JPH0889413A - toaster - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] It is an object to provide a toaster having a function of baking to a predetermined baking color according to the number of sheets even if the power supply voltage changes from the standard condition. [Structure] A net 2 on which bread is placed, a heating means 3 such as a heater arranged above and below the net 2, and a temperature detecting means such as a thermistor arranged at the back of the upper part of the toaster main body 1. 4 is provided. At the bottom of the main body 1, a time measuring means 6 for measuring time and a control means 7 for controlling the energization of the heating means 3.
And a power supply voltage measuring means 8 for measuring the power supply voltage. Further, the temperature T by the temperature detecting means 4, the temperature change rate dT, and the power supply voltage V detected by the power supply voltage measuring means 8 are input, and the heating time ty is determined based on the temperature, the temperature change rate, and the power supply voltage information. The heating time determination means 9 is provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a toaster for determining the heating time for automatic baking.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The conventional automatic baking function of a toaster determines the heating time from the temperature and the rate of change of the temperature, or when the power supply voltage is different from the standard voltage, the determined heating time is corrected according to the power supply voltage. The value is added or subtracted to deal with the fluctuation of the power supply voltage.

[0003]

However, the conventional method can deal with the case where the number of breads is inputted in advance, but cannot deal with the case where the baking time is determined by automatically discriminating the number of breads. Have challenges. This is for the following reason. If the number of breads is determined to be one or two, the baking time correction value corresponding to the voltage fluctuation is constant regardless of the internal temperature at the beginning of baking and the temperature gradient at the beginning of baking. The correction value and the correction value of the two sheets are different. Further, in the case of automatically discriminating the number of sheets, the baking time corresponding to one or two sheets is determined by the temperature and the temperature gradient.
The boundary between one sheet and two sheets differs depending on the power supply voltage.

The present invention is intended to solve such a conventional problem, and determines the heating time in accordance with the number of breads from the temperature, the rate of change of the temperature and the power supply voltage, so that the power supply voltage is a standard condition. It is a first object of the present invention to provide a toaster having a function of baking to a predetermined baking color according to the number of sheets even if the temperature changes from.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a toaster having a function capable of accurately determining the heating time by changing the heating time determining method depending on the temperature of the beginning of baking. .

Further, even if the relationship between the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means and the actual temperature is non-linear, the temperature sensor having a non-linear characteristic can be used by correcting the detected temperature before use. A third object is to provide a toaster having a function capable of determining the heating time.

[0007]

The first means of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned first object is a heating means for heating the inside of the refrigerator, and a control means for controlling energization to the heating means. Temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature inside the chamber, time measuring means for measuring the time, power supply voltage measuring means for measuring the power supply voltage, the detected value of the temperature detecting means and the change rate of the detected value, and the power supply voltage measuring means. And a heating time determining means for determining the heating time with the voltage measurement value as an input.

The second means of the present invention for attaining the second object is a heating means for heating the inside of the refrigerator, a control means for controlling energization of the heating means, and a temperature inside the refrigerator. Temperature detecting means for detecting, and time measuring means for measuring time,
Power supply voltage measuring means for measuring the power supply voltage, low temperature heating time determining means for determining the heating time by inputting the detected value of the temperature detecting means and the rate of change of the detected value and the voltage measured value of the power supply voltage measuring means, High temperature heating time determining means for determining the heating time by inputting the detected value of the temperature detecting means, the rate of change of the detected value and the voltage measured value of the power supply voltage measuring means, and the low temperature heating time determining from the detected value of the temperature detecting means It is provided with a selecting means for selecting which of the means and the heating time determining means for high temperature to be used.

Further, a third means of the present invention for attaining the third object is a heating means for heating the inside of the refrigerator, a control means for controlling energization to the heating means, and a temperature inside the refrigerator. Temperature detecting means for detecting temperature, time measuring means for measuring time, power supply voltage measuring means for measuring power supply voltage, correcting means for correcting characteristics of the detected value of the temperature detecting means, output value of the correcting means and its output The heating time determining means determines the heating time with the rate of change of the value and the voltage measurement value of the power supply voltage measuring means as inputs.

[0010]

The first means of the present invention determines the heating time according to the number of breads from the standard condition by determining the heating time from the temperature, the rate of change of temperature and the power supply voltage even if the power supply voltage is different from the standard voltage. Even if it changes, it functions as a toaster having a function of baking to a predetermined baking color according to the number of sheets.

The second means of the present invention functions as a toaster having a function of accurately determining the heating time by changing the method for determining the heating time according to the level of the temperature at the beginning of baking. is there.

Further, according to the third means of the present invention, even when the relationship between the detected temperature of the temperature detecting means and the actual temperature is non-linear, the non-linear characteristic is obtained by correcting the detected temperature in advance. It functions as a toaster with the function of determining the heating time even when using a temperature sensor with.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of the first means of the present invention is shown in FIGS.
It will be explained based on. First, the overall configuration of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a main body of a toaster, which is provided with a door 5 and a switch 12 on the front surface. A net 2, a heating unit 3 such as a heater disposed above and below the net 2, and a temperature detecting unit 4 such as a thermistor are provided inside the chamber. The bottom of the main body 1 is provided with a time measuring means 6 for measuring time, a control means 7 for controlling the heating means 3, and a power supply voltage measuring means 8 for measuring a power supply voltage. Further, the main body 1 is heated from the temperature T and the temperature change rate dT by the temperature detecting means 4 and the power source voltage V by the power source voltage measuring means 8 to the heating time ty.
The heating time determining means 9 for determining The clocking means 6, the control means 7, and the heating time determining means 9 are constituted by a microcomputer in this embodiment.

FIG. 2 shows the circuit configuration of this embodiment. In the figure, 10 is a microcomputer, and 11 is a power supply circuit that generates a voltage to be applied to the microcomputer 10 and the like.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below. The user opens the door 5, puts bread on the net 2, and closes the door 5. Next, when the user turns on the switch 12 to start baking, the control means 7 causes the microcomputer 10 to output O1.
An ON signal is output from the terminal to the transistor, the transistor operates the relay, and the heating means 3 is operated via the relay contact.
Supply power to. Further, the temperature detecting means 4 detects the temperature T in the refrigerator at the start of baking, and the microcomputer 1
Read from 0 AD1 terminal. The power supply voltage measuring means 8 measures the power supply voltage V, and AD2 of the microcomputer 10 is measured.
Read from the terminal. The rate of temperature change dT is a value obtained by subtracting the temperature T at the start of bread baking from the detected value T1 of the temperature detecting means 4 when the elapsed time from the start of bread baking reaches a predetermined value dt, for example, 45 seconds, that is, dT = T1. -Determine as T.

The heating time determining means 9 determines the heating time ty from the temperature T, the temperature change rate dT and the power supply voltage V, and outputs it to the control means 7. The control means 7 outputs an OFF signal from the O1 terminal of the microcomputer 10 to the transistor when the time of the current baking by the clock means 6 becomes ty, the transistor stops the operation of the relay, opens the relay contact, and heats the heating means. The power supply to 3 is stopped, and the baking of the bread is completed. In other words, it operates as a toaster having a function of determining the heating time according to the number of breads from the temperature, the temperature change rate, and the power supply voltage, and performing the baking of the bread with a constant baking color.

Since the temperature detecting means 4 is installed in the upper part of the inside of the refrigerator, it has a good response to the temperature inside the refrigerator. Therefore, when a bread having the same thickness when the power supply voltage is a standard value, for example, 100 volts, for example, bread with 6 slices is baked, the relationship between the number of breads and T, dT is as shown in FIG. From two inputs of T and temperature change rate dT, the heating time according to the number of breads this time can be determined. If the power supply voltage is lower than the standard value, the temperature rise will be slower and the baking time required will be longer. For example, in the case of 95 volts, the relationship between the number of breads and T, dT is as shown in FIG. 3B, which is different from the case where the boundary line between one and two sheets is 100 volts. Therefore, if the method of adding or subtracting the correction value by the power supply voltage, which was possible when deciding the heating time for only one or only two sheets, is used, uniform correction can be performed regardless of the number of sheets. become,
The correct heating time cannot be determined. As described above, if the power supply voltage fluctuates, the required heating time cannot be obtained from the two inputs of T and dT, but by using the power supply voltage as the input, the automatic sheet number burning function can be realized.

Next, the operation of the heating time determining means 9 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. In the present embodiment, the heating time determining means 9 is configured by fuzzy inference that inputs the temperature T, the temperature change rate dT and the power supply voltage V and outputs the heating time ty. The inference rule is composed of 12 rules shown in FIG. 4, such as "if T is low, dT is small, and V is low, ty is set to y1". Y1 in FIG.
To y12 is a real number. The qualitative concept that T is “low” is quantitatively expressed by the membership function shown in FIG.

As described above, according to this embodiment, it is possible to provide the toaster having the function of determining the heating time from the temperature, the temperature change rate, and the elapsed time from the end of the previous baking.

In this embodiment, the fuzzy inference is used as the heating time determining means 9, but a neural network or a method using a function may be used. Also, as an example of fuzzy inference, the antecedent part trigonal type and the consequent part real value type fuzzy inference are used, but it is also conceivable to represent them by a triangular type or a function.

An embodiment of the second means of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 13. First, the overall configuration of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, 13 is a low temperature heating time determining means, 14 is a high temperature heating time, and 15 is a selecting means for selecting either the low temperature heating time determining means 13 or the high temperature heating time determining means 14. Low temperature heating time determination means 13, high temperature heating time determination means 14, selection means 1
In this embodiment, 5 is a microcomputer. Other than that, the same numbers are used for those having the same functions as those of the first embodiment.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below. The user opens the door 5, puts bread on the net 2, and closes the door 5. Next, when the user turns on the switch 12 to start baking, the control means 7 causes the microcomputer 10 to output O1.
An ON signal is output from the terminal, the heating means 3 is operated, and the temperature detecting means 4 causes the temperature T in the refrigerator at the start of baking.
Is detected and read from the AD1 terminal of the microcomputer 10. The power supply voltage measuring means 8 measures the power supply voltage V,
It is read from the AD2 terminal of the microcomputer 10.
The rate of temperature change dT is a value obtained by subtracting the temperature T at the start of bread baking from the detected value T1 of the temperature detecting means 4 when the elapsed time from the start of bread baking reaches a predetermined value dt, for example, 45 seconds, that is, dT = T1. -Determine as T. The selection unit 15 operates the low temperature heating time determination unit 13 or the high temperature heating time determination unit 14 to determine the heating time ty, and the control unit 7
Output to. The control means 7 outputs an OFF signal from the O1 terminal of the microcomputer 10 when the time for baking the bread by the time measuring means 6 reaches ty, stops the heating by the heating means 3, and ends the baking. In other words, it operates as a toaster having a function of selecting the heating time determining means in accordance with the temperature in the refrigerator at the beginning of baking.

Next, the operations of the selecting means 15, the low temperature heating time determining means 13, and the high temperature heating time determining means 14 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 11.

As shown in FIG. 7, the selecting means 15 has a temperature T
Is compared with a predetermined value Tth, for example, 100 degrees, and when T ≦ Tth, the low temperature heating time determining means 13 is operated, and when T> Tth, the high temperature heating time determining means 14 is operated to control ty. Output to. The low temperature heating time determining means 13 is configured by fuzzy inference that inputs the temperature T, the temperature change rate dT and the power supply voltage V and outputs the heating time ty. The inference rule is that if T is low, dT is small, and V is low, then t
It is made up of eight rules as shown in FIG. A1 to a8 in FIG. 8 are real values. The qualitative concept that T is “low” is quantitatively expressed by the membership function shown in FIG.

The heating time determining means 14 for high temperature receives the temperature T, the temperature change rate dT, and the power supply voltage V as inputs, and the heating time ty.
It is composed of fuzzy inference that outputs. The inference rule is "T
Is low, dT is small, and V is low, ty is set to b
It consists of eight rules shown in FIG. B1 to b8 in FIG. 10 are real values. The qualitative concept that T is “low” is quantitatively expressed by the membership function shown in FIG. In this way, by dividing the heating time determination into the low temperature heating time determination means 13 and the high temperature heating time determination means 14, the membership function of the input parameter can be changed and the accuracy can be changed. The heating time can be determined with high accuracy by changing the method for determining the heating time according to the level of the temperature.

The second temperature detecting means 1 shown in FIG.
When the accuracy of temperature measurement is switched by switching the resistors R1 and R2 by the operation of the transistors Q1 and Q2 as shown in 6, the output of the second temperature detecting means 16 has the same value as shown in FIG. Means two temperatures. Even in such a case, the heating time can be determined by switching the heating time determination means by the selection means 15.

Although fuzzy inference is used as the heating time determining means in this embodiment, it is also possible to use a neural network, an arithmetic expression, a table, or the like.

An embodiment of the third means of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. First, the overall configuration of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, 17 is a temperature detecting means 4.
Is a correction means for correcting the detected value of. The correcting means 17 is composed of a microcomputer in this embodiment. Other than that, the same numbers are used for those having the same functions as those of the first embodiment. This embodiment operates with this configuration, but after the detection value of the temperature detection means 4 is corrected by the correction means 17, the temperature T
The operation is the same as that of the embodiment of the first means except for outputting as.

Next, the operation of the correction means 17 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 15A is a diagram showing the detection value of the temperature detecting means 4. As can be seen from the figure, the relationship between the temperature and the detected value is non-linear in the edge region of the temperature measurement region. In this way, since there is a non-linear relationship only in the edge region, the relationship between the detection value and the heating time, which is originally a simple relationship, becomes complicated. FIG. 15B is a diagram showing the input / output relationship of the correction means 17, and FIG. 15C is a diagram showing the relationship between the temperature and the output of the correction means 17. As can be seen from the figure, the relationship between temperature and output becomes linear. Therefore, when determining the heating time, the non-linearity is reduced, and rule design such as fuzzy inference can be easily performed.

[0030]

As described above, the first means of the present invention is the detection value of the temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature in the refrigerator, the change rate of the detection value, and the voltage measurement value of the power supply voltage measuring means. Since the heating time is determined by inputting and, it is possible to determine the heating time according to the number of breads from the temperature, the temperature change rate and the power supply voltage. It can be baked to a predetermined color.

Further, the second means of the present invention is such that the heating time is input by inputting the detected value of the temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature in the refrigerator, the change rate of the detected value and the voltage measured value of the power supply voltage measuring means. Low temperature heating time determining means for determining, similarly, the detection value of the temperature detecting means, the change rate of the detection value, the voltage measurement value as an input, high temperature heating time determining means for determining the heating time,
Since the selection means for selecting which of the low temperature heating time determining means and the high temperature heating time determining means to be used is provided from the detection value of the temperature detecting means, the heating time is determined according to the level of the temperature at the beginning of baking. The method can be changed, and the heating time can be accurately determined.

Further, the third means of the present invention is a correction means for correcting the characteristics of the detection value of the temperature detection means for detecting the temperature in the refrigerator, an output value of the correction means, a change rate of the output value, and a power supply. Since the heating time determining means for determining the heating time by inputting the voltage measurement value of the voltage measuring means is provided, even if the relationship between the detected temperature of the temperature detecting means and the actual temperature is non-linear, it is detected in advance. It can be used after the temperature is corrected, and the heating time can be accurately determined even if a temperature sensor having a non-linear characteristic is used.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a toaster showing an embodiment of the first means of the present invention.

[Fig. 2] Circuit diagram of the toaster

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of breads and the temperature during heating.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a rule of fuzzy inference used in the heating time determining means of the toaster.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a membership function of fuzzy inference used in the heating time determination means.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a toaster according to an embodiment of the second means of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the selecting means of the toaster.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a fuzzy inference rule used in a low-temperature heating time determining means of the toaster.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a membership function of the same fuzzy inference.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a rule of fuzzy inference used in a heating time determining means for high temperature of the toaster.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a membership function of the same fuzzy inference.

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of temperature detecting means.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an output of the temperature detecting means.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a toaster according to an embodiment of the third means of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a view for explaining the operation of the temperature correction means of the toaster.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 main body 3 heating means 4 temperature detecting means 6 timing means 7 control means 8 power supply voltage measuring means 9 heating time determining means 13 low temperature heating time determining means 14 high temperature heating time determining means 15 selecting means 17 correcting means

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Katsuaki Suzuki 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A heating means for heating the inside of the refrigerator, a control means for controlling energization to the heating means, a temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature inside the refrigerator, a clocking means for measuring time, and a power supply voltage A toaster comprising: a power supply voltage measuring means for measuring; and a heating time determining means for determining a heating time by inputting a detected value of the temperature detecting means, a rate of change of the detected value and a voltage measured value of the power supply voltage measuring means. 2. A heating means for heating the inside of the refrigerator, a control means for controlling energization to the heating means, a temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature inside the refrigerator, a clocking means for measuring time, and a power supply voltage Power supply voltage measuring means for measuring, low temperature heating time determining means for determining a heating time by inputting a detected value of the temperature detecting means, a change rate of the detected value and a voltage measured value of the power source voltage measuring means, and a temperature detecting means Of the detected value, the rate of change of the detected value and the voltage measured value of the power supply voltage measuring means as input to determine the heating time for high temperature, and the detected value of the temperature detecting means determines the heating time for low temperature and the high temperature. A toaster provided with a selection means for selecting which of the heating time determination means for use is to be used. 3. A heating means for heating the inside of the refrigerator, a control means for controlling energization to the heating means, a temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature inside the refrigerator, a clocking means for measuring time, and a power supply voltage The power supply voltage measuring means for measuring, the correcting means for correcting the characteristic of the detected value of the temperature detecting means, the output value of the correcting means, the change rate of the output value and the voltage measured value of the power supply voltage measuring means are input to the heating time. And a heating time determining means for determining.