JPH09141012A - Separation and separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to facilitate washing and to deal with diversified objects to be separated with one separating material by forming the separating means provided with spacings adjustable by spacing forming members between respectively two plates adjacent to each other of the separating material constituted by laminating the plural plates. SOLUTION: The sepn. of the objects S to be separated is executed by both of a main separating cylinder 4A and auxiliary separating cylinder 4B constituting the separating means 4. At this time, the spacings are respective formed by the specing forming members between respective two plates 18 adjacent to each other constituting the separating materials 19, 19Aa, 19Ab of the main separating cylinder 4A and the separating materials 36 of the auxiliary separating cylinder 4B for separating the objects S to be separated and are respectively independently adjusted by the spacing adjusting means. As a result, the disassembling and washing of the separating materials are easily executed and, further, the dealing with the objects to be separated which have diversified characteristics such as kinds and sizes of the constituting solids by one separating material is made possible.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention separates a substance to be separated composed of a solid and a solid or a mixture of a solid and a liquid into a solid and a solid having different particle sizes called classification, and a solid called dehydration. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a separation method and a separation device capable of separating a liquid content into a liquid content.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, solid waste is removed from domestic wastewater such as human waste treatment plant, sewage treatment plant, machine factory, chemical factory, food factory or various industrial wastewater, and chips are removed from cutting fluid of machine tools. For example, when removing solids such as shells and stones from sludge caused by dredging such as the sea, rivers and lakes, or when classifying wheat and the like into predetermined sizes at beer factories and flour mills, etc. Separation of solids or solids or mixtures of solids and liquids into solids and solids with different particle sizes, dehydration of liquids from solids, or removal of solids from liquids Various separation devices that can be used are used.

The conventional separator will be described by exemplifying a dehydrator called a screw press capable of dehydrating a liquid component from a solid (solid-liquid separation). A separation cylinder (filtration cylinder or dehydration cylinder) as a separation means having a separation material (filter material) having a cylindrical sieve surface made of punching metal or the like having a large number of through holes of appropriate size, and this separation An appropriate spiral conveyor as a transfer means is disposed inside the cylinder, and the separated object supplied inside the separation cylinder is gradually continuously transferred in the axial direction inside the separation cylinder with the spiral conveyor. Of the liquid by decompressing (separating) the liquid component from the object to be separated with the sieve surface of the separation material that constitutes the separation cylinder, and the liquid liquid. Adapted for separating (solid-liquid separation) in and.

[0004]

However, in the above-described conventional dehydrator, it is not possible to prevent clogging of the sieve surface of the separating material, and when cleaning the separating material, a cylindrical shape is formed by punching metal or the like. Since the separation material formed in the above is fixed, the workability is poor, and in particular, there is a problem that a large amount of labor and time are required for cleaning the portion located on the discharge side where high pressure is applied to the object to be separated. .

Further, in the conventional dehydrator, the liquid content is dehydrated from the substance to be separated supplied into the separation cylinder by the sieve surface of the separation material formed into a cylindrical shape by punching metal or the like, and a solid lump is formed. Although it can be separated into liquid and liquid, if the size of the pores on the sieve surface of the separation material is fixed and the size of the solid contained in the substance to be separated fluctuates, or during the day In the case of dehydration of different substances to be separated in the afternoon and afternoon, or when dehydrating different substances to be separated depending on the season, it is necessary to replace the separation material with a separation material having a different sieve mesh (mesh). It takes a lot of labor and time and cannot be easily replaced, and at the time of replacement of the separation material, the operation of the separation device must be stopped for a long time. Exchange of separation material It is almost impossible, and in such a case, there is a problem that it is necessary to use a plurality of dehydrators having separating materials having different sieve openings (mesh) on the sieve surface or to sacrifice the separating performance. there were.

Furthermore, it is impossible to prepare a large number of test machines (dehydrators) in advance when a customer performs a dehydrator demonstration or performance test, etc. because of heavy storage space and economical burden. Therefore, there is no choice but to perform a demonstration or performance test on an unspecified number of types of objects to be separated with a limited number of dehydrators, usually one dehydrator. Since it cannot be easily replaced, it is difficult to make the separation target and the separation material of the tester correspond to the optimum state.
There was a problem that the original performance of the dehydrator could not be fully exerted.

The present invention is intended to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a separation method capable of facilitating washing and a separation apparatus to which this separation method is applied. A second object of the present invention is to provide a separation method capable of dealing with a wide variety of objects to be separated with one separation material, and a separation device to which this separation method is applied.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the feature of the separating method of the present invention as set forth in claim 1 is that the separating member formed by laminating a plurality of plates is adjacent to the separating member. A gap forming member is provided between each two plates to form a separating means having an adjustable gap between each two adjacent plates forming the separating member, and the separating means is provided. The point is to separate a substance to be separated consisting of solid and solid or a mixture of solid and liquid into solid and solid or solid and liquid having different particle diameters with a gap between each two plates of the means.

Further, by disposing a gap forming member between each two adjacent plates of the separating material formed by laminating a plurality of plates, a gap for separating the separated bodies can be easily formed. In addition to being formed, the separation material can be easily decomposed, and the separation material can be easily washed. Furthermore, by making the gap adjustable,
A single separating material can be applied to a wide variety of objects to be separated.

Further, the feature of the separation method of the present invention according to claim 2 is that the separation material formed by stacking a plurality of plates is separated from each other by two adjacent plates. A gap forming member is arranged between the two adjacent plates forming the separating material to form a separating means having an adjustable gap between the two adjacent plates, and the two plates of the separating means are formed. There is a gap between them to separate a substance to be separated consisting of a solid and a solid or a mixture of a solid and a liquid into a solid and a solid having different particle sizes or a solid and a liquid.

Then, by disposing a gap forming member between every two adjacent plates of the separation material formed by laminating a plurality of plates, the separation material is separated. The gap can be easily formed, the separating material can be easily decomposed, and the separating material can be easily washed. Furthermore, by disposing a gap forming member between each two adjacent plates of the separation material formed by stacking a plurality of plates, the degree of freedom of the gap to be formed (gap size The allowable range) can be increased. Also, by making the gap adjustable,
A single separating material can be applied to a wide variety of objects to be separated.

The feature of the separating method of the present invention according to claim 3 is that the plate and the gap forming member constituting the separating material are detachably arranged, and the type of the separated object According to the above, the plate and the gap forming member are attached and detached to change the gap between the two adjacent plates.

By disposing the plate and the gap forming member constituting the separating material in a removable manner, the separating material can be disassembled more easily and the separating material can be washed more easily. Further, the plate and the gap forming member forming the separating material are attached and detached to change the gap, so that one separating material can be applied to a wide variety of objects to be separated. Changing the gap by attaching and detaching the plate and the gap forming member forming the separating material here means increasing or decreasing the number of plates and / or gap forming members according to the type of the separated object, and The plate and / or the gap forming member may be replaced with one having a different thickness depending on the type of the separating body, or the number of the plate and / or the gap forming member may be increased / decreased and / or different depending on the type of the separated body. It can be achieved by replacing it with a sword. Furthermore, the number of plates and / or gap forming members is simply increased / decreased according to the type of the separated object (without replacing all plates and / or gap forming members, the same plate and / or gap forming member). If a part of the gap is reduced or the same plate and / or the gap forming member is added), the gap forming member is made of an elastic material to achieve the gap adjustment without changing the length of the separating material. can do.

Further, a feature of the separating method of the present invention according to claim 4 is that each ring plate and the gap forming member constituting the separating material are arranged so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction, and Fixing plates for fixing the positions of both ends of the separating material are arranged at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the separating material, and fixing plate moving means for moving at least one end in the longitudinal direction of the separating material are arranged. Depending on the type of the object to be separated, the fixing plate moving means moves the fixing plate disposed at at least one end in the longitudinal direction of the separating material to move the fixing plate in the longitudinal direction so that the gap between each of the two plates becomes large. There is a point to change.

By moving the plate and the gap forming member forming the separating material, the cleaning of the separating material can be facilitated. Further, by using the fixed plate moving means, the fixed plate disposed at at least one end in the longitudinal direction of the separating material is moved in the longitudinal direction to change the gap, so that one separating material corresponds to a wide variety of objects to be separated. be able to. To change the gap by moving the fixing plate arranged at least at one end in the longitudinal direction of the separating member by the fixing plate moving means in the longitudinal direction, specifically, means that the gap forming member is made of an elastic body. Formed,
This can be achieved by changing the length of the separating material in the longitudinal direction with the fixed plate moving means and absorbing (following) the change in the length with the elastic force of the gap forming member.

Further, a feature of the separating method of the present invention according to claim 5 is that each ring plate and the gap forming member constituting the separating member are arranged so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction. Fixing plates for fixing the positions of both ends of the separating material are arranged at both ends of the separating material in the longitudinal direction, and at least one movable movable in the longitudinal direction to any position except both ends of the separating material in the longitudinal direction. Plate and movable plate moving means for moving the movable plate independently in the longitudinal direction are arranged, and the movable plate is moved by the movable plate moving means in the longitudinal direction according to the type of the separated object. The distance between the two plates located on both sides in the longitudinal direction is relatively variable with respect to each other.

By moving the plate and the gap forming member forming the separating material, the cleaning of the separating material can be facilitated. Further, by moving the movable plate in the longitudinal direction by the movable plate moving means to change the gap, it is possible to deal with a wide variety of separated objects with one separating material. Here, a fixing plate for fixing the positions of both ends of the separating material is provided at both ends of the separating material in the longitudinal direction, and at least movable in the longitudinal direction to any position except both ends in the longitudinal direction of the separating material. The fact that one movable plate and movable plate moving means for independently moving the movable plate in the longitudinal direction are provided and the movable plate is moved in the longitudinal direction by the movable plate moving means to change the gap is specifically described. Is a gap forming member formed of an elastic body, and the movable plate moving means is used to change the length in the longitudinal direction of each separating material located on both sides in the longitudinal direction via the movable plate. Absorbs (follows) with the elastic force of the member
Can be achieved.

Further, the feature of the separating method of the present invention according to claim 6 is that the separating means is divided in the longitudinal direction to form a plurality of separating portions, and two sheets for each separating portion are provided. The adjustable gaps between the two plates are the same size for each separation part, and the adjustable gaps between the two plates of each separation part are located on the upstream side in the transfer direction of the object to be separated. It is formed so as to become gradually narrower from the downstream side to the downstream side, and the separated body is separated in multiple stages.

By separating the object to be separated in multiple stages, the separation ability of the object to be separated can be improved.

A feature of the separating method of the present invention as set forth in claim 7 is that the object to be separated is forcibly transferred in the longitudinal direction of the separating means.

By forcibly transferring the substance to be separated in the longitudinal direction of the separating means, the separation of the substance to be separated can be facilitated and the efficiency of separation of the substance to be separated can be improved.

Further, the feature of the separating apparatus of the present invention as set forth in claim 8 is that the separating material formed by laminating a plurality of plates and the two plates next to each other are separated from each other. Separation means having a gap forming member between which a gap for separating an object to be separated composed of a solid and a solid or a mixture of a solid and a liquid into a solid and a solid or a solid and a liquid having different particle diameters, and the separation And a gap adjusting means for adjusting a gap between two plates adjacent to each other.

By adopting such a structure, the gap forming member can easily form a gap for separating the separated body between each two adjacent plates. Furthermore, the separating material can be easily disassembled, and the separating material can be easily washed. Furthermore, since the gap adjusting means can adjust the size of the gap (size of the gap) for separating the separated objects, one separating material can be used for a wide variety of separated objects.

Further, the feature of the separating device of the present invention according to claim 9 is that the gap forming member is arranged between each two plates adjacent to the separating material. It is in.

By adopting such a structure, it is possible to easily form a gap for separating the object to be separated between each two adjacent plates.

Further, the feature of the separating apparatus of the present invention according to claim 10 is that the gap forming member is provided between every two plates adjacent to every other separating member. They are at the points where they are arranged.

By adopting such a configuration, the degree of freedom of the gap formed between the two adjacent plates for separating the separation target (gap size allowable range). Can be increased.

A feature of the separating apparatus of the present invention as set forth in claim 11 is that the separating material is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole.

By adopting such a structure, it is possible to reliably secure the transfer route of the separation target.

The separating device of the present invention as set forth in claim 12 is characterized in that the gap forming member is an elastic body.

By adopting such a structure, it is possible to make uniform the respective gaps for separating the separated bodies formed between the two adjacent plates.

Further, the separating device of the present invention as set forth in claim 13 is characterized in that the gap adjusting means detachably disposes a plate and a gap forming member constituting the separating material, The point that the gap between the two plates is made variable by attaching and detaching the plate and the gap forming member.

By adopting such a constitution, the plate and the gap forming member constituting the separating member can be attached and detached to change the gap, and one separating member can be applied to a wide variety of objects to be separated. can do. Changing the gap by attaching and detaching the plate and the gap forming member that constitute the separating material here means
Increasing or decreasing the number of plates and / or gap forming members depending on the type of the separated object, replacing the plate and / or the gap forming member with a different thickness depending on the type of the separated object, and This can be achieved by increasing or decreasing the number of plates and / or gap forming members and / or exchanging the plates and / or the gap forming members with different thicknesses depending on the type of the separated object. Furthermore, the number of plates and / or gap forming members is simply increased / decreased according to the type of the separated object (without replacing all plates and / or gap forming members, the same plate and / or gap forming member). If a part of the gap is reduced or the same plate and / or the gap forming member is added), the gap forming member is made of an elastic material to achieve the gap adjustment without changing the length of the separating material. can do.

The separating device of the present invention as set forth in claim 14 is characterized in that the gap adjusting means is capable of moving each ring plate and the gap forming member constituting the separating member in the longitudinal direction. And a fixing plate for fixing the positions of both ends of the separating material to both ends of the separating material in the longitudinal direction and moving at least one end of the separating material in the longitudinal direction in the longitudinal direction. And the fixed plate moving means moves the fixed plate arranged at least at one end in the longitudinal direction of the separating member in the longitudinal direction so that the gap between the two plates can be varied. There is a point.

By adopting such a constitution, the fixed plate moving means can move the fixed plate disposed at at least one end in the longitudinal direction of the separating member in the longitudinal direction to make the gap variable. Therefore, a single separating material can be used for a wide variety of objects to be separated. That is, the fixed plate moving means can change the length of the separating material in the longitudinal direction by moving the fixing plate disposed at at least one end in the longitudinal direction of the separating material to change the length of the separating material in the longitudinal direction. The size of the gap (size of the gap) for separating the object to be separated formed between two adjacent plates according to the body
Can be adjusted.

The separating device of the present invention as set forth in claim 15 is characterized in that the gap adjusting means is capable of moving each ring plate and the gap forming member constituting the separating member in the longitudinal direction. And a fixing plate for fixing the positions of both ends of the separating material to both ends of the separating material in the longitudinal direction, and can be moved in the longitudinal direction to any position except both ends of the separating material in the longitudinal direction. At least one movable plate and movable plate moving means for independently moving the movable plate in the longitudinal direction are provided, and the movable plate is moved by the movable plate moving means in the longitudinal direction to move the movable plate through the movable plate. The point is that the gap between the two plates located on both sides in the longitudinal direction is relatively variable.

By adopting such a structure, the movable plate moving means can move the movable plate disposed between the two fixed plates in the longitudinal direction to make the gap variable. Therefore, a single separating material can be used for a wide variety of objects to be separated. That is, the movable plate moving means is
The movable plate, which is movably arranged in the longitudinal direction, is moved in the longitudinal direction to any position except the both ends in the longitudinal direction of the separating material whose positions in the longitudinal direction are fixed by the two fixing plates.
The length in the longitudinal direction of each of the separating members located on both sides in the longitudinal direction can be changed via the movable plate, whereby the two adjacent plates are separated from each other depending on the object to be separated. The size of the gap (size of the gap) for separating the separated object to be formed can be adjusted.

Further, the feature of the separating apparatus of the present invention according to claim 16 is that the separating means is divided in the longitudinal direction to form a plurality of separating parts, and each separating part has two sheets. The gaps between the plates are the same for each separation portion, and the gaps between the two plates of each separation portion are arranged in order from the upstream side to the downstream side of the separation target in the transfer direction. The point is that it was formed to be narrow.

By adopting such a configuration, the object to be separated can be separated in multiple stages.
It is possible to improve the separation ability for the object to be separated.

The separating device of the present invention as set forth in claim 17 is characterized in that it has a transfer means for moving the object to be separated in the longitudinal direction of the separating means.

By adopting such a constitution, the separated body can be forcibly transferred in the longitudinal direction of the separating means, the separated body can be smoothly separated, and the separated body can be efficiently separated. Can be improved.

The separating device of the present invention as set forth in claim 18 is characterized in that the transfer means is a spiral conveyor.

By adopting such a structure, the spiral conveyor can transfer (pressurize) the object to be separated while compressing the object to be separated, so that the separation efficiency of the object to be separated by the separating means is improved. be able to.

[0044]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing the essential part of the overall construction of an example of an embodiment of a separating apparatus to which the separating method according to the present invention is applied.

The separation device 1 of the present embodiment is provided with an excess sludge,
A sludge such as coagulation sludge, flotation scum, or a mixture of a solid and a liquid called a sludge (sludge) is used as an object to be separated S, and a liquid component E of the liquid is dehydrated from the object to be separated S to form a dehydrated cake. It is separated into a solid lump K and a liquid portion E called liquid.

As shown in FIG. 1, the separating apparatus 1 of the present embodiment has a pedestal 2 which is made of a rigid material such as metal and has a substantially rectangular shape in a plane. In the apparatus, a desired number of leveling mounts for separating the level of the separating device 1 and vibration absorption and wheels (both not shown) for freely moving the dehydrator 1 are arranged at appropriate positions, for example, at four corners. .

A substantially box-shaped removable main liquid receiver 3 having an upper opening is attached to the upper portion of the gantry 2. The main liquid receiver 3 is dehydrated (separated) by a main separation cylinder 4A which constitutes a part of a separation means 4 described later, and collects a liquid component E discharged from the outer peripheral surface of the main separation cylinder 4A and falling. It is for the purpose of being formed over the majority of the central portion in the longitudinal direction shown in the left-right direction in FIG. The main liquid receiver 3 is formed such that the central portion of the bottom plate is the lowest, and the drain 5 is disposed at the lowest portion of the bottom plate. One end of a hose or a pipe (not shown) is attached to the discharge drain 5 so that the liquid component E dropped in the main liquid receiver 5 can be sent to a recovery tank (not shown). Further, on the left side of the upper surface of the gantry 2 in FIG. 1, a discharge chute 6 for discharging a solid lump K called a dehydrated cake or the like discharged axially from the inside of the main separation cylinder 4A onto a conveyor (not shown). Is arranged, and the lump K discharged on the conveyor is
It can be delivered to an appropriate container (not shown) by a conveyor. A control panel (both not shown) having various operation switches and the like is arranged at a desired position of the gantry 2.

A main separating cylinder (dehydrating cylinder) 4A which constitutes a part of the separating means 4 is arranged above the gantry 2.
The main separation cylinder 4A is, for example, formed in a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole, and dehydrates the substance S to be separated into the solid substance K and a liquid of the dehydrated liquid. It can be separated into a component E (solid-liquid separation), and one end (right end) side of the main separation cylinder 4A shown on the right side in FIG.
The separation target S is supplied to the supply side IS, and the main separation cylinder 4
The other end (left end) side shown on the left side in FIG. 1 of A is the discharge side OS from which the dehydrated lump K is discharged. The main separating cylinder 4A is separated by the plurality of support members 7 provided upright on the pedestal 2 in parallel with the upper surface of the gantry 2 and in the longitudinal direction of the gantry 2 shown in the left-right direction in FIG. The cylinder 4A is horizontally supported so that the axial directions thereof extend in parallel. The detailed structure of the main separation cylinder 4A will be described later.

Above the supply side IS of the main separation cylinder 4A, a sub separation cylinder 4B for smoothly supplying the substance S to be separated into the main separation cylinder 4A is arranged. This sub separation cylinder 4
B constitutes a part of the separating means 4, and is formed in, for example, a substantially rectangular tube shape as a whole, and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the main separating tube 4A in FIG. It is arranged so as to be vertical. The detailed configuration of the sub separation cylinder 4B will be described later.

That is, the separating means 4 in the present embodiment includes a main separating cylinder 4A arranged horizontally above the frame 2 as shown in the left-right direction in FIG. 1 and a supply side IS of the main separating cylinder 4.
Has a sub-separation cylinder 4B vertically arranged in the upper part of FIG.

Inside the main separation cylinder 4A, a spiral conveyor 9 as a transfer means is arranged. The spiral conveyor 9 can transfer (pressurize and transfer) the separation target S from the right side to the left side in FIG. You can do it. Further, journal parts 10 each having a smaller diameter than the outer diameter of the spiral conveyor 9 are provided at both ends of the spiral conveyor 9.

The journal portion 10R arranged at the right end shown on the right side in FIG. 1 of the spiral conveyor 9 has a major part in the lengthwise direction protruding from the right end of the main separating cylinder 4A, and the tip vicinity thereof is a pedestal. It is rotatably supported by a bearing body 11R disposed on the upper surface of the right side of the main separation cylinder 4A. A driven pulley 12 is attached to the tip of the journal portion 10R. Further, a drive motor 13 such as a variable speed induction motor is disposed in the upper part of the upper surface of the gantry 2 located to the right of the bearing body 11R in the vicinity of the right end in the longitudinal direction, and the output shaft of the drive motor 13 is disposed. A drive pulley 14 is attached to the tip of 13a. Then, the endless timing is achieved by contacting the outer peripheral surfaces of the driven pulley 12 attached to the tip of the journal portion 10R and the drive pulley 14 attached to the tip of the output shaft 13a of the drive motor 13. The belt 15 is wound.

Further, the journal portion 10L arranged at the left end of the spiral conveyor 9 shown on the left side in FIG.
Most of the length direction projects from the main separation cylinder 4A, and the vicinity of the tip end thereof is rotatably supported by a bearing 11L arranged near the left end in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface of the pedestal 2.

That is, the driving force of the drive motor 13 is transmitted to the spiral conveyor 9 via the timing belt 15 and the separated body S supplied into the main separation cylinder 4A is
In FIG. 1, it is rotatable so as to be gradually compressed and pressurized while being transferred from right to left.

As a drive force transmission mechanism for transmitting the drive force of the drive motor 13 to the spiral conveyor 9, the pulleys 12 and 14 are sprockets (not shown), and the timing belt 15 is an endless roller chain (not shown). It is also possible to select from various conventionally known ones.

Furthermore, the spiral conveyor 9 shown in FIG.
The journal portion 1 disposed on the left end side shown on the left side in FIG.
A cake cutter 16 for surely dropping the lump K discharged from the main separation cylinder 4A onto the discharge chute 6 is arranged near the right end portion of 0L.

The main separating cylinder 4A is shown in FIGS.
This will be described in more detail.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a plate constituting the separating material of the front separating portion, and FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway plan view showing the main portion of the front separating portion without the auxiliary separating cylinder. FIG. 4 is a partially cut front view showing the main part of the front separation part with the sub-separation cylinder omitted, and FIG. 5 is a right side view showing the vicinity of the support member located closest to the supply side, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a plate that constitutes a separating member of the rear separating section, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional plan view showing an essential part of the rear separating section, and FIG. 8 is a left side surface showing the vicinity of a fixing plate located on the supply side. FIG. 9 is a left side view showing the vicinity of the fixed plate located on the discharge side, and FIG. 10 is a left side view showing the vicinity of the movable plate.

As shown in FIG. 1, the main separating cylinder 4A forming a part of the separating means 4 in the present embodiment has an upstream side (supply side) in the transfer direction of the object S to be separated shown on the right side in FIG. IS) and a sub-separation cylinder 4B, which will be described later, is disposed on the upper part of the front part 17A, and the upper part is open. )
Is divided into two in the axial direction with the rear separating portion 17B located at. Further, the rear separating portion 17B is similar to the front separating portion 17A.
The intermediate separating portion 17Ba located on the side and the rear separating portion 17Bb located on the discharge side OS are axially divided into two parts. That is, the separating portion 17 of the main separating cylinder 4A in the present embodiment.
Is axially divided into a front separating portion 17A and a rear separating portion 17B, and the rear separating portion 17B is divided into a middle separating portion 17Ba and a rear separating portion 17Bb, and a total of 3 in total. Two separating parts 17A, 17Ba, 1
It has 7 Bb.

The front separating portion 17A is for forming a so-called low-pressure separation zone for separating the object S to be separated at a low pressure, and as shown in FIG. By laminating a plurality of the plates 18 thus formed, the separating member 19 is formed into a substantially gutter-like shape having a plane rectangular shape and a side surface substantially U-shaped as a whole. Each plate 18 that constitutes the separating member 19 is formed of a rigid material such as metal, and as shown in FIG. 2, five mounting holes 20 are formed so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction. ing. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each of the mounting holes 20 is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the five guide rods 21 (only a part of which is shown) so as to be movable in the axial direction.

As shown in FIG. 4, each guide rod 21 is provided with a desired gap GA for separating the object S to be separated between two plates 18 adjacent to each other. A ring-shaped disc spring 22 that is elastic in the axial direction and is an elastic body as a gap forming member for forming is movably fitted on the outside. As the gap forming member, the disc spring 2
The number is not limited to 2, and various types that can be expanded and contracted in the axial direction, such as a compression coil spring and a wave washer (not shown), can be selected.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, each of the guide rods 21 has a support member 7a disposed on the uppermost surface of the gantry 2 on the supply side IS, and an OS on the discharge side of the support member 7a.
Are horizontally supported above the pedestal 2 by the supporting members 7b adjacent to each other. Each of these guide rods 21
For example, by rotating each guide rod 21, each supporting member 7 is moved in the axial direction of the main separation cylinder 4A.
The guide rods 21 are detachably attached to a and 7b. By rotating the guide rods 21 in one direction, the guide rods 21 move to the right as shown by arrow A in FIG. The left end of each guide rod 21 is separated from the surface of the support member 7b located on the discharge side OS located on the supply side IS, and the plate 18 and the disc spring 22 are separated from each other by the front separation portion 17A.
Can be attached and detached from the discharge side OS of
The number of plates 18 and / or disc springs 22 arranged on each guide rod 21 may be increased or decreased, or the plates 18 and / or disc springs 22 may be replaced with those having different thicknesses,
By performing an operation that combines the increase and decrease of the number and exchange
The gap GA can be made variable.

That is, the separation distance L1 between the support members 7a and 7b of the front separation portion 17A is fixed, and the separation distance L1 is set.
Plate 18 and / or disc spring 2 arranged for
2 can be increased or decreased, the plate 18 and / or the disc spring 22 can be replaced with one having a different thickness,
And / or by increasing or decreasing the number of disc springs 22 and / or replacing them with different thicknesses, the elasticity of the disc springs 28 that axially expands and contracts the distance GA between the plates 18 of the front separating part 17A. It can be controlled (changeable) by force. This gap GA is
The plate thickness of the disc spring 22 is set to the minimum size, and the maximum extension of the disc spring 22 in the axial direction is set to the maximum size.

A mere washer-shaped spacer may be used as the gap forming member instead of the disc spring 22. When this mere washer-shaped spacer is used, the number of plates 18 and / or disc springs 22 is increased or decreased. When adjusting the gap GA, it is essential to replace all of the plate 18 and / or the disc spring 22.

Further, the support members 7a and 7b and the support members 7 are attached to the guide rods 21 as needed.
The disc spring 22 may be arranged between the plate 18 and the plate 18 adjacent to a and 7b.

Further, on the upper portions of both supporting members 7a and 7b,
Flange portion 23 for supporting the sub separation cylinder 4B from below
Are formed respectively.

The rear separation section 17B is pressure-transferred from the supply side IS to the discharge side OS (from left to right in FIG. 1) by the spiral conveyor 9 and is dehydrated at a low pressure by the front separation section 17A ( It is for further dehydrating (separating) the separated object S to be separated,
7A, which is adjacent to 7A, forms a so-called medium-pressure separation zone for dehydrating the substance S to be separated at a medium pressure, and so-called high-pressure separation, which is located on the discharge side OS and separates the substance S to be separated at high pressure. It is divided into a rear separating portion 17Bb forming a zone.

The middle separating portion 17Ba and the rear separating portion 17Bb constituting the rear separating portion 17B have a separating material 19A which is formed into a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole by laminating a plurality of annular plates 18A. There is. Each plate 18A constituting this separating material 19A is formed of a rigid material such as metal. And
As shown in FIG. 6, three mounting holes 24 are formed in each plate 18A so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction. The mounting holes 24 are arranged at equal distances from the axis of the plate 18A, which is the axis of the main separation cylinder 4A, at equal angles. Further, the axial center of each mounting hole 24 is positioned radially outside the outer peripheral surface of the plate 18A.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, each mounting hole 24 of the plate 18A has two plates 18A adjacent to each other with respect to the outer peripheral surfaces of the six fixing rods 25.
The mounting holes 24 are fitted so as to be movable in the axial direction such that the mounting holes 24 have different phases by 60 degrees and are alternately laminated. Then, each fixed rod 25 is provided with a gap forming member similar to the above for forming a desired gap GB for separating the separated body S between the plates 18A adjacent to each other. The disc spring 22A is externally fitted between the two adjacent plates 18A in the same phase, so that the two adjacent plates 18A can be closely attached to each other. .

That is, a disc spring 22A is arranged between two adjacent plates 18A, which are adjacent to the separation member 19A formed by laminating a plurality of plates 18A.
A gap GB is provided between each two adjacent plates 18A forming A.

The plate thickness of the disc spring 22A is the same as the plate thickness of the plate 18A or slightly smaller than the plate thickness of the plate 18A. Therefore, theoretically, the sizes of the gap GB are adjacent to each other. It can be adjusted within a range from 0 where the plate 18A to which it is attached closely to the maximum extension state of the disc spring 22A in the axial direction. Further, the gap GB of the rear separating portion 17B is formed to be smaller than the gap GA of the front separating portion 17A (GB <GA).

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the front end of the fixed rod 25 located on the supply side IS has a front separating portion 1
7A is detachably attached to the fixed plate 26a attached to the support member 7b located on the discharge side OS of 7A, and the rear end of the fixed rod 25 located on the discharge side is as shown in FIGS. In addition, it is detachably attached to the fixing plate 26b attached to the support member 7c located closest to the discharge side OS.

As shown in FIG. 7, a movable plate 27 for dividing the rear separating portion 17B into a middle separating portion 17Ba and a rear separating portion 17Bb is arranged at a substantially central position in the longitudinal direction of each of the fixing rods 25. It is set up. This movable plate 27 is shown in FIG.
As shown in 0, each fixed rod 25 has six insertion holes 28 through which the fixed rod 25 is inserted in the plate thickness direction.
It is movable along the axis 5 in the axial direction. Further, the respective insertion holes 28 are arranged at equal distances from the axis of the main separation cylinder 4A by equal angles.

In order to move the movable plate 27 along the fixed rod 25 in the axial direction (reciprocating movement) between the movable plate 27 and the fixed plate 26b located on the discharge side OS, as shown in FIG. A pair of adjusting rods 30 serving as the movable plate moving means are disposed. The adjusting rod 30 extends parallel to the fixed rods 25 near the ends of the movable plate 27 and the fixed plate 26b located on the discharge side OS in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the gantry 2. It is arranged. A male screw 31 is formed on the front end of the adjusting rod 30 located on the supply side IS over a required length. The male screw 31 of the adjusting rod 30 is attached to the movable plate 27.
The female screw 32 formed so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction in the vicinity of the end in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the gantry 2 is screwed so that the front end projects from the supply side IS of the movable plate 27. ing.

The rear end of the adjusting rod 30 located on the discharge side OS penetrates in the plate thickness direction in the vicinity of the end of the fixing plate 26b located on the discharge side OS in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the frame. The fixing plate 2 is inserted into the sliding hole 33 formed in this manner.
It is pivotally attached so as to project from the surface of the discharge side OS of 6b. Furthermore, a retaining ring (not shown) is attached to the outer peripheral surface near the rear end of the adjusting rod 30 so as to sandwich the fixing plate 26b of the discharge side OS.
Can be prevented from moving in the axial direction. Further, the rear end of the adjusting rod 30 is formed with a parallel surface for applying a slip line or a spanner (not shown) so that the adjusting rod 30 can be rotated.

That is, as the drive rod 30 is rotated, the movable plate 27 is moved in the axial direction as indicated by the double-headed arrow B in FIG. 7, whereby the fixed plates 26a,
With respect to the fixed separation distance L2 between 26b, the separation distance L2a between the fixed plate 26a located on the supply side IS and the movable plate 27, and the fixed plate located on the movable plate 27 and the discharge side OS. By forming the disc spring 22A between each of the two plates 18A constituting the separating material 19Aa of the intermediate separating portion 17Ba shown in FIG. 7, the distance L2b between the plate 26b and the plate 26b is relatively changed. Absorbing (following) by the elastic force of the disc spring 22A that expands and contracts in the axial direction the gap GBb formed with the disc spring 22A between each of the two plates 18A constituting each of the gap GBa and the separating material 19Ab of the rear separating portion 17Bb. You can do it.

The fixed plates 26a and 26b and the movable plate 2
A gap adjusting means 29 for adjusting the gap GB of the rear separating portion 17B of the present embodiment is constituted by 7 and the adjusting rod 30 as the movable plate moving means.

Further, in the present embodiment, the gap GBa of the middle separating portion 17Ba is equal to the gap GBb of the rear separating portion 17Bb.
It is formed to be narrower.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the sizes of the gaps GA, GBa, GBb are gradually reduced from the upstream side to the downstream side of the separation target S in the transfer direction (GA>GBa> GBb). ) Is formed.

The fixing plate 26b located on the discharge side OS
As shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical guide ring 34 is disposed on the surface of the discharge side OS. This guide ring 34
It is for guiding the lump K that has passed through the main separating cylinder 4A along the outer peripheral surface of the spiral conveyor 9 to a predetermined discharge position.

It should be noted that, if necessary, each fixed rod 25 is also provided between each fixed plate 26a, 26b and the movable plate 27 and between each fixed plate 26a, 26b and the plate 18A adjacent to the movable plate 27. The disc spring 22A may be provided.

Further, the numbers of the fixed rods 25 and the adjusting rods 30 can be increased or decreased as necessary, and are not limited to the numbers in this embodiment.

Further, the intermediate separating section 1 in the present embodiment
7Ba and the rear separating portion 17Bb have the same disc spring 22.
A and the plate 18A are arranged, but the middle separating portion 17B
A plate (not shown) having a different thickness and a disc spring (not shown) having a different amount of expansion and contraction in the axial direction may be provided in each of a and the rear separating portion 17Bb, either alone or in combination, and is particularly limited to the configuration of this embodiment. It is not something that will be done. Incidentally, the middle separating portion 17Ba and the rear separating portion 17Bb
When the disc springs having different expansion and contraction amounts in the axial direction are respectively arranged, the axial expansion and contraction amount of the disc springs arranged in the middle separation portion 17Ba is determined by the disc springs arranged in the rear separation portion 17Bb. Is preferably larger than the amount of expansion and contraction in the axial direction.

Further, as the gap adjusting means 29 of the rear separating portion 17B, for example, the movable plate 27 can be moved in the axial direction by a reciprocating cylinder (not shown) instead of the adjusting rod 30 as the movable plate moving means. Middle separation part 1
The gap GBa of No. 7 and the gap GBb of the rear separating portion 17Bb can be adjusted, and the configuration is not particularly limited to the configuration of the present embodiment.

Further, the rear separating portion 17B according to the present embodiment is also provided.
In the above, one movable plate 27 divides the middle separating portion 17Ba and the rear separating portion 17Bb into two, but two or more movable plates 27 may be provided to divide the rear separating portion into three or more. . In this case, the adjusting rod 30 as the movable plate moving means
It is important to arrange each movable plate 27 so as to move independently in the longitudinal direction.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 1 regarding the sub separation cylinder 4B.
1 and FIG. 12 in more detail.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a plate constituting the separating material of the sub separation cylinder, and FIG. 12 is a partially cut enlarged view showing a main part of the sub separation cylinder.

As shown in FIG. 1, the sub-separation cylinder 4B constituting a part of the separation means 4 in the present embodiment smoothly supplies the substance S to be separated into the main separation cylinder 4A and also separates the substance to be separated. This forms a so-called gravity separation zone for separating the body S by gravity. The sub separation cylinder 4B has a separating member 36 formed in a square cylinder shape as a whole by stacking a plurality of plates 35 formed in a planar square frame shape. Similar to the plates 18 and 18A of the main separating cylinder 4A, the separating member 36 is formed of a material having rigidity such as metal, and has a plate 35A formed in a flat rectangular frame shape shown in FIG. 11 (a). And a plate 35B formed in the shape of a rectangular frame in plan view shown in FIG. 11B are alternately laminated. And FIG.
The one plate 35A shown in FIG.
In the upper and lower sides of the upper and lower sides shown in FIG. 4, mounting holes 37 are formed at a total of four locations so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction on the outer peripheries of both longitudinal ends. Further, FIG.
The other plate 35B shown in FIG.
In this case, a total of four mounting holes 38 are formed so as to penetrate in the plate thickness direction on the outer periphery of the substantially central portion of the four sides in the longitudinal direction. That is, each of the plates 35A and 35B forming the separating member 36 of the sub separation cylinder 4B has the respective mounting hole 3
The positions of 7, 38 are arranged with different phases. As shown in FIG. 12, the mounting holes 37 and 38 formed in the plates 35A and 35B are axially movable on the outer peripheral surfaces of the eight sliding rods 39 (only a part of which are shown). Is fitted to. In addition, each plate 35
The inner holes of A and 35B are formed so as to communicate with the upper opening 40 (FIG. 3) of the front separating portion 17A.

As shown in FIG. 12, each sliding rod 39 is provided with a desired gap GC for separating the object S to be separated between the plates 35A and 35B adjacent to each other. In order to form it, the disc spring 41 as a gap forming member similar to the main separating cylinder 4A has the rear separating portion 1
Similar to 7B, between the mounting holes 37 and 38 of the two adjacent plates 35A and 35B of the same shape that are adjacent to each other, that is, every two adjacent plates of the same shape that are adjacent to each other. Between the plates 35 (specifically, the plates 35A, 35
It is externally fitted so as to be axially movable between A and the plates 35B, 35B.

As shown in FIG. 1, the lower end of the sliding rod 39 located on the side of the main separating cylinder 4A is located at both ends of the front separating portion 17A in the axial direction.
The main separation tube 4A of the sliding rod 39, which is attached to the upper surface of the flange portion 23 of a and 7b, is attached to the upper surface of the lower support plate 42 in the shape of a rectangular frame as a fixed plate, and is shown above in FIG. The upper end spaced apart from the above is fitted to the upper support plate 43 as a fixed plate arranged so as to face the lower support plate 42 with the separating member 36 interposed therebetween. A supply port 44 for supplying the separated body S to the inside is formed at a substantially central portion of the upper support plate 43.

At the upper end of the sliding rod 39, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, a male screw is formed over a required length, and the tip of the male screw is arranged so as to penetrate the upper support plate 43 in the plate thickness direction and project from the upper surface of the upper support plate 43. It is set up. A nut 45 is screwed onto the male screw formed on the upper end of the sliding rod 39 so as to be located on the upper surface side of the upper support plate 43.
By rotating the upper support plate 43 and the lower support plate 42
Belleville spring 41 that changes the distance L3 between the plate 35 and the plate 35 of the sub separation cylinder 4B to expand and contract in the axial direction.
It can be absorbed (followed) by the elastic force of.

The sliding rod 39 and the nut 45 constitute a fixed plate moving means 48 for axially moving the upper support plate 43 which is one fixed plate, and the lower support plate 42 and the upper support plate which are fixed plates. A gap adjusting means 46 for adjusting the gap GC of the sub separation cylinder 4B of the present embodiment is constituted by 43 and the fixed plate moving means 48.

In this embodiment, the gap GC of the sub separation cylinder 4B is formed to be wider than the gap GA of the front separation portion 17A (GC> GA).

That is, the sizes (sizes) of the gaps GA, GBa, GBb, and GC of the separation device 1 according to the present embodiment gradually decrease from the upstream side to the downstream side in the transfer direction of the object S to be separated. Like (GC>GA>GBa> GB
b) formed.

If necessary, a disc spring 41 is also provided on each sliding rod 39 between the lower support plate 42 and the upper support plate 43 and the plate 35 adjacent to the respective support plates 42, 43. It may be arranged.

Further, as shown in FIG.
Between the upper surfaces of the flange portions 23 of both the support members 7a and 7b supporting A and the lower surface of the lower support plate 42, a substantially box-shaped removable sub-liquid receiver 47 having an upper opening is attached. Has been done. The sub liquid receiver 47 is for collecting the liquid component E that is dehydrated by the sub separation cylinder 4B and is discharged to the outside from the outer peripheral surface of the separation material 36 of the sub separation cylinder 4B and falls. An unillustrated discharge drain is arranged at the lowest portion of the bottom plate of the sub liquid receiver 47.
One end of a hose or pipe (not shown) for attaching the liquid component E dropped to the sub liquid receiver 47 to the main liquid receiver 3 or a recovery tank (not shown) is attached.

Next, the operation of the separating apparatus 1 of the present embodiment having the above-mentioned structure will be described.

The separating device 1 according to the present embodiment has the separating means 4
The separated body S can be separated by both the main separation cylinder 4A and the sub-separation cylinder 4B, and a wide variety of separated bodies S such as types and sizes of solids forming the separated body S can be obtained. According to the respective characteristics of each of the separation members 19, 19Aa of the main separation cylinder 4A for separating the separated body S,
The gaps GA, GBa, GBb of 19Ab and the gap GC of the separating material 36 of the sub separation cylinder 4B can be adjusted independently.

Here, each gap GC, GA, GBa, GB
The adjustment of b will be described in more detail. For convenience of description, the description will be given along the moving direction of the separated body S.

The gap GC formed between the adjacent plates 35 constituting the separating member 36 of the sub separation cylinder 4B is adjusted by one fixed plate constituting the gap adjusting means 46 in the sub separation cylinder 4B. A wrench (not shown) is used to form the fixed plate moving means 48 that is screwed into the male screw formed on the upper end of each sliding rod 39 that forms the fixed plate moving means 48 located on the upper surface of the upper support plate 43. The rotation can be performed by moving the upper support plate 43 toward and away (advancing and retracting) from the lower support plate 42 located below.

That is, when the nut 45 is rotated to bring the upper support plate 43 into the closest proximity to the lower support plate 42 located below, the two adjacent positions of the same shape adjacent to each other.
The disc springs 41 are most compressed in the plate thickness direction (contracted in the axial direction) against the spring force (elastic force) of the disc springs 41 arranged between the plates 35, and two adjacent plates are provided. Plate 35
Can be in close contact with each other and the gap GC between the two adjacent plates 35 can be set to the minimum size (GC = Min. = 0), and the value obtained by adding the thickness of each plate 35 is supported above. The distance L3 between the plate 43 and the lower support plate 42 is set.

Further, the nut 45 is rotated to rotate the upper support plate 4
When 3 is most spaced apart from the lower support plate 42 located below, the spring force of the disc springs 41 causes the disc springs 4 of substantially uniform size between the two adjacent plates 35.
It is possible to form the gap GC larger than the plate thickness of 1.
The maximum value (GC = Max.) Of the gap GC between the two plates 35 is the plate thickness of the disc spring 41 and the disc spring 41.
The limit value is determined by the spring force (specifically, the height of the disc spring 41 in the free state).

Therefore, the gap G in the sub separation cylinder 4B
The adjustment range of C is determined by the distance L3 between the upper support plate 43 and the lower support plate 42, the spring force of the disc spring 41, and the expansion / contraction amount (deformation amount) of the disc spring 41 in the axial direction. It

The distance L3 between the upper support plate 43 and the lower support plate 42 is determined by the spring force of the disc spring 41 and the disc spring 4.
By increasing the expansion amount (deformation amount) of 1 in the axial direction, each plate 35 located between the upper support plate 43 and the lower support plate 42 without disassembling the sub separation cylinder 4B. Also, the disc spring 41 can be in a disjointed state in which it can be moved in the axial direction while being supported by the sliding rod 39.

The adjustment of the gap GA formed between the adjacent plates 18 constituting the separating material 19 of the front separating portion 17A of the main separating cylinder 4A is performed by rotating the guide rods 21 and rotating the guide rods 21. 21 is moved to the right as shown by an arrow A in FIG.
The left end of 1 can be easily separated from the surface of the support member 7b located on the discharge side OS located on the supply side IS, whereby the plate 18 and the disc spring constituting the separating material 19 of the front separating portion 17A. 22 can be easily attached and detached.

When the number of the plates 18 and the disc springs 22 having the same shape is increased from the discharge side OS of the front separating portion 17A, both supporting members located at both ends of the separating member 19 of the front separating portion 17A are increased. Since the separation distance L1 between the members 7a and 7b is fixed, each two plates 1 adjacent to each other
Spring force (elastic force) of the disc spring 22 arranged between the eight
Against each other, the disc springs 22 are most compressed in the plate thickness direction (contracted in the axial direction), and the two adjacent plates 18 are each disc spring 22.
The gap GA between the two adjacent plates 35 that are in close contact with each other is set to a minimum size (GA = Min. = Disc spring 22).
Thickness).

When the plate 18 and the disc spring 22 are reduced (when the plate 18 and the disc spring 22 arranged in advance in the front separating portion 17A are partially removed), the disc spring 22 is Due to the spring force, the disc springs 22 having a substantially uniform size are provided between each two adjacent plates 18.
It is possible to form the gap GA larger than the plate thickness of. The maximum value (GA = Max.) Of the gap GA between the two plates 18 is determined by the thickness of the disc spring 22 and the disc spring 22.
The limit value is determined by the spring force (specifically, the height of the disc spring 22 in the free state).

The gap GA of the front separating portion 17A is preferably adjusted so as to be narrower than the gap GC of the sub-separating cylinder 4B in order to enhance the separating ability of the object S to be separated.

Therefore, the gap GA of the front separating portion 17A
The adjustment range of each of the support members 7a, 7a of the front separation portion 17A is
By fixing the separation distance L1 of b and increasing or decreasing the numbers of the plates 18 and the disc springs 22 arranged with respect to the separation distance L1, the thickness and spring force of the disc spring 22 and the disc spring 4 are increased.
It is determined by the expansion / contraction amount (deformation amount) of 1 in the axial direction.

The number of the plates 18 and the disc springs 22 of the front separating portion 17A is determined by the spring force of the disc springs 22 and the disc springs 2.
By reducing the amount of expansion and contraction (deformation amount) of 2 in the axial direction, the plates 18 and the disc springs 22 can be easily brought into disjointed states.

As another method for adjusting the gap GA,
As a specific example, at least one of the plate 18 and the disc spring 22 previously arranged in the front separation portion 17A may be replaced with one having a different thickness, or the number of at least one of the plate 18 and the disc spring 22 may be increased or decreased. (In this case, the increasing / decreasing plate 18 and the disc spring 22 may be the same as the plate 18 and the disc spring 22 previously arranged in the front separating portion 17A), and the front separating portion 17
It can be illustrated that the plate 18 and / or the disc spring 22 previously arranged in A are replaced with those having different thicknesses and the number thereof is increased or decreased.

A gap GBa formed between adjacent plates 18A constituting the separating material 19Aa of the middle separating portion 17Ba of the rear separating portion 17B of the main separating cylinder 4A and a separating material 19Ab of the rear separating portion 17Bb are constituted. The gap GBb formed between the adjacent plates 18A can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting rod 30 as the movable plate moving means to move the movable plate 27 in the axial direction.

That is, the separation distance L2 between the two fixing plates 26a and 26b located at both ends of the rear separating portion 17B.
Is fixed, when the adjustment rod 30 is rotated to move the movable plate 27 in the axial direction, the separation distance L2a between the fixed plate 26a and the movable plate 27 located at both ends of the middle separation portion 17Ba and the rear separation portion The distance L2b between the movable plate 27 and the fixed plate 26b located at both ends of 17Bb is increased / decreased so as to be opposite to each other.

Explaining further, the movable plate 27 is moved to the discharge side O
When it is moved to S, the separation distance L2a increases in the middle separation portion 17Ba, and the separation distance L2b in the rear separation portion 17Bb decreases by the increase in the separation distance L2a. Then, the separation distance L2 in the middle separation portion 17Ba
The increase of a is caused by the spring force (elastic force) of the disc springs 22A arranged between the two adjacent plates 18A having the same shape and adjacent to each other. 18A
A gap GBa larger than the plate thickness of the disc spring 22A having a substantially uniform size can be formed between the two. The maximum value of the gap GBa between these two plates 18A (GBa
a = Max. ) Is the plate thickness of the disc spring 22A and the disc spring 22A.
The limit value is determined by the spring force (specifically, the height of the disc spring 22A in the free state). Further, the reduction of the separation distance L2b in the rear separating portion 17Bb is due to the spring force (elastic force) of the disc springs 22A arranged between the two adjacent plates 18A having the same shape and adjacent to each other. By contrast, the disc spring 22A is compressed in the plate thickness direction (contracted in the axial direction), and in the most compressed state, the two adjacent plates 1
The gap GBb between the two adjacent plates 18A in close contact with each other can be the minimum size (GBb = Min. = 0). Further, when the movable plate 27 is moved to the supply side IS, the operation is opposite to that when the movable plate 27 is moved to the discharge side OS.

The gap GB of the rear separating portion 17B is made smaller than the gap GA of the front separating portion 17A, and the gap GBb of the rear separating portion 17Bb is set to the gap G of the middle separating portion 17ba.
It is preferable to adjust the width to be narrower than Ba in order to enhance the separation ability of the substance S to be separated.

Therefore, the adjusting range of the gaps GBa, GBb in the rear separating portion 17B is such that the distance L2 between the fixing plates 26a, 26b of the rear separating portion 17B is fixed, and the movable plate 27 is fixed with respect to the distance L2. The distance L2a between the movable plate 27 and the fixed plate 26a located at both ends of the middle separation portion 17Ba by moving in the axial direction and the distance L2 between the movable plate 27 and the fixed plate 26b located at both ends of the rear separation portion 17Bb.
By increasing or decreasing b, the separation distances L2a, L2b,
Also, it is determined by the spring force of the disc spring 22A and the axial expansion / contraction amount (deformation amount) of the disc spring 22A.

The rear separating portion 17B is disassembled by increasing the separation distances L2a and L2b so as to exceed the spring force of the disc spring 22A and the axial expansion / contraction amount (deformation amount) of the disc spring 22A. Without fixing plates 26a, 26b
Each plate 18A and disc spring 22 located between
A can be in a disjointed state in which it can be moved in the axial direction while being supported by the fixed rod 25.

That is, each of the gaps GC, GA, GBa, GBb in the separation device 1 of the present embodiment is gradually narrowed from the upstream side to the downstream side in the transfer direction of the object S to be separated (GC> GA). >GBa> GBb) and is adjustable according to the type and characteristics of the separated body S.

The gap GC of the sub separation cylinder 4B and the gaps GBa, GBb of the rear separation portion 17B of the main separation cylinder 4A in the separation device 1 of the present embodiment are adjusted by the separation target S.
It may be adjusted in advance according to the above, or may be adjusted while the separation device 1 is in operation, and it can be selected depending on the usage situation.

Next, dehydration (separation) of the object S to be separated by the separating apparatus 1 of the present embodiment will be described.

When the separating apparatus 1 of this embodiment is operated, the driving force of the driving motor 13 is changed to the timing belt 15
To the spiral conveyor 9, and the spiral conveyor 9 starts rotating at a desired rotation speed. Then, a desired object S to be separated is supplied from above the sub separation cylinder 4B shown on the upper right side in FIG. Then, the separated object S
Is supplied to the inside of the separating material 36 of the sub-separating cylinder 4B through a supply port 44 formed in the substantially central portion of the upper support plate 43 of the sub-separating cylinder 4B, and the separated object supplied to the inside of the separating material 36. S
When passing through the separating material 36 of the sub-separating cylinder 4B, the gap adjusting means 46 is adjusted between the adjacent plates 35 forming the separating material 36 according to the type of the separated object S. In the concentration / separation zone by the open gap GC, gravity separation is performed for concentration. Further, the liquid component E separated from the object S to be separated by the separating material 36 of the sub separation cylinder 4B passes from the inside of the separating material 36 toward the surface through the gap GC, and then from the outer peripheral surface of the separating material 36. It drops into the sub liquid receiver 47, and then
The liquid is delivered to the main liquid receiver 3 or a recovery tank (not shown) via a drain (not shown).

Then, the concentrated substance S to be separated is gradually added by the spiral conveyor 9 along the surface of the spiral conveyor 9 while being transferred from the right side to the left side in FIG. It is passed under pressure (movement under pressure).

Then, the object S to be separated is gradually pressurized when passing through the inside of the front separating portion 17A located on the supply side IS, and while passing through the inside of the front separating portion 17A, In the low pressure separation zone due to the gap GA adjusted according to the type of the object S to be separated between the plates 18 adjacent to each other constituting the separating material 19 of the front separating portion 17A, the liquid component E is changed by the volume change. Low pressure dehydration (low pressure separation).

Further, when the low pressure dewatered substance S passes through the inside of the middle separation part 17Ba and the rear separation part 17Bb located on the supply side IS of the rear separation part 17B located on the discharge side OS in order, Separation material 19A for middle separation part 17Ba
In the medium pressure separation zone by the gap GBa adjusted according to the type of the object S to be separated, there is a gap adjusting means 29 between the plates 18A which are adjacent to each other and the liquid E is dehydrated by medium pressure due to the volume change. (Medium pressure pressurization separation), and thereafter, the gap adjusting means 29 is provided between the adjacent plates 18A forming the separating material 19A of the rear separating portion 17Bb.
With a gap GB adjusted according to the type of the separated body S
In the high-pressure separation zone by b, the liquid E is subjected to high-pressure dehydration (high-pressure pressure separation) due to a change in volume to form a dehydrated mass K called a dehydrated cake, which is guided to the discharge position by the guide ring 34, and then the cake. The cutter 16 drops it toward the upper surface of the discharge chute 6 and then stores it in a storage container (not shown).

Further, the liquid component E separated from the substance S to be separated by the main separation cylinder 4A passes from the inside of the main separation cylinder 4A toward the surface, and then from the outer peripheral surface of the main separation cylinder 4A to the upper surface of the gantry 2. It is designed to drop into the main liquid receiver 3 arranged in the above, and then to be delivered to a not-shown recovery tank or the like via the drain 5 for discharging.

Next, the cleaning of the sub separation cylinder 4B and the main separation cylinder 4A in the separation device 1 of this embodiment will be described.

Sub-separation cylinder 4B of separation device 1 of the present embodiment
Is used for gravity separation of the separated body S, and the separation material 3
There is almost no clogging of 6, and the separation material 36 can be easily washed. Further, even when clogging occurs, as described above, the distance L3 between the upper support plate 43 and the lower support plate 42 is set to the spring force of the disc spring 41 by the fixed plate moving means 48 and the disc. By increasing the spring 41 so as to exceed the axial expansion / contraction amount (deformation amount), the upper support plate 43 can be formed without disassembling the sub separation cylinder 4B.
Since the plates 35 and the disc springs 41 located between the lower support plate 42 and the lower support plate 42 can be brought into separate states in which they can be moved in the axial direction while being supported by the sliding rod 39, When the separating material 36 is clogged, the cleaning can be easily performed, the cleaning workability can be reliably improved, and the labor and time required for the cleaning work can be reliably reduced.

Main separation cylinder 4A of separation device 1 of the present embodiment
The separating material 19 of the front separating portion 17A is used for low-pressure pressurization separation of the object S to be separated, the separating material 19 is hardly clogged, and the separating material 36 can be easily washed. . Also, even if a clogging occurs,
Unlike the prior art, as described above, since the plates 18 and the disc springs 22 constituting the separating member 19 can be easily attached and detached to be in a disjointed state, the front separating portion 17A.
It is possible to easily perform the cleaning when the separating material 19 is clogged, and the workability of the cleaning can be reliably improved, and the labor and time required for the cleaning work can be reliably reduced.

Main separation cylinder 4A of separation device 1 of the present embodiment
The rear separating portion 17B can be easily washed by rotating the adjusting rod 30 as a movable plate moving unit that constitutes a part of the gap adjusting unit 29 to move the movable plate 27 in the axial direction. That is, when cleaning the separating material 19Aa of the middle separating portion 17Ba of the rear separating portion 17B, the movable plate 27 is moved to the discharge side OS, and the separation distance L2a is set to the spring force of the disc spring 22A and the axial direction of the disc spring 22A. The plate 18A and the disc spring 22A located between the fixed plate 26a and the movable plate 27 are fixed to the fixed rod without increasing the amount of expansion / contraction (deformation) to the fixed rod 26a without disassembling the rear separating portion 17B. Since it can be in a disjointed state in which it can be moved in the axial direction while being supported by 25, it is possible to easily perform cleaning when the separating material 19Aa of the middle separating portion 17Ba of the rear separating portion 17B is clogged. Can
It is possible to surely improve the workability of cleaning and surely reduce the labor and time required for the cleaning work. In addition, the separating material 19 of the rear separating portion 17Bb of the rear separating portion 17B.
When cleaning Ab, the movable plate 27 is moved to the supply side IS, and the separation distance L2b is increased so as to exceed the spring force of the disc spring 22A and the axial expansion / contraction amount (deformation amount) of the disc spring 22A. As a result, each plate 18A and the disc spring 22A located between the fixed plate 26b and the movable plate 27 are supported by the fixed rod 25 without disassembling the rear separating portion 17B, and are separated by the axially movable pieces. The rear separating portion 17B can be in the state
Cleaning such as when the Bb separating material 19Ab is clogged can be easily performed, the workability of the cleaning can be reliably improved, and the labor and time required for the cleaning work can be reliably reduced. Further, when the movable plate 27 is moved, a part of the spiral conveyor 9 surrounded by the rear separating section 17B can be exposed to the outside, and the spiral conveyor 9 can be easily washed.

Therefore, in the separating device 1 of the present embodiment, unlike the conventional case, the separating material 36 of the sub separating cylinder 4B and the separating materials 19, 19Aa, 19Ab of the main separating cylinder 4A are different.
The cleaning can be easily performed, and a great amount of labor and time required for cleaning can be surely reduced, and each of the gaps GC, GA, GBa, GBb can be adjusted (variable).
Therefore, one separating material 19, 19A can be used.
a, 19Ab, 36 can be optimized for a wide variety of objects S to be separated.

Further, in the separation apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the separation target S can be separated also in the sub-separation cylinder 4B, so that the separation efficiency with respect to the separation target S is improved and the separation capability is improved. It can surely be improved.

Further, in the separating device 1 of the present embodiment, unlike the conventional case, the respective gaps GC, GA, GBa, GB are different.
b is gradually narrowed from the upstream side to the downstream side in the transfer direction of the separation target S (GC>GA>GBa> GB).
b) Since it is formed, the separation target S can be separated in multiple stages, and the separation ability for the separation target S can be reliably improved. By having the function of being able to separate this separated body S in multiple stages, the separating apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is capable of classifying wheat or the like into a predetermined size in a beer factory, a flour mill, or the like. It can be used as the separation device 1 for classifying the substance S to be separated, which is made of a mixture of solids having different particle diameters. When the separation device 1 according to the present embodiment is used for classifying the objects S to be separated, the main liquid receiver 3 is connected to the separation parts 17A, 17Ba, 17B.
It is preferable to divide and provide each b.

Further, the separating apparatus 1 of the present embodiment removes solids from domestic wastewater or various industrial wastewater such as human waste treatment plant, sewage treatment plant, machine factory, chemical factory, food factory, or machine tool. Removes chips from the cutting fluid, removes solids such as shells and stones from sludge caused by dredging in the sea, rivers, lakes, etc., and sorts wheat etc. into predetermined sizes at beer factories and mills. To be separated S consisting of a mixture of solid and liquid combined with each other, such as when performing classification
Can be used for separation of a wide variety of substances S to be separated, such as sieving into solids having different particle sizes and solids, dehydrating the liquid E, or removing solids from the liquid E.

Further, in the separating apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the spiral conveyor 9 is arranged inside the main separating cylinder 4A, and the spiral conveyor 9 includes the main separating cylinder 4A.
The separated body S moving inside the A can be smoothly transferred, and the separated body S can be transferred while being compressed (transferred under pressure), so that the separation efficiency of the separated body is further improved. be able to.

The separating members 19, 19A of the separating means 4,
As the plates 18, 18A and 35 that form 36,
For example, a flat plate plate 49 shown in FIG. 13A and a U-shaped plate 50 shown in FIG.
13, a semicircular plate 51 shown in FIG. 13C, an annular plate 52 shown in FIG. 13D, and FIG.
Various shapes such as the rectangular frame-shaped plate 53 shown in (e) can be used. When the flat plate 49 shown in FIG. 13 (a) is used, side plate guides 54 for regulating the transfer area of the separated body S are provided on both sides of the plate 49 as shown by imaginary lines. preferable. Further, as the shape of the separating means 4, various shapes such as a cylindrical shape as a whole, a gutter-shaped shape as a whole, or a combination of a cylindrical shape and a gutter shape can be used. The shape of the separating means 4 is not limited to this.

Further, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, but can be modified as necessary.

[0138]

As described above, according to the separation apparatus of the present invention, the separation material can be easily washed and one separation material can be used for a wide variety of objects to be separated. It has an excellent effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cut front view showing a main part of an overall configuration of an example of an embodiment of a separation device to which a separation method according to the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a plate that constitutes the separating material of the front separating portion of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway plan view showing the main part of the front separation part of FIG. 1 with the sub-separation cylinder omitted.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway front view showing the main part of the front separation part of FIG. 1 with the auxiliary separation cylinder omitted.

5 is a right side view showing the vicinity of the support member located on the most supply side in FIG.

6 is a plan view showing a plate that constitutes the separating material of the rear separating portion of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional plan view showing the main part of the rear separation part of FIG.

8 is a left side view showing the vicinity of a fixing plate located on the supply side in FIG.

9 is a left side view showing the vicinity of the fixing plate located on the discharge side in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 10 is a left side view showing the vicinity of the movable plate in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a plate that constitutes a separating material of a sub separation cylinder of the separation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a partially cut enlarged view showing a main part of a sub separation cylinder of the separation device according to the present invention.

13 (a) to 13 (e) are plan views showing modified examples of plates constituting the separating material of the separating device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Separation Device 4 Separation Cylinder (As Separation Means) 4A Main Separation Cylinder 4B Sub Separation Cylinder 7 Supporting Member 9 Spiral Conveyor (As Transfer Means) 17A Front Separation Part 17B Rear Separation Part 17Ba Medium Separation (rear separation part) Part 17Bb Rear separation part (of rear separation part) 18, 18A (Constituting separation material of main separation cylinder) Plate 19, 19A Separation material 21 Guide rod 22, 22A (separation material of main separation cylinder) Disc spring 25 fixed rods 26a, 26b fixed plate 27 movable plate 29 (rear separating portion) gap adjusting means 30 adjusting rod 35 (moving plate moving means) plate (sub-separating cylinder) plate 36 Separation material (of the sub-separation cylinder) 39 Sliding rod 41 Disc spring (as a gap forming member of the charging device) 42 Lower support plate 43 Upper support plate 45 Nut 46 ( Gap adjustment means (separation cylinder) 48 Fixed plate moving means E Liquid component GA (between plates of front separation part of main separation cylinder) GB (between plates of rear separation part of main separation cylinder) GBa (main separation) Gap GBb (between the plates of the middle separation part of the rear separation part of the cylinder) Gap (between the plates of the rear separation part of the rear separation part of the main separation cylinder) Gc Gap (between the plates of the secondary separation cylinder) L Separation distance L2 (between both supporting members of the rear separation portion) L2 (between both fixed plates of the rear separation portion) L2a (between fixed plate and movable plate of the middle separation portion of the rear separation portion) ) Separation distance L2b (between the fixed plate and the movable plate of the rear separation part of the rear separation part) L3 (between the upper support plate and the lower support plate of the sub separation cylinder)
Separation distance S Separation target IS Supply side OS Discharge side

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takeharu Era 13-5 7 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inside Conti Inc. (72) Inventor Takao Shibata 14-5-5 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Within Co-Plant Co., Ltd.

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. A pair of adjacent two plates forming a separating material by disposing a gap forming member between two adjacent plates of a separating material formed by laminating a plurality of plates. Forming a separating means having an adjustable gap between the two plates of the separating means, and separating the particles to be separated consisting of solids and solids or a mixture of solids and liquids with a gap between the two plates of the separating means. A separation method characterized by separating different solids and solids or solids and liquids. 2. A separation member formed by laminating a plurality of plates, wherein a gap forming member is arranged between every two adjacent plates of the separation member. Separation means having an adjustable gap between two plates is formed, and an object to be separated comprising solid and solid or a mixture of solid and liquid with a gap between each of the two plates of the separation means. A method for separating a solid and a solid or a liquid having different particle sizes. 3. A plate and a gap forming member constituting the separating member are detachably arranged, and the plate and the gap forming member are attached and detached according to the type of the object to be separated. The separation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gap between the plates is variable. 4. A fixing plate for arranging each of the ring plates and the gap forming member constituting the separating material so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction, and for fixing the positions of both ends of the separating material to both ends of the separating material in the longitudinal direction. Along with the arrangement, fixed plate moving means for moving at least one end in the longitudinal direction of the separating material in the longitudinal direction is arranged, and the fixing plate moving means is provided in the longitudinal direction of the separating material according to the type of the object to be separated. 3. The separation method according to claim 1, wherein a gap between the two plates is varied by moving a fixing plate disposed at least at one end of the plate in the longitudinal direction. 5. A fixing plate for arranging each of the ring plates and the gap forming member constituting the separating material so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction, and fixing plates for fixing the positions of both ends of the separating material to both ends of the separating material in the longitudinal direction. At least one movable plate movable in the longitudinal direction and movable plate moving means for independently moving the movable plate in the longitudinal direction are disposed at arbitrary positions except both ends in the longitudinal direction of the separating material. Then, by moving the movable plate in the longitudinal direction by the movable plate moving means in accordance with the type of the separated object, the two plates located on both sides in the longitudinal direction are interposed between the two plates via the movable plate. The gap between the two is relatively variable.
Alternatively, the separation method according to claim 2. 6. The separating means is divided in the longitudinal direction to form a plurality of separating portions, and the adjustable gaps between the two plates of each separating portion have the same size for each separating portion. At the same time, the adjustable gap between each of the two plates of each separation unit is formed so as to become narrower in order from the upstream side to the downstream side in the transfer direction of the separated body, and the separated body is separated. The separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein step separation is performed. 7. The separation method according to claim 1, wherein the object to be separated is forcibly transferred in a longitudinal direction of the separating means. 8. A separation material formed by laminating a plurality of plates, and an object to be separated composed of a solid and a solid or a mixture of a solid and a liquid having a particle size between two plates adjacent to the separation material. Separation means having a gap forming member capable of forming a gap for separating different solids and solids or solids and liquids, and gap adjustment for adjusting the gap between each two plates adjacent to the separation material. And a separation device. 9. The separating apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the gap forming member is arranged between each two plates adjacent to the separating material. 10. The separation apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the gap forming member is arranged between every two adjacent plates of every other separation member. 11. The separation material is formed into a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole.
The separation apparatus according to any one of 1. 12. The separation device according to claim 8, wherein the gap forming member is an elastic body. 13. The gap adjusting means detachably disposes a plate and a gap forming member which constitute the separating material, and by attaching and detaching the plate and the gap forming member, the gap between the two plates is increased. The separation device according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the gap is variable. 14. The gap adjusting means disposes each ring plate and gap forming member constituting the separating material so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction, and positions of both ends of the separating material at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the separating material. And a fixing plate moving means for moving at least one end in the longitudinal direction of the separating material in the longitudinal direction, and at least one end in the longitudinal direction of the separating material with this fixing plate moving means. 13. The separation apparatus according to claim 12, wherein a gap between the two plates is made variable by moving a fixed plate disposed in the longitudinal direction. 15. The gap adjusting means disposes each ring plate and gap forming member constituting the separating material so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction, and positions of both ends of the separating material at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the separating material. At least one movable plate which is movable in the longitudinal direction to any position except both ends in the longitudinal direction of the separating member, and a movable plate which independently moves the movable plate in the longitudinal direction. A plate moving means is provided, and the movable plate moving means moves the movable plate in the longitudinal direction to thereby form a gap between the two plates located on both sides in the longitudinal direction via the movable plate. 13. The separation device according to claim 12, wherein the separation device is configured to be relatively variable. 16. The separating means is divided in the longitudinal direction to form a plurality of separating parts, and the gap between the two plates of each separating part has the same size for each separating part. 16. The gap between each of the two plates of the separating portion is formed so as to become narrower in order from the upstream side to the downstream side in the transfer direction of the separated body. The separation device according to item 1. 17. The separation apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising a transfer unit that moves the object to be separated in a longitudinal direction of the separation unit. 18. The separation device according to claim 17, wherein the transfer means is a spiral conveyor.