JPH09237635A - Solid electrolyte fuel cell - Google Patents
Solid electrolyte fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09237635A JPH09237635A JP8040886A JP4088696A JPH09237635A JP H09237635 A JPH09237635 A JP H09237635A JP 8040886 A JP8040886 A JP 8040886A JP 4088696 A JP4088696 A JP 4088696A JP H09237635 A JPH09237635 A JP H09237635A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- reformer
- fuel cell
- fuel
- solid oxide
- high temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、供給された炭化水
素燃料により固体電解質型燃料電池の発電に支障を生じ
ない内部改質型固体電解質型燃料電池モジュールに関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an internal reforming type solid oxide fuel cell module in which the hydrocarbon fuel supplied does not hinder the power generation of the solid oxide fuel cell.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】例えば
メタンを主成分とする天然ガス天然ガス等の炭化水素燃
料と水蒸気とを直接供給して、高温の固体電解質型燃料
電池の燃料極であるニッケル電極で、メタンの水蒸気改
質反応を生じさせ、また、固体電解質型燃料電池で発生
する熱の一部をこの水蒸気改質反応の吸熱反応熱として
利用するようにした技術を内部改質技術と称されてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art For example, a fuel electrode of a high temperature solid oxide fuel cell by directly supplying a hydrocarbon fuel such as natural gas or natural gas containing methane as a main component and steam. Internal reforming technology is a technology in which a nickel electrode causes a steam reforming reaction of methane and a part of the heat generated in a solid oxide fuel cell is used as endothermic reaction heat of this steam reforming reaction. It is called.
【０００３】しかしながら、上記内部改質技術は、固体
電解質型燃料電池では、作動温度が約８００℃から１０
００℃と高く、水蒸気（スチーム）と天然ガス中のＣ
（炭素：カーボン）のモル比であるスチーム／カーボン
比（Ｓ／Ｃ比）が３以上の場合でも、燃料極においてカ
ーボンの発生がみられ、固体電解質型燃料電池に適用す
るには不具合が生じる。However, according to the internal reforming technique, the operating temperature is about 800 ° C. to 10 ° C. in the solid oxide fuel cell.
High at 00 ℃, steam (C) and C in natural gas
Even if the steam / carbon ratio (S / C ratio), which is the molar ratio of (carbon: carbon), is 3 or more, carbon is generated in the fuel electrode, which causes a problem when applied to a solid oxide fuel cell. .
【０００４】このため、従来の固体電解質型燃料電池シ
ステムでは、固体電解質型燃料電池モジュールへ供給す
る前に、改質装置（プリリフォーマ）を設け、供給した
天然ガスを部分的に水蒸気改質反応を起こさせ、燃料ガ
スにした後、固体電解質型燃料電池モジュールに供給す
るようにして、上記不具合を解消している。Therefore, in the conventional solid oxide fuel cell system, a reformer (pre-reformer) is provided before the solid oxide fuel cell module is supplied, and the supplied natural gas is partially subjected to a steam reforming reaction. The above problem is resolved by supplying the solid electrolyte type fuel cell module with the solid electrolyte fuel cell module after causing the gas to generate a fuel gas.
【０００５】従来の固体電解質型燃料電池システムの一
例を図３に示す。図３中、符号０１は発電室、０２はス
タック、０３は燃料供給室、０４は未利用燃料燃焼室、
０５は空気供給室、０６は空気供給管、０７は改質装
置、０８は燃料、０９はスチームリッチ反応ガス、０１
０は高温排気ガス、０１１は空気及び０１２は排気ガス
を各々図示する。An example of a conventional solid oxide fuel cell system is shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 01 is a power generation chamber, 02 is a stack, 03 is a fuel supply chamber, 04 is an unused fuel combustion chamber,
Reference numeral 05 is an air supply chamber, 06 is an air supply pipe, 07 is a reformer, 08 is a fuel, 09 is a steam rich reaction gas, 01
0 represents hot exhaust gas, 011 represents air, and 012 represents exhaust gas.
【０００６】図３において、燃料はモジュール下部に設
置された改質装置０７において、炭化水素系燃料０８、
改質用蒸気及びスチームリッチ反応ガス０９とが水蒸気
改質反応により、水素及び一酸化炭素に改質される。In FIG. 3, the fuel is a hydrocarbon fuel 08 in a reformer 07 installed at the lower part of the module.
The reforming steam and the steam rich reaction gas 09 are reformed into hydrogen and carbon monoxide by a steam reforming reaction.
【０００７】この改質された燃料は燃料供給室０３を経
て発電室０１へ送り、その後スタック０２の下部から供
給され、発電用燃料として利用され、残った未利用燃料
はエゼクタ効果により、前述の改質装置０７に循環再利
用されるとともに、残りは未利用燃料燃焼室０４に導か
れ、排出空気と反応し、高温排気ガス０１０となる。こ
の高温排気ガス０１０はその熱が改質装置０７の加熱用
熱源として利用され、熱が回収された後には、排気ガス
０１２として外部へ放出される。The reformed fuel is sent to the power generation chamber 01 through the fuel supply chamber 03, then supplied from the lower part of the stack 02 and used as the fuel for power generation, and the remaining unused fuel is the above-mentioned due to the ejector effect. While being circulated and reused by the reformer 07, the rest is guided to the unused fuel combustion chamber 04, reacts with the exhaust air, and becomes high temperature exhaust gas 010. The heat of this high-temperature exhaust gas 010 is used as a heat source for heating the reforming device 07, and after the heat is recovered, it is discharged to the outside as exhaust gas 012.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、このような
従来の固体電解質型燃料電池モジュールにおいては、高
温での改質反応となり、改質装置０７におけるカーボン
析出を抑制するために、スチームリッチ反応ガス０９を
多量に循環させる必要があり、燃料供給圧力をエゼクタ
部の圧力損失分だけ高くする動力が必要なこと、また改
質装置用熱源の高温排ガス温度もモジュール運転条件
（燃料利用率、空気利用率）により決まり、改質装置の
運転条件（加熱温度，Ｓ／Ｃ等）を満足できないおそれ
がある。By the way, in such a conventional solid oxide fuel cell module, in order to suppress the carbon deposition in the reformer 07 due to the reforming reaction at high temperature, the steam rich reaction gas is used. 09 must be circulated in a large amount, power to increase the fuel supply pressure by the pressure loss of the ejector section is required, and the high temperature exhaust gas temperature of the reformer heat source is also a module operating condition (fuel utilization rate, air utilization Rate, and the operating conditions (heating temperature, S / C, etc.) of the reformer may not be satisfied.
【０００９】また、このような従来の固体電解質型燃料
電池モジュールにおいては、燃料の炭化水素系燃料を別
置きの改質装置で予め水素及び一酸化炭素を含むガスに
改質するため、外部から加熱用の燃料を供給するか高温
の固体電解質型燃料電池の排ガスを供給する必要があ
る。固体電解質型燃料電池の排気ガスを使用する場合
は、前述したように、温度コントロールが困難で一般の
水蒸気改質反応に必要な水蒸気量よりも多くの水蒸気を
供給する必要がある。Further, in such a conventional solid oxide fuel cell module, a hydrocarbon-based fuel, which is a fuel, is reformed into a gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide in advance by a reforming device provided separately, so that it can be externally supplied. It is necessary to supply the fuel for heating or the exhaust gas of the high temperature solid oxide fuel cell. When the exhaust gas of the solid oxide fuel cell is used, as described above, it is difficult to control the temperature, and it is necessary to supply more steam than the steam amount necessary for a general steam reforming reaction.
【００１０】本発明は、上記問題に鑑み、改質用蒸気量
を低減してシステム効率を向上させるとともに、運用可
能域の広いモジュール構造を提供することを課題とす
る。In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to reduce the amount of steam for reforming to improve system efficiency and to provide a module structure with a wide operable range.
【００１１】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記課題を解決する本発
明の固体電解質型燃料電池は、断熱材で被包された容器
内部に画成された発電室と、該発電室に固体電解質型燃
料電池スタックを配設し、外部から供給された炭化水素
燃料を水蒸気と反応させて水素と一酸化炭素とに改質す
る水蒸気改質触媒を有する高温型改質装置を設けた内部
改質型モジュールにおいて、上記高温型改質装置の上流
側のモジュール燃料入口部に、低温型改質装置を設けて
なることを特徴とする。A solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention which solves the above problems is a power generation chamber defined inside a container covered with a heat insulating material, and a solid electrolyte fuel in the power generation chamber. Internal reforming type module having a high temperature reforming device having a cell stack and having a steam reforming catalyst for reforming hydrocarbon fuel supplied from the outside with steam to reform into hydrogen and carbon monoxide In the above, the low temperature reformer is provided at the module fuel inlet portion on the upstream side of the high temperature reformer.
【００１２】上記固体電解質型燃料電池において、上記
固体電解質型燃料電池スタックの外部に下部側から炭化
水素燃料を供給するものにおいては、上記発電室の下部
に高温型改質装置を設けると共に更に下部に低温型改質
装置を設けてなり、燃焼室からの高温排ガスを上記高温
型改質装置及び低温型改質装置と順次経て排出するとと
共に、外部からの燃料及びスチームリッチ反応ガスを低
温型改質装置及び高温型改質装置に順次供給することを
特徴とする。In the above solid oxide fuel cell, in which hydrocarbon fuel is supplied to the outside of the solid oxide fuel cell stack from the lower side, a high temperature reformer is provided at the lower part of the power generation chamber and further lower part is provided. Is equipped with a low-temperature reformer, which discharges the high-temperature exhaust gas from the combustion chamber through the high-temperature reformer and the low-temperature reformer in sequence, and the external fuel and steam-rich reaction gas from the low-temperature reformer. It is characterized in that it is sequentially supplied to the quality equipment and the high temperature type reformer.
【００１３】上記固体電解質型燃料電池において、上記
固体電解質型燃料電池スタックの内部に上部から炭化水
素燃料を供給するものにおいては、上記発電室の上部に
高温型改質装置を設けると共に更に上部に低温型改質装
置を設けてなり、燃料と水蒸気との混合ガスを上記低温
型改質装置及び高温型改質装置へ順次導くと共に、燃料
排ガスを高温型改質装置及び低温型改質装置に順次経て
排出することを特徴とする。In the above solid oxide fuel cell, in which the hydrocarbon fuel is supplied from above into the solid electrolyte fuel cell stack, a high temperature reformer is provided at the upper part of the power generation chamber and further at the upper part. A low-temperature reformer is provided to sequentially guide the mixed gas of fuel and water vapor to the low-temperature reformer and the high-temperature reformer, and the fuel exhaust gas to the high-temperature reformer and the low-temperature reformer. The feature is that they are sequentially discharged.
【００１４】すなわち、本発明では従来の固体電解質型
燃料電池モジュールにおいて、容器内部の発電室の入口
部に設置さた改質装置の前段に通常の改質触媒よりも低
い温度で改質させる触媒を充填した低温用改質装置を設
け、低Ｓ／Ｃにおいても下流側の改質触媒若しくは固体
電解質型燃料電池の燃料極でのカーボン析出を防止し、
システム効率の向上を図るようにしたものである。That is, according to the present invention, in the conventional solid oxide fuel cell module, a catalyst for reforming at a temperature lower than that of a normal reforming catalyst is provided in a stage before the reformer installed at the inlet of the power generation chamber inside the container. Is provided with a low temperature reforming device to prevent carbon deposition at the reforming catalyst on the downstream side or the fuel electrode of the solid oxide fuel cell even at low S / C,
The system efficiency is improved.
【００１５】本発明では、先ず改質装置の前段で通常の
水蒸気カーボン発電温度より低温で供給された炭化水素
燃料と水蒸気とが反応し、その一部が水素と一酸化炭素
とに変化した燃料ガスに改質される。このときの反応は
「吸熱反応」であり、発生した反応熱は燃料排出室に排
出され、排出燃料より賄われる。これにより、モジュー
ル内部での通常の水蒸気改質反応が起きる際のカーボン
析出のおそれが少なくなり、改質用触媒あるいはセルチ
ューブの長寿命化が図られる。In the present invention, first, the hydrocarbon fuel supplied at a temperature lower than the normal steam carbon power generation temperature in the front stage of the reformer reacts with steam, and a part of the fuel is changed to hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Reformed into gas. The reaction at this time is an "endothermic reaction", and the generated reaction heat is discharged to the fuel discharge chamber and is covered by the discharged fuel. This reduces the risk of carbon deposition when a normal steam reforming reaction occurs inside the module, and extends the life of the reforming catalyst or cell tube.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
を参照して説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１７】＜第１の実施の形態＞図１は本発明の第１
の実施の形態にかかる燃料モジュールの概略図を示す。
図１中、符号１１は発電室、１２は固体電解質型燃料電
池スタック（以下「スタック」という）、１３は燃料供
給室、１４は未利用燃料燃焼室、１５は空気供給室、１
６は空気供給管、１７は高温型改質装置、１８は燃料、
１９はスチームリッチ反応ガス、２０は高温排ガス、２
１は空気、２２は排気ガス及び２３は低温型改質装置を
各々図示する。<First Embodiment> FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a schematic view of a fuel module according to the embodiment of FIG.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 is a power generation chamber, 12 is a solid oxide fuel cell stack (hereinafter referred to as “stack”), 13 is a fuel supply chamber, 14 is an unused fuel combustion chamber, 15 is an air supply chamber, 1
6 is an air supply pipe, 17 is a high temperature reformer, 18 is fuel,
19 is steam rich reaction gas, 20 is high temperature exhaust gas, 2
1 is air, 22 is exhaust gas, and 23 is a low temperature reformer.
【００１８】図１に示すように、本実施の形態の固体電
解質型燃料電池は、断熱材で被包された容器内部に画成
された発電室１１と、該発電室１１内にスタック１２を
配設し、外部から供給された炭化水素燃料１８を水蒸気
と反応させて水素と一酸化炭素とに改質する水蒸気改質
触媒を有する高温型改質装置１７を設けた内部改質型モ
ジュールにおいて、上記高温型改質装置１７の上流側の
モジュール燃料入口部に、低温型改質装置２３を設けて
なるものである。As shown in FIG. 1, the solid oxide fuel cell of the present embodiment has a power generation chamber 11 defined inside a container covered with a heat insulating material, and a stack 12 in the power generation chamber 11. In an internal reforming type module provided with a high temperature type reforming device 17 having a steam reforming catalyst for arranging and reacting a hydrocarbon fuel 18 supplied from the outside with steam to reform into hydrogen and carbon monoxide A low-temperature reformer 23 is provided at the module fuel inlet on the upstream side of the high-temperature reformer 17.
【００１９】すなわち、本実施の形態では、モジュール
内部に従来と同様に水蒸気改質触媒（炭化水素Ｎｉ，Ｒ
ｕ等）を充填した高温型改質装置１７を設置すると共
に、その上流側には燃料電池部及びモジュール内部にお
けるカーボン析出防止を目的とする低温型改質装置２３
を設置してなるものである。そして、該低温型改質装置
２３の触媒としては低温水蒸気改質触媒（炭化水素Ｆ
ｅ，Ｚｎ等）を充填してなり、改質に必要な熱は高温型
改質装置１７からの排ガスを利用している。That is, in the present embodiment, the steam reforming catalyst (hydrocarbons Ni, R
u) and the like are installed in the high temperature reformer 17, and the upstream side thereof is a low temperature reformer 23 for the purpose of preventing carbon deposition in the fuel cell section and the module.
Is installed. The low temperature steam reforming catalyst (hydrocarbon F
e, Zn, etc.), and the heat required for reforming uses the exhaust gas from the high temperature reformer 17.
【００２０】供給される燃料１８は、先ず低温型改質装
置２３にて、その一部が水素及び一酸化炭素に改質さ
れ、高温型改質装置１７に供給される。該高温型改質装
置１７ではさらに所定の割合まで改質が進み、燃料供給
室１３を介して固体電解質型燃料電池スタック１２へ燃
料として供給される。未利用燃料及び発電により生成し
た水蒸気は燃料排出室１３へ排出されるが、一部は改質
用蒸気を賄うためスチームリッチ反応ガス１９として前
述の低温型改質装置２３へ循環される。The supplied fuel 18 is first partially reformed in the low temperature reformer 23 into hydrogen and carbon monoxide and then supplied to the high temperature reformer 17. In the high temperature reformer 17, the reforming progresses further to a predetermined rate and is supplied as fuel to the solid oxide fuel cell stack 12 via the fuel supply chamber 13. The unused fuel and the steam generated by the power generation are discharged to the fuel discharge chamber 13, but a part of the steam is supplied to the reforming steam and is circulated to the above-mentioned low temperature reformer 23 as a steam rich reaction gas 19.
【００２１】残りの未利用燃料及び生成水蒸気は、未利
用燃料燃焼室１４にて未利用空気と燃焼し、高温排気ガ
ス２０となる。該高温排気ガス２０は、高温型改質装置
１７及び低温型改質装置２３にて各々熱回収された後、
系外へ排気ガス２２として排出される。The remaining unused fuel and generated steam are combusted with unused air in the unused fuel combustion chamber 14 to become high temperature exhaust gas 20. The high temperature exhaust gas 20 is heat-recovered by the high temperature reformer 17 and the low temperature reformer 23, respectively,
Exhaust gas 22 is discharged to the outside of the system.
【００２２】よって、上記低温型改質装置２３を設置す
ることにより、固体電解質型燃料電池スタック１２の改
質反応がスムーズに進み、カーボン析出の抑制及びスタ
ック作動電圧の上昇を図ることができる。また、上記低
温型改質装置２３の設置をモジュールの燃料入口部の近
傍とすることにより、該低温用触媒の交換が容易とな
り、装置のメンテナンス性が改善される。Therefore, by installing the low temperature type reformer 23, the reforming reaction of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 12 proceeds smoothly, and it is possible to suppress carbon deposition and increase the stack operating voltage. Further, by disposing the low-temperature reformer 23 near the fuel inlet of the module, the low-temperature catalyst can be easily replaced and the maintainability of the device is improved.
【００２３】カーボン析出は一般に改質用蒸気の炭化水
素燃料に対する割合（スチーム・カーボン比，Ｓ／Ｃ）
が高い程、また，温度が低い程起きにくい。しかしなが
ら、改質用蒸気量が低いと反応が進みにくい欠点があ
る。この対策として、本発明の低温型改質装置２３にお
いては、低温域での改質を行うことにより、下流の高温
型改質装置１７及びスタック１２でのカーボン析出の抑
制が可能となり、システム効率を維持しつつ上記高温型
改質装置１７及びスタック１２の長寿命化を図ることが
できる。Carbon deposition is generally the ratio of reforming steam to hydrocarbon fuel (steam / carbon ratio, S / C).
The higher the temperature is and the lower the temperature is, the less likely it is to occur. However, if the amount of reforming steam is low, there is a drawback that the reaction is difficult to proceed. As a countermeasure against this, in the low temperature reformer 23 of the present invention, by performing reforming in a low temperature range, it becomes possible to suppress carbon deposition in the downstream high temperature reformer 17 and the stack 12, thereby improving system efficiency. It is possible to extend the service life of the high temperature reformer 17 and the stack 12 while maintaining the above.
【００２４】＜第２の実施の形態＞図２は本発明の第２
の実施の形態にかかる燃料モジュールの概略図を示す。
図２中、符号３１は発電室、３２は固体電解質型燃料電
池スタック、１３は高温用改質装置、３４燃料供給管、
３５は燃料燃焼排出室、３６は空気熱交換器、３７空気
排出管、３８は断熱材、３９は上部管板、４０は下部管
板、４１は排気ガス管、４２は燃料と水蒸気との混合ガ
ス、４３は低温型改質装置、４４は反応用空気４５は排
出空気及び４６は燃料排気ガスを各々図示する。<Second Embodiment> FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a schematic view of a fuel module according to the embodiment of FIG.
In FIG. 2, reference numeral 31 is a power generation chamber, 32 is a solid oxide fuel cell stack, 13 is a high temperature reformer, 34 is a fuel supply pipe,
35 is a fuel combustion exhaust chamber, 36 is an air heat exchanger, 37 is an air exhaust pipe, 38 is a heat insulating material, 39 is an upper pipe plate, 40 is a lower pipe plate, 41 is an exhaust gas pipe, and 42 is a mixture of fuel and water vapor. Gas, 43 is a low temperature reformer, 44 is reaction air 45 is exhaust air, and 46 is fuel exhaust gas.
【００２５】図２は第１の実施の形態とは異なり、スタ
ック３２の内側に燃料を流す場合のモジュール構成を示
すものである。第２の実施の形態では、上記スタック３
２の内部に上部から炭化水素燃料を供給する場合におい
て、上記発電室３１の上部に高温型改質装置３３を設け
ると共に更に上部に低温型改質装置４３を設けてなり、
燃料と水蒸気との混合ガス４２を上記低温型改質装置４
３及び高温型改質装置３３へ順次導くと共に、燃料排気
ガス４６を高温型改質装置３３及び低温型改質装置４３
に順次経て排出するようにしたものである。Unlike the first embodiment, FIG. 2 shows a module structure in the case where fuel is flown inside the stack 32. In the second embodiment, the stack 3
In the case where the hydrocarbon fuel is supplied from above into the inside of 2, the high temperature reformer 33 is provided above the power generation chamber 31, and the low temperature reformer 43 is provided further above.
The low-temperature reformer 4 is provided with the mixed gas 42 of fuel and steam.
3 and the high temperature reformer 33, and the fuel exhaust gas 46 is introduced into the high temperature reformer 33 and the low temperature reformer 43.
It is designed to be discharged sequentially.
【００２６】ここで、従来の同様な固体電解質型燃料電
池システムにおいては、図３において示した通り、燃料
と水蒸気との混合ガスはモジュール内部の温改質装置０
７に直接導入され、部分的に改質された後、燃料供給管
を通ってスタック０２の先端へ供給される。また、燃料
０８はスタック０２内を下方より上方へ流れ、この過程
で発電反応に供される。未利用の燃料は、燃料排出室０
３に排出され、その後、モジュール外へ放出される。Here, in a similar conventional solid oxide fuel cell system, as shown in FIG. 3, the mixed gas of fuel and water vapor is used in the temperature reformer 0 inside the module.
7 is directly introduced into the fuel cell 7, partially reformed, and then fed to the tip of the stack 02 through the fuel feed pipe. Further, the fuel 08 flows in the stack 02 from below to above, and is used for power generation reaction in this process. Unused fuel is the fuel discharge chamber 0
3 is discharged to the outside of the module.
【００２７】一方、図２に示す第２の実施の形態では、
反応用空気４４はモジュール下部の空気熱交換器３６で
予熱された後、発電室３１に供給される。反応用空気４
４は、発電室３１内を下方より上方へ流れ、この過程で
発電に必要な酸素を供給する。排出空気４５は空気排出
管３７を通って前述の空気熱交換器３６に導かれ、熱回
収された後、モジュール外部へ排出される。On the other hand, in the second embodiment shown in FIG.
The reaction air 44 is preheated by the air heat exchanger 36 at the lower part of the module and then supplied to the power generation chamber 31. Reaction air 4
4 flows upward from below in the power generation chamber 31, and supplies oxygen necessary for power generation in this process. The exhaust air 45 is guided to the above-mentioned air heat exchanger 36 through the air exhaust pipe 37, recovers heat, and is then exhausted to the outside of the module.
【００２８】本実施の形態では、低温型改質装置４３の
設置により第１の実施の形態と同様に高温型改質装置触
媒及び固体電解質型燃料電池スタックのカーボン析出を
抑制し長寿命化を図ると同時に、改質用蒸気量の低減に
よりシステムの向上が図れる。In the present embodiment, by installing the low temperature reformer 43, carbon precipitation in the high temperature reformer catalyst and the solid oxide fuel cell stack is suppressed to prolong the service life as in the first embodiment. At the same time, the system can be improved by reducing the amount of reforming steam.
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】以上の述べたように、本発明によれば、
固体電解質型燃料電池モジュールの入口部に低温ぷ設置
してなるのでスチーム・カーボン比（Ｓ／Ｃ）が低い場
合でもカーボン析出のおそれがなく、この結果、システ
ム効率が向上すると共に発電効率が向上し、高温型改質
装置触媒及び固体電解質型燃料電池スタックの長寿命化
が図れる。また、低温型改質装置触媒を交換容易な構造
とすることが可能なため、装置のメンテナンス性も改善
することがきる。以上より、本発明では高効率で信頼性
が高く且つメンテナンス性の良好な固体電解質型燃料電
池モジュールを実現できる。As described above, according to the present invention,
Since the low temperature pump is installed at the inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell module, there is no risk of carbon deposition even when the steam / carbon ratio (S / C) is low, resulting in improved system efficiency and power generation efficiency. However, the life of the high temperature reformer catalyst and the solid oxide fuel cell stack can be extended. Further, since the catalyst of the low temperature reformer can be easily replaced, the maintainability of the device can be improved. As described above, the present invention can realize a solid oxide fuel cell module having high efficiency, high reliability, and good maintainability.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態例に係る固体電解質
型燃料電池モジュールの断面概略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solid oxide fuel cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の第２の実施の形態例に係る固体電解質
型燃料電池モジュールの断面概略図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a solid oxide fuel cell module according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】従来の固体電解質型燃料電池モジュールの断面
概略図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional solid oxide fuel cell module.
１１ 発電室 １２ スタック １３ 燃料供給室 １４ 未利用燃料燃焼室 １５ 空気供給室 １６ 空気供給管 １７ 高温型改質装置 １８ 燃料 １９ スチームリッチ反応ガス ２０ 高温排気ガス ２１ 空気 ２３ 排気ガス ２３ 低温型改質装置 11 Power Generation Chamber 12 Stack 13 Fuel Supply Chamber 14 Unused Fuel Combustion Chamber 15 Air Supply Chamber 16 Air Supply Pipe 17 High Temperature Reforming Device 18 Fuel 19 Steam Rich Reaction Gas 20 High Temperature Exhaust Gas 21 Air 23 Exhaust Gas 23 Low Temperature Reforming apparatus
Claims (3)
た発電室と、該発電室に固体電解質型燃料電池スタック
を配設し、外部から供給された炭化水素燃料を水蒸気と
反応させて水素と一酸化炭素とに改質する水蒸気改質触
媒を有する高温型改質装置を設けた内部改質型モジュー
ルにおいて、 上記高温型改質装置の上流側のモジュール燃料入口部
に、低温型改質装置を設けてなることを特徴とする固体
電解質型燃料電池。1. A power generation chamber defined inside a container covered with a heat insulating material, and a solid oxide fuel cell stack disposed in the power generation chamber, and a hydrocarbon fuel supplied from the outside reacts with steam. In the internal reforming type module provided with the high temperature type reformer having the steam reforming catalyst for reforming into hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the low temperature is provided at the module fuel inlet portion on the upstream side of the high temperature type reformer. A solid oxide fuel cell, comprising a type reformer.
おいて、 上記固体電解質型燃料電池スタックの外部に下部側から
炭化水素燃料を供給するに際し、上記発電室の下部に高
温型改質装置を設けると共に更に下部に低温型改質装置
を設けてなり、 燃焼室からの高温排ガスを上記高温型改質装置及び低温
型改質装置と順次経て排出するとと共に、外部からの燃
料及びスチームリッチ反応ガスを低温型改質装置及び高
温型改質装置に順次供給することを特徴とする固体電解
質型燃料電池。2. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a hydrocarbon reforming fuel is supplied from the lower side to the outside of the solid oxide fuel cell stack, a high temperature reformer is installed in the lower portion of the power generation chamber. A high temperature exhaust gas from the combustion chamber is discharged through the high temperature exhaust gas reformer and the low temperature reformer in order, and a low temperature reformer is installed in the lower part. Is sequentially supplied to a low temperature type reformer and a high temperature type reformer.
おいて、 上記固体電解質型燃料電池スタックの内部に上部から炭
化水素燃料を供給するに際し、上記発電室の上部に高温
型改質装置を設けると共に更に上部に低温型改質装置を
設けてなり、 燃料と水蒸気との混合ガスを上記低温型改質装置及び高
温型改質装置へ順次導くと共に、燃料排ガスを高温型改
質装置及び低温型改質装置に順次経て排出することを特
徴とする固体電解質型燃料電池。3. The solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a high temperature reformer is provided in an upper portion of the power generation chamber when the hydrocarbon fuel is supplied from above into the solid oxide fuel cell stack. In addition, a low-temperature reformer is further provided on the upper side, and the mixed gas of fuel and steam is sequentially introduced to the low-temperature reformer and the high-temperature reformer, and the fuel exhaust gas is heated to the high-temperature reformer and the low-temperature reformer. A solid oxide fuel cell, which is characterized in that it is sequentially discharged to a reformer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8040886A JPH09237635A (en) | 1996-02-28 | 1996-02-28 | Solid electrolyte fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8040886A JPH09237635A (en) | 1996-02-28 | 1996-02-28 | Solid electrolyte fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09237635A true JPH09237635A (en) | 1997-09-09 |
Family
ID=12593003
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8040886A Pending JPH09237635A (en) | 1996-02-28 | 1996-02-28 | Solid electrolyte fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09237635A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002298889A (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2002-10-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Solid electrolyte fuel cell system |
| JP2003522087A (en) * | 1998-10-14 | 2003-07-22 | アイダテック・エルエルシー | Fuel processor |
| JP2005234606A (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2005-09-02 | Toshiba Corp | Fixing device |
| JP2005302684A (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-10-27 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Fuel cell power generation system and control method thereof |
| WO2006046426A1 (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2006-05-04 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Steam reforming apparatus and method for steam reforming using the same, and industrial furnace |
| US7157170B2 (en) | 2002-08-23 | 2007-01-02 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Electric power generating apparatus and related method |
| JP2007073357A (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-03-22 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Solid oxide fuel cell |
| JP2009196893A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2009-09-03 | Panasonic Corp | Method for driving hydrogen generating device |
| JP2010184836A (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2010-08-26 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Hydrogen generating device |
| JP2012174543A (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2012-09-10 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Solid oxide fuel cell and temperature distribution adjustment method of solid oxide fuel cell using the same |
| JP2012530352A (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2012-11-29 | シエル・インターナシヨナル・リサーチ・マートスハツペイ・ベー・ヴエー | System and method for operating a fuel cell system |
-
1996
- 1996-02-28 JP JP8040886A patent/JPH09237635A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003522087A (en) * | 1998-10-14 | 2003-07-22 | アイダテック・エルエルシー | Fuel processor |
| JP2002298889A (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2002-10-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Solid electrolyte fuel cell system |
| US7157170B2 (en) | 2002-08-23 | 2007-01-02 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Electric power generating apparatus and related method |
| JP2005302684A (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-10-27 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Fuel cell power generation system and control method thereof |
| JP4970949B2 (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2012-07-11 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Steam reformer, steam reforming method using the same, and industrial furnace |
| WO2006046426A1 (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2006-05-04 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Steam reforming apparatus and method for steam reforming using the same, and industrial furnace |
| JPWO2006046426A1 (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2008-05-22 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Steam reformer, steam reforming method using the same, and industrial furnace |
| JP2005234606A (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2005-09-02 | Toshiba Corp | Fixing device |
| JP2007073357A (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-03-22 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Solid oxide fuel cell |
| JP2010184836A (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2010-08-26 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Hydrogen generating device |
| JP2009196893A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2009-09-03 | Panasonic Corp | Method for driving hydrogen generating device |
| JP2012530352A (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2012-11-29 | シエル・インターナシヨナル・リサーチ・マートスハツペイ・ベー・ヴエー | System and method for operating a fuel cell system |
| JP2012174543A (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2012-09-10 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Solid oxide fuel cell and temperature distribution adjustment method of solid oxide fuel cell using the same |
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