JPH089782A - Cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] (Corrected) [Purpose] To enable seedling transplantation. [Structure] A seed 4 of a crop A to be cultivated and a seed 5 of a plant B different from the crop are cultivated by using an N seedling raising tray for cell-shaped seedlings.
Are sown in the same cell 2 to raise the seedlings of the crop A and the plant B so that the seedlings of the crop A and the seedlings of the plant B grow together.
Was taken out of the cell 2 and transplanted to the field, and after the transplantation, the plant B was cultivated so as to hardly grow or die without using a chemical such as a herbicide.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cultivation method for growing cell-molded seedlings such as vegetables and flowers using a seedling-growing tray, and then taking out the cell-molded seedlings from the cells and transplanting them to a field for cultivation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art To grow cell-shaped seedlings such as vegetables and flowers using a seedling raising tray, conventionally, each cell is packed with a floor material,
Then spread only the seeds of the crop to be cultivated in each cell,
Then, a method of covering the soil and raising seedlings, and then taking out the cell-molded seedlings from the cell and transplanting the seedlings to a field for cultivation is adopted.

[0003]

According to the above-mentioned conventional cultivation method, as the floor material packed in each cell of the seedling raising tray, a material other than soil such as peat moss or vermiculite is used.
The purpose was to prevent the floor material from sticking to the cells when the seedlings were pulled out from the cells after raising the seedlings, and to prevent the floor material from being so heavy that the picked-up seedlings were torn. However, since this floor material that does not use soil is likely to fall apart, in order to pull out the seedlings together with the floor material from the cell, the roots must be fully extended to a state where the root pots have been formed to some extent. I had to do it.

For example, in the case of vegetables such as lettuce, when the number of days for raising seedlings is about one week, the cotyledons appear and the roots are 2-4.
It is in a state in which the root pot has not been formed because it has been elongated by only about cm. The seedlings in such a state are hereinafter referred to as seedlings. It is difficult to extract the cell-molded seedlings in this seedling state from the cells. For example, even if the seedlings are picked up and pulled up, the seedlings will be torn, or even if the extrusion rod is thrust through the hole at the bottom of the cell, the extrusion rod only pierces the floor material and the entire floor material is not pushed out. In addition, even if the chopstick-shaped member stabs the floor material from above and tries to pinch it out, the floor material falls apart and cannot be pinched out. Therefore, there has been a current situation in which cell-molded seedlings in a seedling state cannot be practically transplanted.

Therefore, as described above, it was necessary to grow the seedlings to a state where the root pots were formed to some extent. On the contrary, the roots grew too much, and the root pots were wound around the outer surface of the floor material. If the formation proceeds too much, even if transplanted, the roots will not be able to easily project toward the outside soil, and the survival of seedlings in the field will be delayed, or if the environmental conditions immediately after transplanting are poor, they will die and die. was there.

[0006] By the way, when transplanted and cultivated in a field in the summer when the sunlight and wind are strong, there is a problem that if much water evaporates from the leaf surface of the transplanted seedling, it will not be viable and die. However, if transplanted in the state of seedlings with freshly emerged cotyledons, the amount of water evaporation from the leaf surface will be small due to the small size of the transplanted seedling leaves, and the seedlings can be firmly established in the field. Therefore, in cell-molded seedlings grown using a seedling-raising tray, there are many requests that seedlings in the state of young seedlings should be extracted from the cells together with the floor material and transplanted.

[0007] Therefore, from the above, since it is difficult to transplant cell-shaped seedlings using a seedling raising tray in the state of seedlings, it is difficult to transplant the seedlings in the summer season, and stable yields can be obtained. There was a problem I couldn't do. Further, by raising and transplanting seedlings to a state where the root pots are formed to some extent, the seedling raising work is prolonged and the work amount for seedling raising management is increased. In addition, the period during which seedlings can be transplanted is shortened, and there is a possibility that a suitable transplanting period for seedlings may be missed due to weather conditions and the like, and stable yields cannot be obtained.

[0008]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses a seedling raising tray for cell-shaped seedlings,
Seeds of crops to be cultivated, and seeds of plants different from the crop are sown in the same cell to raise seedlings of the crop and seedlings of the plant together, and then remove the cell molding seedling from the cell. A cultivation method was adopted in which the plant was transplanted to a field, and after the transplantation, the plant was cultivated so as to hardly grow or die without using a drug such as a herbicide.

[0009]

The action and effect of the present invention: Seeds of a crop to be cultivated and seeds of a plant different from the crop are sown in the same cell to raise seedlings. In the floor material, the roots of the crop to be cultivated and the roots of a plant different from the crop grow together, and the retaining effect of the root floor material is remarkably improved as compared with the case of only the roots of the crop to be cultivated. .
Then, even in the state of the seedlings where the cotyledons have appeared in the cultivated crop, the seedlings can be taken out from the cell together with the floor material. The removed seedlings are transplanted to the field and cultivated. After transplanting, the cultivated crop grows satisfactorily, while the other plant seldom grows or withers.

Therefore, according to this cultivation method, the cell-molded seedlings in the state of seedlings can be pulled out from the cells without damaging the crop to be cultivated and can be transplanted to the field. As a result, even if the seedlings are transplanted to the field in the summer when the sunlight and wind are strong, the seedlings can be surely made to live in the field and a stable yield can be obtained. In addition, since it became possible to transfer seedlings in a state of being seedlings, the work of raising seedlings can be shortened and the work of seedling management can be reduced. It is possible to obtain stable yields by reducing the amount of water lost due to weather conditions.

Further, after transplanting, the other plant hardly grows or dies with respect to the cultivated crop, so that the growth of the cultivated crop after the transplant proceeds smoothly. In addition, since the fertilizer applied to the field only needs to be applied to grow the crop to be cultivated, there is no waste of fertilizer. In addition, the growing posture of the cultivated crop is not disturbed by the growth of the plant.

[0012]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail. First, an example of a seedling raising tray used for raising seedlings is shown. As shown in FIG. 1, the seedling-raising tray 1 has a plurality of cells 2 ... Arranged on the left, right, front, and rear, the openings 2a ... Side of each cell 2 ... Is connected, and the bottom 2b ... Molded from a thin sheet of flexible synthetic resin. The outer peripheral edge of the seedling raising tray 1 is rectangular in plan view, and the size thereof is 300 mm × 600 mm in length and width, which is a size capable of accommodating just one sheet in a general seedling raising box for raising rice seedlings. Each cell 2 of the seedling raising tray 1 has an opening 2a ... and a bottom 2b.
The shape in plan view is circular, and the shape in side view is trapezoid in which the lower side is shorter than the upper side. Round holes 2c are provided in the bottom portions 2b. Note that the above configuration is merely an example, and a commonly used seedling raising tray may be used.

In order to raise seedlings using the seedling raising tray 1, first, each cell 2 is filled with a floor material 3 mixed with peat moss or vermiculite. Next, the seeds 4 of the crop A to be cultivated such as vegetables and flowers are sown in each cell 2, and the seeds 5 of the plant B different from the crop A are sown in each cell 2. Then, the floor material 3 is covered with soil. After sowing as described above (FIG. 3), under appropriate temperature control, watering is performed as needed at appropriate times to raise seedlings. Then, the root Ra of the crop A to be cultivated and the root Rb of the plant B different from the crop A grow in the floor material 3. When the seedlings of the cultivated crop A are grown to a state where they are desired to be transplanted to the field, the cell-shaped seedlings N ... Are taken out from the cells 2. The taken out cell molding seedlings N ... are transplanted and cultivated in a field. After transplanting, the cultivated crop A grows satisfactorily, and the other plant B hardly grows or withers.

Therefore, at the time of raising seedlings, since the root Ra of the crop A to be cultivated and the root Rb of the plant B different from the crop A grow in the floor material 3, only the root Ra of the crop A to be cultivated. The holding action of the floor materials 3 of the roots Ra and Rb is remarkably improved as compared with the above case. And even in the state of the seedlings where the cotyledons have appeared in the cultivated crop A, the floor material 3 ...
Can be taken out from cells 2 ... (FIG. 4). As a result, even if the seedlings are transplanted to the field in the summer when the sunlight and wind are strong, the seedlings can be surely made to live in the field and a stable yield can be obtained. In addition, since it became possible to transfer seedlings in a state of being seedlings, the work of raising seedlings can be shortened and the work of seedling management can be reduced. It is possible to obtain stable yields by reducing the amount of water lost due to weather conditions.

After transplanting the cell-molded seedlings N ..., the cultivated crop A grows smoothly, and the other plant B hardly grows or withers. Therefore, the fertilizer applied to the field is the cultivated crop A. There is no waste of fertilizer because it only needs to be applied as much as necessary for growing. Further, since the growth posture of the cultivated crop A is not disturbed by the growth of the plant B, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the quality of the cultivated crop A. For example, if the crop A to be cultivated is a headed vegetable such as lettuce, when the plant B grows and the attitude of the crop A is tilted, the crop A may be deformed, but the growth attitude of the crop A is disturbed. Since this is not done, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the quality of the cultivated crop A.

In order to cultivate the above plant B so that it will hardly grow or die after transplantation, for example,
The following method can be adopted. For plant B, albino (plant without chlorophyll) is used. Seeds 4 of crop A such as vegetables and flowers and seeds 5 of albino plant B are sown in the same cell 2 to raise seedlings. Both the crop A and the plant B germinate and grow. During this seedling albino grows on the endosperm nutrients of the seed. However, since it does not have chlorophyll, its growth stops when seeds lack endosperm nutrients and eventually die. Therefore, the albino will die after transplantation. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, rice albino grows on endosperm nutrients of seed rice up to the 2.5th leaf about 20 to 25 days after sowing.

The use of monocotyledonous albino plants such as Gramineae plants such as rice, wheat and corn is also advantageous in the following points. In other words, monocotyledonous plants generally have high plant height and fast rooting of seedlings against vegetables and flowers. As a result, even if the crop A is a seedling, the roots of the plant B firmly form a root pot, so that the cell-molded seedlings N ... can be easily taken out together with the floor material 3 ...
Is higher than the plant height H1 of the crop A, when the cell-molded seedlings N ... Are taken out from the cells 2 ..., the plant B can be easily pulled out without touching the crop A. Furthermore, the strength of the seedlings of the plant B is relatively strong, so that when the cell-molded seedling N is taken out from the cell, even if the plant B is pulled out and taken out, the plant B is not easily torn. Also, the seedlings of the crop A such as vegetables and flowers spread their leaves in the plane direction (the growth in the plane direction is larger than the growth in the vertical direction), but the plant B such as rice does not spread so much to the left and right. Since it grows high upwards, it does not prevent ventilation and daylighting of the cultivated crop A. Furthermore, when the seeds 4 of the crop A and the seeds 5 of the plant B such as rice are sown in each cell 2, the seeds 4 of the crop A in each cell 2 are sown.
Planting seeds 5 and 5 of plant B on both left and right sides of
As shown in FIG. 5, the cell-shaped seedlings N '... which have been raised are in a state in which the crop A to be cultivated is sandwiched by the plants B having a high plant height from the left and right sides. As a result, the left and right sides of the crop A to be cultivated are in a state of being guarded by the plant B, and the guarding property for the crop A is enhanced as compared with the state in which one seed 5 of the plant B is sown, and the transplanting machine is used. When used for transplantation, the cell-shaped seedlings are less likely to be damaged when they are mechanically taken out or transported. It also prevents damage during transportation of seedlings. Even if the cultivated crop A is a crop that has a weak stem and tends to stick to the ground, the plant B serves as a support for the crop A and prevents the crop A from wobbling and is damaged. Prevent. In this case, since the number of seeds of the plant B is larger than the number of seeds of the crop A in each cell, the rooting is naturally further strengthened.
The extraction from cell 2 of ... becomes better. Further, the seed B may be sown and raised so that the plant B is grown not only in two places on the left and right sides of the crop A but also in three or more places around the crop A.

As the plant B, root crops such as radish and carrot, which are crops that are not suitable for transplantation and are sown directly in the field, are used (FIG. 6). By properly raising and managing the seedlings, the seedlings can be raised so that the crop A such as lettuce and cabbage and the plant B such as radish and carrot grow together. However, after transplanting to the field, crop A grows and grows in the field, but plant B
Is a root vegetable, it hardly grows and hardly grows. still,
At the time of raising seedlings, the plant height H2 of the plant B such as radish and carrot is higher than the plant height H1 of the plant A after raising the seedlings for the same number of days as the crop A such as lettuce and cabbage. Therefore, as described above, when the cell-molded seedlings N ... Are extracted from the cells 2, the plant B can be easily removed while holding the plant A without damaging the seedlings of the crop A. The plant B also plays a role of guarding the crop A.

A crop whose cultivation time in the field is significantly different from that of the crop A is used as the plant B (the figure is the same as FIG. 4). For example, the crop A is a crop cultivated in a relatively cool season from autumn to winter in the field, for example, autumn sowing lettuce sown in the fall or overwintering cabbage cultivated in the winter.
On the other hand, the plant B is a crop cultivated at a relatively warm (hot) time in the field from spring to summer and autumn. Therefore, by properly raising and raising the seedlings, it is possible to raise the seedlings so that the crop A and the plant B grow together. However, after being transplanted to the field field, the crop A grows on the field by growing, but the plant B hardly grows because it is a time significantly different from the optimum cultivation time of the plant.

Crop A to be cultivated by using as plant B a plant having a plant height H2 lower than the height H1 of the cotyledons of the crop cultivated by raising the seedlings for the same number of days as the plant A to be cultivated, for example, a weed-shaped plant such as psyllium Is a crop in which the position H1 of the cotyledon is relatively high, such as cabbage or broccoli,
The crops such as cauliflower are used (Fig. 7). Then, the crop A and the plant B are sown in the same cell 2 ... Since the root pot formation is strengthened by the plant B, the cell-formed seedlings N ... Can be taken out from the cells 2 ... Then, the taken out cell-shaped seedlings N ... Are planted relatively deeply in the field F to suppress the soil 6 so that the plant B having a low plant height H2 is buried in the soil (FIG. 8). By being transplanted in this way, the plant B does not grow after transplanting and dies in the soil. On the other hand, the cultivated crop A grows steadily on the field.

Therefore, as described above, seedlings of a crop to be cultivated and seeds of a plant different from the crop are sown in the same cell using the seedling raising tray for cell-shaped seedlings, and the seedling of the crop and the seed Raise seedlings of plants so that they grow together, then take out the cell-molded seedlings from the cells and transplant them to the field.After transplanting, the plants are cultivated so that they hardly grow or die without using chemicals such as herbicides. To do.

According to this cultivation method, when seeds of a crop to be cultivated and seeds of a plant different from the crop are sown in the same cell to raise seedlings, the roots of the crop to be cultivated and the crop in the floor material. Grows with the roots of different plants. As a result, the retaining action of the root flooring material is significantly improved as compared with the case where only the roots of the cultivated crop are used. Then, even in the state of the seedlings where the cotyledons have appeared in the cultivated crop, the seedlings can be taken out from the cell together with the floor material. The removed seedlings are transplanted to the field and cultivated. After transplanting, the cultivated crop grows satisfactorily, while the other plant seldom grows or withers.

Therefore, the cell-shaped seedlings in the state of seedlings can be pulled out from the cells without damaging the crop to be cultivated and can be transplanted to the field. As a result, even if the seedlings are transplanted to the field in the summer when the sunlight and wind are strong, the seedlings can be surely made to live in the field and a stable yield can be obtained. In addition, since it became possible to transfer seedlings in a state of being seedlings, the work of raising seedlings can be shortened and the work of seedling management can be reduced. It is possible to obtain stable yields by reducing the amount of water lost due to weather conditions.

Further, after the transplantation, the other plant hardly grows or withers to the cultivated crop, so that the growth of the cultivated crop after the transplant proceeds smoothly. In addition, since the fertilizer applied to the field only needs to be applied to grow the crop to be cultivated, there is no waste of fertilizer. In addition, the growing posture of the cultivated crop is not disturbed by the growth of the plant.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view (a) and a front view (b) showing a seedling raising tray.

FIG. 2 is a plan view (a) and a side sectional view (b) showing cells of a seedling raising tray.

FIG. 3 is a lateral cross-sectional view showing a state of seeding cells.

FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing a state of raising seedlings in a cell.

FIG. 5 is a lateral sectional view showing a state of raising seedlings under different seeding conditions.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing a state of raising seedlings according to another embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a side sectional view showing a state of raising seedlings according to another embodiment.

8 is a side sectional view showing a transplanted state of the cell-molded seedling of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 N: For cell molding seedlings A: Crop to be cultivated B: Plant different from the plant to be cultivated 1: Nursery tray 2: Cell 4: Seeds of the plant to be cultivated 5: Seed of a plant different from the plant to be cultivated

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshikatsu Aoki No. 1 Hachikura, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Prefecture, Technical Department, Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Norihiro Yano No. 1 Yakura, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Prefecture Izeki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. In-house (72) Inventor Masahiro Takemoto 1 Yakura, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kaju Ishiyama 1 Yakura, Toyo-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kubo Tamaki No. 1 Yakura, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Pref.Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masami Murami, No. 1 Yakura, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Pref.Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroshi Suzuki Iyo, Ehime 1 Yakura, Tobe Town, Gunma Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A seedling of a crop to be cultivated and seeds of a plant different from the crop are sown in the same cell by using a seedling raising tray for cell-shaped seedlings so that the seedling of the crop and the seedling of the plant are both seeded. A cultivation method in which seedlings are grown so as to grow, and then the cell-molded seedlings are taken out of the cells and transplanted to a field, and after the transplantation, the plant is grown so as to hardly grow or die without using a chemical such as a herbicide.