JPH0842967A - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] Efficiently dry grains in a circulation type dryer equipped with a plurality of simplified drying towers. [Structure] A shutter 4 is provided at an interval along a feeding direction of a feeding conveyor 3, a drying tower 1 is provided below the shutter 4, and a burner 14 and a blower 13 using a variable inverter are provided in the drying tower 1. The circulation tower 2 was provided in the drying tower 1, and the level meter 15 for detecting the height of the stored grain was provided in the drying tower. Since the blower 13 is operated at a low speed to remove dust, a dust removing fan becomes unnecessary. Also, the drying tower 1
Since it is possible to detect the amount of the grain to be fed into the drying tower 1, the grains can be sequentially added to the drying tower 1 without excess or deficiency, and the efficiency of the drying tower 1 can be increased.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grain dryer installed in a grain management facility or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, grains received at grain control centers are stored in silos and storage bins. At this time, a drying process is performed to manage and store the water content in the grain, and dust generated during the transportation is removed or sucked out by the fan of the dust removing device.

Grains generate dust while being conveyed by a conveyor and put into a drying chamber. Therefore, a dust discharge port or a suction port is provided near the loading port of the drying chamber to remove dust. . Grains in the drying chamber are dried by dehumidified air or hot air, and the dehumidified air or hot air has an appropriate selective value depending on mechanical efficiency. Therefore, there is a system in which a predetermined amount of grains is put into the drying chamber.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned equipment, if the plurality of drying chambers corresponding to the drying chambers are uniformly charged so as to be dried, the amount of the added grain (the amount of grains in the drying chambers) is increased. If the amount of grain is not so large, there is a problem that the drying room is overused and fuel costs and other costs are incurred. Further, as the drying progresses, the grain volume will decrease, and the utilization rate of the drying room will be low, which will be extra uneconomical. For this reason, a great deal of labor is required to redistribute the powder into the drying chamber. In addition, it is a very troublesome work because it is necessary to always check the dry amount whether or not to redistribute.

Further, when dehumidified air or hot air passes through the inlet / outlet formed on the side wall of the drying chamber, the grain in the upper layer is scattered by the dry air flowing upward when the volume of the stake amount due to the drying is reduced. There is a possibility that the moisture content of the paddy will be uneven. In addition, there may be a problem in stopping the drying.

In addition to the above, a drying fan is provided to discharge the air from the drying chamber, but a dust removing fan is also required, which requires facility cost. Also, it is a work that must be done after the completion of drying,
It is often a complicated task depending on the convenience of the device.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a grain dryer adapted to be operated according to the amount of grain.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides shutters at intervals along the feeding direction of a feeding conveyor and a drying tower below the shutters.
A burner for drying the air sent to the drying tower, a blower using a variable inverter for sending the air dried by the burner into the drying tower, and a circulation elevator for recharging the grains in the drying tower near the drying tower And a level meter for detecting the height of the stored grains is provided in the drying tower.

In the above structure, a second loading conveyor having a shutter for equalization and a charging port is provided below the shutter and the discharge port of the circulation elevator, and a pair of connecting means is connected to the shutter for balancing and the charging port. A drying tower is provided, and a plurality of the level meters are arranged in each drying tower.

Further, the dry air inlet / outlet by the burner and the blower is formed at a desired height position on the side wall of the drying tower, and an end amount damper is attached.

For the speed setting of the blower, the signal sent from the computer is received by the inverter, and the speed is changed according to the change of the signal to adjust the blown air volume.

[0012]

The present invention is configured as described above, and by opening the shutter, the grains sent by the feeding conveyor are fed into the drying tower in a fixed amount. At the time of grain input, the blower is operated at a low speed by the inverter to reduce the air flow.
Then, the shutter is closed when the desired amount of swelling is reached by adding the grain, and the grain is circulated by the circulation elevator while being dried.

When the amount of swelling is small at the time of drying, the blower is similarly operated at a low speed. Also, when the volume of grain in the drying tower is reduced by drying, the level meter detects it,
The grain is sent out from the circulation elevator to the grain in another drying tower.

In the apparatus in which the drying towers are installed as a pair, the second feeding conveyor doses a fixed amount from the feeding port, and then the shutter for equalization is opened to feed the grain to the other drying tower. throw into. The total amount of stake is controlled by looking at the level meter. When there is not enough quantity to use two drying towers, the circulation elevator is operated and the whole quantity is put into one drying tower.

Further, when the amount of grain input is small, dry air flows above the grain (the total amount) of grain and the grain circulated is overdried. Close the end weight damper above the position. As a result, a large amount of dry air flowing downward flows into the grain. A static pressure sensor is installed on the hot air hood so that the static pressure is always constant to control the speed of the inverter.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the grain dryer shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of drying towers 1 and circulation elevators 2 are combined and installed in parallel, and a feeding conveyor 3 is provided above. The shutter 4 provided on the feeding conveyor 3 is provided with an operation detecting portion 5 to control the amount of grain fed into the drying tower 1. A second charging conveyor 8 having a discharging shutter 6 and a charging port 7 is arranged below the discharging port of the circulation elevator 2 and the charging port 7 is directed to the upper part of the drying tower 1. The shutter 6 is connected to a pipe that communicates with the discharge conveyor 9.

A funnel 10 is connected to the lower part of the drying tower 1,
A rotary valve (not shown) is provided at the connecting point. Further, a relay conveyor 11 is provided below the funnel 10, and a discharge port of the relay conveyor 11 is connected to a charging port of the circulation elevator 2.

On the side wall of the drying tower 1, there is a hot air hood 12 and a blower.
13 is attached, and the hot air hood 12 is formed with a ventilation port so that the dry air treated by the burner 14 passes through the inside of the drying tower 1. The dry air that has passed through the drying tower 1 is discharged from the blower 13 to the outside. The blower 13 uses an AC motor, and the rotation speed is continuously variable by an inverter. Further, a static pressure sensor is installed in the hot air hood 12 so that the inside of the drying tower 1 always has a constant static pressure, and the speed of the blower 13 is controlled by an inverter. This allows the burner
Prevent incomplete combustion of 14. In addition, a level meter 15 is installed in the drying tower 1 to detect the presence / absence of grains based on the height depending on the amount of grain loaded. In addition, a moisture meter 16 is installed in the middle of drying and circulating the grain to measure the finishing moisture content of the grain.

When the grain is carried into the position of the drying tower 1, the carrying-in speed of the conveyor is 40 in the receiving operation here.
Tons / h, and 30 tons / h when taken out from the silo and dried. Since the blower 13 only drives out the dust in the drying tower 1 at the time of adding the grain, it operates at a low speed. In addition, at the time of drying, the speed of rotation is increased to increase the air volume for drying. The grain is dried in the drying tower 1 while being circulated by the circulation elevator 2. Then, when the moisture content of the grain becomes sufficient by the moisture meter 16, the burner 14 is stopped, the grain is moved upward by the circulation elevator 2, and the grain is made to flow down from the discharge shutter 6 to the discharge conveyor 9. These processes are controlled by a computer, and a level meter (upper) 15,
By inputting the output of the moisture meter 16, the shutter 4 and the shutter 6 are opened and closed, and the blower 13 and the burner 14 are started and stopped.

In the above drying apparatus, the amount of grain to be fed can be set to a predetermined amount by the level meter 15 in each drying tower 1, the blower 13 is operated at a low speed at the time of introduction to remove dust, and the blower 13 is set at the time of drying. It is possible to control and increase the number of rotations to increase the amount of air blow and to dry. Further, when the amount of air blown in is small, the amount of air blown can be made small, and an appropriate amount of dry air can be sent. Or, if the amount of swelling is less than the minimum planned dry amount, the blower 13 is operated at the dust removal speed (low speed) to circulate the grain to prevent the grain from deteriorating and mixing it with the receiving rice of the next day to dry it. be able to. Therefore, when the amount of the swelling is less than the minimum planned dry amount, it is not necessary to put it in, for example, a container outside the drying tower to ventilate and wait for drying until the next day.

Another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The drying apparatus shown in FIG. 2 has a pair of drying towers A and B, and a chute switching valve 17 for sending grain to the next stage or the second feeding conveyor 8 is provided at the discharge port of the circulation elevator 2. Shutter 6 and charging port 7 for equalization of second charging conveyor 8
Are in communication with the drying towers A and B, respectively. An upper level meter 15, a middle level meter 18 and a lower level meter 19 are installed at each height position in the drying towers A and B, and an extra dry air passage is closed at the dry air ventilation port. A medium end amount damper 20 and a lower end amount damper 21 are provided. Further, an upper limit level meter 22 for detecting an abnormality in the amount of swelling is provided above each of the drying towers A and B. A relay conveyor 11 is connected to the lower part of the funnel 10 and is connected to the discharge conveyor 9 or the inlet of the circulation elevator 2. The moisture meter 16 is installed in the sample line 23.

The operation of the dryer will be described with reference to FIG. First, the grain is carried in from the cargo receiving or silo (step 1 (S1)) and is sent to the second feeding conveyor 8 through the shutter. In the second feeding conveyor 8, if the proportioning shutter 6 is kept closed, the grain passes and the grain enters the drying tower B from the feeding port 7 (S2). Blower 13
Is operated at dust removal speed. Amount of grain input x
Is detected by the lower level meter 19 (S3), the predetermined amount of swelling has been reached, and the detection signal is input to the computer to activate the proportional shutter 6. When the equalizing shutter 6 is opened, the grain is put into the drying tower A (S
4). In the drying tower B, if the lower level meter 19 does not detect the total amount from the cargo receiving or silo (less than the minimum planned dry amount), it is circulated (S5) to prevent the deterioration of grain and By keeping it safe for a day, it can be dried again in the drying tower B together with the receiving rice on the next day.

In the drying tower A, when the amount of swelling x is detected by the lower level meter 19 (S6), it is uniformly distributed to the drying towers A and B (S7). When the amount of stake x is small, the grain in the drying tower A is discharged, and the grain is reintroduced into the drying tower B by the circulation elevator 2 to be combined with the grain inside (S
8). Then, only the drying tower B is operated to perform drying or circulation (S9).

Next, at the stage where the initial amount of expansion in the drying towers A and B is controlled to the same level, the drying towers A and B are continuously and equally charged. Then, in the middle of the process, it is confirmed by the middle level meter 18 and the upper level meter 15 that the equalization is carried out, and the signal of the completion of the procedure is waited (S10). By this procedure, the grains are put into the pair of drying towers A and B one after another. Then, the drying towers A and B which have finished the stake dry the grains inside (S1).
1). During drying, 15 high level meters or medium level meters
Make sure that it is evenly charged at 18.

Next, detailed operation of the drying device will be described. If the uniform feeding is performed from the beginning, when the amount of the dry towers A and B to be charged is small, it is necessary to collect the dry towers in one of the dry towers again, which wastes time. Therefore, at first, it is continuously fed into the drying tower B without performing the equalization until the minimum planned dry amount is reached. In addition, the minimum planned dry amount and the amount of stake at the time of uniform distribution can be separated by adjusting the level meter. Further, when the amount is small, it is circulated in the drying tower, so that a dedicated container for waiting for drying until the next day is not required, so the equipment cost can be reduced.

When the lower level meter 19 of the drying tower A is off at the end of the step S6 in step 6, the stacking control is started at the same time when the drying (circulation) operation is started. The specific required time is about 50 minutes (46 minutes) when the transport speed is 15 tons / h and the capacity at that time is 11.5 tons. First, the shutter 6 for equalization is closed so that only the drying tower B can be charged. Extinguish the burner 14 in the drying tower A, blower
13 is a low speed, the middle end amount damper 20 and the lower end amount damper 21 are both closed, and the rotary valve operates by ignoring the signal of the lower level meter 19. In the drying tower B, when the medium level meter 18 is turned on by stacking, the medium end amount damper 20 is opened and the blower 13 is switched to high speed. After the operation is completed, the rotary valve on the drying tower A side and the blower 13 are stopped.

When one of the lower level meters 19 is turned off during the drying (circulation), the rotary valve of the drying tower of the one that is turned off (the one with less grain) is stopped, Grains from the other drying tower can be continuously circulated into this drying tower. If the lower level meter 19 does not turn on within a few minutes after starting the above control, a malfunction of the lower level meter 19 is considered and an alarm is output as an abnormality.
On the contrary, when the lower level meter 19 of the drying tower on the opposite side is turned off within a few minutes, it is judged that there is no large proportional difference and it is judged that the drying tower can be stacked.

The even control after the start of drying is performed by the detection signal of the level meter, and the circulation type dryer can never increase the amount from the initial amount charged, so when the upper limit level meter 22 operates. It seems that the amount on the drying tower A side has decreased extremely due to poor equalization, so an alarm is issued and the upper limit level meter 22 is turned off by opening the equalization shutter 6 continuously. wait. Conventionally, when the upper limit level meter 22 is turned on, an emergency operation route is immediately stopped. However, since there is a check of the injection to the drying tower A, there is room for not performing an emergency stop. When an emergency stop is performed, the grain stops inside the carrier (circulation elevator 2 and funnel 10), so restarting is troublesome and troublesome, but it disappears.

When the upper limit level meter 22 does not turn off after waiting for a few minutes after starting the above control, the circulation is stopped and the level meter and the rotary valve are inspected.

During the drying, when the upper level meter 15 of the drying tower B is turned on and the medium level meter 18 of the drying tower A is turned off, if the drying is continued with a uniform difference, uneven drying can be achieved. For this reason, the equalizing shutter 6 is opened for a certain period of time so as to continuously charge the drying tower A on the side where the amount of swelling is decreasing. With this, the grain is circulated into the drying tower A, the amount of the grain can be adjusted, and the grain can be uniformly dried again. Also,
When one of the medium level meters 18 is turned off, the drying tower of which the medium level meter 18 is turned off may be continuously charged and adjusted. Furthermore, when a few minutes after the start of the equalization adjustment, the medium level gauges 18 of both drying towers turned off, it was judged that there was no significant equalization difference.
After that, the control of the uniform adjustment by the medium level meter 18 is not performed.

If the level meter malfunctions, an alarm is issued and the operator inspects and confirms it, and then a push button for performing even adjustment is pressed to restore the cycle.

In the automatic cooling after the completion of drying, the cooling time is changed depending on the amount of swelling. When the middle level meter 18 is on, cooling is performed for about 1.5 hours and the lower level meter 19 is on. If so, the control and timer are set so that cooling is performed for about 1.0 hour.
At the start of cooling, the burner 14 is immediately stopped at the stage when the set moisture of the atmosphere is determined to be a predetermined value by the signal from the moisture meter 16 and cooling is started. With this structure of the drying device, the atmosphere is well diffused and the tempering time is not required. Then, the drying is completed when the cooling is completed. The drying device outputs an alarm as a signal to stop and simultaneously stops the machine from the rotary valve to the blower 13.

[0033]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the present invention is a grain dryer configured as described above, the number of drying towers to be used can be efficiently controlled, and dust is removed by operating the blower at a low speed during grain input. As a result, it is not necessary to install a dust removal fan and the equipment cost can be reduced. In a facility with multiple sets of drying towers installed, one side of the drying towers can be operated collectively when one side of the drying tower is used when the amount of dried grains is reduced. You can do it. Further, since the dry air can be efficiently sent into the grain by the edge amount damper, the dry finish of the grain can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a grain dryer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a grain dryer according to another embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the grain dryer shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Drying Tower 2 Circulating Elevator 3 Input Conveyor 4 Shutter 6 Shutter 7 Input Port 8 Second Input Conveyor 13 Blower 14 Burner 15 Level Meter 18 Medium Level Meter 19 Lower Level Meter 20, 21 Edge Weight Damper A, B Drying Tower

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A burner for drying the air sent to the drying tower in the vicinity of the drying tower by providing a shutter at an interval along the conveying direction of the feeding conveyor and a drying tower below the shutter, and drying with the burner. A blower using a variable inverter for sending the generated air into the drying tower and a circulation elevator for recharging the grains in the drying tower are provided, and a level meter for detecting the height of the stored grains is provided in the drying tower. A grain dryer characterized by. 2. A second shutter having an equalizing shutter and an inlet below the shutter and the outlet of the circulation elevator.
2. The grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein the feeding conveyor is provided, a pair of drying towers is provided connected to the equalizing shutter and the feeding port, and a plurality of the level meters are provided in each drying tower. . 3. The grain according to claim 1, wherein an inlet / outlet for dry air by the burner and a blower is formed at a desired height position on a side wall of the drying tower, and an end weight damper is attached. Dryer.