JPH087115A - Image processing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [PROBLEMS] To provide an image processing method and apparatus capable of creating a desired moire pattern interference fringe without using a camera or the like. [Structure] When a user inputs an execution file name, an output image file name, various parameters, etc. from the command / parameter input device 1, the parameters are passed to the arithmetic unit 4 by the control unit 7, and the arithmetic unit 4 details Is calculated to create interference fringes due to the moire phenomenon described later. The image data of the created moire pattern is stored in the storage device 3 and is output from the display device 2 or the simple image output 5 as output image data as needed. Then, after the output image is confirmed by the above-mentioned output device, the image output device 6 makes a hard copy.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image processing method and apparatus, and more particularly to an image processing method and apparatus capable of producing a desired moire pattern interference fringe.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in FIGS.
A video camera and TV monitor were required to create interference fringes due to the special moire phenomenon. In addition, the pattern of the interference fringes to be created had a strong tendency to be observed by accident during the operation.

[0003]

Therefore, in the conventional method, in the case of creating this special moire pattern,
It took a lot of time to arrange the equipment and make the settings. Further, since the processing is performed in an analog manner, it is difficult to predict what kind of moire pattern will occur, and the reproducibility is poor.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an image processing method and apparatus capable of forming interference fringes of a desired moire pattern without using a camera or the like. .

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the image processing apparatus of the present invention has the following configuration.

That is, first setting means for setting the first and second patterns, second setting means for setting a predetermined relationship between the first and second patterns as a parameter, and the second setting means. Calculating means for calculating the interference fringes of the moire pattern by the first and second patterns set by the first setting means based on the parameters set by the second setting means; Output means for outputting the moire pattern interference fringes.

The image processing method according to the present invention has the following steps.

That is, a first setting step of setting the first and second patterns, a second setting step of setting a predetermined relationship between the first and second patterns as a parameter, and the second setting step. Based on the parameters set in the second setting step, a calculation step of calculating the interference fringes of the moire pattern by the first and second patterns set in the first setting step, and the calculation step Output means for outputting the moire pattern interference fringes.

[0009]

In this structure, the first and second patterns are set, the predetermined relationship between the first and second patterns is set as a parameter, and the first and second patterns are set based on the set parameters. The interference fringes of the moiré pattern based on the pattern are calculated, and the calculated interference fringes of the moiré pattern are output.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

<Description of Configuration> FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of the image processing apparatus in this embodiment. FIG.
In the above, 1 is a command input device for giving an instruction to each part or a parameter input device for giving an appropriate parameter, for example, a keyboard is used. A display device 2 is for displaying an input command / input parameter, a processed image or an output image after processing, and for example, a CRT is used. Reference numeral 3 is a storage device for storing processed images, output image data, and the like.

An arithmetic unit 4 is for performing arithmetic processing for image processing. Reference numeral 5 denotes a simple output device for making a hard copy of the processed image, and for example, a color laser image printer is used. 6 is an image output device for obtaining a hard copy, such as a digital
A film recorder is used. A control device 7 controls the command / parameter input device 1, the display device 2, the storage device 3, the arithmetic device 4, the simple image output device 5, and the image output device 6.

An outline of the operation of the present embodiment having such a configuration will be described according to the following data flow.

First, when a user inputs an execution file name, an output image file name, various parameters and the like from the command / parameter input device 1, the parameters are passed to the arithmetic device 4 by the control device 7 and then to the arithmetic device 4. In detail, a calculation for creating an interference fringe due to a moire phenomenon described later is performed.

Next, the image data of the created moire pattern is stored in the storage device 3 and, if necessary, is output from the display device 2 or the simple image output 5 as output image data. Then, after the output image is confirmed by the above-mentioned output device, the image output device 6 makes a hard copy.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the moire pattern interference fringes are created based on the input parameters without actually using a device such as a video camera.

<Description of Processing Method> FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure according to this embodiment. The processing method will be described below according to the flow of data.

First, in step S1, the control device 7
Inputs from the command / parameter input device 1 parameters corresponding to the form and arrangement of the light-emitting body of the CRT (TV monitor) which is the display device 2. The morphology and arrangement of the CRT light emitters are as shown in FIG. This is to transfer the three color lights of RGB to a panel on a monitor through a slit type shadow mask. Also, the stripes of each color and the pitch of the stripes are given as parameters. The average pitch between the slits of the shadow mask is 0.6 [mm].
In FIG. 3, 8 indicates a single cell of each color in the scanning monitor RGB decomposition diagram of the television monitor, and 9 indicates one pixel on the scanning line of the television monitor.

Then, in step S2, parameters corresponding to the form and arrangement of the optical filters of the video camera are input from the command / parameter input device 1. The form and arrangement of the optical filters of the video camera are as shown in FIG. 4, for example. In FIG. 4, 10 indicates one pixel on the optical filter of the video camera.

Next, in step S3, the controller 7
Input the parameter corresponding to the enlargement ratio of the video camera. Here, how to give the enlargement ratio will be described below.

FIG. 5 corresponds to a one-pixel optical filter portion of a video camera, and FIG. 6 corresponds to a one-pixel light emitting portion of a television monitor. 7 to 9 are diagrams for explaining the enlargement ratio of the video camera with respect to the television monitor, and show the range of the scanning line on the monitor where the area of one pixel of the video camera can be captured. In particular, FIG. 7 shows a case where one pixel of the television monitor and one pixel of the optical filter of the video camera have the same size. Further, FIG. 8 corresponds to the case where the image is taken at a lower magnification than that of FIG. 7, and shows that one pixel of the optical filter of the video camera captures several pixels of the television monitor. On the other hand, FIG. 9 shows that the image is taken at a higher magnification.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the close-up portion of the video camera is equal to the screen size of the television monitor, the enlargement ratio is 1.0. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the enlargement ratio is 1.0 or less when the close-up portion is larger than the monitor screen, and conversely, when the close-up portion is smaller than the monitor screen, enlargement is performed as shown in FIG. The rate is 1.0 or more. When the moire phenomenon occurs, this enlargement ratio is often 1.0 or more. Further, in FIGS. 7 to 9, reference numeral 11 denotes a photographing area of the optical filter of the video camera, and 12 denotes an area where the scanning line of the television monitor exists.

Next, in step S4, a rotation angle corresponding to how many times the video camera is rotated around an axis perpendicular to the television monitor and the monitor is shooting is given. For example, as shown in (a) to (c) of FIG. 10, the rotation angle of the video camera is given to the television monitor. In the figure, 1
Reference numeral 1 indicates a shooting area of the optical filter of the video camera.
Reference numeral 2 indicates an area where the scanning line of the television monitor exists. (A) to (c) shown in FIG. 10 are diagrams showing the relative relationship between the two regions when the images are taken counterclockwise from the top at rotational angles of 45 °, 30 °, and 135 °, respectively.

Next, in step S5, parameters for determining the positional relationship between the television monitor and the video camera are given. As shown in FIG. 11, the relative position (sx, sy) of the optical filter of the video camera with respect to the television monitor.
give. In FIGS. 11 and 12, 11 is a photographing area of the optical filter of the video camera, 12 is an area where the scanning line of the television monitor is present, 13 is a start position of the close-up portion of the video camera with respect to the image output portion of the television monitor, and 14 is The respective rotation angles of the video camera with respect to the television monitor are shown.

Then, in step S6, the television monitor is operated by the arithmetic unit 2 based on the enlargement ratio input in step S3, the rotation angle input in step S4, and the relative position between the television monitor and the video camera input in step S5. Calculate the positional relationship between the illuminant and the optical filter of the video camera. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, which grating of the optical filter is overlapped with which optical scanning line of the television monitor is determined based on the relative positions of the television camera and the video camera. In the case shown in FIG. 12, the rotation angle is th = 135 degrees, for example.

Here, each of the above-mentioned steps S2, S3,
From the parameters input in S4 and S5, the arithmetic unit 2 calculates the position and color at which the interference fringes of the moire pattern are generated.
A detailed description of this step S7 will be given later. Then, in step S8, an image output file is opened in the storage device 3 in order to output the data obtained in step S7. Next, in step S9, the created image data of the moire pattern is output to the CRT which is the display device 2, and in the following step S10, the created image displayed on the display device 2 is confirmed, and then the portion to be changed to the parameter is selected. If so, the process proceeds to step S11, the changed parameter is re-input from the command parameter input device 1, and the process returns to step S3.

If the parameters are not changed, the process proceeds to step S12, the image data is written in the file and stored in the storage device 3. Then, step S13
Then, the file reserved for the output image data is closed, and in the next step S14, the created image is hard-copied by the simple output device 5 (for example, a color printer device) or the image output device 6 ( For example, output to a positive film with a digital film recorder).

Next, the processing procedure for creating the interference fringes due to the moire phenomenon in step S7 described above will be described below with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

First, in step S71, the function P,
The coordinate value at the depth n is obtained by Q. The following parameters are given as initial conditions.

(1) Index (depth) that determines how many overlaps are obtained: nmax (2) Lightness and color saturation of light decrease as the depth increases, so the light intensity is adjusted to an appropriate coefficient. Attenuation rate for attenuating by giving: (3) Expansion rate given in step S3: z (4) Rotation angle given in step S4: th (5) Relative position of video and monitor given in step S5 : (Sx, sy) Next, in steps S72 and S73, the horizontal (y coordinate) and vertical (x coordinate) are initialized (x = 0, y = 0) according to the pixel size of the video camera, and the next In step S74, the designated depth nmax is set in the counter n representing the depth. Then, in step S75, the number of pixels to which a certain coordinate value (x, y) at the depth n corresponds is determined.
The solution is P (x, n, ...), Q (y, n, ...).

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing changes in coordinate values when the depths n = 2 are overlapped. In the figure, 15 indicates the position of the television monitor when the depth is 0, 16 indicates the position of the television monitor when the depth is 1, and 17 indicates the position of the television monitor when the depth is 2. Now, consider the coordinate value (x, y) at the depth n = 0 shown in FIG. That is, this is a point shown alone in FIG. The points that have been rotated / enlarged and overlapped with the point 18 when n = 0 correspond to the point 19 shown in FIG. 16 and the point 20 shown in FIG. 17 using the coordinate system at other depths. This point 19 is P (x, n = 1, ...), Q (y, n = 1,
,), And the point 20 is P (x, n = 2, ...), Q (y, n
= 2, ...).

As described above, the coordinate value of the depth n at a certain point (x, y) when the depth n = 0 on the monitor is P (x,
sx, th, z, n), Q (y, sy, th, z, n)
Is. However, x is 0 or more and less than 640, y is 0 or more and 48
It is an integer less than 0. Further, (sx, sy) is the relative position between the video camera and the television monitor, as shown in FIG.
th is a relative rotation angle between the television monitor and the video camera as shown in FIG. Then, z corresponds to the enlargement ratio of the video camera, and n represents the degree of overlap (depth) of consecutive images for calculating the moire pattern.

Returning to FIG. 13, in the next step S76,
Statistics of the light intensities at the respective depths of the enlarged / rotated overlapping points obtained in step S75 are obtained, and the coordinates (x,
y) strength.

Now, let us say that the wave of light from one cell 8 of the television monitor shown in FIG. 3 is U ₀ , and the wave of light of the image projected on the cell is U ₁ . If the light of one cell on the scan line of the television monitor captured by the photoelectrons of the video camera is obtained as the intensity of the wave, a certain point (one cell) on the television monitor emits the wave U ₀ emitted by the monitor itself and the video. When reflected by the wave U ₁ of the input signal from the camera,
The light intensity I at this point is given by the following equation.

I = | U ₀ + U ₁ | ² = | U ₀ | ² + | U ₁ | ² + 2a ₀ a ₁ cos (θ ₁ + θ ₀ ) (1) where U ₀ = a ₀ exp {j (kx −ωt−θ ₀ )}, U ₁ = a ₁ exp {j (kx−ωt−θ ₁ )}, a ₀ , a ₁ are amplitudes, θ ₀ , θ ₁ are phase angles, and k is 2π /
λ and ω are 2πv.

However, at this point, the light repeatedly recurs over many layers, so the light intensity I at this point is given by the following equation.

[0037] I (n) = | K · I (n-1) 1/2 + u n | 2 (2) where the coefficient K (decay rate) that corrects the light attenuated as depth of the layer deepens Is. Also, n = nma
The light intensity at x is R = 25 at the R part of the cell on the monitor.
5, G = 0, B = 0, R = 0 in the G part, G = 255, B =
In the 0 and B parts, calculation is performed with R = 0, G = 0, B = 255. Then, the intensity of each depth of each coordinate value is obtained, and the statistics of the intensity of all depths are obtained by the formula (2).

The above-described processing is performed for the video pixel size (horizontal 64
The process is repeated for 0 dots and 480 dots vertically (step S77), and the process ends when all pixels are completed.

<Modification> In the present embodiment, the degree of overlap (depth n) and the attenuation rate K are given as constants, but they can also be given as parameters.

Different effects can be obtained by giving a color to RGB at the depth nmax without simply setting R = 255, G = 255, B = 255.

Further, in the present embodiment, the effect of the moire pattern is obtained by the geometrical arrangement of the optical filter of the video camera and the scanning line of the television monitor, the intensity of the color given in the initial condition, and the attenuation rate generated as the depth increases. However, if calculation is performed after adding parameters corresponding to the electric tendency (ie, noise and delay time generated during transmission of electric signals), the moiré when using a real TV monitor and video camera is increased. It is possible to generate something close to the phenomenon.

It is also possible to obtain a wide range of moire patterns by variously changing the geometrical arrangement of the scanning lines of the optical filter and the television monitor.

The present invention may be applied to a system composed of a plurality of devices or an apparatus composed of a single device. Further, it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to the case of being achieved by supplying a program to a system or an apparatus.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The following effects can be obtained.

(1) A pattern of interference fringes due to the moire phenomenon can be created by a single image processing computer without using a device such as a video camera.

(2) It is possible to save the labor of setting the positional relationship between the monitor and the camera as in the case of using a device such as a video camera.

(3) Conventionally, it was difficult to reproduce an image once created because of analog processing, but since it can be processed digitally, reproducibility is improved.

(4) It is possible to easily grasp the tendency of what kind of result (interference fringes due to moire) is caused under what kind of conditions like the analog processing.

(5) The moire pattern can be changed quickly by only changing the parameters, and the responsiveness is improved.

[0050]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of an image processing apparatus in this embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure according to this embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an RGB exploded view of a scanning line on a television monitor and a region for one pixel.

[FIG. 4] Arrangement of RGB light filter of video camera and 1
It is a figure which shows the area | region corresponding to a pixel.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing one pixel of an optical filter unit of a video camera.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing one pixel of a light emitting portion of a television monitor.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a range of scanning lines on a television monitor in which an area for one pixel of a video camera with a magnification of 1 is captured.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a range of scanning lines on a television monitor in which an area for one pixel of a video camera with an enlargement ratio of 1 or less is captured.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a range of scanning lines on a television monitor in which an area for one pixel of a video camera having an enlargement ratio of 1 or more is captured.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a rotation angle of a video camera with respect to a television monitor.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a relative positional relationship of a video camera with respect to a television monitor when there is no rotation.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a positional relationship when a video camera has a rotation angle with respect to a television monitor.

13 is a flowchart showing detailed processing in step S7 shown in FIG.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a change in a coordinate value when the depth is overlapped by rotating / enlarging.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing some coordinate values when the depth is 0 shown in FIG.

16 is a diagram showing certain coordinate values in the case of depth 1 shown in FIG.

17 is a diagram showing certain coordinate values in the case of the depth 2 shown in FIG.

FIG. 18 is an image example when a moire pattern is actually created by a TV monitor and a video camera.

FIG. 19 is an image example when a moire pattern is actually created by a TV monitor and a video camera.

FIG. 20 is an image example when a moire pattern is actually created by a TV monitor and a video camera.

FIG. 21 is an image example when a moire pattern is actually created by a TV monitor and a video camera.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Command / Parameter Input Device 2 Display Device 3 Storage Device 4 Computing Device 5 Simple Output Device 6 Image Output Device 7 Control Device

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A first for setting the first and second patterns
Setting means, second setting means for setting a predetermined relationship between the first and second patterns as a parameter, and the first setting means based on the parameters set by the second setting means. And a calculation unit configured to calculate the interference fringes of the moire pattern formed by the first and second patterns set by the setting unit; and an output unit configured to output the interference fringes of the moire pattern calculated by the calculation unit. Image processing device. 2. The first pattern corresponds to the form and arrangement of the colored light bodies of the monitor, and the second pattern corresponds to the form and arrangement of the optical filters of the camera. The image processing apparatus according to item 1. 3. A first for setting first and second patterns
Setting step, a second setting step of setting a predetermined relationship between the first and second patterns as a parameter, and the first setting step based on the parameter set by the second setting step. A calculation step for calculating the moire pattern interference fringes by the first and second patterns set by the setting step; and an output means for outputting the moire pattern interference fringes calculated by the calculation step. Image processing method.