JPH09113452A - Paddy rice quality discriminating device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Structure] Each grain of rice is irradiated with an electromagnetic wave including a wavelength range absorbed by chlorophyll on the surface of the paddy rice and a reference wavelength range not absorbed by chlorophyll, and is reflected by the chlorophyll reflected from the paddy rice. Only the wavelength range absorbed is passed through the chlorophyll absorption band filter 5 to be converted into a voltage value, and the reference wavelength not absorbed by the chlorophyll is converted into a voltage value without being passed through the chlorophyll absorption band filter 5. An apparatus for discriminating rice varieties that discriminates between sized rice and immature rice by comparing the values. [Effect] It is possible to discriminate between sized rice and immature rice from paddy rice while simplifying the configuration.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is to detect whether the chlorophyll content on the surface of paddy rice is large or small to determine whether the grain size of brown rice in the paddy rice is classified as immature rice or not.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In detecting the water content of paddy, the paddy rice is crushed by a pair of rotating electrode rollers, the water content of each grain is measured, and the detection voltage value is extremely high like blue rice. Alternatively, the average water content value is calculated from a predetermined number of grains by excluding extremely low grains such as pomegranate grains from the effective data.

[0003]

In the conventional device, it is not possible to judge whether the inner grains are sized or immature rice in the state of unhulled rice, and therefore, it is possible to determine a predetermined range from the moisture content detected for each grain. It excludes external ones, and it is not accurate to distinguish between sized rice and immature rice, and there is a problem that the detection accuracy of green rice and brown rice is reduced especially when the water content is high.

Therefore, the present invention is intended to discriminate between sized and immature grains in the state of unhulled rice by utilizing the content of chlorophyll on the surface of the unhulled rice. That is, considering the content of chlorophyll on the surface of the paddy rice, in the case of sized rice grain, the chlorophyll content on the surface of the paddy rice gradually decreases as ripening progresses, but most of it disappears at harvest, In the case of defective grains such as unripe rice and dead rice, the growth of brown rice stops during ripening, and it is based on the knowledge that chlorophyll remains on the surface of paddy rice according to the degree of ripening. The purpose is to accurately judge whether rice is sized or unripe rice as it is.

[0005]

The present invention has taken the following technical means in order to solve the problems of the prior art. That is, the present invention provides a light source 3 for irradiating moving rice with an electromagnetic wave in a wavelength range absorbed by chlorophyll on the surface of the rice, and a reflected light or a transmitted light of the electromagnetic wave applied to the single rice. Filter 5 for the chlorophyll absorption band that passes only the wavelength range absorbed by chlorophyll, and light that converts the voltage into large and small voltage depending on the wavelength range absorbed by the chlorophyll that has passed through the chlorophyll absorption band filter 5 / Voltage converting element, and a paddy rice discriminating means for comparing the magnitude of the voltage value converted by the light / voltage converting element to discriminate between sized and unripe paddy rice. It is configured.

[0006]

[Function] The grain of rice that is moving one by one is irradiated with the electromagnetic wave in the wavelength range absorbed by the chlorophyll on the surface of the paddy rice from the light source 3, and the reflected light or the transmission of the electromagnetic wave in the wavelength range absorbed by the chlorophyll irradiated on the paddy rice. The light passes through the chlorophyll absorption band filter 5 and is converted into a large / small voltage value by the light / voltage conversion element based on the amount of the light quantity, and based on a predetermined threshold value from the converted large / small voltage value. , It is distinguished between sized rice and unripe rice.

[0007]

EXAMPLE First, the example shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
The present invention is intended to determine whether the grain size of the unpolished rice or the immature rice is based on the amount of chlorophyll on the surface of the unpolished rice. 100 grains of sized rice grain (the surface of brown rice is covered with rice husks), green rice grain, dead rice grain, and discolored rice grain are placed in the measuring plate (not shown). When it was placed on its surface and imaged with a color, a yellow rice husk or a color image in which the surface of the yellow rice husk was slightly discolored to black was obtained.

Then, with the same paddy rice as above placed on the measuring plate, it is absorbed by chlorophyll, for example, 68.
When an absorption image of chlorophyll was taken through a filter that absorbs an electromagnetic wave of 0 nm, paddy rice with a high degree of absorption by chlorophyll was black, and rice with a low degree of absorption was milky white. Next, the rice husks were peeled off from the imaged paddy rice, and sized brown rice, green rice, and dead rice were taken out, and these were placed on the measuring plate in the same position as the placing position of the above-mentioned paddy rice, and color images were taken.
Then, it was experimentally confirmed that the parts imaged in black above were immature rice such as blue rice and dead rice, and the grains that were mostly absorbed by chlorophyll were immature rice such as blue rice and dead rice. did.

Then, an electromagnetic wave of, for example, 680 nm that is absorbed by the chlorophyll is irradiated from a light source,
When the amount of reflected light was detected by brightness, it was distributed in the range of brightness 120 to 160 as shown in the graph of FIG. Therefore, from the distribution state of the data, for example, when the brightness 140 is used as a discriminant value to discriminate between the sized rice grain and the unripe rice grain, the sized rice grain is erroneously determined as the unripe rice grain. From the results of 8 cases and 2 cases of misjudging unripe rice as unsized rice, it is possible to distinguish between unsized rice and unsized rice in the unhulled state with an accuracy of 90%. You can

[0010] Therefore, each grain of paddy rice is irradiated with electromagnetic waves in the wavelength range absorbed by chlorophyll from the light source, the amount of light absorbed or reflected by the chlorophyll on the surface of the paddy rice is detected, and this amount of light is converted into a voltage value. By partitioning with a predetermined threshold value, it is possible to discriminate between sized and unripe rice.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 will be described. The downflow guide 1 has a configuration in which sample grains of unhulled rice flow down one by one. In addition, a paddy rice detection sensor 11 including a light emitting element 11a and a light receiving element 11b is provided on the paddy rice passage surface of the downflow guide 1, and when a passing peak of the paddy rice is detected, a control unit (not shown) is provided. This is the configuration to be input. The detection circuit of the paddy rice detection sensor 11 and the peak detection in the passage of the paddy rice will be described. The detection voltage value from the paddy rice detection sensor 11 is amplified by the amplification circuit 12, and then the comparison circuit 15 is passed through the primary differentiation circuit 13 and the secondary differentiation circuit 14.
Is input to Then, the reference voltage value from the reference voltage generator 16 is compared with the detected peak voltage value, and the measurement start signal is input to the control unit (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 2 (2), the detected voltage value is amplified and displayed in a graph. Then, as shown in FIG. 2 (3), it is first-order differentiated, and then as shown in FIG. 2 (4). ,
It is secondarily differentiated and compared with a reference voltage value for generating a measurement start signal, and as shown in FIG. 2 (5), a measurement signal is output and measurement of the amount of chlorophyll is started. The light source chamber 2a of the detection box 2 is provided with, for example, a light source 3 of a tungsten lamp, and the light source 3 is associated with the peak detection of the passage of the paddy rice in the paddy rice detection sensor 11.
The electromagnetic waves of electromagnetic waves (for example, 670 nm) and other reference wavelengths (for example, 950 nm) that are absorbed by chlorophyll remaining on the surface of the paddy rice are radiated through the glass 4 to the paddy rice of the downflow guide 1.

Then, of the reflected light from the paddy rice, the wavelength absorbed by chlorophyll passes through the glass 4 and the detection chamber 2
b, passing through the chlorophyll absorption band filter 5,
The quantity of light is detected by the photodiode 6 for detecting chlorophyll at the upper side, then converted into a voltage value by a light / voltage conversion element (not shown), and sent to a control unit (not shown) incorporated in the CPU. The reference wavelength that is not absorbed by the chlorophyll on the surface of the paddy rice is refracted by the chlorophyll absorption band filter 5, and the light quantity is detected by the reference wavelength detecting photodiode 7 on the lateral side, and then by the light / voltage conversion element. It is configured to be converted into a voltage value and input to the control unit.

Then, the detected voltage value of the chlorophyll absorption wavelength is compared with the detected voltage value of the reference wavelength which is not absorbed by chlorophyll, and when the detected voltage value of the chlorophyll absorption wavelength is smaller than the reference wavelength by a predetermined ratio or a predetermined amount, immature It is judged to be paddy rice. The voltage value detected from the chlorophyll absorption wavelength may be divided into predetermined threshold values for determination.

With the above-mentioned structure, the light transmittance of dust on the surface of the paddy rice changes substantially at both the chlorophyll absorption wavelength and the reference wavelength, and the influence of dust is small, and the separation of both wavelengths is single. This can be performed by the chlorophyll absorption band filter 5, and the configuration can be simplified.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 will be described. The downflow guide 1, the detection box 2, the light source chamber 2a of the detection box 2 and the detection chamber 2b of the detection box 2 are the second
The configuration is similar to that of the illustrated embodiment. In the light source chamber 2a, the chlorophyll absorption wavelength LE that irradiates the sample particles
A D8 and a reference wavelength LED 9 are provided. When the pass-through peak of the paddy rice is detected by the paddy-rice detecting sensor 11 of the downflow guide 1, the chlorophyll absorption wavelength LED 8 is first turned on, and the reflected light amount of the paddy rice is converted into a photodiode for the chlorophyll absorption wavelength and the reference wavelength. The light amount is detected by the do 10,
It is converted into a voltage value by the light / voltage conversion element and input to the control unit (not shown).

Then, after shifting a predetermined timing,
The reference wavelength LED 9 is turned on, the amount of reflected light is detected by the photodiode 10, and similarly converted into a voltage value, which is input to the control unit. Then, the two detection voltage values are compared, and when the detection voltage value of the wavelength for chlorophyll absorption is smaller than the reference wavelength by a predetermined ratio or by a predetermined amount, it is determined that the rice is unripe rice. judge.

[0018]

As described above, the present invention converts the reflected light amount or transmitted light amount of the electromagnetic wave in the wavelength range absorbed by the chlorophyll of the surface of the paddy rice from the light source 3 into a voltage value and compares it with a reference value. It is possible to distinguish between sized rice and immature rice, and to classify sized rice and immature rice from rice without crushing the rice.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing a detected voltage value

FIG. 2 is a cut side view, a graph showing a detection processing state, and a block diagram.

FIG. 3 is a cut side view and a flow chart.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Downflow Guide 2 Detection Box 2a Light Source Chamber 2b Detection Chamber 3 Light Source 4 Glass 5 Chlorophyll Absorption Band Filter 6 Chlorophyll Detection Photodiode 7 Reference Wavelength Detection Photodiode 8 Chlorophyll Absorption Wavelength LED 9 Reference Wavelength LED 10 Photodiode 11 Paddy Rice Detection Sensor 12 Amplification Circuit 13 Primary Differentiation Circuit 14 Secondary Differentiation Circuit 15 Comparison Circuit 16 Reference Voltage Generator

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A light source 3 for irradiating moving rice with an electromagnetic wave in a wavelength range absorbed by chlorophyll on the surface of the paddy rice, and a reflected light or a transmitted light irradiated on a single paddy rice of the electromagnetic wave. A chlorophyll absorption band filter 5 that passes only the wavelength range absorbed by chlorophyll, and light that converts the voltage into large and small voltage depending on the wavelength range absorbed by chlorophyll that has passed through the chlorophyll absorption band filter 5 A quality evaluation device for hulled rice, comprising a voltage conversion element and a hulled rice determination means for comparing the magnitude of the voltage value converted by the light / voltage conversion element to discriminate between grain-sized and unripe rice.