JPH0910177A - Optometric apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To achieve an inspection easily and efficiently by arranging a means to input an objective value or an anterior ocular mirror data and a means to alter an inspection item program based on the data. CONSTITUTION: After the end of inspection for checking an objective visual acuity, a projection type target presenting device 4 judges whether an astigmatic diopter of an objective value data selected is below a specified reference value or not. When CYL=0, steps of an R/G inspection for inspecting astigmatism, an inspection for detecting astigmatic axis and an inspection for detecting astigmatic diopter are omitted and an R/G inspection is started to prevent excessive correction. When astigmatism exceeding a specified value exists in the objective value data, the R/G inspection for inspecting astigmatism is started. A device 4 applies a spherical diopter of +0.50D to an initial value of a subjective type refractivity inspecting device 2 to fog and a red green target is presented. A controller 5 having various switch blocks for switching input or measuring mode enters a mode allowing the altering of the spherical diopter. The device 4 advances the program to the inspection for detecting astigmatic axis when the CYL value of the objective value exceeds 0.50D or to the inspection for detecting astigmatic diopter when the CYK=0.25D.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus for subjectively examining the visual function of an eye to be examined.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an examination for prescribing spectacle lenses or contact lenses, a subjective refractive power measuring device and a visual target presenting device for switching a correction optical system are used, and an eye to be examined is examined through the correction optical system. Have the target observe. The prescription value is obtained by obtaining the response of the subject and changing the test target and the correction optical system. By the way, in order to precisely measure the spherical power, astigmatic power, axis of astigmatism and the like of the eye to be inspected, various optotypes, corrective optical systems and the like must be switched independently or in conjunction with each other. In addition, the test items for obtaining the complete correction value of the eye to be inspected are generally the red green test, the astigmatic axis detection test, the astigmatic dioptric power detection test, and the red green color for preventing overcorrection that are performed before the astigmatism test. -There are inspections, visual acuity tests, etc.
In order to perform an appropriate operation according to these examination items, knowledge of the optometry and familiarity with the operation are required. Therefore, in recent years, there has been proposed an optometry apparatus that allows an inexperienced examiner to easily perform an examination by associating a predetermined examination procedure with the operation of the apparatus and programming them.

[0003]

However, in the examination for prescribing spectacles or the like, the astigmatic axis detection examination or the like may be wasted depending on the degree of the astigmatism state of the eye to be examined, and according to the program of the predetermined optometry procedure. There has been a problem that performing all the inspection items is not always an efficient optometry. In view of the above problems, it is a technical object of the present invention to provide an optometry apparatus that allows easy and efficient examination.

[0004]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration. (1) A subjective refractive power measuring device for inspecting the refractive power of an eye to be inspected by a correction optical system, and an optotype presenting device for presenting an optotype.
In an optometry apparatus that includes the optotype presenting apparatus and a control unit that controls the subjective refractive power measuring apparatus to execute a plurality of test items according to a predetermined program procedure, objectively measuring the refractive power of the eye to be examined. And input means for inputting measurement data by a lens meter, and program changing means for changing the programmed inspection item based on the input measurement data. .

(2) The program changing means of (1) is
It is characterized in that the procedure of the astigmatism inspection is changed according to the astigmatic power of the input measurement data.

(3) The program changing means of (2) is
It has a comparison means for comparing the input astigmatism power with a predetermined reference power, and has a command means for instructing to omit at least a part of the astigmatism inspection when the astigmatism power is less than a predetermined value. .

(4) The comparing means of (3) is the first and the second.
It is characterized by having a reference frequency of.

(5) The program changing means of (3) is
Furthermore, it is characterized in that a command is given to perform a different astigmatism examination instead of the omitted examination.

(6) In the optometry apparatus according to (5), the different astigmatism test performed in place of the omitted test is an astigmatism confirmation test using a radiation target.

(7) The optometry apparatus according to (1) is characterized by having a program input means for programming the examination contents and the examination progress procedure.

[0011]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external view showing the entire configuration of the optometry apparatus according to the embodiment. Reference numeral 1 denotes an optometry table arranged between examinees. Reference numeral 2 denotes a subjective-type refractive power measuring device, and the subjective-type refractive power measuring device 2 electrically switches and arranges various optical elements on the optometry window 11. Reference numeral 3 denotes an objective eye refractive power measuring device which measures a refractive index by projecting a measurement index on the fundus of the eye to be examined and detecting a projected index image of the fundus by a light receiving means. The objective eye-refractive-power measuring device 3 is mounted on a movable tray that can slide on the optometry table 1, and is moved to the central position of the optometry table 1 to perform the measurement. Reference numeral 4 is a projection-type optotype presenting apparatus for presenting an examination optotype. Reference numeral 5 is a controller for operating the subjective refractive power measuring device 2 and the projection optotype presenting device 4, and 6 is a relay unit for relaying communication between the respective devices.

FIG. 2 is a view of the controller 5 as viewed from above. Reference numeral 30 is a display for displaying optometry information, and a dot matrix screen is used on the display 30 so that various information can be switched and displayed. 31 is a switch unit, and the switch unit 31 has a display 30.
Menu switch 32 for switching the display screen of the menu screen to the menu screen, and moving the cursor displayed on the display screen 2
One cursor movement switch 33, execution switch 34, auxiliary lens switch group 35 for driving the optical system of the subjective refractive power tester 2, measurement mode changeover switch group 36, measurement eye designating switch group 37, for inputting numerical values. An input switch group 38 having switches and knob switches to be used, a shift switch 39 used in combination with other switches, an optotype switch group 40 for driving the optotype presenting apparatus 4, a start switch 41a for executing a programmed optometry. A program execution switch group 41 having a program feed switch 41b and the like,
A function switch group 42 corresponding to information displayed at a predetermined position below the screen of the display 30 and a switch group 43 for masking an optotype are arranged.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining control of the apparatus. The switch signal from the switch unit 31 of the controller 5 is input to the microcomputer 50 after a predetermined process. The micro computer circuit 50 has a memory 51 storing an optometry program or the like.
And a memory 52 for storing objective value data and the like are connected. The micro computer circuit 50 converts the switch signal into various data and controls the screen of the display 30 via the display circuit 53. To do. Further, the micro computer circuit 50 sends a signal related to the refractive power to the subjective refractive power inspection device 2 and a signal related to the optotype to the optotype presenting device 4 via the micro computer circuit 55 of the relay unit 6. send. The micro computer circuit 60 of the subjective refractive power inspection device 2 drives the motor 62 via the drive circuit 61,
The weak spherical disk 63, the strong spherical disk 64, the auxiliary lens disk 65, the cross cylinder-disk 66, etc. are rotated and a predetermined optical element is arranged in the inspection window.

The micro-computer circuit 70 of the optotype presenting device 4 turns on a lamp 72 via a drive circuit 71 and drives a motor 74 via a drive circuit 73, so that the optotype on which the optotype is drawn is drawn. The target disc 75 and the mask disc 76 are rotated to project a predetermined test target onto a screen (not shown) placed in front of the eye to be inspected. Microcomputer circuit 5
An objective eye refractive power measuring device 3 and a lens meter 9 are connected to the device 5, and the sent measurement data is stored in the memory 56.
Microcomputer circuit 5 by read command signal
5 reads the designated measurement data from the memory 56,
The data is transferred to the controller 5 side. 57 is a printer for outputting the measurement result, and 58 is its drive circuit.

The operation of the apparatus having the above configuration will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Here, the description will focus on the examination up to the determination of the complete correction value for one eye in the programmed optometry. When starting the examination, the examiner sets an optometry flow as necessary and inputs an optometry program. The optometry program is input by operating the switch unit 31 while looking at the display 30. The menu switch 32 is pressed to display a menu item screen (not shown) on the display 30, and then the cursor movement switch 33 and the execution switch are operated to open a set screen (not shown). Select various desired setting items displayed on the set screen with the switch 33 etc.,
Press the execution switch to complete the input.

After performing the objective test and the inquiry by the objective type eye refractive power measuring device 3, the programmed eye examination is started by pushing the start switch 41a. The program optometry starts from the naked eye visual acuity test, but the feed switch 41b
By pressing, the procedure proceeds to the anterior spectacle visual acuity test (when the spectacles are held), the subjective test, and the prescription value determination. The objective value data of SPH (spherical power), CYL (astigmatic power), and AXIS (axis of astigmatism) of the left and right eyes by the objective eye refractive power measuring device 3 are obtained by the objective eye refractive power measuring device 3. When the print switch is pressed, it is transferred to the memory 56 of the relay unit 6, and further transferred to the objective value memory area of the memory 52 by the input switch and the objective value switch of the controller 5. Further, the micro computer circuit 50 copies the objective value data to the subjective value memory area of the memory 52, and displays the objective value data on the display 30 through the display circuit 53 ( (Not shown). The objective value data may be manually input by operating the measurement mode changeover switch group 36 and the input switch group 38, in addition to the data transfer by communication.

The examiner starts an optometry program to perform an unaided visual acuity test. The display screen of the display 30 is switched to the naked eye measurement mode, and the naked eye visual acuity value can be input.
The optotype presenting device 4 presents an examination optotype having a predetermined visual acuity value, and the examiner obtains a response from the examinee to change the presenting optotype with the optotype mask switch of the switch group 43 to examine the examinee. Obtain the naked eye visual acuity value of and input it. When the feed switch 41b is pressed after completion of the naked eye visual acuity test, a message for confirming the presence or absence of glasses and a switch operation instruction of the function switch group 42 depending on the presence or absence of glasses are displayed on the display screen. According to this instruction, when the function switch with glasses is pressed, the mode switches to the glasses measurement mode for performing the eyeglasses visual acuity test (when there is no glasses, the subjective test is performed).

When performing a visual acuity test, spectacle data is input. The eyeglass data is the same as the objective value data
It is stored in the memory 56 by data transfer from the data 9 and is further stored in the front glasses memory area of the memory 52 by pressing the input switch and the front glasses switch (similar to the objective value data, data by communication). In addition to the data transfer, the measurement mode changeover switch group 36 may be manually input by operating the input switch group 38). In the visual acuity test of spectacles, the test target is presented to the eye to be inspected similarly to the naked eye visual acuity test, the visual acuity value is obtained by operating the switch group 43 based on the response of the subject, and the value is input.

Subsequently, the subjective examination is started. This device determines whether the initial value of the optical system of the subjective refractive power measuring device 2 at the start of the subjective test corresponds to the objective value data or the anterior spectacle value data. It can be selected in advance on the set screen. The following is a description of when the objective value data is selected. First, an objective correction value confirmation test is performed to confirm whether the objective value data is appropriate. The examiner arranges the subjective-type refractive power test device 2 in front of the subject's eye, and designates the examined eye to perform the examination.
The objective value data copied to the subjective value memory area is read out, and the objective refractive power inspection device 2 is operated to obtain the objective value data.
The optical element corresponding to the target is adjusted so as to be arranged in the inspection window, and the optotype presenting apparatus 4 is operated to present a predetermined examination optotype to the subject. Also, the display screen of the display 30 is switched to the subjective measurement mode.

FIG. 5 shows a display example at this time. Data obtained by copying the objective value data is displayed on the central display portion 80, and it is shown that the light and dark reversed display portion can be changed. Objective value data is displayed on the left and right display portions 81, and a message such as the type of optotype currently presented and an explanation of operation is displayed on the lower display portion 82. In the objective correction value confirmation test, if the presented target can be read, the objective value data is highly reliable, and it is judged that there is no visual function abnormality such as amblyopia in the subject's eye. Proceed to the decision step.

The test for determining the complete correction value is generally an R / G (red green) test performed before the astigmatism test,
Astigmatism axis detection test, astigmatism diopter detection test, R / G test to prevent overcorrection to obtain the maximum visual acuity, visual acuity test, and determination of complete correction value for one eye. −
It has a program that changes the optometry flow based on the CYL value of the data (or the CYL value of the spectacle data may be used) (see FIG. 6). When the feed switch is pressed after the objective visual acuity confirmation test is completed, the apparatus determines whether the astigmatic power of the objective value data is less than or equal to a predetermined reference value. In this embodiment, the measurement step is 0.25D unit and CY.
When L = 0, the steps of R / G inspection for astigmatism inspection, astigmatism axis detection inspection and astigmatism power detection inspection are omitted,
Move to R / G inspection to prevent overcorrection. This is because if there is no astigmatism in the objective value data, almost no astigmatism is confirmed even in the subjective test.

When the objective value data has astigmatism of a predetermined amount or more, the R / G inspection for the astigmatism inspection is started. The device applies a sphere power of + 0.50D to the initial value of the subjective dioptric power testing device 2 in order to remove the intervention of adjustment, and applies a cloud. In the R / G inspection step, the optotype presenting device 4 is red.
The green target is presented, and the controller 5 becomes a mode in which the spherical power can be changed. The examiner operates the input switch group 38 based on the response of the examinee to adjust the spherical power, and if the characters in red and green are at the same level or not at the same level, the green side can be seen slightly better. Thus, the circle of least confusion can be located near the retina. CY of objective value data
<A> depending on whether the L value is 0.50D or more or 0.25D
Or proceed to <B>.

<A> After completion of the R / G examination for the astigmatism examination, when the CYL value of the objective value data is 0.50D or more, the astigmatism axis detection examination and the astigmatism power detection examination proceed in this order. In the astigmatic axis detection inspection, the optotype presenting apparatus 4 presents a point cloud optotype, and the controller 5 is in a mode in which the astigmatic axis can be changed. In the subjective-type refractive power inspection device 2, a cross cylinder lens is set with an inversion axis based on objective value data. The examiner inverts the cross cylinder lens by operating the input switch group 38, moves the inversion axis until it looks almost uniform before and after the inversion, and measures the accurate astigmatic axis. When the astigmatic axis is obtained, the feed switch is pushed to start the astigmatic power inspection. The controller 5 is switched to a mode in which the astigmatic power can be changed, and a cross cylinder lens is set in the subjective refractive power inspection device 2 based on the measured astigmatic axis. The examiner increases or decreases the astigmatic power depending on how the target looks before or after the cross cylinder lens is inverted, and obtains the astigmatic power. In addition, in the reverse comparison by the cross cylinder lens, the same frequency may be returned again, and if this is repeated, it becomes a magnificent cycle,
When the device returns to the same power again, the weak power of the astigmatic power is used as the determined power and a message prompting the user to proceed to the next inspection step is displayed.

When the feed switch is pressed after the completion of the astigmatic power inspection, the apparatus compares the determined astigmatic power with that of the objective value data. When the power fluctuation of both is 0.25D or less, the values obtained by the subjective test are determined as the astigmatic axis and the astigmatic power, and the program is advanced to the R / G test for preventing overcorrection. When the power fluctuation is 0.50 D or more, the astigmatic axis detection inspection is performed again. This is because a large dioptric power change in which the astigmatic dioptric power changes in two or more steps increases the possibility of changing the axis. If there is no change in the astigmatism axis value previously obtained by the astigmatism axis detection test, the value obtained in the subjective test is determined as the astigmatism frequency and axis, and the program is advanced to the R / G test. Return to the frequency check step.

<B> When CYL = 0.25D,
Before performing the astigmatic axis detection inspection, an inspection step for detecting the astigmatic degree is first performed. This is because there is a possibility that it becomes 0 at the time of the detection test of the astigmatism, and when the astigmatism degree is 0, the inspection of the astigmatism axis is also unnecessary. If the degree of astigmatism becomes 0, the axis inspection becomes useless.) As a result of this inspection, if CYL = 0, no axis detection inspection is necessary, so detection of the astigmatic axis is omitted by pressing the feed switch (assuming AXIS = 0), and R / G for obtaining the maximum visual acuity is obtained. Move on to inspection. CYL value is 0.25
When D or more, the astigmatic axis is continuously examined, and the astigmatic power,
Determine the axis.

As described above, the optometry program of this apparatus uses the CYL value of objective value data (or eyeglass value data), AXIS.
Depending on the content of the value, the inspection steps for astigmatic power detection and axis detection can be omitted or the order can be changed, so the examiner can shorten the inspection time and proceed with the eye examination efficiently without performing unnecessary inspection items. it can. Moreover, the switch operation for omitting or changing the inspection can be minimized. In the above optometry program, there is no astigmatism of objective value data (CY
When L = 0, the R / G test, the astigmatism axis detection test, and the astigmatism test of the astigmatism power detection test are omitted. However, even when the CYL value of the objective value data is small (0.25D or The examination may be simplified by setting the astigmatic power to 0. Further, when CYL = 0.50D or less, equivalent spherical surface processing may be performed in which half the astigmatic power is added to the spherical power. Whether or not to adopt the optometry program that omits these astigmatism examinations depends on the optometry policy of the examiner, the purpose of the optometry, etc., and therefore is selected on the set screen for performing various settings before starting the optometry.

When the astigmatic power and the axis can be determined, the R / G test is performed to prevent overcorrection. The examiner reconfirms the spherical power and then performs a visual acuity test. As the optotype, an optotype having a visual acuity value of about 1.0 is presented. When the maximum visual acuity is determined, the examiner adjusts the spherical power, sets the power to the maximum visual acuity at the most positive value, and determines the one-eye perfect correction value. After the complete correction value of one eye is determined, the other eye is designated, and the complete correction value is similarly obtained according to the optometry program of the apparatus. The examiner then performs subjective tests such as a binocular balance test, a stereoscopic vision confirmation test, a binocular visual acuity test, and a near vision addition test according to the inspection program to determine a prescription value.

In the above embodiment, when the astigmatic power of the objective value data is less than the predetermined value, the astigmatism inspection by the cross cylinder lens is omitted, but the astigmatism inspection by the cross cylinder lens is omitted. Alternatively, an astigmatism confirmation test using a radiation target can be performed. Whether or not to perform this examination is selected in advance on the set screen before the optometry start. In the inspection step of the astigmatism confirmation test using the radiation target, the target presenting device presents the radiation target, and the subjective-type refractive power test device 2 causes the visual acuity of the eye to be examined to be about 0.5 with respect to the objective value data. A cloud of spherical power is applied so that. An example of the amount of fog for making the visual acuity around 0.5 is shown below. + When the spherical power of the objective value data is 0 to -5.00D
+ For 1.50D, -5.25D to -9.00D
When it is 1.25D or -9.25D or more, it is + 1.00D.

FIG. 7 shows a display screen at the time of the astigmatism confirmation inspection by the radiation target, and the lower display portion 82 displays the symbol of the radiation target with numbers and the function switch group 4
Instructions for inputting 3 are displayed. The examiner asks the subject if there is a clearly visible line, and if so, in which direction, presses the function switch corresponding to the response. The device adds a minimum step power (for example, -0.25D) to the optical system of the optometry window by the switch signal, and sets the astigmatic axis in the direction obtained from the response. Central display 8
At 0, the value of astigmatism added to the subject's eye is displayed. This operation is repeated until the subject can see the radiographic targets to the same degree. Various modifications can be made to those skilled in the art by those skilled in the art, and the present invention includes such modifications within the scope of making the technical idea the same.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention,
By omitting some inspection items or changing their order based on objective value data and front eyeglasses data, the examiner shortens the inspection time without performing unnecessary inspection items. The optometry can be advanced efficiently. This can reduce the burden on the subject.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view showing the overall configuration of an optometry apparatus that is an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a view of the controller as viewed from above.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining control of the device.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart for explaining the programmed optometry of this apparatus.
It is a chart.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a display screen at the time of an objective correction value confirmation test.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an optometry flow in an astigmatism examination.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a display screen at the time of an astigmatism confirmation test using a radiation target.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Subjective refractive power measuring device 2 4 Projection type optotype presenting device 4 3 Objective type eye refractive power measuring device 9 Lens meter 36 Measurement mode changeover switch group 50, 60, 70 Micro computer circuit 51, 52 memory

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A subjective refractive power measuring device for inspecting the refractive power of an eye to be inspected by a correction optical system, an optotype presenting device for presenting an optotype, and a plurality of inspecting items for executing a plurality of inspection items by a predetermined program procedure. In an optometry apparatus including an optotype presenting apparatus and a control means for controlling the subjective refractive power measuring apparatus, an apparatus or a lens unit for objectively measuring the refractive power of an eye to be examined.
An optometry apparatus comprising: input means for inputting measurement data by data; and program changing means for changing the programmed inspection item based on the input measurement data. 2. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the program changing means changes the astigmatism inspection procedure according to the astigmatism degree of the input measurement data. 3. The program changing means according to claim 2 has a comparing means for comparing the input astigmatism power with a predetermined reference power, and when the astigmatism power is less than a predetermined value, at least a part of the astigmatism inspection is performed. An optometry apparatus having a command unit for commanding omission. 4. The optometry apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the comparing means has first and second reference dioptric powers. 5. The optometry apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a command to perform a different astigmatism test instead of the omitted test. 6. The optometry apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the different astigmatism examination performed in place of the omitted examination is an astigmatism confirmation examination using a radiation target. 7. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a program input means for programming examination contents and examination progress procedure.