JPH0894890A - Optical axis alignment method for optical fiber - Google Patents
Optical axis alignment method for optical fiberInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0894890A JPH0894890A JP23335094A JP23335094A JPH0894890A JP H0894890 A JPH0894890 A JP H0894890A JP 23335094 A JP23335094 A JP 23335094A JP 23335094 A JP23335094 A JP 23335094A JP H0894890 A JPH0894890 A JP H0894890A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- optical fiber
- optical
- procedure
- power value
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
- Testing Of Optical Devices Or Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、光モジュールの組立等
における半導体レーザ等の発光素子と光ファイバの光軸
を三次元空間で光りファイバからの透過光出力が最大と
なるように光軸位置合わせをする光ファイバの光軸合わ
せ方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a light emitting element such as a semiconductor laser in the assembly of an optical module and the optical axis of the optical fiber in a three-dimensional space so that the transmitted light output from the fiber is maximized. The present invention relates to a method for aligning optical axes of optical fibers for alignment.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】光ファイバの先端に半導体レーザを取り
付けた光モジュールの組立においては半導体レーザと光
ファイバとを結合効率が最大となるように光軸合わせを
した後に、スリーブなどを介して光ファイバと半導体レ
ーザとを相互に溶接し固定している。図６はこのような
光ファイバの光軸合わせ方法を示す既略的な斜視図であ
る。図６において光ファイバ３の端部（以下光ファイバ
３と略称する）を半導体レーザ１のレーザ光の出射光軸
２にほぼ平行となるようにして光ファイバ３の受光面を
半導体レーザ１に近接させ、半導体レーザ１と光ファイ
バ３とを相対的に出射光軸２に垂直なＸ，Ｙ方向及び出
射光軸２の方向のＺ方向（Ｘ，Ｙ、Ｚ方向は互いに直
交）に動かして（ＸＹＺ調整）光軸合わせを行う。2. Description of the Related Art In the assembly of an optical module in which a semiconductor laser is attached to the tip of an optical fiber, the optical axis is aligned between the semiconductor laser and the optical fiber so as to maximize the coupling efficiency, and then the optical fiber is inserted through a sleeve or the like. And the semiconductor laser are fixed to each other by welding. FIG. 6 is an abbreviated perspective view showing such an optical axis aligning method for an optical fiber. In FIG. 6, the end portion of the optical fiber 3 (hereinafter abbreviated as the optical fiber 3) is made substantially parallel to the emission optical axis 2 of the laser light of the semiconductor laser 1 so that the light receiving surface of the optical fiber 3 is close to the semiconductor laser 1. Then, the semiconductor laser 1 and the optical fiber 3 are relatively moved in the X and Y directions perpendicular to the emission optical axis 2 and in the Z direction of the emission optical axis 2 (the X, Y and Z directions are orthogonal to each other) ( XYZ adjustment) Adjust the optical axis.
【０００３】従来の光ファイバの光軸合わせ方法は、図
７に示すように、粗調整としての焦点サーチ（処理５
１）の後に精密調整としての調整ピットの小さい面サー
チ（処理５２）を行う。この焦点サーチおよび面サーチ
について図６を参照して説明する。As shown in FIG. 7, a conventional optical axis alignment method for an optical fiber is a focus search (process 5) as a rough adjustment.
After 1), a surface search (processing 52) with small adjustment pits is performed as a fine adjustment. The focus search and the surface search will be described with reference to FIG.
【０００４】準備段階として半導体レーザ１を出射光軸
がＺ方向となるようにＸＹテーブル（Ｘ，Ｙ方向に移動
可能なテーブル、図示略）に固定し、光ファイバ３をＺ
方向に先端を半導体レーザ１に向けてＺテーブル（Ｚ方
向に移動可能なテーブル、図示略）に固定し、光ファイ
バ全長の他端にセットしたセンサで半導体レーザが出射
し光ファイバ全長を透過した光の強さ（以下光パワー値
と称す）をモニタするようにしておく。As a preparatory step, the semiconductor laser 1 is fixed on an XY table (a table movable in the X and Y directions, not shown) so that the emission optical axis is in the Z direction, and the optical fiber 3 is set in the Z direction.
Direction is fixed to a Z table (a table movable in the Z direction, not shown) with the tip facing the semiconductor laser 1, and the semiconductor laser is emitted by a sensor set at the other end of the entire length of the optical fiber and transmitted through the entire length of the optical fiber. The light intensity (hereinafter referred to as the light power value) should be monitored.
【０００５】面サーチとは、光ファイバ３に対し半導体
レーザ１をＸ，Ｙの二方向に一定ピッチずつ移動させる
山登り法により、光パワー値が最大となるように半導体
レーザ１の位置を調整する工程である。The surface search is a hill climbing method in which the semiconductor laser 1 is moved with respect to the optical fiber 3 in two directions of X and Y by a constant pitch, and the position of the semiconductor laser 1 is adjusted so that the optical power value becomes maximum. It is a process.
【０００６】焦点サーチとは、半導体レーザ１に対し光
ファイバ３をＺ方向に一定ピッチずつ移動させて光パワ
ー値が最大となるように光ファイバ３の位置を調整する
Ｚの一方向のサーチと、前述のＸ，Ｙ方向の面サーチと
を交互に繰り返してＸ，Ｙ，Ｚの三方向において光パワ
ー値が最大となる光ファイバ３と半導体レーザ１との相
対位置を調整する工程である。The focus search is a search in one direction of Z in which the position of the optical fiber 3 is adjusted so that the optical power value is maximized by moving the optical fiber 3 with respect to the semiconductor laser 1 in the Z direction by a constant pitch. The step of adjusting the relative position between the optical fiber 3 and the semiconductor laser 1 having the maximum optical power value in the three directions of X, Y, and Z by alternately repeating the above-described surface search in the X and Y directions.
【０００７】図５は焦点サーチ、面サーチで用いる従来
の山登り法を説明するための図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a conventional hill climbing method used in focus search and plane search.
【０００８】山登り法では、Ｘ，Ｙ，Ｚ軸独立にピーク
の探索を行う（Ｘ，Ｙ方向の面サーチでは光パワー値が
最大となるようにＸ方向の位置調整とＹ方向の位置調整
を交互に繰り返す）。図５を参照してＸ軸方向の山登り
法を取り上げて説明する。図５で横軸は半導体レーザを
載置したＸＹテーブルのＸ方向の位置を示し、縦軸は光
パワー値を示す。ＸＹテーブルの初めの位置はａ点であ
ったとする。山登り法ではまずＸＹテーブルをａ点から
一定ピッチだけ移動し、ｂ点に位置させて光パワー値を
測定する。ａ点での光パワー値よりもｂ点での光パワー
値が大きい場合は、ＸＹテーブルをさらに同一方向に一
定ピッチだけ移動し、ｃ点に位置させ、光パワー値を測
定する。以上のように、測定する光パワー値が大きくな
り続ける限り、ＸＹテーブルの一定ピッチの移動と光パ
ワー値の測定を繰り返す。光パワー値がピークとなる点
ｄを過ぎると、光パワー値が下がるのでＸＹテーブルの
一定ピッチ移動後に測定した光パワー値が移動前に測定
したものより下がった時は移動前の点に戻り、その戻っ
た点の光パワー値がピークのものとして、このＸ方向の
山登り法による光パワー値のピーク探索を終了する。In the hill climbing method, the peaks are searched independently of the X, Y, and Z axes (in the surface search in the X and Y directions, the position adjustment in the X direction and the position adjustment in the Y direction are performed so that the optical power value becomes maximum. Alternate). The hill climbing method in the X-axis direction will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents the position in the X direction of the XY table on which the semiconductor laser is mounted, and the vertical axis represents the optical power value. It is assumed that the initial position of the XY table is point a. In the hill climbing method, first, the XY table is moved from point a by a fixed pitch, and is positioned at point b to measure the optical power value. When the optical power value at the point b is larger than the optical power value at the point a, the XY table is further moved in the same direction by a fixed pitch and is positioned at the point c, and the optical power value is measured. As described above, as long as the measured optical power value continues to increase, the movement of the XY table at a constant pitch and the measurement of the optical power value are repeated. After passing the point d where the optical power value reaches the peak, the optical power value decreases, so when the optical power value measured after moving the XY table by a certain pitch is lower than that measured before moving, it returns to the point before moving, Assuming that the optical power value at the returning point is the peak, the peak search of the optical power value by the hill climbing method in the X direction is completed.
【０００９】従来の光ファイバの光軸合わせでは、図７
に示すように焦点サーチを行った後、より小さいピッチ
で面サーチを行い光パワー値が最大となる半導体レーザ
と光ファイバとの相対的位置を求める。このような半導
体レーザと光ファイバとの光軸合わせ方法の従来例とし
て特開平１−１８０５０７号公報に示された光軸調整方
法がある。In the conventional optical axis alignment of the optical fiber, FIG.
After performing the focus search as shown in (3), the surface search is performed at a smaller pitch to find the relative position between the semiconductor laser and the optical fiber that maximizes the optical power value. As a conventional example of such an optical axis alignment method for a semiconductor laser and an optical fiber, there is an optical axis adjustment method disclosed in JP-A-1-180507.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述した従来の光ファ
イバの光軸合わせ方法における面サーチ工程および焦点
サーチ工程では、半導体レーザまたは光ファイバを一定
ピッチで移動させる山登り法のため、光分布（図５に示
すようなＸ，Ｙ，またはＺ方向のみ半導体レーザと光フ
ァイバの相対位置を変化させた時の光パワー値の分布）
の裾野のほうから、すなわち光パワー値がピークとなる
点から遠く離れた点から探索を開始する場合、測定・移
動のステップの繰り返しが多くなり、調整時間が長くな
るという欠点があった。In the surface search step and the focus search step in the above-described conventional optical fiber optical axis alignment method, since the semiconductor laser or the optical fiber is a hill climbing method in which the optical fiber is moved at a constant pitch, the light distribution (Fig. (Distribution of the optical power value when the relative position of the semiconductor laser and the optical fiber is changed only in the X, Y, or Z directions as shown in 5)
When the search is started from the bottom of, that is, from a point far away from the point where the optical power value reaches the peak, there is a drawback that the measurement and movement steps are repeated many times and the adjustment time becomes long.
【００１１】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の請求項１に係る
光ファイバの光軸合わせ方法は、一定の直線方向に発光
素子と光ファイバとを相対的に移動して調整したときの
前記一定の直線方向における前記発光素子と前記光ファ
イバとの相対的な位置について、複数の位置で前記発光
素子から出射され前記光ファイバを透過した光の光パワ
ー値を測定し、この複数の位置および測定した光パワー
値から、位置を変化させた時の光パワー値の変化である
光分布を近似する極値が一つである凸形関数およびこの
凸形関数が極値となる位置を決定することを特徴とす
る。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for aligning an optical axis of an optical fiber, wherein the light emitting element and the optical fiber are relatively moved in a constant linear direction and adjusted. Regarding the relative positions of the light emitting element and the optical fiber in the linear direction, the optical power value of the light emitted from the light emitting element and transmitted through the optical fiber at a plurality of positions is measured, and the plurality of positions and the measurement are performed. From the optical power value, the convex function with one extremum that approximates the light distribution, which is the change in the optical power value when the position is changed, and the position where this convex function becomes the extremal value are determined. Is characterized by.
【００１２】本発明の請求項２に係る光ファイバの光軸
合わせ方法は、請求項１に係る光ファイバの光軸合わせ
方法により凸形関数およびこの凸形関数が極値となる位
置を決定する第１の手順と、前記凸形関数が極値となる
位置で光パワー値を測定する第２の手順と、この第２の
手順で測定に用いた位置および測定した光パワー値並び
に既に測定に用いた全ての位置および測定した光パワー
値から前記凸形関数および前記凸形関数が極値となる位
置を再決定する第３の手順とを含み、前記第１の手順の
次または前記第３の手順で測定に用いた位置と再決定し
た前記凸形関数が極値となる位置との差が許容範囲外で
ある時に前記第２の手順を行い、前記第３の手順で測定
に用いた位置と再決定した前記凸形関数が極値になる位
置との差が許容範囲内であるときは調整を終了すことを
特徴とする。An optical fiber optical axis aligning method according to a second aspect of the present invention determines a convex function and a position at which the convex function has an extreme value by the optical fiber optical axis aligning method according to the first aspect. The first procedure, the second procedure of measuring the optical power value at the position where the convex function has an extreme value, the position used for the measurement in the second procedure, the measured optical power value, and the already measured value. A third step of re-determining the convex function and the position where the convex function becomes an extreme value from all the positions used and the measured optical power value, and the third step after the first step or the third step. When the difference between the position used for measurement in the procedure of 1 and the position where the re-determined convex function becomes an extreme value is outside the allowable range, the second procedure is performed, and the measurement is performed in the third procedure. The difference between the position and the position where the re-determined convex function becomes an extreme value is the allowable range. When it is the inner is characterized in that to end the adjustment.
【００１３】本発明の請求項３に係る光ファイバの光軸
合わせ方法は、請求項１に係る光ファイバの光軸合わせ
方法により、凸形関数およびこの凸形関数が極値となる
位置を決定し、前記凸形関数が極値となる位置から位置
を一定ピッチずつずらしながら光パワー値を測定して山
登り法により光パワー値が最大となる位置を探索するこ
とを特徴とする。An optical fiber optical axis aligning method according to a third aspect of the present invention determines a convex function and a position where the convex function has an extreme value by the optical fiber optical axis aligning method according to the first aspect. Then, the optical power value is measured while shifting the position from the position where the convex function is the extreme value by a constant pitch, and the position where the optical power value is maximum is searched for by the hill climbing method.
【００１４】本発明の請求項４または５に係る光ファイ
バの光軸合わせ方法として、請求項１ないし３に係る光
ファイバの光軸合わせ方法で初期位置およびこの初期位
置から予め定められた手順で得られた２以上の位置を複
数の位置とし、予め定められた手順は初期位置から正方
向へ所定の距離だけずらして第２の位置を得、この第２
の位置で測定した光パワー値が前記初期位置で測定した
光パワー値より大きいときは前記第２の位置からさらに
正方向へ所定の距離だけずらしそうでなければ前記初期
位置から負方向へ所定の距離だけずらして第３の位置を
得るようにできる。As an optical axis aligning method for an optical fiber according to claim 4 or 5 of the present invention, an optical axis aligning method for an optical fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is used to perform an initial position and a predetermined procedure from the initial position. The obtained two or more positions are set as a plurality of positions, and the predetermined procedure is to shift the initial position from the initial position by a predetermined distance to obtain the second position.
When the optical power value measured at the position is larger than the optical power value measured at the initial position, the optical power value is not further shifted from the second position in the positive direction by a predetermined distance. It is possible to obtain the third position by shifting the distance.
【００１５】本発明の請求項６に係る発光素子と光ファ
イバとの結合効率が最大となるように前記発光素子の出
射光の方向であるＺならびにこのＺ方向に垂直な２方向
のＸおよびＹ方向について前記発光素子および前記光フ
ァイバの相対的な位置を調整する光ファイバの光軸合わ
せ方法において、請求項４または５に係る光ファイバの
光軸合わせ方法により光パワー値が最大となるように調
整したＸ，ＹおよびＺ方向についての位置の座標値を第
１の変数に格納する第１の手順と、直前の光パワー値の
測定に用いたＸ，ＹおよびＺ方向の位置を初期位置とし
て請求項４または５に係る光ファイバの光軸合わせ方法
により光パワー値が最大となるように調整したＸ，Ｙお
よびＺ方向についての位置の座標を第２の変数に格納す
る第２の手順と、前記第１の手順の次に前記第２の手順
を行い、さらに前記第２の手順後に前記第１の変数に格
納された座標値が示す位置と前記第２の変数に格納され
た座標値が示す位置との差が許容範囲内にない時に前記
第２の変数の内容を前記第１の変数に格納してから再び
前記第２の手順を行い、前記第２の手順後に前記第１の
変数に格納された座標値が示す位置と前記第２の変数に
格納された座標値が示す位置との差が許容範囲内である
ときは調整を終了することを特徴とする。According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, Z, which is the direction of light emitted from the light emitting element, and X and Y in two directions perpendicular to the Z direction, so that the coupling efficiency between the light emitting element and the optical fiber is maximized. An optical fiber optical axis aligning method for adjusting a relative position of the light emitting element and the optical fiber with respect to a direction, wherein the optical power value is maximized by the optical fiber optical axis aligning method according to claim 4 or 5. The first procedure for storing the adjusted coordinate values of the positions in the X, Y, and Z directions in the first variable, and the positions in the X, Y, and Z directions used for the measurement of the immediately preceding optical power value as the initial position A second procedure for storing, in a second variable, the coordinates of the positions in the X, Y, and Z directions adjusted so that the optical power value is maximized by the optical axis alignment method for an optical fiber according to claim 4 or 5. , The second procedure is performed after the first procedure, and after the second procedure, the position indicated by the coordinate value stored in the first variable and the coordinate value stored in the second variable are When the difference from the position shown is not within the allowable range, the contents of the second variable are stored in the first variable, the second procedure is performed again, and the first variable is processed after the second procedure. The adjustment is terminated when the difference between the position indicated by the coordinate value stored in 1) and the position indicated by the coordinate value stored in the second variable is within the allowable range.
【００１６】なお、請求項１ないし３に係る光ファイバ
の光軸合わせ方法はＸ，ＹおよびＺ方向の３方向に適用
することも、Ｘ，ＹまたはＺ方向のうちの２方向または
１方向のみに適用することもできる。The optical fiber optical axis aligning method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 can be applied to three directions of X, Y and Z directions, or only two or one of the X, Y and Z directions. Can also be applied to.
【００１７】また請求項４にかかる光ファイバの光軸合
わせ方法における「予め定められた手順」として、無条
件に初期位置の正負方向へ所定の距離だけずれた２点を
得る等の他の種々の方法も考えられる。Further, as the "predetermined procedure" in the optical axis alignment method of the optical fiber according to the fourth aspect, other various kinds such as unconditionally obtaining two points shifted by a predetermined distance in the positive and negative directions of the initial position. The method of is also conceivable.
【００１８】さらに請求項１ないし３に係る光ファイバ
の光軸合わせ方法における複数の位置として予め定めら
れた手順に従わない全く任意な位置を選んでも本発明は
可能である。Furthermore, the present invention is possible even if a completely arbitrary position that does not follow a predetermined procedure is selected as the plurality of positions in the optical axis aligning method of the optical fiber according to the first to third aspects.
【００１９】極地が一つであると凸形関数が二次関数の
場合、３つの位置の光パワー値を測定すれば連立方程式
を解くことで通常のその関数を決定でき、４つ以上の位
置の光パワー値を測定したときは、最小二乗法によりそ
の関数を一意に決定できる。請求項１に係る光ファイバ
の光軸合わせ方法では複数の位置が３つの位置であれば
連立方程式の解法で４つ以上の位置ならば最小二乗法で
凸形関数を決定できる。If the convex function is a quadratic function when the number of polarities is one, the ordinary function can be determined by solving the simultaneous equations by measuring the optical power values at three positions, and four or more positions can be determined. When the optical power value of is measured, the function can be uniquely determined by the least squares method. In the optical fiber optical axis aligning method according to the first aspect, the convex function can be determined by the solution of simultaneous equations when the plurality of positions are three positions and by the least squares method when there are four or more positions.
【００２０】請求項２にかかる光ファイバの光軸合わせ
方法では、第１の手順では連立方程式の解法により第３
の手順では最小二乗法により凸関数を決定することがで
きるが、第１の手順から４つ以上の位置で光パワー値を
測定して第１および第３の手順ともに最小二乗法により
凸形関数を決定してもよい。In the optical axis aligning method of the optical fiber according to claim 2, in the first procedure, the third method is performed by solving simultaneous equations.
The convex function can be determined by the method of least squares by the method of, but the optical power values are measured at four or more positions from the first procedure, and the convex function is calculated by the method of least squares in both the first and third procedures. May be determined.
【００２１】後述する指数関数や分数関数のように最小
二乗法で関数を決定するのが困難な場合は、請求項３に
係る光ファイバの光軸合わせ方法を用いることができ
る。When it is difficult to determine the function by the least-squares method such as an exponential function or a fractional function which will be described later, the optical fiber optical axis alignment method according to claim 3 can be used.
【００２２】[0022]
【実施例】本発明で光分布を近似するピーク（極値）が
一つである凸形関数の例として、二次関数を代表として
取り上げて本発明の一実施例を説明する。二次関数と
は、光パワー値をＰ、変数をｓ（Ｘ、Ｙ、Ｚ座標のいず
れか）、係数をａ，ｂ，ｃとすると、以下の式で表せる
関数をいう。EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described by taking a quadratic function as an example of a convex function having one peak (extreme value) that approximates the light distribution in the present invention. The quadratic function is a function that can be expressed by the following equation, where P is a light power value, s is a variable (any of X, Y, and Z coordinates), and coefficients are a, b, and c.
【００２３】 Ｐ＝ａ＊Ｓ2 ＋ｂ＊Ｓ＋ｃ （ａ≠０） また、光分布を近似するためのピークが一つである凸関
数として指数関数と分数関数もある。光パワー値をＰを
指数関数で表すと次のようになる。P = a * S 2 + b * S + c (a ≠ 0) There are also exponential functions and fractional functions as convex functions with one peak for approximating the light distribution. The light power value P is expressed as follows when P is expressed by an exponential function.
【００２４】 Ｐ＝ｂ＊ｅｘｐ（−（ａ＊（ｓ＋ｃ））2 ） （ａ≠０、ｂ＞０） また、光パワー値Ｐを分数関数で表すと次のようにな
る。P = b * exp (− (a * (s + c)) 2 ) (a ≠ 0, b> 0) Further, the optical power value P is represented by a fractional function as follows.
【００２５】 Ｐ＝１／（ａ＊Ｓ2 ＋ｂ＊ｓ＋ｃ） （ａ＞０、ｂ2 −４＊ａｃ＜０） 次に、本発明の実施例について図面を参照して説明す
る。P = 1 / (a * S 2 + b * s + c) (a> 0, b 2 -4 * ac <0) Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
【００２６】図１および図２は本発明の光ファイバの光
軸合わせ方法の一実施例のＸ方向の調整法を示す流れ図
であり、図３は本実施例の全体の手順を示す流れ図であ
り、図４は本実施例で用いる光モジュール組立装置を示
すブロック図である。1 and 2 are flow charts showing an X-direction adjusting method of an embodiment of an optical fiber optical axis aligning method of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing an entire procedure of this embodiment. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an optical module assembling apparatus used in this embodiment.
【００２７】図４に示される光モジュール組立装置は、
半導体レーザをＸＹ方向に移動し光ファイバをＺ方向に
移動させる調心ステージ４１と、光パワー値を測定する
装置４２と、光半導体レーザと光ファイバを溶接により
互いに固定する装置４３と、これらを制御する制御部４
４とから構成される。The optical module assembling apparatus shown in FIG.
An aligning stage 41 that moves the semiconductor laser in the XY directions and an optical fiber in the Z direction, a device 42 that measures the optical power value, a device 43 that fixes the optical semiconductor laser and the optical fiber to each other by welding, and these. Control unit 4 to control
4 and.
【００２８】本実施例について、まず、調心ステージ４
１で半導体レーザをＸ方向に移動させて光パワー値がピ
ークになる点を求める調整方法を説明する。以下の説明
でサンプリング座標とは、光分布の二次関数近似に用い
られる光パワー値を測定する半導体レーザのＸ方向の位
置（半導体レーザを載置したＸＹテーブルのＸ方向の位
置と言い換えてもよい）サンプリング点とは二次関数近
似に用いられる半導体レーザのＸ座標及びその座標で測
定した光パワーからなる図５に示すような横軸を半導体
レーザのＸ方向の位置、縦軸を光パワー値とする直交座
標上の点と定義する。In this embodiment, first, the alignment stage 4
An adjustment method for finding the point where the optical power value reaches a peak by moving the semiconductor laser in the X direction in step 1 will be described. In the following description, the sampling coordinates are the position in the X direction of the semiconductor laser that measures the optical power value used for the quadratic function approximation of the light distribution (in other words, the position in the X direction of the XY table on which the semiconductor laser is mounted. Sampling points are X coordinates of a semiconductor laser used for quadratic function approximation and optical power measured at the coordinates. The horizontal axis as shown in FIG. 5 is the position in the X direction of the semiconductor laser, and the vertical axis is the optical power. It is defined as a point on the Cartesian coordinates that is the value.
【００２９】まず、図１の処理１１で制御部４４によっ
て半導体レーザの初期位置を第１のサンプリング座標と
し、処理１２でこの第一のサンプリング座標での光パワ
ー値を装置４２によって測定し、これらサンプリング座
標および光パワー値からなる第一のサンプリング点の値
が制御部４４に記憶される。次に、処理１３で制御部４
４によって第一のサンプリング座標から予め設定された
距離だけ正方向にずらした第二のサンプリング座標を計
算し、処理１４で半導体レーザを移動し、第二のサンプ
リング座標での光パワー値を測定し、これらからなる第
二のサンプリング点の値が制御部４４に記憶される。次
に、処理１５で、制御部４４によって、第一のサンプリ
ング点の光パワー値と第二のサンプリング点の光パワー
値の比較を行う。First, in process 11 of FIG. 1, the initial position of the semiconductor laser is set to the first sampling coordinate by the control unit 44, and in process 12, the optical power value at the first sampling coordinate is measured by the device 42. The value of the first sampling point including the sampling coordinates and the optical power value is stored in the control unit 44. Next, in process 13, the control unit 4
The second sampling coordinate which is shifted from the first sampling coordinate in the positive direction by the preset distance is calculated by 4, and the semiconductor laser is moved in process 14 to measure the optical power value at the second sampling coordinate. The value of the second sampling point composed of these is stored in the control unit 44. Next, in process 15, the control unit 44 compares the optical power value of the first sampling point with the optical power value of the second sampling point.
【００３０】処理１６では、制御部４４によって、第二
のサンプリング点の光パワー値が第一のサンプリング点
の光パワー値より大きい場合には、処理１８で第二のサ
ンプリング座標からあらかじめ設定された距離だけ正方
向にずらした第三のサンプリング座標を計算し、処理１
８で半導体レーザを移動し第三のサンプリング座標での
光パワー値を計測し、第３のサンプリング点を求める。
第三のサンプリング点の光パワー値が第一のサンプリン
グ点の光パワー値と同じかまたはそれより小さい場合に
は、第一のサンプリング座標からあらかじめ設定された
距離だけ負方向にずらした点を第三のサンプリング座標
とし、処理１８を行う。In the process 16, if the optical power value of the second sampling point is larger than the optical power value of the first sampling point by the control unit 44, it is preset from the second sampling coordinate in the process 18. Calculate the third sampling coordinate shifted by the distance in the positive direction, and process 1.
At 8, the semiconductor laser is moved, the optical power value at the third sampling coordinate is measured, and the third sampling point is obtained.
When the optical power value at the third sampling point is equal to or smaller than the optical power value at the first sampling point, the point shifted in the negative direction from the first sampling coordinate by the preset distance is Processing 18 is performed with three sampling coordinates.
【００３１】次に、処理１９では、制御部４４で、第一
〜第三の３点のサンプリング点を通る二次関数を求め、
この二次関数の曲線を光分布と仮定し、曲線のピーク位
置を光分布のピーク位置と仮定してそのピーク位置のピ
ーク座標を計算する。処理２０では調心ステージ４１に
より、計算されたピーク座標に半導体レーザを移動し、
このピーク座標（以下、これを測定点座標と称する）で
の光パワー値を測定する。次に、処理２１では制御部４
４で処理２０で測定した光パワー値およびピーク座標か
らなるサンプリング点を処理１８までで得た３点のサン
プリング点に加え、４点のサンプリング点から最小二乗
法により二次関数を求め、この二次関数曲線を光分布と
してそのピーク座標を計算する。ここで、この計算され
たピーク座標を計算座標と称する。Next, in process 19, the control unit 44 obtains a quadratic function passing through the first to third sampling points,
The curve of this quadratic function is assumed to be the light distribution, the peak position of the curve is assumed to be the peak position of the light distribution, and the peak coordinates of the peak position are calculated. In process 20, the semiconductor laser is moved to the calculated peak coordinate by the aligning stage 41,
The optical power value at this peak coordinate (hereinafter, referred to as measurement point coordinate) is measured. Next, in process 21, the control unit 4
In addition to the three sampling points obtained in the process 18 up to the sampling points consisting of the optical power value and the peak coordinate measured in the process 20 in the step 4, a quadratic function is obtained from the four sampling points by the least square method, The peak coordinates are calculated using the light curve as the quadratic function curve. Here, the calculated peak coordinates are referred to as calculated coordinates.
【００３２】次に、処理２２では、制御部４４で前述の
測定点の座標と計算座標の差△を比較する。差△が設定
した許容範囲内にあれば、処理２３でＸ方向に関する調
整を終了し、次の処理２３でＹ方向の調整を行う。差△
が許容範囲内にない場合は、処理２０に戻る。このよう
に処理２０に戻った時は処理２１での二次関数近似に用
いるサンプリング点の個数は、前回の処理２１での二次
関数近似に用いたサンプリング点の個数より１点多い個
数となる。Next, in process 22, the controller 44 compares the difference Δ between the coordinates of the measurement point and the calculated coordinates. If the difference Δ is within the set permissible range, the process 23 ends the adjustment in the X direction, and the next process 23 performs the Y direction adjustment. Difference △
If is not within the allowable range, the process returns to the process 20. When the process returns to the process 20, the number of sampling points used in the quadratic function approximation in the process 21 is one more than the number of sampling points used in the quadratic function approximation in the previous process 21. .
【００３３】なお、光分布を近似するピークが一つの凸
形関数として指数関数、分数関数を用いることもできる
が、この場合は最小二乗法により凸形関数を決定するの
が困難なので処理２１、処理２２代わりに、処理２０で
求めたピーク座標から山登りを行い、山の頂点を光分布
のピークとし、調整を終了する。It is also possible to use an exponential function or a fractional function as a convex function having one peak approximating the light distribution, but in this case, it is difficult to determine the convex function by the least squares method, so the processing 21, Instead of the process 22, the hill climbing is performed from the peak coordinates obtained in the process 20, the peak of the mountain is set as the peak of the light distribution, and the adjustment is completed.
【００３４】次に、本実施例のＸ，Ｙ，Ｚ方向を含めた
光ファイバの軸合わせについて図２を参照して説明す
る。Next, the axis alignment of the optical fiber in the X, Y and Z directions of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
【００３５】図３の処理３１で、Ｘ方向の調整が終了し
た後は、Ｙ，Ｚ方向の順にＸ方向の場合と同じ手順で調
整する。Ｘ，Ｙ，Ｚ軸の調整が一通り終了したら、この
時のＸ，Ｙ，Ｚ座標を処理３２で制御部４４内に設けた
変数ｐｅａｋ1 に格納する。処理３３では、処理３１で
のＸ，Ｙ，Ｚ方向のそれぞれについての調整後の位置を
半導体レーザおよび光ファイバの初期位置として処理３
１と同じ処理を行う。処理３４ではしょり３３での調整
した後のＸ，Ｙ，Ｚ座標を制御部４４内に設けた変数ｐ
ｅａｋ2 に格納する。After the adjustment in the X direction is completed in the process 31 of FIG. 3, the adjustment is performed in the order of the Y and Z directions in the same procedure as in the case of the X direction. When the adjustment of the X, Y, and Z axes is completed, the X, Y, and Z coordinates at this time are stored in the variable peak1 provided in the control unit 44 in the process 32. In the process 33, the positions after adjustment in the X, Y, and Z directions in the process 31 are set as the initial positions of the semiconductor laser and the optical fiber in the process 3
The same process as 1 is performed. In process 34, the X, Y, and Z coordinates after the adjustment in the slider 33 are set in the variable p in the control unit 44.
Store it in eak2.
【００３６】処理３５では、変数ｐｅａｋ1 にｐｅａｋ
2 に格納されたｘ，ｙ，ｚ座標の比較を行う。変数ｐｅ
ａｋ1 とｐｅａｋ2 とに格納されたＸ，Ｙ，Ｚ座標の位
置関係が一定範囲の差以内であったら調整を終了し、処
理３６で溶接装置４３により半導体レーザと光ファイバ
の溶接を行う。変数ｐｅａｋ1 とｐｅａｋ2 とに格納さ
れたＸ，Ｙ，Ｚ座標の位置関係が要ってい範囲の差より
も大きかったら処理３７で変数ｐｅａｋ1 に変数ｐｅａ
ｋ2 の内容を格納し、処理３３に戻る。なお、処理３３
では処理３１に比べ、Ｘ，Ｙ，Ｚ方向それぞれのサンプ
リング座標間の距離を短くしたほうが望ましい。In the process 35, the peak is set to the variable peak1.
The x, y, z coordinates stored in 2 are compared. Variable pe
If the positional relationship of the X, Y, Z coordinates stored in ak1 and peak2 is within the difference of a certain range, the adjustment is ended, and in process 36, the welding device 43 welds the semiconductor laser and the optical fiber. If the positional relationship of the X, Y, and Z coordinates stored in the variables peak1 and peak2 is required and is larger than the difference between the ranges, the variable peak1 is set to the variable peak1 in step 37.
The contents of k2 are stored, and the process returns to step 33. Note that the process 33
Then, it is desirable to shorten the distance between the sampling coordinates in each of the X, Y, and Z directions as compared with the processing 31.
【００３７】また、以上の実施例の説明でＸ，Ｙ方向に
は半導体レーザを移動させ、Ｚ方向には光ファイバを移
動させるように説明したが、本発明は半導体レーザおよ
び光ファイバを相対的に移動させればよいのでＸ，Ｙ方
向に光ファイバを移動させＺ方向に半導体レーザを移動
させるようにすることも可能である。In the above description of the embodiments, the semiconductor laser is moved in the X and Y directions, and the optical fiber is moved in the Z direction. However, the present invention makes the semiconductor laser and the optical fiber relative to each other. Therefore, it is possible to move the optical fiber in the X and Y directions and move the semiconductor laser in the Z direction.
【００３８】[0038]
【発明の効果】本発明の光ファイバの光軸合わせ方法
は、発光素子と光ファイバの相対的な複数の位置で測定
した複数の光パワー値から光分布を近似凸形関数を決定
しこの凸形関数の極値の位置に発光素子おぴょび光ファ
イバを位置させることにより、初期位置が光パワー値が
最大となる位置から遠く離れ、光分布の裾野から光パワ
ー値が最大となる位置を探索することとなった場合でも
発光素子の移動および光パワー値の測定の繰り返し回数
を減少させることができ、調整時間が短縮されるという
効果がある。According to the optical fiber optical axis alignment method of the present invention, an approximate convex function of the light distribution is determined from a plurality of light power values measured at a plurality of relative positions of the light emitting element and the optical fiber, and the convex function is calculated. By locating the light-emitting element and the optical fiber at the position of the extremum of the shape function, the initial position is far from the position where the optical power value is the maximum, and the position where the optical power value is the maximum from the foot of the light distribution. Even in the case of searching, the number of repetitions of the movement of the light emitting element and the measurement of the optical power value can be reduced, and the adjustment time can be shortened.
【図１】本発明の光ファイバの光軸合わせ方法の一実施
例のＸ方向の調整方法を示す流れ図である。FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing an X-direction adjustment method of an embodiment of an optical fiber optical axis alignment method of the present invention.
【図２】図１に続く流れ図である。FIG. 2 is a flowchart following FIG.
【図３】図１および図２にＸ方向の調整方法を示した実
施例の全体の調整方法を示す流れ図である。FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an overall adjusting method of an embodiment in which the adjusting method in the X direction is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
【図４】図３に示す実施例に用いる光モジュール組立装
置のブロック図である。FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an optical module assembling apparatus used in the embodiment shown in FIG.
【図５】従来の光ファイバの光軸合わせ方法におけるＸ
方向の山登り法を説明するための図である。FIG. 5: X in the conventional optical axis alignment method for optical fibers
It is a figure for explaining a mountain climbing method of a direction.
【図６】従来の光ファイバの光軸合わせ方法を示す既略
的な斜視図である。FIG. 6 is an abbreviated perspective view showing a conventional optical axis alignment method for an optical fiber.
【図７】従来の光ファイバの光軸合わせ方法を示す流れ
図である。FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a conventional optical axis alignment method for an optical fiber.
１ 半導体レーザ ２ 出射光軸 ３ 光ファイバ 1 semiconductor laser 2 emission optical axis 3 optical fiber
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｈ０１Ｓ 3/18 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Internal reference number FI technical indication H01S 3/18
Claims (6)
とを相対的に移動して調整した時の前記一定の直線方向
における前記発光素子と前記光ファイバとの相対的な位
置について、複数の位置で前記発光素子から出射され前
記光ファイバを透過した光の光パワー値を測定し、この
複数の位置および測定した光パワー値から、位置を変化
させた時の光パワー値の変化である光分布を近似する極
値が一つである凸形関数およびこの凸形関数が極値とな
る位置を決定することを特徴とする光ファイバの光軸合
わせ方法。1. A plurality of relative positions of the light emitting element and the optical fiber in the constant linear direction when the light emitting element and the optical fiber are adjusted by relatively moving in the constant linear direction. The light power value of the light emitted from the light emitting element and transmitted through the optical fiber at a position is measured, and a light which is a change in the light power value when the position is changed from the plurality of positions and the measured light power value. A method for aligning an optical axis of an optical fiber, which comprises determining a convex function having one extreme value that approximates a distribution and a position where the convex function has an extreme value.
方法により凸形関数およびこの凸形関数が極値となる位
置を決定する第１の手順と、前記凸形関数が極値となる
位置で光パワー値を測定する第２の手順と、この第２の
手順で測定に用いた位置および測定した光パワー値なら
びに既に測定に用いた全ての位置および測定した光パワ
ー値から前記凸形関数および前記凸形関数が極値となる
位置を再決定する第３の手順とを含み、前記第１の手順
の次または前記第３の手順で測定に用いた位置と再決定
した前記凸形関数が極値となる位置との差が許容範囲外
である時に前記第２の手順を行い、前記第３の手順で測
定に用いた位置と再決定した前記凸形関数が極値になる
位置との差が許容範囲内である時は調整を終了すること
を特徴とする光ファイバの光軸合わせ方法。2. A convex function and a first procedure for determining a position where the convex function has an extreme value by the optical fiber alignment method according to claim 1, and the convex function has an extreme value. A second procedure for measuring the optical power value at a position, the position used for the measurement and the measured optical power value in the second procedure, and the convex shape from all the positions already used for the measurement and the measured optical power value. A function and a third procedure for re-determining the position where the convex function becomes an extreme value, and the convex shape re-determined with the position used for measurement in the next or the third procedure of the first procedure. When the difference from the position where the function takes an extreme value is outside the allowable range, the second procedure is performed, and the position used for measurement in the third procedure and the position where the convex function re-determined becomes the extreme value The optical fiber is characterized in that the adjustment is terminated when the difference between How to align the optical axis of Iba.
方法により、凸形関数およびこの凸形関数が極値となる
位置を決定し、前記凸形関数が極値となる位置から位置
を一定ピッチずつずらしながら光パワー値を測定して山
登り法により光パワー値が最大となる位置を探索するこ
とを特徴とする光ファイバの光軸位置合わせ方法。3. A convex function and a position at which the convex function has an extreme value are determined by the optical axis alignment method according to claim 1, and the position is determined from the position at which the convex function has an extreme value. A method for aligning an optical axis of an optical fiber, wherein the optical power value is measured while being shifted by a constant pitch, and a position where the optical power value is maximum is searched by a hill climbing method.
められた手順で得られた２以上の位置を複数の位置とす
る請求項１ないし３記載の光ファイバ光軸合わせ方法。4. The optical fiber optical axis aligning method according to claim 1, wherein the initial position and two or more positions obtained from the initial position by a predetermined procedure are a plurality of positions.
向へ所定の距離だけずらして第２の位置を得、この第２
の位置で測定した光パワー値が前記初期位置で測定した
光パワー値より大きいときは前記第２の位置からさらに
正方向へ所定の距離だけずらしそうでなければ前記初期
位置から負方向へ所定の距離だけずらして第３の位置を
得る請求項４記載の光ファイバの光軸合わせ方法。5. The predetermined procedure is to shift the initial position from the initial position in the positive direction by a predetermined distance to obtain a second position.
When the optical power value measured at the position is larger than the optical power value measured at the initial position, the optical power value is not further shifted from the second position in the positive direction by a predetermined distance. The optical axis alignment method for an optical fiber according to claim 4, wherein the third position is obtained by shifting the distance.
となるように前記発光素子の出射光の方向であるＺ方向
ならびにこのＺ方向に垂直な２方向のＸおよびＹ方向に
ついて前記発光素子および前記光ファイバの相対的な位
置を調整する光ファイバの光軸合わせ方法において、請
求項４または５記載の光ファイバの光軸合わせ方法によ
り光パワー値が最大となるように調整したＸ，Ｙおよび
Ｚ方向についての位置の座標値を第１の変数に格納する
第１の手順と、直前の光パワー値の測定に用いたＸ，Ｙ
およびＺ方向の位置を初期位置として請求項４または５
記載の光りファイバの光軸合わせ方法により光パワー値
が最大となるように調整したＸ，ＹおよびＺ方向につい
ての位置の座標値を第２の変数に格納する第２の手順
と、前記第１の手順の次に前記第２の手順を行い、さら
に前記第２の手順後に前記第１の変数に格納された座標
値が示す位置と前記第２の変数に格納された座標値が示
す位置との差が許容範囲内にない時に前記第２の変数の
内容を前記第１の変数に格納してから再び前記第２の手
順を行い、前記第２の手順後に前記第１の変数に格納さ
れた座標値が示す位置と前記第２の変数に格納された座
標値が示す位置との差が許容範囲内であるときは調整を
終了することを特徴とする光ファイバの光軸合わせ方
法。6. The light emitting element and the Z direction, which is the direction of light emitted from the light emitting element, and the X and Y directions perpendicular to the Z direction, so that the coupling efficiency between the light emitting element and the optical fiber is maximized. An optical fiber optical axis aligning method for adjusting the relative position of the optical fiber, wherein X, Y and the optical power value adjusted by the optical fiber optical axis aligning method according to claim 4 or 5 are maximized. The first procedure of storing the coordinate value of the position in the Z direction in the first variable and the X, Y used for the measurement of the immediately preceding optical power value
And a position in the Z direction as an initial position.
A second procedure for storing the coordinate values of the positions in the X, Y and Z directions adjusted to maximize the optical power value by the optical fiber alignment method described in the second variable, and the first procedure described above. And the position indicated by the coordinate value stored in the first variable and the position indicated by the coordinate value stored in the second variable after the second procedure. Is not within the allowable range, the contents of the second variable are stored in the first variable, the second procedure is performed again, and the second variable is stored in the first variable after the second procedure. When the difference between the position indicated by the coordinate value and the position indicated by the coordinate value stored in the second variable is within the allowable range, the adjustment is ended.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23335094A JPH0894890A (en) | 1994-09-28 | 1994-09-28 | Optical axis alignment method for optical fiber |
| US08/534,824 US5623337A (en) | 1994-09-28 | 1995-09-27 | Method capable of quickly adjusting an optical axis of an optical fiber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23335094A JPH0894890A (en) | 1994-09-28 | 1994-09-28 | Optical axis alignment method for optical fiber |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0894890A true JPH0894890A (en) | 1996-04-12 |
Family
ID=16953775
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23335094A Pending JPH0894890A (en) | 1994-09-28 | 1994-09-28 | Optical axis alignment method for optical fiber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0894890A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100466378B1 (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2005-01-13 | 주식회사 이오테크닉스 | Method for arranging optical device and optical fiber in procedure manufacturing optical communication module |
| JP2008261797A (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-10-30 | Nsk Ltd | Ball phase detection method for ball bearings |
| KR101062192B1 (en) * | 2003-03-25 | 2011-09-05 | 후지필름 가부시키가이샤 | Caution for harmonic laser light, laser light harmonic light source and exposure apparatus |
| CN106680945A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-05-17 | 深圳新飞通光电子技术有限公司 | Light collimation coupling workbench |
| CN112014073A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-01 | 湖南镭目科技有限公司 | Laser detection device and laser detection method for alignment of high-energy laser beam |
| CN116625349A (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-08-22 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | A method to improve the vibration performance of fiber optic compass |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58111010A (en) * | 1981-12-23 | 1983-07-01 | Fujitsu Ltd | Positioning device |
| JPS606482A (en) * | 1983-06-25 | 1985-01-14 | Nagano Nippon Musen Kk | Paper feed method of thermal recording apparatus |
| JPS6341814A (en) * | 1986-08-08 | 1988-02-23 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Method and device for matching optical axes between semiconductor element and optical transmission line |
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1994
- 1994-09-28 JP JP23335094A patent/JPH0894890A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58111010A (en) * | 1981-12-23 | 1983-07-01 | Fujitsu Ltd | Positioning device |
| JPS606482A (en) * | 1983-06-25 | 1985-01-14 | Nagano Nippon Musen Kk | Paper feed method of thermal recording apparatus |
| JPS6341814A (en) * | 1986-08-08 | 1988-02-23 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Method and device for matching optical axes between semiconductor element and optical transmission line |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100466378B1 (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2005-01-13 | 주식회사 이오테크닉스 | Method for arranging optical device and optical fiber in procedure manufacturing optical communication module |
| KR101062192B1 (en) * | 2003-03-25 | 2011-09-05 | 후지필름 가부시키가이샤 | Caution for harmonic laser light, laser light harmonic light source and exposure apparatus |
| JP2008261797A (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-10-30 | Nsk Ltd | Ball phase detection method for ball bearings |
| CN106680945A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-05-17 | 深圳新飞通光电子技术有限公司 | Light collimation coupling workbench |
| CN106680945B (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2019-02-01 | 深圳新飞通光电子技术有限公司 | A kind of light collimation coupling operational platform |
| CN112014073A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-01 | 湖南镭目科技有限公司 | Laser detection device and laser detection method for alignment of high-energy laser beam |
| CN116625349A (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-08-22 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | A method to improve the vibration performance of fiber optic compass |
| CN116625349B (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-09-15 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇七研究所 | Method for improving vibration performance of optical fiber compass |
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