven. In addition, the electromagnetic valve 12 between the filter 19 and the mixed liquid tank 14
And an electromagnetic valve 13 for communicating the mixed liquid tank 14 with the atmosphere
Opens. As a result, a certain amount of pressure is applied to the processing tank T, so that the liquefied mixed liquid is pushed back into the mixed liquid tank 14.

Next, the process of "collection of vapor mixture in tank" will be described. In this case, the vacuum pump P is driven. Then, the electromagnetic valve 1 that connects the vacuum pump P and the capacitor 16 and the electromagnetic valve 3 that connects the capacitor 16 and the processing tank T are opened. The other solenoid valve is closed. In this state, the vacuum pump P collects the vapor of methylene chloride that has penetrated into the processing tank T and the waste synthetic resin film W. The vacuum degree at this time is 200T
Lower to about orr.

Next, in the process of "collecting the mixed liquid inside the condenser", the electromagnetic valve 2 communicating with the atmosphere and the electromagnetic valve 11 communicating with the condenser pipe 21 and the mixed solution tank 14 are opened. As a result, the mixed liquid such as methylene chloride accumulated inside the condenser pipe 21 of the condenser 16 can be collected in the mixed liquid tank 14.
Each of these steps is completed in 24 hours.

Next, referring to FIGS. 5 and 7, a sectional view of the inside of the processing tank T in the processing state will be described. A heating / cooling pipe 20 is arranged below the inside of the processing tank T, and a processed material placing table 26 is movably arranged above the heating / cooling pipe 20. The processed material placing table 26
The waste synthetic resin film W is placed on top of this.
The liquid level of the mixed liquid of water Wa, the surfactant liquid S, and the methylene chloride solution Me is higher than that of the heating / cooling pipe 20, but the waste synthetic resin film W on the treated object mounting table 26 is dipped. It is injected so that the liquid level will not be reached.

Since the specific gravity of the water Wa is 1.00 and the specific gravity of the surfactant liquid S is 1.04, the liquid levels are almost the same, and the surfactant liquid S dissolves in the water Wa and thus becomes integral. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, a liquid layer of water Wa + surfactant liquid S is formed. On the other hand, the methylene chloride solution Me has a specific gravity of 1.33 and does not dissolve in water Wa, and therefore forms a layer below the layer of water Wa + surfactant liquid S. Then, when steam heated to 160 ° C. is supplied to the heating / cooling pipe 20 arranged in the layer of water Wa + surfactant liquid S, the temperature around the heating / cooling pipe 20 rises. The heating / cooling pipe 20 is arranged in a layer of water Wa + surfactant liquid S, and the temperature of the portion rises first.

When the temperature of the heating / cooling pipe 20 gradually rises and reaches about 40 ° C., the methylene chloride solution Me
Reaches the boiling point and changes to methylene chloride vapor, water Wa
+ Passes through the layer of the surfactant liquid S as bubbles, reaches the waste synthetic resin film W, and penetrates into the waste synthetic resin film W. In the normal waste synthetic resin film W,
When heated to about 50 ° C or higher, the methylene chloride vapor
The treatment is continued in such a state that it passes through the liquid of the water Wa and the surfactant liquid S and reaches the waste synthetic resin film W.

In the case of the waste synthetic resin film W which is difficult to process, the temperature of the mixed solution is raised to about 100 ° C. and the water Wa and the surfactant solution S are also processed as steam.
Then, while the methylene chloride Me passes through the water Wa and the surfactant liquid S, Cl ₂ (chlorine gas) generated from methylene chloride is absorbed in the water Wa to suppress generation of Cl ₂ which adversely affects the treatment. Of. Further, the surfactant liquid S is added to the vapor of the methylene chloride and penetrates into the waste synthetic resin film W. This makes it possible to improve the disconnection of the molten resin flowing out.

As described above, by heating the water Wa, the surfactant solution S, and the methylene chloride solution Me as a mixed solution through the heating / cooling pipe 20, the vapor of the methylene chloride Me becomes surface active with the water Wa. After passing through the chemical liquid S, it is evaporated in the processing tank T, so that Cl ₂ is reduced. The vapor of the methylene chloride penetrates inside the waste synthetic resin film W and oxidizes the waste synthetic resin film W. Further, since the surfactant liquid S enters the perforations in a mixed state, when the waste synthetic resin film W is dissolved, the oil is cut off easily, and a large amount of methylene chloride vapor can be generated at a low temperature. It is not necessary to raise the temperature inside the processing tank T to perform processing.

Further, since the waste synthetic resin film W is degassed in the processing tank in a vacuum state before the methylene chloride vapor, water vapor and surfactant vapor are permeated, the waste synthetic resin film W Since the vapor of methylene chloride can be permeated in a state where the internal air is removed, it can be permeated further to the inside.

The waste synthetic resin film W is oxidized and melted by the chlorine ions (Cl ⁻ ) and methylene free radicals (—CH ₂ —) generated from the methylene chloride vapor and water vapor of the present invention, and is melted, and the treated product mounting table 26 is used. To drop from. The melted waste synthetic resin film W is changed to a solid matter when the processed material placing table 26 is taken out, but since it is melted and contracted, it is tens of the waste synthetic resin film W when initially charged. It is one-third the volume.
This solid matter is put into an incinerator or a burner as a solid fuel.

The waste synthetic resin film W melt-shrinked according to the present invention can be taken out separately, pyrolyzed, and a petroleum component can be easily taken out by a refining separator, which is burned as the same fuel as kerosene, It can be provided as a raw material for garbage incinerators, garbage incineration power generation, and garbage incineration heating. Further, when a chlorine-based synthetic resin film such as polyvinyl chloride is treated by the method and apparatus for treating a waste synthetic resin film of the present invention, the chlorine content is reduced to 1/10 of that before the treatment. Therefore, even if the treated solid or liquid treated product is burned, chlorine gas is less generated.

[0038]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects. That is, since it is configured as in claim 1, the waste synthetic resin film W can be dissolved and shrunk by permeating methylene chloride vapor and water vapor into the waste synthetic resin film W, thereby reducing the volume of the waste synthetic resin film W. It can be reduced to solid fuel and then burned in a burner or incinerator. Further, in the case of a synthetic resin having a chlorine diameter, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the chlorine content can be reduced by treating the waste synthetic resin film with the treating method and apparatus.
It can be reduced to about one tenth, which means that even if the solid matter after treatment is incinerated, chlorine gas is not generated and it becomes a source of pollution.

The heating temperature of the mixed solution is set to 50.
Since it is in the range of ~ 150 ° C, chlorine ions (C
l ⁻ ) and methylene free radicals (—CH ₂ —) can be generated, the heat cost of the treatment can be reduced, and the waste synthetic resin film W can be treated at a high temperature without being roasted. It has become.

Since the weight ratio of the methylene chloride solution and the water is set to about 4 to 1, the chlorine ion (Cl ⁻ ) and the methylene free radical (—CH ₂ —) in the optimum state are generated. Can be done.

By adding a surfactant as described in claim 4, vaporization of methylene chloride explosively proceeds, and a strong oxidizing power can be obtained at a low temperature. Further, since the work of melting the decomposed and dissolved synthetic resin can be accelerated by the surfactant,
The processing time in the processing tank T can be smoothly performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a basic configuration drawing of a method and an apparatus for treating a waste synthetic resin film of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a drawing showing a process and a procedure of a disposal synthetic resin film processing method and apparatus by opening and closing a valve mechanism.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a processing tank T, a lid 22, and a processed material mounting table 26.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state in which a waste synthetic resin film W is mounted on the processed material mounting table 26 and sealed in the processing tank T.

FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of FIG.

6 is a side view showing a state in which a waste synthetic resin film W after processing is taken out in a processing tank T, FIG.

FIG. 7 is a front sectional view of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Me Methylene chloride solution C Compressor B Boiler T Treatment tank P Vacuum pump W Waste synthetic resin film Wa Water S Surfactant liquid 14 Mixture tank 15 Chiller 16 Condenser 18 Cooling water tank 21 Condenser pipe 22 Lid 26 Disposable stand

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A mixed solution of a methylene chloride solution and water is heated, the mixed solution is heated to generate methylene chloride vapor and water vapor, and the mixed vapor is filled in a treatment tank in which a waste synthetic resin film W is sealed. A method and an apparatus for treating a waste synthetic resin film, which comprises melting and shrinking the waste synthetic resin film W. 2. The method and apparatus for treating waste synthetic resin film according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature of the mixed solution is 50 to 50.
A method and an apparatus for treating a waste synthetic resin film, which is in the range of 150 ° C. 3. The method and apparatus for treating a waste synthetic resin film according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the methylene chloride solution and water is approximately 4: 1. apparatus. 4. A methylene chloride solution, water and a surfactant liquid are mixed to form a mixed liquid, and the mixed liquid is heated to generate methylene chloride vapor, water vapor and surfactant vapor, and the mixed vapor is discarded. A method and an apparatus for treating a waste synthetic resin film, characterized in that the waste synthetic resin film W is melted and shrunk by filling the treatment tank in which the synthetic resin film W is enclosed and permeating the treatment tank.