JPH09257536A - False detection prevention device of grain flow rate measuring device in threshing device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) Abstract: To prevent erroneous detection of a grain flow rate measuring device to be processed in the threshing device 3. SOLUTION: A capacitance type sensor 45 (46) for flow rate measurement is arranged at a grain passage point of a chaff sheave 18 and / or a grain pan 21 of an oscillating sorting mechanism 5, and a first receiver arranged below it is arranged. On the surface of the grain board of the gutter 23, the capacitance type sensor 50 for moisture correction is erected. In addition, a grain culm passage detection sensor 71 is provided in the grain culm transporting path such as the entrance side of the handling room 10, and after the grain culm passage detection sensor 71 detects that no grain culm has passed, a predetermined time elapses. Even if there is, the controller unit determines that the detection value of the capacitance type sensor 45 (46) is outputting a signal that there is a grain stem,
Since it can be determined that the capacitance type sensor is out of order or that a large amount of water droplets are attached to the surface of the capacitance type sensor, it is necessary for the operator to confirm that the capacitance type sensor is defective. Activate the alarm to notify.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an erroneous detection preventing device for measuring the flow rate of a granular object to be processed such as threshing grains in a self-propelled self-decombining combine and stationary threshing device per unit time. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a granular object to be threshed in a handling room in a threshing device such as a combine is a rocking / sorting mechanism provided below the handling room and a front lower part thereof. It is sorted into grain and straw waste by the sorting wind by the placed Kara Min Juan, and the grain as the fine grain is collected in the most gutter, while the second reduced products such as the branch shoot attached grain and the spike cutting grain are The waste is collected in a guard trough, and is returned from the second reduction thrower to the handling room through a second reduction cylinder for reprocessing.

In this case, if the amount of threshing per unit time is too large, the amount of the second reduced product increases accordingly, and the amount of treatment in the handling chamber becomes too large, resulting in an overload condition. Detecting this condition reduces the amount of grain culm supplied to the handling room, changes the inclination angle of the chaff sheave in the swing selection mechanism with respect to the horizontal, and reduces the forward speed of the combine to reduce the amount of threshing. In order to do so,
The publication discloses that an ultrasonic sensor is provided in the second reducing cylinder to measure the flow rate of grain in the second reducing cylinder per unit time.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-8480 proposes that a capacitance type sensor is arranged on an inclined plate for grain selection in a swing sorting machine to determine the presence or absence of falling grain. However, it was not yet possible to measure the amount of grain flow. Therefore, the applicant has previously filed Japanese Patent Application No.
-310198 and the like, in the capacitance type sensor,
Even non-conductive materials (dielectrics) that have no free charge,
When this is brought close to the electrode, polarization occurs in which charges move at the molecular level of the dielectric (insulator), and as a result, the capacitance of the electrode changes depending on the amount of the dielectric (insulator). We proposed to measure the flow rate of grain such as paddy, which is an electrical insulator, by using the phenomenon of increase and decrease. That is, by arranging a capacitance type sensor on a rocking plate such as a swing selection mechanism in the threshing device or a receiving gutter below it, and detecting the layer thickness of the grain flowing down on the rock plate. It was proposed that the grain flow rate per unit time be accurately measured and reflected in the selection control of threshing treatment.

[0005]

However, in the threshing device, when the grain culm to be threshed is wet with morning dew or rain, when threshing is performed, even if the grain flow rate is the same, grains such as grains to be detected are not detected. Due to the amount of water retained, it may cause erroneous detection such as the capacitance detected by the capacitance sensor becoming abnormally high.
There has been a problem that the control of the rocking sorting and the wind sorting cannot be correctly executed.

The present invention has been made to solve this problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a preventive device capable of reliably preventing an erroneous detection by a capacitance type sensor.

[0007]

Therefore, the prevention device of the grain flow rate measuring device in the threshing device according to the first aspect of the invention is provided with a swing sorting mechanism and a first grain at the lower position below the handling chamber. In a threshing device such as a combine equipped with a grain receiving gutter, at the location of the rocking and sorting mechanism, it is necessary to measure the electrostatic capacitance that changes depending on the passing amount of the granular processed material such as grain passing therethrough. While arranging the capacitance type sensor configured in the above, in the grain culm transport path to the handling room, a grain culm passage detection sensor is arranged, and when no grain culm is detected by the grain culm passage detection sensor, When the detection value of the electrostatic capacitance type sensor indicates the grain flow rate value after a certain period of time, it is determined that the detection is an erroneous detection, and a control means for issuing an alarm is provided.

[0008]

That is, according to the present invention, the detection result of the grain culm passage detection sensor provided in the grain culm conveying path, such as a portion for supplying grain culms to the handling room of the threshing device, is an ON output signal (when there is a grain culm). Signal), the grain culms to be processed are introduced into the threshing device, so after a certain time, the grain passing through the grain is passed by the capacitance type sensor arranged at the grain passing position of the swing selection mechanism in the threshing device. The flow rate can be detected.

On the other hand, the detection result of the grain culm passage detection sensor is O
If it is an FF output signal (a signal without grain culm), the grain culm should be processed by the threshing device and no grain should pass through the location of the capacitance type sensor after a predetermined time. However, even after the lapse of the predetermined time, when it is determined that the detection value of the capacitance type sensor is outputting a signal that there is a grain, whether the capacitance type sensor is out of order, Alternatively, it can be judged that a large amount of water droplets are attached to the surface of the capacitance type sensor, and in any case, it is inappropriate to use the detection result for the capacitance type sensor, so it is not appropriate for the operator. An alarm is issued to notify that a malfunction has occurred in the capacitance type sensor.

As a result, the operator can inspect the location of the capacitance type sensor and take action such as failure or removal of water droplets, and continue threshing work due to an incorrect detection result of the capacitance type sensor. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of threshing selection failure due to.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a combine will be described. FIG. 1 is a side view of a traveling machine body 1 of a combine having a pair of left and right traveling crawlers 2, and FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the threshing device 3 on the traveling machine body 1, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG.

A threshing device 3 is mounted on the left side in the traveling direction of the traveling machine body 1, and a cutting pretreatment device 4 which can be moved up and down by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) is arranged at the front part of the traveling machine body 1. A clipper-type cutting device 5 is provided on the lower side of the lower frame of the pre-cutting device 4, and a grain culm raising device 6 for six rows is arranged in the front side, and a front end of a feed chain 7 in the grain culm raising device 6 and the threshing device 3 is arranged. A grain culm transporting device is disposed between and, and a grass body 9 projects in the lower front of the grain culm raising device 6.

The handling cylinder 11 in the handling room 10 of the threshing device 3
Are arranged along the traveling direction of the traveling body 1, and the tip portion of the grain culm conveyed while being clamped at the root by the feed chain 7 arranged at the left end of the handling chamber 10 is used as the handling cylinder 11.
Is threshed on the underside of. A crimping net 14 is provided in the processing chamber 12 below the handling room 10 except for the dust outlet 13, and the processing object leaking from the crimping net 14 is moved downward in the traveling direction of the traveling machine 1. It is received by a pair of feed pans 16 and 17 in a swing sorting mechanism 15 swinging forward and backward along the same, and undergoes swing sorting by a chaff sheave 18. At that time, the object to be processed is subjected to the wind selection by the dust blower fan 20 that blows to the Karawan fan 19 and the feed pans 16 and 17 of the front and rear pairs below it, from the Glen pan 21 and the selection net 22 toward the most receiving gutter 23 direction. To fall. A processing drum 29 is arranged on the side of the handling chamber 10, and a part of the object to be processed is sent in the direction of the processing drum 29 at the rear side of the handling drum 11, and is further threshed.

The second processed material dropped from the rear chaff sheave of the swinging sorting mechanism 15 is received by a second receiving gutter 24,
The screw conveyor 24a and the second reduction conveyor 2
It is discharged onto the sieve line 26 via 5 and undergoes another sorting. The grains that have become fine grains by the swing sorting and the wind sorting are collected in the grain tank 27 via the screw conveyor 23a of the first receiving trough 23, and carried out of the machine via the discharge auger 28. . The dust in the processing chamber 12 is discharged outside the machine by the suction fan 30, and the straw inherited at the rear end of the feed chain 7 is discharged to the rear of the traveling machine 1 in a long state via the straw chain 31. Alternatively, it is discharged after being appropriately cut by the straw cutter 33. Reference numeral 32 denotes an operator's cab arranged on the front right side of the traveling body 1.

In the processing chamber 12, supported by links,
The chaff sheave 18 in the swing selection mechanism 15, which swings back and forth by a swing actuator (not shown), is used in the processing chamber 1.
2. A plurality of fins 36 made of narrow plates, which are long in the direction substantially perpendicular to the swinging direction, are arranged in parallel between the left and right side plates 35, 35 arranged along the one side plate 12a and the other side plate 12b. Arrange them, and attach the pivot pins at the left and right upper ends of each fin 36 to each side plate 3
5, the pivot pins at the lower left and right sides of each fin 36 are rotatably connected to the chaff connecting bar 37, and the turning lever mechanism 38 connected to the chaff connecting bar 37 is connected to the wire. The fan-shaped gear 40 in the opening degree control means is connected via 39, and the pinion gear 42 of the opening degree control motor 41 is meshed with the fan-shaped gear 40. Then, when the opening degree control motor 41 is rotated in the forward rotation direction, the chaff connecting bar 37 is moved rearward so as to increase the inclination angle of the fin 36 with respect to the horizontal plane, and the selection wind from the Karafu Juan 15 is directed upward and obliquely rearward. When the amount of air to be passed is increased and the opening degree control motor 41 is rotated in the reverse rotation direction, the chaff connecting bar 37 is moved forward so as to reduce the inclination angle of the fin 36 with respect to the horizontal plane, and the chaff connecting bar 37 moves from It is controlled so that the amount of air that passes the sorted air upward and obliquely backward is reduced (see FIG. 5).

Then, on the upper surface side of the inclined grain pan 21 above and / or below the midway portion of the chaff sheave 18 in the swing selecting mechanism 15, there is a static pressure for detecting the flow rate of the grain passing through those points. Capacitive sensor 4
Place 5,46. On the other hand, on the upper surface side of the shed board in the first receiving trough 24, a capacitance type sensor 50 for correcting the displacement of the capacitance due to the water content of the threshed grain is arranged (see FIGS. 3 and 6). ). In this case, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, each of the capacitance type sensors 45, 46, 50 has one electrode portion 52a and the other electrode on the surface of the substrate 51 made of an electrically insulating material such as ceramics. The portions 52b are arranged in a flat plate shape so as to be arranged in a comb shape in a plan view. In this case, the comb-teeth portions of the electrode portions 52a and 52b are arranged in mesh with each other so as to be positioned in the gaps between the comb-teeth portions of the other, and the comb-teeth portions of the adjacent electrode portions 52a and 52b are Arrange them so that there is a gap between them as appropriate. In other words, the pair of comb-teeth-shaped electrode portions 52a and 52b formed along the wide surface of the air-insulating substrate 51 are arranged such that the tips of the comb-teeth portions are located on the base side of the other comb-teeth portion. It is configured to be inserted. The direction of flow of the granular material to be processed (arrow E in FIG. 7) is the same as that of the electrode portions 52a, 52a.
It may be arranged to extend substantially along the longitudinal direction of each comb tooth portion of b. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, each capacitance type sensor may be arranged so as to intersect at right angles with the longitudinal direction of the comb tooth portion. May be. The surface of each electrode portion of each capacitance type sensor is covered with a film 53 made of synthetic resin, for example, polypropylene or polyimide resin (see FIG. 9) to prevent deterioration of the electrode due to humidity or the like. Preferably.

These capacitance type sensors 45, 46, 5
0 means that the substrate 51 or a support plate 54 having the substrate 51 attached to the surface thereof is erected on the surface of a shedding board (the Glen pan 21 or the receiving gutter board) so that the wide surface thereof extends along the grain flow direction. As a result, by measuring the increase change in the capacitance of the portion where the grain layer 55 having the layer thickness H1 flowing down extends over the one electrode portion 52a and the other electrode portion 52b, Moreover, the grain flow rate per unit time can be measured. When the capacitance type sensor 45 is arranged above the middle part of the chaff sheave 18, the side plate 3 of the swing selecting mechanism 15 is arranged.
A capacitance type sensor 45 is attached to a bracket (not shown) protruding from 5.

On the surface of the inclined first receiving trough 23, grains are collected so as to collect and pass granular objects such as grains toward the capacitance-type sensor 50 for moisture correction. A pair of left and right guide plates 5 as guiding means for guiding
6a and 56b are arranged in a substantially inverted "C" shape in a plan view, and the capacitance type sensor 50 for moisture correction is erected on the downstream side where the arrangement interval of the pair of left and right guide plates 56a and 56b is short. Yes (see FIGS. 6 and 10). Thus, if the capacitance type sensor 50 for moisture correction is erected on the downstream side of the pair of left and right guide plates 56a and 56b as the guiding means, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, the granular processing objects such as the falling grain can be collected at one place, and the thickness H2 of the layer 54 thereof can be made larger than the height of the capacitance-type sensor 50 for moisture correction. Therefore, the electrostatic capacitance value of the granular processing object such as grains flowing down at a constant flow rate that completely fills the wide surface of the vertically installed electrostatic capacitance type sensor 50 for moisture correction can be quickly and surely obtained. It can be detected.

FIG. 12 shows, as a representative of one capacitance type sensor 46, a first embodiment of a measuring circuit diagram (block diagram) thereof. An alternating electric field is applied by connecting one electrode 52a side of the capacitive sensor 46 and one electrode of a comparison (reference) capacitor sensor 57 to the oscillation circuit 60. In this case, the electrostatic capacity of the comparison capacitor 57 does not change depending on the use environment such as temperature and humidity, and it goes without saying that the granular object is not passed, and the so-called reference electrostatic capacity is used. It is a sensor to know, usually
Use a capacitor with a specified capacitance value.

Then, the detection signal from the other electrode 52b of the capacitance type sensor 46 is converted into a capacitance / voltage conversion circuit (C
/ V conversion) 61a to convert the detected capacitance into a voltage, and then input the voltage to the voltage comparison circuit 62. Similarly, a detection signal from the other electrode of the comparison (reference) capacitor 57 is converted into a capacitance / voltage conversion circuit (C / V conversion).
The detected electrostatic capacitance is converted into a voltage through 61b and then input to the voltage comparison circuit 62 to measure the electrostatic capacitance of the reference capacitor 57.
It is input to the differential amplifier circuit 63 in order to obtain the output value of the difference between the voltage values.

Similarly, the capacitance type sensor 5 for moisture correction
An AC electric field is applied by connecting one electrode 52a of 0 and one electrode of the capacitor sensor 58 for comparison (for reference) to the oscillation circuit 60. Capacitor sensor 5 in this case
8 also has a capacitance that does not change depending on the use environment such as temperature and humidity. Then, the detection signal from the other electrode 52b of the capacitance sensor 50 for moisture correction is converted into a voltage through the capacitance / voltage conversion circuit (C / V conversion) 64a. After that, the voltage comparison circuit 6
Enter in 5. Similarly, after the detection signal from the other electrode of the comparison (reference) capacitor 58 is converted into a voltage through the electric capacitance / voltage conversion circuit (C / V conversion) 64b, , Input to the voltage comparison circuit 65,
It is input to the differential amplifier circuit 66 in order to obtain the output value of the difference in voltage value of the capacitance sensor 50 for moisture correction with respect to the capacitance of the reference capacitor 58.

Then, the output signals of both the differential amplifier circuits 63 and 66 are input to the microcomputer type controller unit 67, and the water retention amount of the falling grain and its flow rate are calculated. That is, in the differential amplifier circuit 66, since the change value of the electrostatic capacity due to the water content of the grain at a constant flow rate, for example, 100, is obtained, the output of the differential amplifier circuit 66 itself gives the moisture content of the grain. You can numerically calculate the magnitude relationship of the holding amount. Then, by comparing the detection value obtained by the other differential amplification circuit 63 (the detection value for the one having the same water content but the unknown flow rate) with the detection value of the differential amplification circuit 66, The flow rate of grain passing through the grain pan 21 per unit time can be measured.

When the controller unit 67 determines that the water content is large, the controller unit 67 determines that the moist material has been cut, and the air of the dust blower fan 20 and / or the sardine lees 19 is sent to send a larger air flow than usual. An actuator (not shown) is operated so as to proportionally increase the opening area of the suction port. In addition, the controller unit 6
In step 7, it is determined that the grain flow rate is large, or when the voltage value is low, it is determined that the grain flow rate is small, and the predetermined drive circuit 68 is operated to drive the actuator 69. For example, when the grain flow rate to the receiving trough 23 is too large, the inclination angle of the fin 36 in the swing selection mechanism 5 is reduced to reduce the grain leakage amount, and conversely, when the flow rate is too small, the fin flow rate is reduced. The open degree control motor 41 for increasing or decreasing the angle of the fins 36 is driven such that the leakage angle is increased by increasing the inclination angle of 36, while the display meter 70 displays the state. .

In addition, for example, when the flow rate of the object to be treated in the second reducing conveyor 25 becomes large, the traveling speed of the combine is reduced to reduce the amount of threshing, and the fin 36 of the swing selection mechanism 15 is set up. If the flow rate of the object to be treated is small, the traveling speed of the combine is increased to increase the grain threshing amount, and further the swing sorting is performed. Even if control is performed such that the vibration frequency or vibration amplitude of the mechanism 15 is increased to increase the swing selection action, or the rotation speed of the Karafu Juan 19 is increased to increase the grain selection capability per unit time. good.

On the other hand, a grain culm passage detection sensor 71 is arranged in the entrance side of the handling room 10 or in a grain culm transporting path such as the grain stalks transporting device 8 in the pre-mowing treatment device 4, and the detection output signal is output from the controller unit. Enter in 67. An alarm device 72 such as a buzzer is connected to the output terminal of the controller unit 678. Then, when the grain culm passage detection sensor 71 detects the absence of grain culm, the fact that a certain time has elapsed from that is measured by a timer built in the controller unit 67 or an external timer, and the certain time has elapsed. Also, when the detection value of the capacitance type sensor 45 (46) indicates the grain flow rate value, the controller unit 67
Determines that it is an erroneous detection and activates an alarm to notify the operator.

In this way, the detection result of the grain culm passage detection sensor 71 provided in the grain culm conveying path, such as a portion for supplying grain culms to the threshing room of the threshing device, is an ON output signal (a signal with grain culm). ), The grain culm to be treated is introduced into the threshing device, and after a certain period of time has passed, the grain culm is passed by the capacitance type sensor arranged at the grain passage portion of the swing selection mechanism in the threshing device. While the flow rate of the grain can be detected, if a predetermined (constant) time has elapsed, the grain culm should be processed by the threshing device, and there should be no grain to pass through the location of the capacitance type sensor. .

However, even after the predetermined time has passed,
When it is determined that the detection value of the capacitance type sensor 45 (46) is outputting a signal that a grain is present, the capacitance type sensor is out of order, or the capacitance type sensor It can be judged that a lot of water droplets are attached to the surface,
In any case, it is not appropriate to use the detection result for the capacitance type sensor, so an alarm is issued to inform the operator that the capacitance type sensor has a defect.

As a result, the operator can inspect the location of the capacitance type sensor and take action such as failure or removal of water droplets, and continue threshing work due to an incorrect detection result of the capacitance type sensor. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of threshing selection failure due to. In the second embodiment of the measuring circuit shown in FIG. 13, one of the electrodes 52a of the capacitance type sensor 46 for measuring the flow rate of the granular object to be measured and one of the capacitance type sensor 50 for moisture correction are used. The oscillation circuit 60 is connected to the electrode portion 52a, an AC electric field is applied, and a detection signal from the other electrode portion 52b of the capacitance type sensor 46 is passed through the capacitance / voltage conversion circuit (C / V conversion) 61a. hand,
The detected capacitance is converted into a voltage and then input to the voltage comparison circuit 62. Similarly, the detected capacitance from the other electrode portion 52b of the capacitance type sensor 50 for moisture correction is converted into a voltage through the capacitance / voltage conversion circuit (C / V conversion) 61b. After conversion, the voltage comparison circuit 6
2, and the capacitance sensor 4 for measuring the capacitance of the capacitance sensor 50 for moisture correction at a constant flow rate.
In order to obtain the output value of the difference between the voltage values of 6, the differential amplifier circuit 63
To enter. In this case, even if the capacitance-type sensor 50 for water content correction cannot directly measure the water content, the capacitance may change due to fluctuations in the flow rate of grains having the same water content. The differential amplifier circuit 63 uses the difference between the detection values of the capacitance sensors 46 and 50 by utilizing the fluctuation of the capacitance of the shape sensor 46 to determine the flow rate of the grain at the passing location per unit time. Can be measured. The rest of the configuration of the measuring circuit is the same as that of the first embodiment, so the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a combine.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the combine.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the threshing apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the opening degree control means of the chaff sheave.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of essential parts of a Glen pan and a first receiving gutter portion.

FIG. 7 is a front view of the first embodiment of the capacitance type sensor.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a second embodiment of the capacitance type sensor.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line IX-IX of FIGS. 8 and 9.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing an arrangement state of the moisture correcting capacitance type sensor in the first receiving gutter portion.

11 is a side view taken along the line XI-XI of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a measuring circuit using a capacitance type sensor.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of a measuring circuit using a capacitance type sensor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Threshing device 15 Swing selection mechanism 18 Chaf sheave 21 Glen pan 23 Ichiban receiving gutter 45, 46, 50 Capacitive sensor 51 Substrate 52a, 52b Electrode part 63, 66 Differential amplifier circuit 67 Controller unit 71 Grain ditch passage detection sensor 72 Alarm

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A threshing device such as a combine, which comprises a rocking / sorting mechanism and a first grain receiving trough located below it in a lower part of a handling chamber. While placing a capacitance type sensor configured to measure the capacitance that changes depending on the passing amount of a granular processing object such as a passing grain, the grain culm is provided in the grain culm conveying path to the handling room. A passage detection sensor is arranged, and when no grain culm is detected by the grain culm passage detection sensor, if the detection value of the capacitance type sensor shows a grain flow rate value after a certain time after that, it is determined to be an erroneous detection. And a control means for issuing an alarm to provide an erroneous detection preventing device for a grain flow rate measuring device in a threshing device.