JPH09255384A - Production of super lightweight aggregate - Google Patents
Production of super lightweight aggregateInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09255384A JPH09255384A JP8707496A JP8707496A JPH09255384A JP H09255384 A JPH09255384 A JP H09255384A JP 8707496 A JP8707496 A JP 8707496A JP 8707496 A JP8707496 A JP 8707496A JP H09255384 A JPH09255384 A JP H09255384A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- specific gravity
- particle size
- pellets
- weight
- pellet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102100026816 DNA-dependent metalloprotease SPRTN Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101710175461 DNA-dependent metalloprotease SPRTN Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011372 high-strength concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018540 Si C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000003141 anti-fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940125777 fusion inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005332 obsidian Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005335 volcanic glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/027—Lightweight materials
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、カーテンウォール
等のコンクリート構造物に用いられる軽量コンクリート
用の骨材として適用可能な超軽量骨材の製造方法に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing an ultralight aggregate that can be used as an aggregate for lightweight concrete used in concrete structures such as curtain walls.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年の構造物の超高層化、および量産住
宅用のカーテンウォール板の大型化に伴い、気乾比重が
１．０〜１．４、圧縮強度が３００ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2以上
の軽量コンクリートが望まれている。このような軽量コ
ンクリートを実現するには、絶乾比重が０．８以下、圧
壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ以上の超軽量骨材が必要となる。2. Description of the Related Art With the recent increase in the structure of super high-rise structures and the increase in the size of curtain wall plates for mass-produced houses, the air-dry specific gravity is 1.0 to 1.4 and the compressive strength is 300 kgf / cm 2 or more. Concrete is desired. In order to realize such lightweight concrete, it is necessary to use an ultralight aggregate having an absolute dry specific gravity of 0.8 or less and a crush strength of 80 kgf or more.
【０００３】従来、超軽量骨材の製造方法として、特公
昭６３−１２１８６号公報には、抗火石、流紋岩の如き
火山ガラス質鉱物を、２０μｍ以下の粒子が７０％以上
の微粉末となし、これに発泡材および粘着材を加えて造
粒し、１０００〜１３００℃にて焼成発泡させることを
特徴とする超軽量骨材の製造法が開示されている。ま
た、特開平６−５６４８９号公報には、抗火石、シラ
ス、流紋岩の如き火山ガラス鉱物を微粉砕（１０μｍ以
下）し、これに発泡剤を加えて緻密組織に造粒し焼成す
る方法、微粉砕を湿式で行い水分を１８〜２５重量％、
特に好ましくは２０〜２２重量％に調節して造粒機を用
いてチクソトロピー現象を起こさせながら緻密な組織に
造粒して焼成する方法、並びに湿式微粉砕物をフィルタ
ープレスで脱水して、乾燥、粉砕、造粒し、焼成する高
強度コンクリート用軽量骨材の製造方法が開示されてい
る。Conventionally, as a method for producing an ultralight aggregate, Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 63-12186 discloses volcanic glassy minerals such as anti-firestone and rhyolite as fine powder having particles of 20 μm or less and 70% or more. None, there is disclosed a method for producing an ultralight aggregate characterized by adding a foaming material and an adhesive material to the mixture, granulating the mixture, and firing and foaming the mixture at 1000 to 1300 ° C. Further, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-56489, a method in which a volcanic glass mineral such as anti-firestone, shirasu, and rhyolite is finely pulverized (10 μm or less), and a foaming agent is added to this to granulate into a dense structure and fire Finely pulverizing with a wet method to obtain a water content of 18 to 25% by weight,
Particularly preferred is a method in which the content is adjusted to 20 to 22% by weight and a thixotropy phenomenon is caused by using a granulator to granulate a fine structure to be fired, and a wet finely ground product is dehydrated by a filter press and dried. , A method of producing a lightweight aggregate for high strength concrete, which comprises crushing, granulating and firing.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記特公昭６３−１２
１８６号公報に記載された製造法で製造された超軽量骨
材は、比重が０．４〜０．８５であり、これを用いるこ
とによりコンクリートの軽量化は可能である。しかしな
がら、軽量コンクリートに適用可能な圧壊強度が８０ｋ
ｇｆ以上のものは得られがたく、また、得られたとして
も焼成温度を厳密にコントロールする必要があり、実用
的でない。また、上記特開平６−５６４８９号公報に記
載された製造方法で製造された高強度コンクリート用軽
量骨材は、パン型回転造粒機とドラム型造粒機の併用が
必要であったり、チクソトロピー現象が起こるまで滞留
させる必要があるなど製造に手間がかかる。また、得ら
れる骨材は、強度は十分高いが、絶乾比重が１．０前後
であり軽量化の効果が小さい。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-12
The ultralight aggregate manufactured by the manufacturing method described in Japanese Patent No. 186 has a specific gravity of 0.4 to 0.85, and by using this, the weight of concrete can be reduced. However, the crush strength applicable to lightweight concrete is 80k.
It is not practical to obtain gf or more, and even if it is obtained, the firing temperature must be strictly controlled. Further, the lightweight aggregate for high-strength concrete manufactured by the manufacturing method described in JP-A-6-56489 requires the combined use of a pan-type rotary granulator and a drum-type granulator, or thixotropy. It takes time and effort to manufacture it because it needs to stay until the phenomenon occurs. Further, the obtained aggregate has a sufficiently high strength, but has an absolute dry specific gravity of about 1.0, and the effect of weight reduction is small.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】そこで、本発明者等は、
絶乾比重が０．８以下で、かつ、圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ
以上の超軽量骨材が安定して得られる簡便な製造方法に
ついて鋭意研究した結果、造粒して得られるペレットの
配合およびペレットの平衡乾燥状態での嵩比重を管理す
ればよいとの知見を得、本発明を完成した。Means for Solving the Problems Accordingly, the present inventors have
Absolute dry specific gravity of 0.8 or less and crush strength of 80 kgf
As a result of earnest research on a simple production method in which the above ultra-light aggregate is stably obtained, the finding that it is sufficient to manage the blending of pellets obtained by granulation and the bulk specific gravity of the pellets in the equilibrium dry state Then, the present invention was completed.
【０００６】即ち本発明は、流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物、発
泡剤および粘着材を混合、造粒して得られるペレットを
乾燥し、粒度調整後、焼成する超軽量骨材の製造方法に
おいて、（１）ペレットが、平均粒径１０〜４０μｍの
流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物１００重量部、発泡剤０．５〜
２．０重量部および粘着材１５〜３０重量部からなり、
（２）該ペレットの乾燥は平衡乾燥状態となるまで行
い、（３）該ペレットの粒度調整後の粒径が５〜１５ｍ
ｍで、かつ、嵩比重が１．５〜２．３であり、（４）焼
成温度が９００〜１３００℃である、ことを特徴とする
超軽量骨材の製造方法である。That is, the present invention relates to a method for producing an ultralight aggregate in which pellets obtained by mixing and granulating a rhyolite glassy mineral, a foaming agent and an adhesive material are dried, the particle size is adjusted, and the pellet is fired. (1) Pellets are 100 parts by weight of rhyolite glassy minerals having an average particle size of 10 to 40 μm and a foaming agent of 0.5 to
2.0 parts by weight and 15 to 30 parts by weight of adhesive material,
(2) The pellets are dried until the equilibrium dry state is reached, and (3) the particle size of the pellets after particle size adjustment is 5 to 15 m.
m, the bulk specific gravity is 1.5 to 2.3, and (4) the firing temperature is 900 to 1300 ° C., which is a method for producing an ultralight aggregate.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明の超軽量骨材の製造過程の概略は、図１のフロー
チャートに示すように、乾燥後平均粒径が１０〜４０μ
ｍとなるように粉砕又は粉砕後粒度調整した流紋岩系ガ
ラス質鉱物、発泡剤および粘着材を混合し、得られた混
合物を造粒し、得られたペレットを平衡乾燥状態になる
まで乾燥後、粒径が５〜１５ｍｍの範囲になるように粒
度調整し、粒度調整されたペレットにつき嵩比重測定を
行なうことにより、嵩比重が１．５〜２．３のペレット
を得、それを９００〜１３００℃で焼成するものであ
る。ここで、平衡乾燥状態のペレットとは、含水状態の
ペレットを１００〜２００℃で恒量になるまで乾燥し、
室温まで冷却した状態のペレットのことをいう。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below.
The outline of the manufacturing process of the ultralight aggregate of the present invention is as shown in the flowchart of FIG.
The rhyolitic glassy mineral, which has been pulverized or pulverized to have a particle size of m, is mixed with a foaming agent and an adhesive, the resulting mixture is granulated, and the resulting pellet is dried to an equilibrium dry state. After that, the particle size is adjusted so that the particle size is in the range of 5 to 15 mm, and the bulk specific gravity is measured on the particle size adjusted pellet to obtain a pellet having a bulk specific gravity of 1.5 to 2.3. It is baked at 1300 ° C. Here, the pellet in the equilibrium dry state means that the pellet in the water-containing state is dried at 100 to 200 ° C. to a constant weight,
It refers to pellets that have been cooled to room temperature.
【０００８】本発明でいう流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物とし
て、例えば、真珠岩や黒曜石を含むマレカナイト、抗火
石等が挙げられる。ペレット原料としての流紋岩系ガラ
ス質鉱物は、流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物塊を乾燥後、平均粒
径が１０〜４０μｍ、好ましくは１５〜３０μｍになる
ように粉砕した粉末又は粉砕後粒度調整した粉末であ
る。流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物の平均粒径が１０μｍ未満で
は、ペレットの平衡乾燥状態での嵩比重が２．３を越
え、緻密性が高いため、焼成時の発泡の際、内部クラッ
クが生じやすくなり、超軽量骨材の圧壊強度が８０ｋｇ
ｆ未満になる。また、流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物の平均粒径
が４０μｍを越えると、ペレットの平衡乾燥状態での嵩
比重が１．５未満となり、緻密性が低いため、焼成時の
発泡の際、内部の気泡が拡大し内部欠陥としての空隙と
なり、超軽量骨材の圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ未満になる。
なお、流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物の粉砕は、例えば、ロール
ミル、ボールミル等の粉砕機を用いて行えばよい。ま
た、粒度調整を行う場合は、例えば、ターボクラスファ
ィヤー等の分級機を用いて行えばよい。さらに、流紋岩
系ガラス質鉱物の平均粒径の測定は、例えば、マイクロ
ンサイザー等の粒度分布測定装置を用いて行えばよい。Examples of rhyolitic glassy minerals used in the present invention include malecanite containing pearlite and obsidian, anti-firestones and the like. The rhyolite glassy mineral as a raw material for pellets is a powder obtained by drying a rhyolite glassy mineral lump and then pulverizing it so as to have an average particle size of 10 to 40 μm, preferably 15 to 30 μm, or adjusting the particle size after crushing. It is a powder. If the average particle size of the rhyolite glassy mineral is less than 10 μm, the bulk density of the pellet in equilibrium dry state exceeds 2.3, and the denseness is high, so internal cracks are likely to occur during foaming during firing. And the crush strength of ultra-lightweight aggregate is 80kg.
It becomes less than f. Further, when the average particle size of the rhyolite glassy mineral exceeds 40 μm, the bulk specific gravity of the pellets in the equilibrium dry state becomes less than 1.5, and the compactness is low, so that when the foaming during firing, the internal The bubbles expand and become voids as internal defects, and the crush strength of the ultralight aggregate becomes less than 80 kgf.
The rhyolite glassy mineral may be crushed using a crusher such as a roll mill or a ball mill. Further, when the particle size is adjusted, for example, a classifier such as a turbo class firer may be used. Furthermore, the average particle size of the rhyolite glassy mineral may be measured using, for example, a particle size distribution measuring device such as Micronsizer.
【０００９】上記流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物に、発泡剤およ
び粘着材を添加して混合する。発泡剤としては、Ｓｉ
Ｃ、Ｓｉ3Ｎ4等が挙げられるが、ＳｉＣが特に好まし
い。粘着材としては、ケイ酸ナトリウム、ベントナイト
等が挙げられるが、ケイ酸ナトリウムが特に好ましい。A foaming agent and an adhesive material are added to and mixed with the rhyolite glassy mineral. As a foaming agent, Si
C, Si 3 N 4 and the like can be mentioned, but SiC is particularly preferable. Examples of the adhesive material include sodium silicate and bentonite, and sodium silicate is particularly preferable.
【００１０】発泡剤は、流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物１００重
量部に対して、０．５〜２．０重量部添加する。発泡剤
の添加量が流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物１００重量部に対して
０．５重量部未満では、超軽量骨材の絶乾比重が０．８
を越える。また、発泡剤の添加量が流紋岩系ガラス質鉱
物１００重量部に対して２．０重量部を越えると、超軽
量骨材の圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ未満になる。The foaming agent is added in an amount of 0.5 to 2.0 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of rhyolite glassy mineral. If the amount of the foaming agent added is less than 0.5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rhyolite glassy mineral, the ultralight specific gravity of the ultralight aggregate is 0.8.
Beyond. When the amount of the foaming agent added exceeds 2.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of rhyolite glassy mineral, the crush strength of the ultralight aggregate becomes less than 80 kgf.
【００１１】粘着材は、流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物１００重
量部に対して、１５〜３０重量部添加する。粘着材の添
加量が流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物１００重量部に対して１５
重量部未満では、ペレットの造粒が困難となるうえ、ペ
レットの平衡乾燥状態での嵩比重が１．５未満となり、
緻密性が低いため、焼成時の発泡の際、内部の気泡が拡
大し内部欠陥としての空隙となり、超軽量骨材の圧壊強
度が８０ｋｇｆ未満になる。また、粘着材の添加量が流
紋岩系ガラス質鉱物１００重量部に対して３０重量部を
越えると、ペレットの平衡乾燥状態での嵩比重が２．３
を越え、緻密性が高いため、焼成時の発泡の際、内部ク
ラックが生じやすくなり、超軽量骨材の圧壊強度が８０
ｋｇｆ未満になる。The adhesive is added in an amount of 15 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of rhyolite glassy mineral. The amount of adhesive added is 15 per 100 parts by weight of rhyolite glassy minerals.
If it is less than 1 part by weight, granulation of the pellet becomes difficult, and the bulk specific gravity of the pellet in the equilibrium dry state becomes less than 1.5,
Since the compactness is low, the bubbles inside expand and become voids as internal defects during foaming during firing, and the crush strength of the ultralight aggregate becomes less than 80 kgf. When the amount of the adhesive material added exceeds 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the rhyolite glassy mineral, the bulk specific gravity of the pellets in the equilibrium dry state is 2.3.
Since it has a high degree of compactness, internal cracks are likely to occur during foaming during firing, and the crush strength of the ultralight aggregate is 80
It becomes less than kgf.
【００１２】流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物、発泡剤および粘着
材の混合は、例えば、スパルタンリューザー、パン型ミ
キサ等を用いて行えばよい。The rhyolite glassy mineral, the foaming agent and the adhesive material may be mixed by using, for example, a Spartan Luzer, a pan type mixer or the like.
【００１３】次に、流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物、発泡剤およ
び粘着材の混合物にペレットの含水率が、好ましくは、
１５〜２５重量％となるように水を添加しながら、例え
ば、パン型ペレタイザー等の造粒機や、ディスクペレッ
ター等の押し出し造粒機を用いて造粒する。ここで、パ
ン型ペレタイザー等の造粒機を用いる場合は、回転数を
制御することでペレットの平衡乾燥状態の嵩比重が１．
５〜２．３になるように調整することができる。また、
ディスクペレッター等の押し出し造粒機を用いる場合
は、押し出し速度と押し出し圧力を制御することでペレ
ットの平衡乾燥状態の嵩比重が１．５〜２．３になるよ
うに調整することができる。Next, the mixture of rhyolite glassy mineral, foaming agent and adhesive material preferably has a water content of pellets of
While adding water to 15 to 25% by weight, granulation is performed using, for example, a granulator such as a pan pelletizer or an extrusion granulator such as a disc pelleter. Here, when a granulator such as a pan type pelletizer is used, the bulk specific gravity of the pellets in the equilibrium dry state is controlled by controlling the rotation speed.
It can be adjusted to be 5 to 2.3. Also,
When an extrusion granulator such as a disc pelleter is used, the bulk specific gravity of the pellets in the equilibrium dry state can be adjusted to 1.5 to 2.3 by controlling the extrusion speed and the extrusion pressure.
【００１４】次に平衡乾燥状態のペレットを、ＪＩＳ規
格に適合する５ｍｍおよび１５ｍｍの篩を用いて、粒径
が５〜１５ｍｍとなるように篩い分けする。ここで５〜
１５ｍｍ以外の粒径のペレットは、平均粒径が１０〜４
０μｍになるように粉砕して混合工程に戻し原料の一部
として使用しても良い。Next, the pellets in the equilibrium dry state are sieved using a 5 mm and 15 mm sieve conforming to the JIS standard so as to have a particle size of 5 to 15 mm. 5 here
Pellets with a particle size other than 15 mm have an average particle size of 10 to 4
It may be ground to 0 μm and returned to the mixing step to be used as a part of the raw material.
【００１５】平衡乾燥状態のペレットは、嵩比重が１．
５〜２．３でなければならない。嵩比重が１．５未満で
は、ペレットの緻密性が低いため、焼成時の発泡の際、
内部の気泡が拡大し内部欠陥としての空隙となり、超軽
量骨材の圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ未満になる。また、平衡
乾燥状態のペレットの嵩比重が２．３を越えると、ペレ
ットの緻密性が高いため、焼成時の発泡の際、内部クラ
ックが生じやすくなり、超軽量骨材の圧壊強度が８０ｋ
ｇｆ未満になる。The pellets in the equilibrium dry state have a bulk specific gravity of 1.
Must be 5-2.3. If the bulk specific gravity is less than 1.5, the denseness of the pellets is low, so that when foaming during firing,
The bubbles inside expand and become voids as internal defects, and the crush strength of the ultralight aggregate becomes less than 80 kgf. If the bulk specific gravity of the equilibrium dried pellets exceeds 2.3, the denseness of the pellets makes the internal cracks more likely to occur during foaming during firing, and the crush strength of the ultralight aggregate is 80k.
It is less than gf.
【００１６】また、造粒時、ペレットの含水率が１５重
量％未満では、造粒が困難になるうえ、平衡乾燥状態で
の嵩比重が１．５未満となりやすくなるので好ましくな
い。また、ペレットの含水率が２５重量％を越えると、
隣接したペレット同士の団粒が生じて、粒形を保てなく
なるうえ、平衡乾燥状態での嵩比重が２．３を越えやす
くなるので好ましくない。When the water content of the pellets is less than 15% by weight during granulation, the granulation becomes difficult and the bulk specific gravity in the equilibrium dry state tends to be less than 1.5, which is not preferable. If the water content of the pellets exceeds 25% by weight,
Aggregates of adjacent pellets are formed, the grain shape cannot be maintained, and the bulk specific gravity in the equilibrium dry state easily exceeds 2.3, which is not preferable.
【００１７】平衡乾燥状態のペレツトの嵩比重の測定
は、「ＪＩＳ Ａ １１３５（構造用軽量粗骨材の比重
及び吸水率試験方法）」に準じて測定する。なお、平衡
乾燥状態での嵩比重が１．５〜２．３以外のペレット
は、平均粒径が１０〜４０μｍになるように粉砕して混
合工程に戻し原料として使用しても良い。The bulk specific gravity of the pellets in the equilibrium dry state is measured according to "JIS A 1135 (Testing method for specific gravity and water absorption rate of structural lightweight coarse aggregate)". The pellets having a bulk specific gravity other than 1.5 to 2.3 in the equilibrium dry state may be pulverized to have an average particle diameter of 10 to 40 μm and returned to the mixing step to be used as a raw material.
【００１８】次に、上記平衡乾燥状態の嵩比重が１．５
〜２．３である乾燥ペレットを９００〜１３００℃、好
ましくは、１０００〜１２５０℃で焼成する。焼成温度
が９００℃未満では、十分な発泡が生じず、超軽量骨材
の絶乾比重が０．８を越える。また、焼成温度が１３０
０℃を越えると、超軽量骨材の圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ未
満になる。焼成時間は、５〜１５分間が好ましい。Next, the bulk specific gravity in the equilibrium dry state is 1.5.
The dried pellets of ~ 2.3 are calcined at 900-1300 ° C, preferably 1000-1250 ° C. If the firing temperature is lower than 900 ° C., sufficient foaming does not occur and the ultralight specific gravity of the ultralight aggregate exceeds 0.8. The firing temperature is 130
If it exceeds 0 ° C, the crush strength of the ultralight aggregate will be less than 80 kgf. The firing time is preferably 5 to 15 minutes.
【００１９】なお、必要に応じて、融着防止剤を添加し
て焼成してもよい。融着防止剤としては、水酸化アルミ
ニウム、酸化アルミニウム等が挙げられる。If necessary, an anti-fusion agent may be added and the mixture may be fired. Examples of the fusion preventing agent include aluminum hydroxide and aluminum oxide.
【００２０】焼成は、従来からあるロータリーキルン等
の焼成装置を使用して行えばよいが、外熱式キルンで
は、融着防止剤を用いなくても、融着のない良好な超軽
量骨材が得られるので好ましい。Firing may be carried out by using a conventional kiln such as a rotary kiln. However, in the external heating kiln, a good ultralight aggregate without fusion is obtained without using a fusion inhibitor. It is preferable because it can be obtained.
【００２１】[0021]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を比較例と共に挙げ、
本発明をより詳細に説明する。EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below together with comparative examples.
The present invention will be described in more detail.
【００２２】１．使用材料 使用した材料を以下に示す。 流紋岩系ガラス質鉱物；奥尻産マレカナイト 発泡剤 ；ＳｉＣ（太平洋ランダム(株)製） 粘着材 ；けい酸ソーダ３号（日本化学工業(株)製） 奥尻産マレカナイトは、乾燥後ボールミルを用いて平均
粒径が１０〜４０μｍとなるように粉砕した。表１に、
奥尻産マレカナイトの平均粒径を示す。なお、平均粒径
の測定は、サンシン企業社製のマイクロンサイザーを用
いた。1. Materials used The materials used are shown below. Rhyolite glassy minerals; Malekanite from Okushiri Foaming agent; SiC (manufactured by Pacific Random Co., Ltd.) Adhesive; Sodium silicate No. 3 (manufactured by Nippon Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) Malekanite from Okushiri uses a ball mill after drying. And pulverized so that the average particle size becomes 10 to 40 μm. In Table 1,
The average particle size of the malekanite from Okushiri is shown. A Micronsizer manufactured by Sanshin Enterprise Co., Ltd. was used to measure the average particle size.
【００２３】２．配合およびペレットの嵩比重の測定 上記使用材料を表１に示す配合割合で、不二パウダル社
製スパルタンリューザーに投入し、５分間混合した。混
合後、不二パウダル社製パン型ペレタイザーを用いてペ
レットの含水率が１５〜２５重量％になるように水を噴
霧しながら、回転数８．５ｒｐｍでペレットを造粒し
た。なお、一部の配合については、不二パウダル社製デ
ィスクペレッター（Ｆ−２０型）を用いて押し出し造粒
を行った。得られたペレットを１５０℃で平衡乾燥状態
になるまで乾燥した後、ＪＩＳ規格に適合する５ｍｍお
よび１５ｍｍの篩を用いて、粒径が５〜１５ｍｍとなる
ように篩い分け、その後、平衡乾燥状態での嵩比重を
「ＪＩＳ Ａ １１３５（構造用軽量粗骨材の比重及び
吸水率試験方法）」に準じて測定した。各ペレットの嵩
比重を表１に併記した。2. Mixing and Measurement of Bulk Specific Gravity of Pellets The above-mentioned materials at the mixing ratios shown in Table 1 were put into a Spartan Luzer manufactured by Fuji Paudal and mixed for 5 minutes. After mixing, the pellets were granulated at a rotation speed of 8.5 rpm while spraying water using a bread type pelletizer manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co. so that the water content of the pellets was 15 to 25% by weight. In addition, about some compounding, the extrusion pelletization was performed using the disk pelleter (F-20 type) by a Fuji Paudal company. After drying the obtained pellets at 150 ° C. until it becomes equilibrium dried, it is sieved to a particle size of 5 to 15 mm using a 5 mm and 15 mm sieve conforming to JIS standards, and then equilibrium dried The bulk specific gravity was measured according to "JIS A 1135 (Testing method for specific gravity and water absorption rate of lightweight coarse aggregate for structure)". The bulk specific gravity of each pellet is also shown in Table 1.
【００２４】３．焼成および軽量骨材の性状 上記平衡乾燥状態のペレットをロータリーキルンを使用
して、８８０〜１３２０℃で焼成した。得られた軽量骨
材の絶乾比重を「ＪＩＳ Ａ １１３５（構造用軽量粗
骨材の比重及び吸水率試験方法）」に準じて測定した。
また、オリエンテック社製材料試験機を用いて圧壊強度
を測定した。なお、圧壊強度は粒径が１４ｍｍの骨材５
０個の平均値とした。各軽量骨材の絶乾比重および圧壊
強度を表１に併記した。3. Calcination and Properties of Lightweight Aggregate The pellets in the equilibrium dry state were calcined at 880 to 1320 ° C. using a rotary kiln. The absolute dry specific gravity of the obtained lightweight aggregate was measured according to "JIS A 1135 (Test method for specific gravity and water absorption rate of structural lightweight coarse aggregate)".
In addition, the crush strength was measured using a material testing machine manufactured by Orientec. The crushing strength is an aggregate 5 with a particle size of 14 mm.
The average value of 0 pieces was used. The absolute dry specific gravity and crush strength of each lightweight aggregate are also shown in Table 1.
【００２５】[0025]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２６】実施例１〜３は、平衡乾燥状態でのペレッ
トの嵩比重を変えて評価を行ったものであるが、平衡乾
燥状態でのペレットの嵩比重が本発明で規定する１．５
〜２．３の範囲では、絶乾比重が０．８以下で、かつ、
圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ以上の超軽量骨材が得られた。一
方、比較例１に示すように平衡乾燥状態での嵩比重が大
きい２．３５のものは、圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ未満であ
った。また、比較例２に示すように平衡乾燥状態での嵩
密度が小さい１．４３のものは、圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ
未満であった。In Examples 1 to 3, the bulk specific gravity of the pellets in the equilibrium dry state was changed and evaluated. The bulk specific gravity of the pellets in the equilibrium dry state was 1.5 as defined by the present invention.
In the range of to 2.3, the absolute dry specific gravity is 0.8 or less, and
An ultralight aggregate having a crushing strength of 80 kgf or more was obtained. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example 1, the crush strength of 2.35 having a large bulk specific gravity in the equilibrium dry state was less than 80 kgf. In addition, as shown in Comparative Example 2, 1.43 having a small bulk density in the equilibrium dry state has a crushing strength of 80 kgf.
Was less than.
【００２７】実施例４〜５は、焼成温度を変えて評価を
行ったものであるが、焼成温度が本発明で規定する９０
０〜１３００℃の範囲では、絶乾比重が０．８以下で、
かつ、圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ以上の超軽量骨材が得られ
た。一方、比較例３に示すように焼成温度の低い８８０
℃のものは、絶乾比重が０．８を越えた。また、比較例
４に示すように焼成温度の高い１３２０℃のものは、圧
壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ未満であった。Examples 4 to 5 were evaluated by changing the firing temperature, and the firing temperature was 90 as specified in the present invention.
In the range of 0 to 1300 ° C, the absolute dry specific gravity is 0.8 or less,
Moreover, an ultralight aggregate having a crushing strength of 80 kgf or more was obtained. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example 3, 880 having a low firing temperature
The one having a temperature of ℃ exceeded 0.8 in specific gravity. In addition, as shown in Comparative Example 4, the one having a high firing temperature of 1320 ° C. had a crushing strength of less than 80 kgf.
【００２８】実施例６〜７は、奥尻産マレカナイトの平
均粒径を変えて評価を行ったものであるが、平均粒径が
本発明で規定する１０〜４０μｍの範囲では、絶乾比重
が０．８以下で、かつ、圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ以上の超
軽量骨材が得られた。一方、比較例５に示すように奥尻
産マレカナイトの平均粒径の小さい８μｍのものは、圧
壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ未満であった。また、比較例６に示
すように奥尻産マレカナイトの平均粒径の大きい４２μ
ｍのものは、圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ未満であった。Examples 6 to 7 were evaluated by changing the average particle size of Okushiri-made malecanite. When the average particle size was in the range of 10 to 40 μm specified in the present invention, the absolute dry specific gravity was 0. An ultralight aggregate of 0.8 or less and a crush strength of 80 kgf or more was obtained. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example 5, the maleucanite from Okushiri having a small average particle size of 8 μm had a crushing strength of less than 80 kgf. In addition, as shown in Comparative Example 6, maleusite from Okushiri has a large average particle size of 42 μm.
The sample of m had a crushing strength of less than 80 kgf.
【００２９】実施例８〜１３は、ＳｉＣの配合割合およ
びけい酸ソーダの配合割合を変えて評価を行ったもので
あるが、本発明で規定する奥尻産粘土１００重量部に対
してＳｉＣ０．５〜２．０重量部およびけい酸ソーダ１
５〜３０重量部の範囲では、絶乾比重が０．８以下で、
かつ、圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ以上の超軽量骨材が得られ
た。一方、比較例７に示すようにＳｉＣの配合割合の小
さい０．４重量部のものは、絶乾比重が０．８を越え
た。また、比較例８に示すようにＳｉＣの配合割合の大
きい２．１重量部のものは、圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ未満
であった。さらに、比較例９に示すようにけい酸ソーダ
の配合割合の小さい１４重量部のものは、圧壊強度が８
０ｋｇｆ未満であった。また、比較例１０に示すように
けい酸ソーダの配合割合の大きい３１重量部のものは、
圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ未満であった。Examples 8 to 13 were evaluated by changing the compounding ratio of SiC and the compounding ratio of sodium silicate, but 0.5% of SiC was added to 100 parts by weight of Okushiri clay defined in the present invention. ~ 2.0 parts by weight and sodium silicate 1
In the range of 5 to 30 parts by weight, the absolute dry specific gravity is 0.8 or less,
Moreover, an ultralight aggregate having a crushing strength of 80 kgf or more was obtained. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example 7, in the case of 0.4 parts by weight having a small SiC compounding ratio, the absolute dry specific gravity exceeded 0.8. Further, as shown in Comparative Example 8, the crush strength of 2.1 parts by weight with a large proportion of SiC was less than 80 kgf. Further, as shown in Comparative Example 9, 14 parts by weight of a low proportion of sodium silicate has a crushing strength of 8
It was less than 0 kgf. Further, as shown in Comparative Example 10, 31 parts by weight of a large proportion of sodium silicate is
The crush strength was less than 80 kgf.
【００３０】実施例１４は、押し出し造粒によりペレッ
トを造粒したものであるが、押し出し造粒で造粒した場
合でも本発明の範囲で製造したものは絶乾比重が０．８
以下で、かつ、圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ以上の超軽量骨材
が得られた。In Example 14, pellets were granulated by extrusion granulation, but even if granulation was carried out by extrusion granulation, the one produced within the range of the present invention had an absolute dry specific gravity of 0.8.
Below, an ultralight aggregate having a crushing strength of 80 kgf or more was obtained.
【００３１】[0031]
【発明の効果】本発明の超軽量骨材の製造方法によれ
ば、軽量コンクリートに使用可能な、絶乾比重が０．８
以下、かつ、圧壊強度が８０ｋｇｆ以上の超軽量骨材を
簡便な方法で安定して製造することができる。EFFECT OF THE INVENTION According to the method for producing an ultralight aggregate of the present invention, the absolute dry specific gravity which can be used for lightweight concrete is 0.8.
Below, it is possible to stably manufacture a super lightweight aggregate having a crushing strength of 80 kgf or more by a simple method.
【図１】 本発明の超軽量骨材の製造方法のフローチャ
ートである。FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an ultralight aggregate of the present invention.
Claims (1)
着材を混合、造粒して得られるペレットを乾燥し、粒度
調整後、焼成する超軽量骨材の製造方法において、
（１）ペレットが、平均粒径１０〜４０μｍの流紋岩系
ガラス質鉱物１００重量部、発泡剤０．５〜２．０重量
部および粘着材１５〜３０重量部からなり、（２）該ペ
レットの乾燥は平衡乾燥状態となるまで行い、（３）該
ペレットの粒度調整後の粒径が５〜１５ｍｍで、かつ、
嵩比重が１．５〜２．３であり、（４）焼成温度が９０
０〜１３００℃である、ことを特徴とする超軽量骨材の
製造方法。1. A method for producing an ultralight aggregate, which comprises mixing pellets obtained by mixing and granulating a rhyolite glassy mineral, a foaming agent and an adhesive material, adjusting the particle size, and then firing.
(1) The pellet is composed of 100 parts by weight of rhyolite glassy mineral having an average particle size of 10 to 40 μm, 0.5 to 2.0 parts by weight of a foaming agent and 15 to 30 parts by weight of an adhesive material, and (2) The pellets are dried until the equilibrium dry state is reached, and (3) the particle size of the pellets after particle size adjustment is 5 to 15 mm, and
Bulk specific gravity is 1.5 to 2.3, and (4) firing temperature is 90.
It is 0-1300 degreeC, The manufacturing method of the super lightweight aggregate characterized by the above-mentioned.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8707496A JPH09255384A (en) | 1996-03-18 | 1996-03-18 | Production of super lightweight aggregate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8707496A JPH09255384A (en) | 1996-03-18 | 1996-03-18 | Production of super lightweight aggregate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09255384A true JPH09255384A (en) | 1997-09-30 |
Family
ID=13904806
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8707496A Pending JPH09255384A (en) | 1996-03-18 | 1996-03-18 | Production of super lightweight aggregate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09255384A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009161388A (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2009-07-23 | Taiheiyo Materials Corp | High fluidity lightweight mortar composition |
-
1996
- 1996-03-18 JP JP8707496A patent/JPH09255384A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009161388A (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2009-07-23 | Taiheiyo Materials Corp | High fluidity lightweight mortar composition |
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