JPH0839206A - Method for preventing immersion nozzle blockage during continuous casting of Ti-containing Cr steel - Google Patents
Method for preventing immersion nozzle blockage during continuous casting of Ti-containing Cr steelInfo
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- JPH0839206A JPH0839206A JP19475494A JP19475494A JPH0839206A JP H0839206 A JPH0839206 A JP H0839206A JP 19475494 A JP19475494 A JP 19475494A JP 19475494 A JP19475494 A JP 19475494A JP H0839206 A JPH0839206 A JP H0839206A
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- Prior art keywords
- steel
- continuous casting
- immersion nozzle
- concentration
- alloy
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Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】 Ti含有Cr系合金鋼、ステンレス鋼の連続
鋳造における浸漬ノズル付着量を著しく軽減する。
【構成】 Ti:0.01〜5%含有するCr系合金鋼
あるいはステンレス鋼の連続鋳造するにあたり、鋼中A
l濃度を0.75Ti/10(0.025Cr+1.1)%以下に調
整すると共に、鋼中Ca濃度を0.0001〜0.00
10%に調整する。
【効果】 連続鋳造の生産性の安定化と製品品質の向上
を図ることができる。
(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To significantly reduce the amount of immersion nozzle adhesion in continuous casting of Ti-containing Cr alloy steel and stainless steel. [Structure] Ti: In the continuous casting of a Cr alloy steel or stainless steel containing 0.01 to 5%, A in the steel
1 concentration is adjusted to 0.75 Ti / 10 (0.025Cr + 1.1) % or less, and Ca concentration in steel is 0.0001 to 0.00
Adjust to 10%. [Effect] The productivity of continuous casting can be stabilized and the product quality can be improved.
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、Tiを含有するCr
系合金鋼、ステンレス鋼(以下Ti含有Cr鋼という)
の連続鋳造における浸漬ノズルの閉塞防止方法に関す
る。This invention relates to a Cr containing Ti.
Series alloy steel, stainless steel (hereinafter referred to as Ti-containing Cr steel)
Relates to a method for preventing blockage of a submerged nozzle in continuous casting.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】連続鋳造における浸漬ノズルの閉塞は、
鋳造速度を低下せしめ、生産能率を阻害するばかりでな
く、閉塞物が鋳造中に剥離して鋳片に混入し、鋳片品質
に著しい悪影響を与える場合があり、その防止が必要と
されている。連続鋳造において浸漬ノズルの閉塞が問題
となるのは、一般に溶鋼をAlで脱酸するアルミキルド
鋼である。鋼中[Al]は、連続鋳造工程で二次酸化さ
れるとAl2O3が析出するが、このAl2O3はクラスタ
ー(凝集物)を形成し易く、容易に浸漬ノズルに付着し
て閉塞を引き起こす。2. Description of the Related Art Blockage of a dipping nozzle in continuous casting is
It not only slows down the casting speed and hinders the production efficiency, but also the blockages may peel off during casting and mix into the slab, which may have a significant adverse effect on the slab quality, and its prevention is required. . The problem of blockage of the immersion nozzle in continuous casting is generally aluminum killed steel in which molten steel is deoxidized with Al. When [Al] in steel is secondary-oxidized in the continuous casting process, Al 2 O 3 precipitates, but this Al 2 O 3 easily forms clusters (aggregates) and easily adheres to the immersion nozzle. Cause obstruction.
【0003】Ti含有Cr系鋼においては、連続鋳造工
程の前の二次精錬、例えば、AOD炉、VOD炉、RH
炉あるいは取鍋精錬において、Ti合金を添加する際、
Tiの強力な酸化力によってスラグ中のAl2O3が還元
され、鋼中Al濃度が上昇することが一般に知られてお
り、あるいはTi添加歩留を安定化させるために意図的
にTi添加前にAlを添加する場合もある。いずれにし
ても、Ti含有Cr鋼の溶鋼中にも[Al]が存在し、
連続鋳造工程で二次酸化された場合はアルミキルド鋼と
同様にAl2O3を主体としたAl2O3−TiO2系の複
合酸化物が析出し、浸漬ノズルに付着して成長する。For Ti-containing Cr-based steels, secondary refining before the continuous casting process, for example, AOD furnace, VOD furnace, RH
In the furnace or ladle refining, when adding Ti alloy,
It is generally known that Al 2 O 3 in the slag is reduced by the strong oxidizing power of Ti and the Al concentration in steel rises, or intentionally before Ti addition to stabilize the Ti addition yield. In some cases Al may be added. In any case, [Al] is present in the molten steel of the Ti-containing Cr steel,
When secondary oxidation is performed in the continuous casting process, an Al 2 O 3 —TiO 2 -based complex oxide mainly composed of Al 2 O 3 is deposited as in the case of aluminum killed steel, and adheres to the immersion nozzle to grow.
【0004】連続鋳造工程における浸漬ノズルの閉塞防
止方法としては、浸漬ノズル本体内の長さ方向にノズル
孔と近接し、かつスラグパウダーを跨ぐように設けられ
た環状のガス均圧帯とを具備した浸漬ノズル(特開昭5
6−102357号公報)や、ガススリーブノズルやポ
ーラスノズル、ガス吹込みストッパなどを使用し、浸漬
ノズル内にガスを吹込んで不活性ガス被膜でAl2O3の
析出を防止する方法等が一般的に採用されている。ま
た、Tiを0.05%以上、Alを0.01%以上含有
するアルミキルド鋼またはアルミシリコンキルド鋼を連
続鋳造するにあたり、タンディッシュ内溶鋼が0.00
1〜0.0047%のCaを含むように成分調整する方
法(特公昭63−41671号公報)等のように溶鋼中
にCaを添加する方法との二つの方法がある。As a method for preventing the immersion nozzle from being clogged in the continuous casting process, an annular gas pressure equalizing zone is provided so as to be close to the nozzle hole in the length direction within the immersion nozzle body and to straddle the slag powder. Immersion nozzle (JP-A-5
No. 6-102357), gas sleeve nozzles, porous nozzles, gas blowing stoppers, etc. are used to blow gas into the immersion nozzle to prevent precipitation of Al 2 O 3 with an inert gas film. Has been adopted as In continuous casting of aluminum killed steel or aluminum silicon killed steel containing 0.05% or more of Ti and 0.01% or more of Al, the molten steel in the tundish is 0.00
There are two methods, such as a method of adjusting the composition so as to contain 1 to 0.0047% of Ca (Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-41671) and a method of adding Ca to molten steel.
【0005】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記特開昭56−10
2357号公報等に開示の浸漬ノズル内にガスを吹き込
む方法や、特公昭63−41671号公報等に開示の溶
鋼中にCaを添加する方法は、いずれも浸漬ノズル付着
物をAl2O3またはAl2O3を主体とした複合酸化物と
見なして、その防止方法を提案するものであって、浸漬
ノズル付着物の組成と鋼中成分との関係についての観点
から、浸漬ノズル付着物の防止について言及したもので
はない。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
The method of blowing gas into the immersion nozzle disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2357, etc., and the method of adding Ca to molten steel disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-41671 Japanese Patent No. 63-41671 all include Al 2 O 3 or A composite oxide mainly composed of Al 2 O 3 is considered, and a method of preventing it is proposed. From the viewpoint of the relationship between the composition of the immersion nozzle deposit and the components in the steel, the prevention of the immersion nozzle deposit Is not mentioned.
【0006】この発明の目的は、Ti含有Cr鋼の連続
鋳造において、浸漬ノズルに付着する酸化物をTiO2
系酸化物に制御することによって、浸漬ノズル付着量を
著しく軽減できるTi含有Cr鋼の連続鋳造時の浸漬ノ
ズル閉塞防止方法を提供することにある。It is an object of the present invention to remove oxides adhering to a dipping nozzle from TiO 2 in continuous casting of Ti-containing Cr steel.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing clogging of a dipping nozzle during continuous casting of Ti-containing Cr steel, which can remarkably reduce the adhesion amount of the dipping nozzle by controlling to a system oxide.
【0007】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、上記目的
を達成すべくTi含有Cr鋼の連続鋳造において、溶鋼
中の成分と浸漬ノズル付着物の形態および組成との関係
に着眼して鋭意試験研究を重ねた。その結果、Ti含有
Cr鋼において鋼中Al濃度およびCa濃度を調整する
ことによって、浸漬ノズルに付着する酸化物をAl2O3
のきわめて少ないTiO2系酸化物に制御することがで
き、浸漬ノズル付着物を著しく軽減できることを究明
し、この発明に到達した。In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have focused on the relationship between the components in molten steel and the morphology and composition of deposits on immersion nozzles in continuous casting of Ti-containing Cr steel. Repeated earnest test research. As a result, by adjusting the Al concentration and Ca concentration in the Ti-containing Cr steel, the oxides adhering to the immersion nozzle can be removed by Al 2 O 3
It was found that the amount of TiO 2 -based oxide can be controlled to be extremely small and the deposits on the immersion nozzle can be significantly reduced, and the present invention has been reached.
【0008】すなわちこの発明は、Ti:0.01〜5
%を含有するTi含有Cr鋼を連続鋳造するにあたり、
鋼中Al濃度を0.75Ti/10(0.025Cr+1.1)%以
下に調整すると共に、鋼中Ca濃度を0.0001〜
0.0010%に調整することを特徴とするTi含有C
r鋼の連続鋳造時の浸漬ノズル閉塞防止方法である。That is, according to the present invention, Ti: 0.01 to 5
%, In continuously casting Ti-containing Cr steel,
The Al concentration in the steel is adjusted to 0.75Ti / 10 (0.025Cr + 1.1) % or less, and the Ca concentration in the steel is 0.0001 to
Ti-containing C characterized by adjusting to 0.0010%
This is a method for preventing the immersion nozzle from being clogged during continuous casting of r steel.
【0009】[0009]
【作用】一般にAl、Tiを含有する溶鋼の脱酸生成物
は、鋼中[Al]、[Ti]、[O]と平衡するAl2
O3、TiO2の熱力学的計算から、図1に示すような関
係にある。図1中の(イ)はAl2O3が析出する領域で
あり、(ロ)はTiO2が析出する領域である。前記T
i含有Cr鋼では、二次精錬工程においてTi合金を添
加する際、スラグ中に存在するAl2O3とTiが下記
(1)式に示すように反応し、Al濃度が上昇する。 2Al2O3+3Ti→3TiO2+4Al………………………(1)式 この結果、溶鋼中には、TiとAlが同時に存在するこ
とになり、連続鋳造工程において二次酸化された場合、
その時点のAl濃度およびTi濃度の割合によって、図
1中の(イ)の領域または(ロ)の領域の酸化物を生成
する。通常Ti添加によるAl濃度の上昇は比較的大き
く、(イ)の領域となってAl2O3が主体に生成するた
め、浸漬ノズルにAl2O3を主体とするAl2O3−Ti
O2系の酸化物が付着し、ノズル閉塞を生じる。In general, the deoxidation product of molten steel containing Al and Ti is Al 2 which equilibrates with [Al], [Ti] and [O] in the steel.
From the thermodynamic calculation of O 3 and TiO 2, the relationship is as shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, (a) is a region where Al 2 O 3 is deposited, and (b) is a region where TiO 2 is deposited. The T
In i-containing Cr steel, when a Ti alloy is added in the secondary refining step, Al 2 O 3 and Ti present in the slag react as shown in the following formula (1), and the Al concentration increases. 2Al 2 O 3 + 3Ti → 3TiO 2 + 4Al ………………………… (1) As a result, Ti and Al are present in the molten steel at the same time, and they are secondary-oxidized in the continuous casting process. If
Depending on the ratio of the Al concentration and the Ti concentration at that time, the oxide in the region (a) or the region (b) in FIG. 1 is generated. Usually, the increase in Al concentration due to the addition of Ti is relatively large, and since Al 2 O 3 is mainly generated in the region (a), Al 2 O 3 -Ti mainly containing Al 2 O 3 in the immersion nozzle is used.
O 2 -based oxide adheres to cause nozzle clogging.
【0010】これに対しこの発明は、図1に示すAl2
O3、TiO2の析出境界を研究した結果、下記(2)式
で示される関係にあることを見い出した。 Al=0.75Ti/10(0.025Cr+1.1)……………………(2)式 すなわち、鋼中Al濃度を0.75Ti/10
(0.025Cr+1.1)%以下にすることによって、連続鋳造工
程における二次酸化によって析出する酸化物は、TiO
2を主体としたTiO2−Al2O3系酸化物となる。さら
に、鋼中にCaが存在すると、Caは析出したAl2O3
と反応して低融点のCaO・Al2O3(カルシウム・ア
ルミネート)を形成するが、このCaO・Al2O3は鋳
造温度(1450〜1550℃)においては液相状態で
あるため、溶鋼と共に浸漬ノズルを通過する。On the other hand, the present invention is based on Al 2 shown in FIG.
As a result of studying the precipitation boundary between O 3 and TiO 2 , it was found that the relationship is represented by the following formula (2). Al = 0.75Ti / 10 (0.025Cr + 1.1 ) Equation (2) That is, the Al concentration in the steel is 0.75Ti / 10.
When the content is (0.025Cr + 1.1) % or less, the oxide precipitated by the secondary oxidation in the continuous casting process becomes TiO 2.
2 a TiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 based oxide composed mainly of. Furthermore, when Ca is present in the steel, Ca is precipitated Al 2 O 3
Reacts with CaO · Al 2 O 3 (calcium aluminate) having a low melting point, but since this CaO · Al 2 O 3 is in a liquid phase state at the casting temperature (1450 to 1550 ° C.), molten steel With the dipping nozzle.
【0011】したがって、この発明においては、鋼中A
l濃度を0.75Ti/10(0.025Cr+1.1)%以下に調
整すると共に、鋼中Ca濃度を0.0001〜0.00
10%に調整することによって、連続鋳造工程における
二次酸化でのAl2O3の析出が著しく低減され、TiO
2を主体としたTiO2−Al2O3系酸化物となると共
に、Caは析出したAl2O3と反応して低融点のCaO
・Al2O3(カルシウム・アルミネート)を形成し、浸
漬ノズルには付着せず、溶鋼と共に浸漬ノズルを通過す
ることとなり、浸漬ノズル付着物を著しく軽減できる。Therefore, in the present invention, in steel A
1 concentration is adjusted to 0.75 Ti / 10 (0.025Cr + 1.1) % or less, and Ca concentration in steel is 0.0001 to 0.00
By adjusting to 10%, the precipitation of Al 2 O 3 in the secondary oxidation in the continuous casting process is significantly reduced, and
2 becomes a TiO 2 —Al 2 O 3 based oxide mainly, and Ca reacts with the precipitated Al 2 O 3 and has a low melting point of CaO.
-Al 2 O 3 (calcium aluminate) is formed, does not adhere to the immersion nozzle, and passes through the immersion nozzle together with the molten steel, so that the deposits on the immersion nozzle can be significantly reduced.
【0012】この発明において、Ti含有Cr鋼中のT
i含有率を0.01〜5%としたのは、0.01%未満
では連続鋳造工程における二次酸化でのAl2O3の析出
がきわめて少なく、浸漬ノズルの閉塞問題が生じない。
また、Ti含有率が5%を超えると効果が飽和し、経済
的に不利となるからである。また、この発明において、
鋼中Al濃度を0.75Ti/10(0.025Cr+1.1)%以
下としたのは、鋼中Al濃度が0.75Ti/10
(0.025Cr+1.1)%を超えると、連続鋳造工程における二
次酸化によって析出する酸化物は、Al2O3を主体とす
るAl2O3−TiO2系酸化物となり、浸漬ノズルに付
着するからである。さらに、この発明において、鋼中の
Ca含有率を0.0001〜0.0010%としたの
は、0.0001%未満では、浸漬ノズルの閉塞防止に
効果がなく、また、0.0010%を超えると鋼の耐食
性劣化を招くためである。In the present invention, T in Cr steel containing Ti is
When the i content is 0.01 to 5%, if it is less than 0.01%, the precipitation of Al 2 O 3 in the secondary oxidation in the continuous casting step is extremely small, and the problem of clogging of the immersion nozzle does not occur.
Further, if the Ti content exceeds 5%, the effect is saturated, which is economically disadvantageous. Further, in this invention,
The Al concentration in the steel is 0.75Ti / 10 (0.025Cr + 1.1) % or less because the Al concentration in the steel is 0.75Ti / 10.
Exceeds (0.025Cr + 1.1)%, oxide deposited by secondary oxidation in the continuous casting process, becomes Al 2 O 3 -TiO 2 based oxide mainly composed of Al 2 O 3, adheres to the immersion nozzle Because. Further, in the present invention, the Ca content in the steel is set to 0.0001 to 0.0010% because when it is less than 0.0001%, there is no effect for preventing the clogging of the immersion nozzle, and 0.0010% is set. This is because the corrosion resistance of steel is deteriorated if it exceeds.
【0013】[0013]
【実施例】AOD炉に溶銑60Tonおよび高炭素Fe
−Cr合金30Tonを投入して精錬を行ったのち、取
鍋に出鋼して金属Alを添加して鋼中Al濃度が0.0
3%となるよう調整したのち、Ti合金およびCa合金
を添加して表1に示すA成分の合金鋼を得た。また、A
OD炉に溶銑60Tonおよび高炭素Fe−Cr合金3
0Tonを投入し、精錬段階から金属Alの使用を抑制
してスラグ中のAl2O3濃度を極力低減させたのち、取
鍋に出鋼してTi合金およびCa合金を添加して表1に
示すB成分の合金鋼を得た。得られたA成分およびB成
分の合金鋼は、取鍋からタンディッシュに注入し、過熱
度30〜40℃、鋳込み速度0.7m/min、鋳造時
間3時間(3連鋳)で厚さ200mm、幅1200mm
のスラブに連続鋳造したのち、浸漬ノズルを回収して付
着物の厚みおよび付着物組成を調査した。その結果を図
2および表2に示す。また、鋼中Al濃度およびTi濃
度の関係を図3に示す。[Example] Hot metal 60 Ton and high carbon Fe in AOD furnace
-Cr alloy 30Ton was added and refining was performed, and then the steel was tapped into a ladle and metallic Al was added to the steel so that the Al concentration in the steel was 0.0.
After adjusting to 3%, Ti alloy and Ca alloy were added to obtain alloy steel of A component shown in Table 1. Also, A
Hot metal 60Ton and high carbon Fe-Cr alloy 3 in OD furnace
After adding 0 Ton and suppressing the use of metallic Al from the refining stage to reduce the concentration of Al 2 O 3 in the slag as much as possible, tap steel was added to the ladle and Ti alloy and Ca alloy were added. The B alloy steel shown was obtained. The obtained alloy steels of A component and B component were poured into a tundish from a ladle, and the superheat was 30 to 40 ° C., the casting speed was 0.7 m / min, the casting time was 3 hours (three continuous casting), and the thickness was 200 mm. , Width 1200 mm
After continuous casting on the slab, the immersion nozzle was recovered and the thickness and composition of the deposit were investigated. The results are shown in FIG. 2 and Table 2. Further, FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the Al concentration and the Ti concentration in the steel.
【0014】[0014]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0015】[0015]
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0016】図2に示すとおり、A成分の溶鋼の場合
は、厚さ7〜8mmの付着物が浸漬ノズルに付着してお
り、前記(2)式の関係からAl2O3析出領域となり、
表2に示すとおり、多量のAl2O3が検出されている。
これに対し鋼中Al濃度を抑制した図2に示すB成分の
溶鋼の場合は、前記(2)式の関係からTiO2析出領
域となり、表2に示すとおり、浸漬ノズルの付着物もT
iO2系が主体となって、浸漬ノズル付着厚さ1mmと
きわめて大幅に低減されている。このことは、図3から
も確認することができる。As shown in FIG. 2, in the case of the molten steel of the component A, the deposit having a thickness of 7 to 8 mm is attached to the immersion nozzle, which becomes the Al 2 O 3 precipitation region from the relation of the above formula (2),
As shown in Table 2, a large amount of Al 2 O 3 was detected.
On the other hand, in the case of the B component molten steel shown in FIG. 2 in which the Al concentration in the steel is suppressed, the TiO 2 precipitation region is formed from the relationship of the above formula (2), and as shown in Table 2, the deposits on the immersion nozzle are also T
With the iO 2 system as the main component, the adhesion thickness of the immersion nozzle is 1 mm, which is extremely reduced. This can be confirmed also from FIG.
【0017】[0017]
【発明の効果】以上述べたとおり、この発明方法によれ
ば、連続鋳造における浸漬ノズルの閉塞を防止でき、連
続鋳造の生産性の安定化と製品品質の向上を図ることが
でき、製鋼工程においてきわめて有用な効果がもたらさ
れる。As described above, according to the method of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the immersion nozzle from being clogged in continuous casting, to stabilize the productivity of continuous casting and to improve the product quality. It has a very useful effect.
【図1】鋼中Al、Ti、Oと平衡するAl2O3および
TiO2の存在範囲の熱力学的な概略図である。FIG. 1 is a thermodynamic schematic diagram of the existence range of Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2 in equilibrium with Al, Ti, and O in steel.
【図2】この発明の実施例における浸漬ノズルの付着状
況を示す説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state of attachment of the immersion nozzle in the embodiment of the present invention.
【図3】この発明の実施例における鋼中Al濃度および
Ti濃度の関係を示すグラフである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between Al concentration and Ti concentration in steel in the example of the present invention.
Claims (1)
合金鋼あるいはステンレス鋼を連続鋳造するにあたり、
鋼中Al含有率を0.75Ti/10(0.025Cr+1.1)%
以下に調整すると共に、鋼中Ca含有率を0.0001
〜0.0010%に調整することを特徴とするTi含有
Cr鋼の連続鋳造時の浸漬ノズル閉塞防止方法。1. When continuously casting a Cr alloy steel or stainless steel containing Ti: 0.01 to 5%,
The Al content in steel is 0.75Ti / 10 (0.025Cr + 1.1) %
The content of Ca in the steel is adjusted to 0.0001 while adjusting to
The method for preventing clogging of immersion nozzle during continuous casting of Ti-containing Cr steel is characterized by adjusting to 0.0010%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19475494A JP2867888B2 (en) | 1994-07-26 | 1994-07-26 | Method of preventing immersion nozzle clogging during continuous casting of Ti-containing Cr steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19475494A JP2867888B2 (en) | 1994-07-26 | 1994-07-26 | Method of preventing immersion nozzle clogging during continuous casting of Ti-containing Cr steel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0839206A true JPH0839206A (en) | 1996-02-13 |
| JP2867888B2 JP2867888B2 (en) | 1999-03-10 |
Family
ID=16329684
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19475494A Expired - Lifetime JP2867888B2 (en) | 1994-07-26 | 1994-07-26 | Method of preventing immersion nozzle clogging during continuous casting of Ti-containing Cr steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2867888B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1006208A4 (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 2003-03-05 | Nippon Steel Corp | THIN SHEET STEEL HAVING EXCELLENT MACHINING ABILITY AND DEOXIDATION PROCESS THEREOF |
| JP2007056372A (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2007-03-08 | Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd | Ti-containing Fe-Cr-Ni steel excellent in surface properties and casting method thereof |
-
1994
- 1994-07-26 JP JP19475494A patent/JP2867888B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1006208A4 (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 2003-03-05 | Nippon Steel Corp | THIN SHEET STEEL HAVING EXCELLENT MACHINING ABILITY AND DEOXIDATION PROCESS THEREOF |
| JP2007056372A (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2007-03-08 | Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd | Ti-containing Fe-Cr-Ni steel excellent in surface properties and casting method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2867888B2 (en) | 1999-03-10 |
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