JPH0923729A - Root cropper - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To provide a root vegetable harvester that can harvest without damaging root vegetables, and that can cut the stems of leaves after harvest in a stable state. [Structure] In the root vegetable harvesting machine, a plurality of plates 11 having substantially the same shape, whose planes are provided substantially vertically in the front part of the flora 1, are arranged at equal intervals inside each other, and further in the rear part of the plurality of plates 11. The digging section 6 is provided with a horizontal bottom surface 10a for transferring the digged root vegetables to the rear transport section 7, and with the curved case 10 having an open front surface. In the field, the dug portion 6 is placed in the ground along the root vegetables, and the root vegetables are sandwiched between the plates 11. When the root vegetables dug up in the dug portion 6 are sandwiched between the plates 11 together with the soil, pressure is uniformly applied to the whole root vegetables, so that the root vegetables can be picked up without pressure loss. The root vegetables reach the bottom surface of the curved case 10 by the forward movement of the harvester, and then are transferred to the rear transport unit 7.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a root vegetable harvesting machine having good workability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional root vegetable harvesting machine, either the soil part of the root vegetable or the part exposed above the ground is gripped by the sandwiching head, so that the root vegetable is damaged by the gripping pressure of the sandwiching head. There was a risk to In addition, the harvested root vegetables were cut while the leaves were hanging in a vertical direction with a root vegetable harvester, which made the cutting operation unstable and the cutting positions varied.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The above-mentioned conventional root vegetable harvester is not a harvester that can fully meet the requirements because it damages the harvested root vegetable and cannot stably cut the leaves. An object of the present invention is to provide a root vegetable harvesting machine that can be harvested without damaging the root vegetable and that can be cut in a stable state after the harvest.

[0004]

The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following constitutions. That is, there is an opening at the front and rear of the front part of the vehicle body, and only one side wall surface is provided with a side wall surface that is inclined from the entrance of the front opening to the rear side in a direction that narrows the frontage with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle body. A song case,
The root vegetable harvesting machine is provided with a digging section provided with a root-shaped root vegetable guide section for transferring the digged root vegetable to a rear transport section at a lower portion inside the bent case.
The root vegetable harvesting machine of the present invention is applicable not only to carrots but also to root vegetables such as radish and turnip.

At the time of harvesting root vegetables, the dug portion of the root vegetable harvester is put in the ground along the line of root vegetables at the harvesting time in the field. At this time, when the bending case of the digging portion moves forward, the root vegetables dug on the bottom surface of the bending case are carried along one side wall surface inclined in a direction narrowing the width with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle body. At this time, the root portion of the root vegetable is on one side wall surface side of the curved case, and the leaf portion is fed backward while tilting so as to be positioned away from the side wall surface, and hits the child-shaped guide portion of the cage. The position is horizontal. Then, when the root vegetables are sent backward in the bent case, the soil attached to the root vegetables will fall backward from the bent case in the cage-shaped root vegetable guide section, and only the root vegetables will be delivered to the transport section behind the dug section. Be done.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited by the examples below.

FIG. 1 shows a side view of the carrot harvester, and FIG. 2 shows a side view seen from the front. Further, FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the dug portion of the carrot harvester of this embodiment. The carrot harvester of this embodiment is provided on a crawler 1, a vehicle body 3 supported by an axle 2 of the crawler 1, a driving section 5 supported by the vehicle body 3, a digging section 6, and a rear side of the digging section 6. The transport unit 7 and a storage unit 9 provided behind the transport unit 7 for storing harvested carrots.

The dug portion 6 has a plurality of plates 11 of substantially the same shape whose planes are provided in a substantially vertical direction inside a curved case 10 having openings at the front and rear, and arranged at equal intervals. Further, a plate 13 is provided on the bottom surface of the curved case 10 in front of the plurality of plates 11 to facilitate insertion of the curved case 10 into the soil. On the bottom surface of the curved case 10 at the rear of the plurality of plates 11, a plurality of bars 12 are arranged side by side in a cage-like shape for transferring the dug root vegetables to the rear transport section 7.

One side wall 10a of the curved case 10 is inclined from the entrance of the opening portion toward the rear by a length of an inclination width L (FIG. 2) in a direction narrowing the width with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle body. Further, the bending case 10 is provided on the tip of a shaft 15 extending from the vehicle body 3 for supporting the bending case 10 on the ground and at the same time making it easy to move together with the harvester main body.

At the rear of the curved case 10, there is arranged a carrot carrying unit 7 having a cage-shaped endless belt 17. The endless belt 1 of the transport section 7
Reference numeral 7 denotes a plurality of plates 11 which are composed of an inclined portion 17a on the side of the dug portion 6 and a substantially horizontal portion 17b on the rear side of the vehicle body when viewed from the side.
The carrot received from can be conveyed from the inclined portion 17a to the substantially horizontal portion 17b. Since the endless belt 17 is in the shape of a cage, the soil attached to the carrot can be dropped onto the ground during the transportation of the carrot.

A rotating brush 18 is provided above the substantially horizontal portion 17b of the endless belt 17 in order to reliably remove the attached soil while the carrot is being conveyed. The direction of the rotating shaft of the rotating brush 18 is arranged in the moving direction of the endless belt 17. The distance between the rotating brush 18 and the substantially horizontal portion 17b of the endless belt 17 is equal to that of the rotating brush 1.
In step 8, the soil attached to the carrot can be forcibly removed. A rotary blade 20 is provided above the reversal portion of the endless belt 17b to cut off the carrot leaf stem. Then, a carrot storage section 9 is provided behind the transport section 7.
Is provided. It is preferable that the storage section 9 has a box shape that is detachable from the carrot harvester.

In the carrot harvester having the above structure, the lower end of the bent case 10 of the dug portion 6 is below the carrot planting portion by a mechanism (not shown) by the driver's operation of the steering wheel toward the carrot strip. As if to dive into the ground. Then, when the carrot harvester is moved forward, the carrot is placed on a plurality of plates 11 together with the soil, and the carrot case 10 is bent along one side wall surface 10a inclined in a direction narrowing the width with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle body. Carrots dug on the bottom are carried. At this time,
The carrot has its root portion on the side wall surface 10a side and is inclined in such a manner that the leaf portion is located away from the side wall surface 10a, and is guided horizontally by a plurality of rods 12 arranged in a cage-like shape. Suitable for. And a carrot with multiple sticks 1
The soil attached to the carrot while being guided to 2 is stick 1
It falls out from between the two and falls out from the opening behind the bent case 10. On the other hand, only carrots are transferred onto the endless belt 17 of the transport section 7 behind the dug section.

At this time, the plurality of plates 11 are not mounted in the curved case 10, but a plurality of rods 12 provided in parallel are extended to the front, and carrots are placed on the rods 12 and moved backward. You may make it the structure made to let.

As a conventional carrot harvester, there is known a carrot harvesting system in which any part of the carrot is dug while being sandwiched between a pair of endless belts rotating in opposite directions. In the harvester, there was a risk that carrots would be damaged by the clamping pressure of the pair of endless belts. Moreover, since the leaf stem was cut while hanging the carrot dug in the vertical direction, it became unstable and the cutting position varied. In this case, the root of the carrot must be dropped once when cutting the leaf stem, which may cause the root to crack.

However, the digging section 6 of the carrot harvesting machine of this embodiment is not intended to dig the carrots by sandwiching it,
Moreover, the soil can be dug out, and the carrot can be directly conveyed onto the endless belt 17 of the conveying unit 7, and the carrot can be picked up without damaging the carrot evenly.

On the substantially horizontal portion 17b of the endless belt 17 of the transport unit 7, the soil attached to the carrots is almost completely removed by the rotating brush 18. Then, by setting the rotating direction of the rotating brush 18 in the direction of the arrow A shown in FIG. 1 (FIG. 1), the carrot is brought close to one side surface of the endless belt 17. Then, the leaf blade portion is cut off from the root by the rotary blade 20. Since the position of the carrot that is brought to one side surface of the endless belt 17 by the rotation of the rotary brush 18 is a fixed position, the cutting position of the leaf stem portion by the rotary blade 20 can be made substantially constant for all carrots. Also,
Since the carrot is cut while the carrot is laid on the endless belt 17 (the root part is completely fixed), the cut surface becomes clean. The cut off stems fall from the guide plate 21 (FIG. 2) to the ground surface.

Further, the carrot harvester can be constructed as follows. FIG. 4 shows a side view of the carrot harvester of this embodiment, and FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the carrot harvester seen from above. The carrot harvester is provided behind the crawler 1, a vehicle body 3 supported by an axle (not shown) of the crawler 1, a driving section 5 supported by the vehicle body 3, a carrot digging section 6, and a rear section of the digging section 6. Carrot sandwiching and transporting part 7 and the transporting part 7
And a storage section 9 for storing harvested carrots provided at the rear of the storage box.

The dug portion 6 is composed of a plurality of raising lugs 23 provided on the case 22 at predetermined intervals and a pair of pulling-out sandwiching belts 24 which rotate in mutually opposite directions, and the sandwiching and conveying portion 7 is provided with the sandwiching belt 24. An endless belt 25 is provided in the vicinity of the rear end of the rear end, and a storage portion 9 including a basket 27 for storing the harvested carrots is provided below the rear end of the endless belt 25.

The feature of the present embodiment is that the pair of pull-out pinching belts 24 are twisted at 90 ° with respect to each other so that the carrots are conveyed laterally at the terminal ends thereof. Therefore, the carrot can be laid sideways at the end of the belt 24 while the carrot pulled out in the horizontal plane is held by the pair of pull-out holding belts 24. Therefore, it is possible to cut the leaf stem with the cutter 28 with the carrot neck portion (the connection portion between the root and the leaf stem) aligned on the belt 24. Further, since the carrot leaves can be cut sideways in this way, the leaf stems can be released from the outermost side of the harvester.

Further, in the example of the carrot harvester shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 (FIG. 6 is a side view, FIG. 7 is a plan view), the dug portion 6 has a fixed plate 30 that slides well and a pulling belt 31 that rotates. The carrot leaf stem is sandwiched between and pulled out. Members having the same functions as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In this case, a plurality of units (four members are shown in FIG. 7) provided with a fixed plate 30 and a pull-out belt 31 are provided, and each pull-out belt 31 is driven by using the driving force of the engine. To be done. The pull-out belts 31 are each supported by a support frame 35.

8 to 11 show the details of the main part of the dug portion 6. As shown in FIG. 8, the rotating shaft 48 in the support pipe 47 is rotated by a pair of bevel gears 44 and 45 by the endless belts 42 and 43 that are rotated by the driving force of the engine (shown in the figure) to rotate the rotating shaft 48. The rotation shaft 52 of the pull-out belt 31 is rotated by the chain 51 meshed with the sprocket 50 provided at the end of the pull-out belt 31. The support frame 35 and the fixing plate 30 of each pulling belt 31 are shown in FIG.
As shown in (plan view) and FIG. 10 (partial side view of FIG. 9), they are connected to each other by two connecting members 54 and 55. Further, the connecting member 54 can be moved in the vertical direction by the vertical hydraulic cylinder 59 attached to the frame 58 of the vehicle body. Further, FIG. 11 shows a gear mechanism of a pair of bevel gears 44, 45 provided in the support pipe 47 of each pulling belt 31 and an engine rotating shaft 60.

In this case, the unit consisting of the fixed plate 30 and the pull-out belt 31 can be narrow in width, so that a pair of pull-out belts are rotated in opposite directions to pull out carrots, and the width of each strip is about half. The carrot can be cultivated in multiple rows and can be harvested by multi-row digging.

An example of another carrot harvester shown in FIGS. 12 to 14 is shown. 12 is a side view, FIG. 13 is a plan view,
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a pair of conical rod-shaped elastic bodies. Members having the same functions as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In this case, a pair of conical rod-shaped elastic members 36
The dug portion 6 having a plurality of rows is formed. The pair of conical rod-shaped elastic bodies 36 are arranged such that the longitudinal direction thereof is the traveling direction of the carrot harvesting machine, and they are rotated in opposite directions to sandwich the carrot leaf stem between the elastic bodies 36 and pull out. Since the pair of conical rod-shaped elastic bodies 36 have their rotation axes parallel to each other and the diameter in the traveling direction side of the carrot harvester is made thicker than that of the front side of the harvester, the carrots dug out of the elastic body 36. It is transported to the rear of the harvester as it rotates, and falls onto the transport unit 7 through the gap between the elastic bodies 36 having a reduced diameter. It is stored in the basket 27 of the rear storage portion 9 from the transport portion 7.

In this case, since the carrot is pulled out by using the pair of elastic members 36 made of rod-shaped rubber or the like, the width of one line of the pulling device can be narrowed, so that carrots can be cultivated in multiple lines and can be used in many ways. It is possible to harvest by digging.

Further, in the carrot harvester shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, in the digging section 6, a comb-shaped rigid body is rotated above the carrot about a vertical axis to entangle leaves.
This is a structure in which the rigid body is pulled out by sliding it upward.

FIG. 15 is a side view and FIG. 16 is a plan view.
Members having the same functions as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the dug portion 6, a plurality of comb-shaped rigid bodies 37 are provided at equal intervals on the endless belt 38 so as to stand upright in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the rotation locus of the endless belt 38. Each of the comb-shaped rigid bodies 37 can rotate on the endless belt 38. FIG. 17 shows a rotation mechanism diagram of the rigid body 37. The rotating shaft 63 of the rigid body 37 is attached to the through hole 6 of the endless belt 38 by the spring 64.
It is inserted in 5 so that it can expand and contract. Further, the protrusion 67 provided on the rigid body 37 is fitted in the spiral groove 66 provided in the through hole 65 of the endless belt 38. And FIG.
When the rotating body 68 shown in FIG. 6 rotates together with the rotation of the endless belt 38, the circumferential portion of the rotating body 68 presses the tip of the rotating shaft 63 of the rigid body 37. The rotating shaft 63 is pushed in the direction of the endless belt 38 by the spring 64, and in the process of this, the protrusion 67 causes the spiral groove 6 to move.
Since it moves within 6, the rotary shaft 63 rotates. Then, the endless belt 38 rotates as the carrot harvester advances, and the comb-shaped rigid body 37 also rotates.

In this case, the comb-shaped rigid body 37 can be securely formed without causing a pressure difference due to a difference in diameter of carrot petiole.
Can be held with. In addition, a carrot with a small amount of leaves can be grasped without fail. By rotating the comb-shaped rigid body 37, a rotating force can be applied to the carrot about its vertical axis, and the carrot can be easily removed.

[0031]

According to the present invention, when the root vegetable dug up in the dug portion is sandwiched between the pair of plates together with the soil, pressure is uniformly applied to the entire root vegetable, so that the root vegetable can be picked up without pressure loss.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a carrot harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a plan view of the carrot harvester of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a dug portion of the carrot harvester of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a carrot harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a plan view of the carrot harvester of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a carrot harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the carrot harvester of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a drive mechanism and a support mechanism of the pulling belt of the carrot harvester of FIG.

9 is a plan view illustrating a support mechanism of a pulling belt of the carrot harvester of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a plan view illustrating a support mechanism of a pulling belt of the carrot harvester of FIG.

11 is a plan view illustrating a drive mechanism of a pulling belt of the carrot harvester of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a side view of a carrot harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of the carrot harvester of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the dug portion of the carrot harvester of FIG.

FIG. 15 is a side view of a carrot harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention.

16 is a plan view of the carrot harvester of FIG.

FIG. 17 shows a rotation mechanism diagram of a rigid body of the carrot harvester of FIG. 15.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Crawler 2 Axle 3 Vehicle body 5 Driving section 6 Digging section 7 Niping and transporting section 9 Storage section 10 Curved case 11 Plate 13 Plate 14 Wheel 15 Shaft 17 Endless belt like a cage 18 Rotating brush 20 Rotating blade 22 Causing case 23 Lugs 25, 38 Endless belts 27 Baskets 28 Cutters 30 Fixing plates 31 Extraction belts 32 Chain cases 34 Chains 36 Conical elastic bodies 37 Comb rigid bodies 42, 43 Endless belts 44, 45 Bevel gears 47 Support pipes 48 Rotating shafts 50 Sprockets 51 Chains 54 , 55 connecting member 58 body frame 59 upper and lower hydraulic cylinder 60 engine rotating shaft 64 spring 65 through hole 66 spiral groove 67 protrusion

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Seiichi Arima No. 1 Hachikura, Tobe Town, Iyo-gun, Ehime Prefecture

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A side wall surface having opening portions in front of and behind a front portion of a vehicle body, the side wall surface being inclined from the entrance of the front opening portion toward the rear side in a direction of narrowing the width with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle body on one side wall surface. A root dish characterized in that it is provided with a bent case provided only with the bent case and a digging section provided with a root-shaped root vegetable guide section for transferring the digged root vegetable to a rear transport section in the lower portion of the bent case. Harvester.