JPH0885978A - Revolving position indicating device of construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To permit an operator in a cabin to simply and quickly acknowledge the advancing direction of the body of a construction machine by sensing the revolving position of an upper revolving body relative to a lower running body. CONSTITUTION: A construction machine is structured so that an upper revolving body 14 is placed on a lower running body 12 through a ball race 13, in which switches of position sensors 20, 21 are changed over when the ball race 13 is rotated and the position sensors 20, 21 pass over dogs 22, 23, or 24. From the switching conditions of the sensors 20, 21. a control part 25 judges in which region the upper revolving body 14 lies, i.e., the forward facing, backward facing, left facing, or right facing region. On two control levers 18. 19 furnished at the driver seat 17, two sets of light emitting devices are installed on each of the left and right knobs, wherein one set consists of a front one and a rear one. Among them, two sets of light emitting devices make indication about the fore and aft direction while the other two sets make indication about the left-right direction. The advancing direction of the body of a construction machine is indicated by turning on one set of light emitting devices differing from region to region corresponding to the region of the upper revolving body 14, and associate notice is given to the operator.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turning position display device for a construction machine, and more particularly to a turning position display device for a construction machine provided with an upper turning body which can turn in all directions with respect to a lower traveling body. It is a thing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional construction machine of this type, a traveling motor is independently mounted on a lower traveling body, and the left and right traveling motors are drive-controlled by two operating levers provided in a driver's seat.
Further, the upper revolving structure is capable of revolving in all horizontal directions with respect to the lower traveling structure, and when performing work by revolving the upper revolving structure, the operator may position the front part of the lower traveling structure in any direction. It is difficult to determine if you are doing it.

Therefore, when moving the construction machine,
The operator visually recognizes the direction of the lower traveling body from the driver's seat and confirms in which direction the aircraft is moving.

[0004]

Conventionally, the direction of the lower traveling body is confirmed by the operator's visual observation as described above. However, depending on the machine, the direction of the lower traveling body when viewed from the driver's seat is difficult to understand. , There is a risk of accidental driving.

Therefore, the turning position of the upper revolving structure with respect to the lower traveling structure is detected so that the operator can easily and quickly recognize the traveling direction of the machine in the driver's seat, and the occurrence of an accident due to an erroneous operation of the operation lever can be prevented. A technical problem to be solved for preventing the problem arises, and an object of the present invention is to solve this problem.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, and an upper revolving structure is mounted on a lower traveling structure via a ball race so as to be rotatable in all horizontal directions. In a construction machine in which the left and right traveling motors are drive-controlled by two operating levers provided in the driver's seat, the ball race on the lower traveling body side has a predetermined interval on one side of its outer surface. And a plurality of small dogs are fixed, and one large dog is fixed on the other side of the outer surface at a position opposite to the plurality of dogs. A plurality of position sensors are provided in close proximity to each other, and the position sensor switches are switched when the position sensors are positioned above the dogs. Backward facing area, left A control unit is provided to determine which of the right and left areas is located. Further, the two operating levers are provided with two sets of light-emitting devices, one set for each of the front and rear, and two sets for each of the left and right knobs. In addition, two sets of the light emitting device, one for displaying the left-right direction and one for displaying the front-rear direction are formed, and one set is different for each region according to a command of the control unit corresponding to the region of the upper revolving structure. The present invention provides a turning position detecting device for a construction machine, wherein the light emitting device is turned on to display the traveling direction of the machine body corresponding to each area.

[0007]

When the upper revolving structure is turned, a plurality of position sensors are rotated together with the ball race, and the switches are switched each time the position sensors pass over each dog. The control unit
Of the plurality of position sensors, which of the position sensors is switched first is detected to identify the turning direction of the upper revolving structure, and the upper revolving structure is turned forward and backward depending on the switching state of the plurality of position sensors. It is determined which of the area, the leftward area, and the rightward area is located.

Then, among the light emitting devices provided on the knobs of the left and right operation levers, one set of light emitting devices is turned on corresponding to the area of the upper swing body, and the traveling direction of the machine body corresponding to the area is displayed. And notify the operator.

[0009]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show a hydraulic excavator 11 as an example of a construction machine, and a lower traveling body 1 such as a crawler is shown.
The upper revolving structure 14 is mounted on the ball 2 through the ball race 13. The upper ball race 13a is fixed to the upper revolving structure 14, and the lower ball race 13b is fixed to the lower traveling structure 12.

Although not shown, a ring gear is provided inside the lower ball race 13b, and a pinion gear meshing with the ring gear is rotated by a motor to rotate the upper revolving structure 14 in all horizontal directions. Is formed. Further, traveling motors 15 and 16 are installed at the left and right rear portions of the lower traveling body 12, and the left and right traveling motors 1 are provided in a driver's seat 17 provided in the upper revolving body 14.
Two operation levers 18 and 19 for controlling 5 and 16 are provided.

On the circumference of the upper ball race 13a, a plurality of position sensors 20 and 21 are provided in front of the upper revolving structure 14 so as to be close to each other. The position sensors 20 and 21 are formed so that the switches are turned off when the position sensors 20 and 21 are separated from a dog, which is a target to be described later, and the switches are turned on when the dog is approached.

On the other hand, a plurality of small dogs 22, 23 are fixedly installed at a predetermined interval at one side portion on the circumference of the lower ball race 13b, that is, on the right side in the traveling direction of the lower traveling body 12. . The distance between the small dogs 22 and 23 is set to be slightly larger than the installation size of the position sensors 20 and 21.

Further, on the other side portion on the circumference of the lower ball race 13b, that is, on the left side in the traveling direction of the lower traveling body 12 and at the position opposite to the small dogs 22 and 23,
One large dog 24 is fixed. The large dog 24 is formed to be long in the circumferential direction of the lower ball race 13b, and the size of the large dog 24 in the circumferential direction is determined by the position sensor 2.
The size is set to be slightly larger than the installation size of 0 and 21, and is approximately the same as the space size of the small dogs 22 and 23.

When the upper revolving structure 14 revolves, the position sensors 20 and 21 rotate together with the upper ball race 13a, and the position of the dog 22, 23 or 24 fixed to the lower ball race 13b is increased. When the position sensor 20 or 21 is located at, the switch of the corresponding position sensor is switched on. The control unit 25 reads the switching states of the position sensors 20 and 21 and determines the turning position of the upper-part turning body 14.

Next, referring to FIGS. 4 to 9, a method for determining the turning position of the upper turning body 14 will be described. Each figure (a) shows the posture of the upper swing body 14 with respect to the lower traveling body 12, and in any case, the lower traveling body 12 is located in the same direction. Further, each figure (b) shows the positions of the position sensors 20, 21 fixed to the ball race 13 and the dogs 22, 23, 24 when the upper swing body 14 is in the posture shown in FIG. It shows the relationship.

FIG. 4 shows a state in which the upper revolving superstructure 14 is turned to the left by about 90 degrees with respect to the traveling direction of the lower traveling body 12 (arrow B) and is in the leftward region. In such a state, the upper ball race 13a is directed to the left as shown by the arrow A, the position sensors 20 and 21 are located above the large dog 24, and both position sensors 20 and 21 are switched on. . Then, this position is set as an initial setting position, and the switching states of the position sensors 20 and 21 at this time are set to the control unit 2.
Store in 5.

FIG. 5 shows a state in which the upper-part turning body 14 is turned to the right from the initial setting position. At this time, the position sensors 20 and 21 are separated from the large dog 24, so that the position sensor 21 is first switched off, and then the position sensor 20 is switched off. Therefore, in the control unit 25, the upper swing body 14 is moved from the initial setting position shown in FIG.
Is determined to have turned to the right, and it is detected that the upper revolving structure 14 is in the range of the forward facing region.

On the other hand, FIG. 6 shows a state in which the upper swing body 14 is turned to the left from the initial setting position. At this time, the position sensors 20 and 21 are separated from the large dog 24, so that the position sensor 20 is first switched off, and then the position sensor 21 is switched off. Therefore, in the control unit 25, the upper revolving structure 1 is moved from the initial setting position shown in FIG.
4 is determined to have turned to the left, and it is detected that the upper swing body 14 is in the range of the rearward facing area.

Here, FIG. 7 shows a state in which the upper revolving superstructure 14 is in the range of the forward facing region and coincides with the traveling direction of the lower traveling body 12. Position sensors 20, 21 at this time
Both switches are off. If the upper revolving superstructure 14 is further turned rightward from this state, as shown in FIG. 8, the upper revolving superstructure 14 turns rightward by about 90 degrees with respect to the traveling direction of the lower traveling body 12 (arrow B) and turns rightward. Become an area.

At this time, the position sensor 21 first reaches above the small dog 22, and the switch of the position sensor 21 is turned on. Then, the position sensor 20 moves to the dog 22.
The switch of the position sensor 20 is turned on, the position sensor 21 passes the dog 22, and the switch of the position sensor 21 is turned off. Furthermore,
The position sensor 20 passes the dog 22, and the position sensor 20 is switched off. Therefore, the control unit 25 determines that the upper swing body 14 has turned right from the position shown in FIG. 7, and detects that the upper swing body 14 is in the rightward region as shown in FIG. To be done.

On the other hand, when the vehicle turns left from the position shown in FIG. 7 and the upper-part turning body 14 enters the leftward area as shown in FIG. 4, the switch of the position sensor 20 is first turned on, and then the position sensor. When the switch 21 is turned on, the control unit 25 detects that the upper-part turning body 14 has turned to the left.

Here, FIG. 9 shows a state in which the upper revolving structure 14 is in the range of the rearward-facing region and is in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the lower traveling structure 12. At this time, the switches of the position sensors 20 and 21 are both off. If the upper revolving superstructure 14 is turned to the left from this state, the upper revolving superstructure 14 becomes the rightward region as shown in FIG.

At this time, the position sensor 20 first reaches above the small dog 23, and the position sensor 20 is switched on. Then, the position sensor 21 moves to the dog 2
3, the switch of the position sensor 21 is turned on, and the position sensor 20 passes through the dog 23 to turn off the switch of the position sensor 20. Further, the position sensor 21 passes through the dog 23 and passes through the position sensor 2
The switch of 1 is turned off. Therefore, the control unit 25 determines that the upper swing body 14 has turned left from the position shown in FIG. 9, and detects that the upper swing body 14 shown in FIG. 8 is in the rightward region. .

As described above, the plurality of position sensors 20,
The control unit 25 reads the order in which the switches 21 are switched and the ON / OFF state of the switches after the switching, and the swivel position of the upper swing body 14 is quickly and accurately detected.
As the position sensors 20 and 21, a proximity switch that is turned on when approaching a dog is used, but it should not be limited to this, and it is turned off when approaching a dog. It may be. Further, as the switching means, any means such as ultrasonic waves, magnetism, light, etc. may be used.

Here, as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG.
On the surfaces of the knobs 18a, 19a of the two operating levers 18, 19 provided in the driver's seat 17, two sets of front and rear light emitting devices 26a, 26b to 29a, 29b are provided, respectively. The light emitting devices 26a, 26b to 29a, 29b use LEDs, lamps, neon tubes, etc., and are turned on / off by a command of the control unit 25 based on the detection values of the position sensors 20, 21, and by a command from the control unit 25. When turned on, the light emitting devices 26a, 26b to 29a, 2
9b lights up or blinks one set at a time.

The light emitting devices 26a, 26b to 29 are also provided.
Two sets of a and 29b are formed, one for displaying the left-right direction and the other for displaying the front-back direction.
Are provided with light-emitting devices 26a and 26b for displaying the left-right direction and light-emitting devices 27a and 27b for displaying the front-rear direction,
The right knob 19a includes light emitting devices 28a and 28b that display the front-rear direction opposite to the light emitting devices 27a and 27b, and light emitting devices 29a and 29b that display the left and right direction opposite to the light emitting devices 26a and 26b. Is provided.

Thus, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, when the upper revolving structure 14 is in the forward-facing region, as shown in FIG. 12, the output of the left knob 18a to the light emitting devices 27a and 27b. Turn on and turn on or blink. Therefore,
The operator knows that the upper swing body 14 is in the frontward area, and can recognize that the operation directions of the operation levers 18 and 19 and the traveling direction of the machine body match.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 9, when the upper revolving structure 14 is in the rearward facing region, as shown in FIG.
, The light emitting devices 28a, 28 of the right knob 19a are
Turn on the output to b to turn on or blink. Therefore, the operator knows that the upper swing body 14 is in the rearward-facing region, and can recognize that the operating directions of the operating levers 18 and 19 and the traveling direction of the machine body are opposite to each other.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
14 is in the leftward area, as shown in FIG. 14, the output of the right knob 19a to the light emitting devices 29a and 29b is turned on and turned on or blinked. Therefore, the operator can know that the upper swing body 14 is in the leftward area, and can recognize that the vehicle body moves to the right if the operation levers 18 and 19 are tilted forward.

Further, as shown in FIG.
Is in the rightward area, as shown in FIG. 15, the output of the left knob 18a to the light emitting devices 26a and 26b is turned on and turned on or blinked. Therefore, the operator knows that the upper swing body 14 is in the rightward area, and can recognize that the machine body moves to the left if the operation levers 18 and 19 are tilted forward.

Therefore, the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and it is obvious that the present invention extends to the modified one.

[0032]

As described in detail in the above embodiment, the present invention provides a ball race with a plurality of position sensors and dogs, and determines the turning position of the upper revolving superstructure by the switching state of the position sensors. The structure of the position detecting device is simplified and the durability is also improved.

Further, the knobs of the two operating levers are provided with a pair of front and rear light emitting devices, respectively, and the light emitting devices are turned on / off corresponding to the region of the upper swing body determined by the position sensor. Therefore, the operator can easily and quickly recognize the traveling direction of the machine only by visually recognizing the light emitting device, which contributes to the improvement of safety.

Thus, the invention can contribute to the improvement of safety during turning work without increasing the cost of the device.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a hydraulic excavator showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front view of the hydraulic excavator.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway plan view of the hydraulic excavator.

FIG. 4A is a plan view showing the posture of the upper swing body with respect to the lower traveling body. (B) Explanatory drawing which shows the positional relationship of a position sensor and a dog at that time.

FIG. 5A is a plan view showing the posture of the upper swing body with respect to the lower traveling body. (B) Explanatory drawing which shows the positional relationship of a position sensor and a dog at that time.

FIG. 6A is a plan view showing the posture of the upper swing body with respect to the lower traveling body. (B) Explanatory drawing which shows the positional relationship of a position sensor and a dog at that time.

FIG. 7A is a plan view showing the posture of the upper swing body with respect to the lower traveling body. (B) Explanatory drawing which shows the positional relationship of a position sensor and a dog at that time.

FIG. 8A is a plan view showing the posture of the upper swing body with respect to the lower traveling body. (B) Explanatory drawing which shows the positional relationship of a position sensor and a dog at that time.

FIG. 9A is a plan view showing the posture of the upper swing body with respect to the lower traveling body. (B) Explanatory drawing which shows the positional relationship of a position sensor and a dog at that time.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a control system.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a main part of the operation lever.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing an on / off state of the light emitting device in the frontward area.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing an on / off state of the light emitting device in a rearward facing region.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing an on / off state of the light emitting device in the leftward area.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing an on / off state of the light emitting device in the rightward area.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 hydraulic excavator 12 lower traveling body 13 ball race 14 upper revolving structure 15, 16 traveling motor 17 driver's seat 18, 19 operating lever 18a, 19a knob 20, 21 position sensor 22, 23, 24 dog 25 control unit 26a, 26b light emitting device 27a, 27b Light emitting device 28a, 28b Light emitting device 29a, 29b Light emitting device

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An upper revolving structure is mounted on a lower traveling structure via a ball race so as to be rotatable in all horizontal directions, and left and right traveling motors are driven and controlled by two operation levers provided in a driver's seat. In the construction machine described above, a plurality of small dogs are fixedly mounted on one side portion of the outer surface of the ball race on the lower traveling body side at a predetermined interval, and at the other side portion of the outer surface. One large dog is fixed at a position opposite to the plurality of dogs, and a plurality of position sensors are provided in proximity to the outer surface of the ball race on the upper swing body side, and the position sensors are provided above the dogs. A control for determining whether the upper revolving structure is located in the forward-facing region, the backward-facing region, the left-facing region, or the right-facing region by switching the position sensor switch when the vehicle is positioned and by switching the plurality of position sensors. Set up Further, the two operating levers are provided with a pair of front and rear light emitting devices, two sets each for the left and right knobs, and the light emitting devices display left and right directions and front and back directions. 2 sets are formed, and one set of different light emitting devices is turned on for each area in response to a command from the control unit corresponding to the area of the upper revolving structure, and the traveling direction of the aircraft corresponding to each area is displayed. A turning position display device for a construction machine characterized by the above.