JPH0928126A - Cam drive structure of transplanter - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] Even when an inertial force acts when a main cam follower 61 is pushed by a pushing surface portion 62b of a main cam 62,
Stop the cam jump. SOLUTION: A posture changing cam driving means H for swinging a guide plate 59 in the latter half of the backward movement to change the swing arm from a substantially downward posture to a posture facing the seedling tray 2 is provided with a main cam follower 61 on the guide plate. Main cam 62 having immovable surface portion 62a and pushing surface portion 62b protruding radially outward from this immovable surface portion
Is provided on the rotary shaft 51, the main cam and the main cam follower are brought into contact with each other to allow the guide plate to swing, and the guide plate is provided with the normal cam follower 63 facing the main cam follower with the rotary shaft interposed therebetween. A cam cam restrictor is provided which is provided adjacent to the main cam and is capable of abutting against the main cam follower, and prevents the main cam follower, which is radially outwardly pushed by the pushing surface portion, from separating from the pushing surface portion on the side cam. The surface portion 64a is formed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cam drive structure applicable to a transplanter or the like for transplanting vegetables such as cabbage, lettuce, Chinese cabbage and broccoli.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in a vegetable transplanter, seedlings are grown in a seedling tray having pots in a vertical and horizontal lattice arrangement.
Soiled seedlings are taken out from the pot section and transplanted. This kind of vegetable transplanter is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-3302.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 11, the main components are a pair of seedling take-out pawls capable of plunging into soiled seedlings in a pot portion of a seedling tray, and a pair of claws provided at the tip apart from each other. A support, a pair of claw guides for guiding the forward and backward movement of a pair of seedling picking claws, a holding body for reciprocally supporting the claw support and the claw guide, and a claw for reciprocating the claw support and the claw guide. And an operating mechanism.

[0003] Then, the seedling picking nail is inserted into the soiled seedling from the tip side of the leaf and then withdrawn to take out the soiled seedling from the opening of the pot portion, and the taken out soiled seedling is transferred to above the planting device. Then, after setting the nail support and the nail guide in a substantially downward posture corresponding to the planting cylinder, move the nail guide to the tip side of the seedling picking nail, and detach the soiled seedling taken out by the seedling picking nail from the seedling picking nail. Then, it is designed to be dropped and supplied to the planting device.

[0004]

In the transplanter, the reciprocating strokes are in the same locus, and the seedling take-out claws are rushed into the soil-grown seedlings from the tip side of the leaves, so that the seedling take-out claws may damage the leaves. . Therefore, as shown in the comparative example of FIG. 15 (b), the tip of the seedling take-out nail is moved so as to draw a substantially 8-shaped locus, and the seedling take-out nail is brought closer to the bottom of the soil-bearing seedling leaves. Then, a technology has been developed in which the seeds are picked up by forward movement and taken out, and after the detachment of the soil-bearing seedlings, the leaves are swept back at high speed while preventing damage to the leaves of the soil-bearing seedlings.

That is, the seedling take-out nail 4 is moved back and forth with respect to the seedling tray, the position is changed up and down, and the posture is changed from forward to downward, so that the seedling take-out nail 4 is located below the leaves with respect to the soiled seedling. Scoop up and stab the soiled seedling to remove it, and after taking it out, descend from the upper side to the rear lower side, release the soiled seedling from the seedling picking claw, raise it after leaving the soiled seedling and move forward and cross the forward trajectory. , It is designed to move into the lower part of the soiled seedling while rapidly changing its posture.

As described above, in order to change the posture such that the tip of the seedling take-out nail is picked up in the shape of a figure-like locus, the seedling take-out nail has to be moved in the latter half of the backward movement different from the initial movement. Instead, such an operation is achieved by swinging a member supporting the seedling picking claw with a cam. In the transplanter, higher speed is required to improve workability, and in the case of the above-mentioned cam operation, if there is a part where the speed changes suddenly,
The inertial force may cause the cam follower to separate from the cam peripheral surface of the cam, so-called cam fly, which may cause the seedling picking claw to be dislocated from the proper track or may give an impact to each part of the mechanism.

In view of such various problems, the present invention provides a main cam follower and a normal cam follower as a guide plate for changing the seedling take-out pawl from a substantially downward position to a seedling tray facing position by swinging in the latter half of the returning direction. The main cam follower is substantially abutted to the main cam follower at a position opposite to the position where the main cam follower contacts the main cam with respect to the rotary shaft. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cam drive structure for an implanter capable of restricting the separation of the main cam from the main cam.

[0008]

The first specific means for solving the problems in the present invention is to use the soiled seedlings 5 on the seedling tray 2.
Seedling take-out claw 4 that can be rushed into the holder, a holder 9 that supports the seedling take-out claw 4, and a holder 9 that is pivotally supported by the support frame 14.
The swinging arm 54 that reciprocates relative to the seedling tray 2 while pivotally supporting the seedling tray 2 and the posture of the seedling take-out claw 4 that is pivotally supported by the support frame 14 and moves forward when the holding body 9 moves forward. A guide plate 59 for changing the posture toward the seedling tray to a substantially downward posture facing the planting cylinder 43 of the planting device 35.
And a posture changing cam drive means H for swinging the guide plate 59 in the latter half of the returning motion of the swinging arm 54 to change the seedling take-out pawl 4 from the substantially downward posture to the seedling tray-facing posture, The attitude changing cam driving means H is provided with a main cam follower 61 on the guide plate 59, and the main cam peripheral surface has a stationary surface portion 62a.
A main cam 62 having a pressing surface portion 62b radially outwardly protruding from the non-moving surface portion 62a is provided on the rotating shaft 51, and a main cam peripheral surface of the main cam 62 and the main cam follower 61 are brought into contact with each other to guide them. The plate 59 is made swingable, and the guide plate 59 is provided with a normal cam follower 63 that faces the main cam follower 61 with the rotary shaft 51 interposed therebetween. The rotary cam 51 is adjacent to the main cam 62, and the peripheral cam peripheral surface has a normal cam follower. The main cam follower 61, which is radially outwardly pushed by the pushing surface portion 62b, is prevented from separating from the pushing surface portion 62b by providing the side cam 64 capable of contacting with 63. That is, the cam jumping restricting surface portion 64a is formed.

As a result, even if the inertial force acts when the main cam follower 61 is pushed by the pushing surface portion 62b of the main cam 62, the main cam follower 63 contacts the side cam 64, and the main cam follower 61 moves. Separation from the main cam 62 is restricted, and cam jumping is prevented even in a portion where there is a sudden change in speed. A second specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is to take out the soil-grown seedlings 5 by plunging and leaving the soil-grown seedlings 5 in the soil-grown seedlings 5 of the seedling tray 2, and to seedling the seedling-pickup nails 4. While moving away from the tray 2, the posture facing the seedling tray is changed to a substantially downward posture facing the planting cylinder 43 of the planting device 35, and the soil-embedded seedling 5 is detached from the seedling extracting claw 4 facing the planting barrel 43. After that, the seedling taking-out nail 4 is moved back, and at the latter stage of this returning, the seedling taking-out nail 4 is changed from the substantially downward posture to the seedling tray-oriented posture through the posture changing cam driving means H, so that the soiled seedling 5 becomes a leaf. In the transplanter that is approached from below, the posture changing cam drive means H is provided with a main cam follower 61 on a guide plate 59 that supports the seedling take-out pawl 4 and is pivotally supported by a pin 54B. The immovable surface portion 62a and a pusher projecting radially outward from the immovable surface portion 62a. Surface 62
The main cam 62 having the angle b is provided on the rotary shaft 51, and the main cam peripheral surface of the main cam 62 and the main cam follower 61 are brought into contact with each other to make the guide plate 59 swingable. A main cam follower 63 is provided to face the main cam follower 61 with the main cam 62 interposed therebetween, and the main cam 62 is adjacent to the main shaft 62 on the rotary shaft 51, and the main cam peripheral surface can contact the main cam follower 63.
4 is provided, and the main cam follower 6 is pushed radially outward by the pushing surface portion 62b on the circumferential cam peripheral surface of the trailing cam 64.
That is, the cam jumping restricting surface portion 64a for restricting the distance 1 from the pushing surface portion 62b is formed.

As a result, when the seedling pick-up claw 4 is moved back along a path that is different from the forward path and intersects on the way, and the attitude is changed via the attitude changing cam drive means H in the latter stage of the returning motion, The cam follower 61 is a pushing surface portion 62b of the main cam 62.
Even if an inertial force is applied when the main cam follower 63 contacts the side cam 64, the main cam follower 61 is prevented from separating from the main cam 62, and cam jumping is prevented. The take-out claw 4 is moved smoothly.

A third concrete means for solving the problems in the present invention is, in addition to the first or second concrete means, a projecting portion in which a circumferential cam peripheral surface of the above-mentioned regular cam 64 projects radially outward. 6
4b is provided at two places, and the positions of the two protruding portions 64b are substantially equilateral triangles with the pushing surface portion 62b of the main cam 62. As a result, the rotational balance between the two main and sub cams 62, 64 is improved, and the vibration of the device is reduced.

In addition to the first or second specific means, a fourth specific means for solving the problems in the present invention is such that the main cam peripheral surface of the main cam 62 and the main cam follower 61 are in contact with each other. That is, there is a small gap between the peripheral cam peripheral surface of the secondary cam 64 and the secondary cam follower 63. As a result, even if the main cam 62 is slightly worn, the seedling take-out claw 4 is moved normally, the progress of wear is stopped, and the master-slave cam is easily assembled.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 14, the vegetable transplanter 21
Is the steering wheel 20 at the rear of the traveling vehicle (traveling body) 22.
It is a walking type having a ridge and running in the longitudinal direction across the ridges while planting the seedlings 5 with soil at a predetermined interval in the ridges covered with the mulch film.

The traveling vehicle 22 includes a device frame 23 and a pedestal 24 and the like provided at the front end of the device frame 23. The front portion of the device frame 23 is bent downward and fixed to the side of the pedestal 24. The rear portion is bent upward, and the steering handle 20 is attached to the rear portion. An engine 25 is mounted on the gantry 24, the engine 25 is covered with a hood 26, a mission case 27 is fixed to the rear part of the gantry 24, and a power transmission mechanism in the mission case 27 drives the engine 25 to move. Is transmitted.

The power input into the mission case 27 is transmitted to the wheel transmission shafts 28 projecting to the left and right sides, and is also provided behind the wheel transmission shafts 28 to project to the left and right sides of the first PTO. It can be taken out from the shaft 29 and the second PTO shaft 30 protruding upward and rearward. Left and right rear wheels 32 are supported on both left and right ends of the wheel transmission shaft 28 via transmission cases 31 which are vertically swingable about their axes, and the rear wheels 32 are supported on the rear wheels 32 by the wheel transmission shaft 28 and the transmission case 3.
The power of the engine 25 is transmitted via the power transmission mechanism in 1. Further, a pair of left and right front wheels 33 and a ridge height detection roller 36 are provided at the front part of the traveling vehicle 22.

At the rear part of the traveling vehicle 22, a transplanting work part 37 is provided.
Is provided. The transplanting work section 37 includes a seedling supply device 39, and a soiled seedling 5 supplied from the seedling supply device 39.
A planting device 35 for planting the ridge 4 on the ridge 4 by the planting cylinder 43,
It has a multi-film punching device 38, etc., which can punch holes for transplantation in the multi-film in advance at the position where the seedlings are planted. The seedling supply device 39 is driven by the rotational power of the second PTO shaft 30, and the planting device 35 and the multi-punching device 3 are driven.
8 is driven by the rotational power of the first PTO shaft 29.

The planting cylinder 43 is provided with an opener that can be opened and closed at the bottom, and the opener opens back and forth when it enters the ridge at the lower end side of the elliptical locus to form a planting hole, and this planting hole is formed. Seedlings with soil supplied at the upper end of the locus
Can be planted. The planting device 35 and the mulch film punching device 38 are provided in the mission case 27.
It is provided on a movable frame 41 supported by the first PTO shaft 29 so as to be vertically swingable. This movable frame 41
The rear end of the movable frame 41 is suspended from the apparatus frame 23 so that the vertical position of the rear end can be adjusted.

1 to 14, the seedling supply device 39 is
A seedling tray 2 mounted on the device frame 23 and having a large number of pot portions 3 in which soil-bearing seedlings 5 have been raised are arranged vertically and horizontally.
The soiled seedlings 5 are taken out one by one by the seedling taking-out nails 4 at a predetermined seedling taking-out position from the feeding device 34 for transferring the seedlings horizontally and vertically and the seedling tray 2 on the carrying device 34. The seedling removing device 1 is configured to drop the seedlings 5 into the planting cylinder 43 after the seedlings 5 are transferred to above the planting device 35.

The seedling tray 2 is made of resin and has flexibility, and a large number of longitudinally and laterally arranged pot portions 3 are formed so as to open to the front and project to the back. 5 have been raised. The seedling take-out device 1 guides a pair of needle (chopsticks) shaped seedling take-out nails 4, a nail support 8 provided with the pair of seedling take-out nails 4 at its tip, and a pair of forward and backward movements of the seedling take-out nails 4. A claw guide 6, a claw support 8 and a holder 9 that supports the claw guide 6 so as to be reciprocally movable in the longitudinal direction, and a claw operation mechanism 10 that appropriately operates the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6. ing.

The pawl operating mechanism 10 reciprocates the seedling take-out pawl 4 between the seedling tray 2 and the planting cylinder 43 while changing the posture thereof. The support frame 14 fixed on the device frame 23 is used. The support frame 14 is provided with a rotating shaft 51 with a crank body 52 that is rotationally driven counterclockwise in FIGS. 4 to 8 by rotational power from the second PTO shaft 30. A crank pin 53 is provided on the crank body 52 so as to project laterally, and a drive cam (main cam) 62 is provided coaxially with the crank body 52.

A lower portion of the swing arm 54 is pivotally connected to the support frame 14 below the crank body 52 by a swing shaft 54A, and a middle portion of the swing arm 54 is vertically (arm lengthwise). Direction) is formed, and the crank pin 5 of the crank body 52 is formed in the groove cam 55.
3 is inserted and engaged. The groove cam 55 has a shape in which a reverse circular arc portion and a straight linear portion are continuously formed at both ends of a central circular arc portion, and the circular arc portion and the reverse circular arc portion are connected by a smooth curved line without angular boundaries. , The crank pin 53 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), A → B → C on the inner peripheral surface of the groove cam 55.
→ D → E → F are contacted in this order.

The movement process of the tip of the seedling take-out claw 4 is determined corresponding to each part of A to F. The boundary between the F process and the A process is point P1, and the boundary between the A process and the B process is point P.
2. Point P3 between the C and D strokes, P3, D stroke and E
The boundary of the process is designated by point P4. The groove cam 55 swings the swing arm 54 to pick up the soil-bearing seedlings 5 to the transport device 34, and the distance of the E-F stroke is short, while the groove cam 55 swings to feed the soil-bearing seedlings 5 to the planting device 35. Moving arm 54
The distance between the C and D strokes for rocking is set to be long, and a quick return mechanism is configured.

That is, when the reciprocating speeds are compared, in the returning stroke Y for taking out the seedlings 5 with soil from the pot portion 3 by the seedling take-out claws 4, the movement is accelerated to take out the seedlings 5 with soil from the pot portion 3. In the forward stroke X to deliver the seedlings to the planting cylinder 43, it is moved slowly so as to prevent the falling of the seedlings with soil 5 during the transfer and to return quickly to improve the efficiency of seedling extraction and supply. .

A holder 9 is pivotally connected to the upper part of the swing arm 54 via a pin 54B. This holder 9 is a pin 5
A portion provided with 4B is formed in a tubular shape, and a pipe-made claw support 8 is inserted and guided in the tubular portion so as to be axially movable, and the claw support 8 is a seedling of the carrier device 34. It is possible to move in and out of the tray 2. A pair of seedling take-out nails 4 which are pierced obliquely into the soiled seedlings 5 in the pot portion 3 are attached to the tip end portions of the nail supporters 8.

A roller 57 is attached to the holder 9 via a bracket 56 so as to be freely rotatable.
Is a cam groove 60 formed in a guide plate 59 that is swingably attached to the upper portion of the support frame 14 via a pin 58.
Is engaged. This cam groove 60 has an inverted V shape,
This contributes to changing the direction (posture) of the seedling take-out nail 4.

The guide plate 59 has a protruding arm on the rotary shaft 51.
It is formed in an arc shape so as to go around the lower side, has a rolling roller (main cam follower) 61 on the base side of the protruding arm, and has a normal cam follower 63 on the tip side.
Is in contact with the drive cam 62, and the follower cam follower 63 is in contact with the follower cam 64, which constitute the posture changing cam drive means H.

That is, the attitude changing cam driving means H is composed of the main cam follower 61 and the normal cam follower 6 provided on the guide plate 59.
3 and the main cam 62 and the side cam 64 provided on the rotary shaft 51, and the counterclockwise rotation of the main cam 62 allows the guide plate 59 to swing about the pin 58. The main cam follower 61 and the follower cam follower 63 include the rotary shaft 5
The main cam 62 is arranged at the opposite position with the center of 1 as the center.
The main cam peripheral surface has a non-moving surface portion 62a and a pushing surface portion 62b radially outwardly protruding from the non-moving surface portion 62a. Main contact of the main cam peripheral surface of the main cam 62 with the main cam follower 61 is mainly performed. The guide plate 59 is swung, the side cam 64 is disposed adjacent to the main cam 62, has a cam jumping restricting surface portion 64a on the peripheral surface of the side cam, and is mainly radially outward by the pushing surface portion 62b. The main cam follower 61, which is pushed to the right, is prevented from separating from the pushing surface portion 62b.

The side cam peripheral surface of the side cam 64 has two protruding portions 64b protruding in the radially outward direction at a position apart from the cam fly limiting surface portion 64a. These two protrusions 6
The position of 4b is a position that is substantially an equilateral triangle with the pushing surface portion 62b of the main cam 62, and the deterioration of the rotational balance due to the formation of the pushing surface portion 62b on the main cam 62 prevents the two protruding portions 64b of the side cam 64 from being affected. The rotation balance of the two main and sub cams 62 and 64 is balanced.

A pushing surface portion 62b is centered on the rotary shaft 51.
And the cam jumping restricting surface portion 64a are in opposing positions, and the immovable surface portion 62a and the two protruding portions 64b are in opposing positions. The main cam follower 61 is always in contact with the main cam peripheral surface of the main cam 62, whereas a small gap is formed between the side cam peripheral surface of the side cam 64 and the side cam follower 63. The side cam peripheral surface of the side cam 64 and the side cam follower 63 do not come into contact with each other except when the cam fly is restricted. That is,
Basically, one main cam 62 controls all movements, and when there is a sudden change in speed, the main cam 62 guides and balances the moment of inertia of the main cam 62, and a small gap between the main cam follower 63 and The manufacturing / assembling is made rough to suppress the progress of wear of the main cam 62.

The swinging of the guide plate 59 centering on the pin 58 is such that, when the seedling take-out claw 4 advances toward the pot part 3, it comes from before the rush start point (see FIG. 4) which is the latter stage of the backward movement. The tip of the seedling take-out claw 4 is swung around the pin 54B so that the leaf of the soil-bearing seedling 5 is scooped from the lower side to suddenly change from a substantially downward posture to a posture facing the seedling tray 2. The posture of the holder 9 according to the swing angle of the swing arm 54 (particularly, the relative angle of the holder 9 with respect to the swing arm 54) is restricted.

Further, the cam groove 60 of the guide plate 59 is used when the seedling 5 with soil taken out from the pot portion 3 is transferred above the planting cylinder 43 (from the state shown in FIG. 5 to the state shown in FIG. 6). In the first step, the seedling take-out nail 4 is moved rearward and downward, and is changed to a substantially downward posture, so that the soiled seedling 5 is brought into a substantially vertical posture. Therefore, the rear side (left side in FIG. 5) of the cam groove 60 is
The roller 57 is shaped so as to move in a direction away from the swing shaft 54A of the swing arm 54.

On the outer periphery of the claw support 8, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 12, the claw support 8 is retracted between the base body 65 provided at the base end thereof and the tubular portion of the holding body 9. A coil spring 66 that urges in the direction is interposed, and a claw attachment 67 is fitted and fixed to the front end portion of the claw support 8. The bases of the pair of seedling take-out nails 4 are pivotally supported by the nail fittings 67 via shafts 4a or by bending the bases of the seedling take-out nails 4 at right angles, and the pair of seedling take-out nails 4 is The claw attachment 67 is swingable so that the tip moves far and near.

An extruding link 6 is provided at the lower end of the holding body 9.
8 is rotatably connected via a pin 69. A long groove (or long hole) 70 is formed at the tip of the push-out link 68, and is engaged with a pin 71 provided on the protruding arm of the claw attachment 67. The push-out link 68 is provided with a cam plate 73 having a substantially arcuate shape.
The crank pin 53 can be contacted. Crank pin 5
When the swing arm 54 reaches the swing end on the side of the transport device 34 (see FIG. 4) corresponding to the latter part of the F stroke, the rotating crank pin 53 pushes it out through the cam plate 73. The link 68 is swung, and the claw attachment 67 and the claw support 8 are pushed toward the carrier 9 toward the transport device 34 side, and the coil spring 66 is compressed. As a result, the seedling take-out nail 4 is projected and the restoring force for retracting the nail support 8 is retained.

Reference numeral 6 designates a claw guide which is slidably inserted in the claw support 8, the base body 65 and the claw attachment 67 in the longitudinal direction, and is formed of a round bar or the like, and the guide portion 1 is provided at the front end thereof.
The member forming 1 is attached across both seedling picking nails 4,
An L-shaped plate-like operating member 76 in side view is attached to the rear end, and a stopper 77 is fixed in the middle thereof.
A spring 78 is fitted between and.

As shown in FIGS. 11, 12, and 14, the nail guides 6 are arranged in a triangle with respect to the two seedling picking nails 4,
Two claw insertion holes 11a are formed in the guide portion 11, and the interval between the left and right claw insertion holes 11a is set to be narrower than the interval K between the left and right seedling extracting claws 4 (the interval between the shafts 4a that are the pivotal parts). There is. Therefore, when the seedling take-out nail 4 and the nail guide 6 move relative to each other, the distance L between the tip ends of the seedling take-out nail 4 changes. That is, when the guide portion 11 is located on the tip side of the seedling take-out nail 4, the distance L between the nail tips is widest, and if the guide portion 11 is immovable and the seedling take-out nail 4 is projected from this state,
The base side of the seedling take-out nail 4 approaches the guide portion 11, and the distance L between the nail tips gradually becomes smaller.

Therefore, when the seedlings 5 with soil are taken out from the pot part 3, when they are moved forward, the tips of the left and right seedling take-out claws 4 approach each other while sticking out, with respect to the center line S on the left and right of the seedlings 5 with soil. It will move on an inclined substantially linear orbit. When the soil-containing seedlings 5 are taken out by the seedling take-out nails 4 and the guide portion 11 of the nail guide 6 is moved from the state of being located at the base side of the seedling take-out nails 4 to the tip side, the nail tip-to-tip distance L becomes From the narrow state to the wide state, the guide portion 11 comes into contact with the soiled seedling 5 and pushes it out of the seedling take-out nail 4 in parallel with this. At this time, the tip of the seedling take-out claw 4 with respect to the soil-bearing seedlings 5 comes out in the same orbit as the rushed-in trajectory, and damage to the soil-bearing seedlings 5 is suppressed to the minimum at the time of rushing and leaving.

In the front view shown in FIG. 9 and the like, the seedling take-out claw 4 has a center line S of the soil-bearing seedling 5 in the pot portion 3,
Since the seedlings with soil 5 are in a truncated truncated quadrangular pyramid shape on the surface side (opening edge side of the pot part 3), they are arranged so as to be distant and approach on the bottom surface side.
Since the two seedling take-out nails 4 are pierced from the corner to the center of the bottom face, the leaves and roots of the soil-bearing seedlings 5 are not pierced, and in addition to that, the tips of the left and right seedling take-out nails 4 are narrowed. It does not collide with the vicinity of the bottom of No. 3.

9 to 12, an operating piece 81 is pivotally supported on the holding body 9 via a shaft 82 and is urged in the clockwise direction in FIG. 9 by a spring.
It has a substantially T-shape having a book leg and both left and right arms, and a lock portion 81A is formed on the left arm, a release portion 81B is formed on the right arm, and a pushing portion 81C is formed on the foot. The actuating member 76 fixed to the claw guide 6 has a portion 76A parallel to the claw guide 6, and this portion 76A is guided by the holding body 9 in a non-rotating state and protrudes on the sliding surface thereof. The movement of the claw guide 6 in the protruding direction is restricted by engaging with the lock portion 81A of the operation piece 81.

A lock arm 83 is pivotally supported on the base body 65 at the rear end of the pawl support body 8.
Is urged clockwise by a spring, and an engaged portion 83a engageable with the engaging portion 9a of the holding body 9 is provided on the front side.
, An inclined surface 83b, and a projection 83c protruding forward are formed. When the claw support 8 is projected, the engaged portion 83a of the lock arm 83 is engaged with the engaging portion 9a of the holding body 9 to maintain the state, and the operating piece 81 is rotated to lock the claw support 8. The lock of the actuating member 76 with respect to the portion 76A by 81A is released, the claw guide 6 projects, and the portion 76A abuts the inclined surface 83b.
Even if the engaged portion 83a is disengaged from the engaging portion 9a, and the disengagement is incomplete, the release portion 81B pushes up the projection 83c by the further rotation of the operating piece 81, and the engaged portion 8a.
3a is forcibly disengaged from the engaging portion 9a.

The pushing portion 81C of the actuating piece 81 is adapted to be rotated by contacting a lock releasing member 84 provided on the guide plate 59 so that the position thereof can be adjusted. When it moves to the state of FIG. 6 in which the 4 is in a substantially downward posture, it comes into contact with the lock releasing member 84 to cause the claw guide 6 to project, and then the claw support 8 is retracted together with the claw guide 6. The lock releasing member 84 is formed of a bolt or a pin.

The holding body 9, the crank body 52, the drive cam 62, the swing arm 54, the guide plate 59 and the push-out link 6
8 and the like supports the nail guide 6 and the nail support 8 and the like.
The nail moving mechanism 10 that moves while changing the posture to a substantially downwardly facing seedling detachment posture, takes out the soil-bearing seedlings 5 in the seedling removal posture, and drops the soil-bearing seedlings 5 in the seedling detachment posture. It is configured.

Further, the operating piece 8 having the lock portion 81A
1, the operating member 76, the lock arm 83, and the like, when the claw guide 6 is moved to the claw tip side, the claw support 8 and the claw guide 6
The return interlocking means 12 for simultaneously retracting and is configured, and the operation piece 81 having the releasing portion 81B, the lock arm 83, and the like constitute the return ensuring means 13 for ensuring the return operation of the claw support 8 after the operation of the return interlocking means 12. Has been done.

In FIGS. 4 and 6, reference numeral 15 is a rounded tongue-shaped removal guide body whose upper and lower sides are open, and which is attached to a bracket 87 projecting from the support frame 14 so as to be positionally adjustable, and the planting device 35. Is arranged above the planting cylinder 43. Note that these are shown smaller than other members. The detachment guide body 15 surrounds the seedling taking-out nail 4 and the nail guide 6 when the seedling taking-out nail 4 is in a substantially downward (slightly inclined) posture, and is detached from the seedling taking-out nail 4 by the nail guide 6. The soiled seedling 5 is brought into contact with the soiled seedling 5 to guide its fall, and the soiled seedling 5 is held in an appropriate posture or an incorrect posture is corrected.

The separation guide 15 is made of metal, synthetic resin,
The spring material or the like can be formed into a flat plate shape, a half-cup shape, a rod shape, or the like, and a contact surface with the soil-containing seedling 5 is formed in a shape that can guide the soil-containing seedling 5 in an appropriate posture. The transfer device 34 includes a movable frame (not shown) movably supported in the left-right direction on a support frame fixed to the device frame 23 via guide rails and the like. The movable frame is arranged in a front downward slope, and the seedling tray 2 has a pot portion 3
Is loaded along the rear surface of the movable frame from the upper side of the movable frame so that the opening of the movable frame faces the upper front, and is horizontally fed by the lateral movement of the movable frame and vertically fed downward in the movable frame. Is configured.

As shown in FIG. 8, the movable frame is provided with a support plate 93 for supporting and guiding the bottom portion of the seedling tray 2 (that is, the bottom portion of the pot portion 3) across the pot portions 3 arranged in a row. The support plate 93 is extended to the pot portion 3 at a position where the seedlings with picked-up nails 4 pick up the seedlings 5 with soil, and the tip of the support plate 93 connects the seedlings with picked-up nails 4 to the soiled seedlings 5. It serves as a backing member 89 for preventing the seedling tray 2 from bending when it is pierced into the ground and for stably taking out the soiled seedling 5 by the seedling taking-out nail 4.

A lateral feed shaft 102 having an endless spiral groove is rotatably supported on the support frame, and the power from the seedling take-out device 1 side can be transmitted to the lateral feed shaft 102. A lateral feed mechanism 103 for laterally feeding the movable frame is provided between the shaft 102 and the movable frame,
The lateral feed mechanism 103 allows the movable frame to be reciprocally laterally fed in the left-right direction over substantially the entire width of the seedling tray 2.

A horizontal shaft 94 is rotatably attached to the lower part of the movable frame. A pair of left and right vertical feed wheels 95 are provided on the horizontal shaft 94 via a one-way clutch. A chain 97 is hooked over a driven wheel provided on the upper part of the movable frame, and a transport pin 98 that engages with a gap between the pot portions 3 in the vertical direction is attached to the chain 97.

A distance corresponding to one pitch between pot portions of the seedling tray 2 is provided between the lateral feed shaft 102 and the lateral shaft 94 when the laterally fed movable frame reaches the end of its horizontal movement. Only, the chain 9 through the vertical feed wheel 95
The intermittent feeding means 99 for intermittently moving 7 is provided, and the vertical feeding wheel 95, the chain 97, the transport pin 98, the intermittent feeding means 99, etc. are used to feed the seedling tray 2 laterally 1
An intermittent vertical feed mechanism 100 that vertically feeds only a pitch is configured.

Next, a seedling taking-out operation of the seedling taking-out nail 4 by the nail operating mechanism 10 will be described. In addition, in FIGS. 4 to 7, seedling extraction in the seedling extraction process (outward process) from when the seedling extraction nail 4 is pierced into the soil-containing seedling 5 to when the soil-containing seedling 5 is dropped above the planting cylinder 37. The locus X of the tip of the claw 4 is indicated by a one-dot chain line, and the locus Y of the tip of the seedling picking claw 4 in the backward stroke is indicated by a two-dot chain line. Further, the comparative example shown by the dotted line in FIG.
The case where the seedling take-out claw 4 is moved by using the swing arm 54 ′ shown in a is shown, and each step is shown with a dash. In this comparative example, the seedling extraction nail is raised from the lower side of the soil-bearing seedling leaves, but is temporarily stopped at the raised position and then moved forward so that the stop position is extremely high on the soil-bearing seedling leaves. It's in close proximity, leaves potential damage, and doesn't move smoothly from ascent to forward,
Time reduction (speedup) is also insufficient.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the operation of taking out the seedlings is as follows. A process of advancing into the seedling soil while scooping up; and A, where the pierced soil-bearing seedling 5 is moved backward by the seedling take-out nail 4
A stroke; a C stroke in which the seedling take-out claw 4 moves from a position facing the seedling tray 2 at a relatively high speed to a substantially downward position;
Following this C stroke, the seedling take-out claw 4 is moved at a relatively low speed without substantially increasing the speed to shift to a substantially downward posture facing the planting cylinder 43, and at the final position thereof, the seedling take-out claw 4 and With the relative movement with the nail guide 6 guiding the seedlings, the seedlings 5 with the soil are detached from the seedlings 4 and dropped and supplied to the planting cylinder 43, and the seedlings 4 are retracted; E step of returning the seedling take-out nail 4 after the seedling 5 is separated at a relatively high speed;
Following this E step, there is an F step in which the seedling take-out claw 4 is returned to the A step while being rapidly changed from a substantially downward posture to a posture facing the seedling tray 2. It should be noted that FIG. 3 shows a change in speed of the tip portion of the seedling take-out nail 4 measured in only one cycle from the A stroke to the F stroke.

In the state shown in FIGS. 4 and 11, the holding body 9 approaches the seedling tray 2 at a position substantially closest to the seedling tray 2, that is, the tip of the guide portion 11 scoops up the leaves of the soiled seedling 5 from the lower side. Is the closest position (point P1), and the swing arm 54 that raises the seedling take-out claw 4 until this state is reached.
The rocking of the crankshaft 53 is decelerating, and the crank pin 53 starts contacting the cam plate 73 from the latter half of the F stroke (slightly before the point P1).

From point P1, the crank pin 53 rotates within the central arc portion of the groove cam 55 of the swing arm 54 (A
Stroke), the swing arm 54 does not swing and remains stationary, the crank pin 53 swings the push link 68 around the pin 69 through the cam plate 73, and the claw attachment 67 through the claw attachment 67. The nail support 8 and the seedling picking nail 4 are advanced toward the soil-containing seedling 5 in the pot portion 3.

For this reason, the latter stage of the raising of the seedling take-out claw 4 and the initial stage of the forward movement overlap each other, and the locus at the point P1 becomes an arc shape, and compared with the case of moving forward after raising.
At the point P1, the seedling take-out claw 4 is slightly separated from the leaves of the soil-bearing seedling 5, and the moving speed does not decrease so much and the movement becomes smooth. At this time, as shown in FIG. 9, the claw guide 6 is immovable because the operating member 76 is in contact with the operating piece 81, and the springs 66 and 78 are compressed by the forward movement of the base body 65, and the lock arm 83 moves. The engaged portion 83a engages with the engaging portion 9a of the holding body 9 to prevent the returning operation.

Further, since the seedling take-out claws 4 move forward with respect to the stationary guide section 11, the pair of left and right seedling take-out claws 4 are restricted by the claw insertion holes 11a of the guide section 11 which are narrower than the interval K of the pivotal support section. The tip of the pick-out nail 4 is pierced into the soil-bearing seedling 5 while advancing and narrowing the distance L between the nail tips. In a side view, the piercing direction of the seedling take-out nail 4 is inclined with respect to the center line S of the soil-bearing seedling 5, and the stalk and root of the seedling are not pierced.

In this stuck state, the left and right seedling take-out nails 4
Changes from a wide V-shape to a narrow V-shape from the two-dot chain line state in FIG. 12 to the solid line state. V of this seedling picking nail 4
In the state of letters, the soiled seedlings 5 are less likely to fall out than in the parallel state, can be taken out strongly from the pot part 3, and the soiled seedlings 5 are not pinched at the time of change. No damage to 5.

At this time, the bottom portion of the pot portion 3 at the seedling take-out position is supported by the backing member 89, and the seedling tray 2
The deformation of the seedlings is prevented, and the stable removal of the soil-bearing seedlings 5 by the seedling removal nails 4 is guaranteed. When the crank body 52 is rotated after the stab of the soil-containing seedling 5 with the seedling picking nail 4 is completed, the swing arm 54 swings leftward via the crank pin 53, so that both the seedling picking nail 4 and the nail guide 6 are seeded. Tray 2
It moves away on the forward trajectory X through the state shown in FIG. Since the groove cam 55 is opposite to the arc of the A stroke in this B stroke, the swing arm 54 is swung faster than in the comparative example, and the B stroke is B ′.
It ends in less time than the process.

When the holder 9 is moved along the forward trajectory X, the rollers 57 provided on the holder 9 are guided by the cam grooves 60 of the guide plate 59, whereby the seedling pick-up claws 4 and the claw guides 6 are in a substantially horizontal pick-up posture. When the roller 57 moves to the vicinity of the rear end of the cam groove 60 (C to D strokes) when the roller 57 is changed to the substantially downward disengagement posture shown in FIG. Begins to abut.

Even in the C stroke, the groove cam 55 is in the opposite direction to the arc of the A stroke, the C stroke starts earlier and is longer than the C ′ stroke of the comparative example, and the speed peak is early and low. Therefore, the swing arm 54 is swung at a high speed at the beginning of the shift in the C stroke, but in the latter half, the center of the arc is the rotary shaft 5.
On the same side as 1, the swing speed of the swing arm 54 is reduced to a low speed over time.

At the point P3 between the C stroke and the D stroke, arcs which are opposite to each other are continuously formed without a step, and the C arm is formed until the beginning of the D stroke.
Since the swinging of No. 4 is not accelerated, and the crank body 52 and the swinging arm 54 are at a substantially right angle, the tip of the seedling take-out pawl 4 is decelerated to a substantially stopped state. Sometimes, the return interlocking means 12 is activated.

The time when the vehicle enters the D stroke and is decelerated to a substantially stopped state is the latter half of the transition from the seedling take-out claw 4 to the seedling tray facing posture to the planting cylinder facing posture. Thus, the speed is sufficiently low, and the inertial force of the seedling take-out claw 4 is also attenuated. When the operating piece 81 comes into contact with the lock releasing member 84 and starts rotating (operation of the return interlocking means 12),
The lock portion 81A unlocks the actuating member 76, and the pawl guide 6 is elastically projected by the spring 78 that has been compressed until then, as shown in the double-dotted line in FIG. 6 and in FIG. It advances to the tip side of the take-out claw 4,
The stabbed soiled seedlings 5 are pushed out and removed.

At this time, the guide portion 11 of the nail guide 6 is contacted with a large surface that does not damage the soil-bearing seedling 5, and the soil-bearing seedling 5 that has been detached is guided by the detachment guide body 15 and its posture is changed. It is made proper and is dropped toward the planting cylinder 43 of the planting device 35 to be delivered. When the claw guide 6 is projected, the unlocked actuating member 76 moves integrally, and as shown in FIG. 10, the portion 76A abuts the inclined surface 83b of the lock arm 83 and the engaged portion 83a. And disengages the engagement portion 9a. Therefore, the claw support 8 held in the protruding state is elastically retracted by the spring 66 in the compressed state (second half of the D stroke).

At this time, the operating member 7 at the rear end of the claw guide 6
Since 6 is in contact with the back surface of the base body 65 via the cushion 88, the claw guide 6 is also retracted as the claw support 8 is retracted, and both are quickly retracted by the spring 66. Contact of the nail guide 6 with the leaves is avoided as much as possible. If the portion 76A cannot lift the inclined surface 83b of the lock arm 83 for some reason such as the movement resistance of the claw guide 6 being too large, the roller 5
When 7 moves to the rear end of the cam groove 60, the operating piece 81 is further rotated by the lock releasing member 84 to release the releasing portion 81B.
The lock arm 83 is rotated via the protrusion 83c (operation of the ensuring means 13) to forcibly disengage the engaged portion 83a from the engaging portion 9a, thereby ensuring the backward movement of the seedling take-out nail 4. As a result, even if the soiled seedling 5 on the seedling taking-out nail 4 cannot be removed by the nail guide 6, the seedling taking-out nail 4 is retracted so that the soiled seedling 5 is removed by hitting the nail guide 6. Become.

Then, as shown in FIG. 7, both the seedling take-out claw 4 and the claw guide 6 are returned to the retracted position, and the operating member 76 is locked. The rotation of the crank body 52 from this state swings the swing arm 54 to the right (E-F stroke), moves the holding body 9 to the state of FIG. On the return path Y. In this movement on the return path Y, the drive cam 6 is moved from before the seedling take-out claw 4 and the claw guide 6 approach the seedling tray 2 (late return period).
The pushing surface portion 62b of No. 2 acts on the roller 61 of the guide plate 59 and maintains the downward posture of the seedling take-out pawl 4 until the end of the stroke E. In the stroke F, the downward posture is rapidly changed to a substantially horizontal posture. As a result, the soiled seedlings 5 are advanced to the plunge start position so as to scoop up the leaves of the seedlings 5 or to scoop them under the leaves so that there are no leaves on the projecting track of the seedling take-out nail 4.

When the main cam follower 61 moves away from the rotary shaft 51 by the action of the pushing surface portion 62b, the follower cam follower 63 faces the cam jumping restraining surface portion 64a of the follower cam 64, and the rotary shaft 51 rotates at high speed. Even if there is, the main cam follower 61 is prevented from jumping up from the main cam 62, and is smoothly guided so that the tip of the seedling take-out pawl 4 does not separate from the locus Y.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be variously modified. For example, although the transplanting device 23 of the transplanter 21 is configured as a self-propelled walking type, it is in a riding type mounted on a traveling vehicle, or other than 1-row planting.
It can be configured as multi-row planting with more than one row.

[0066]

According to the present invention described in detail above, the posture changing cam drive means H for swinging the guide plate 59 to change the seedling picking claw 4 from the substantially downward posture to the seedling tray-facing posture in the latter half of the backward movement.
Is provided with a main cam follower 61 on the guide plate 59, and a main cam 62 having a stationary surface portion 62a having a peripheral surface of the main cam and a pressing surface portion 62b protruding radially outward from the stationary surface portion 62a is provided on the rotating shaft 51. The main cam peripheral surface of the main cam 62 and the main cam follower 61 are brought into contact with each other to make the guide plate 59 swingable, and the guide plate 59 is provided with a normal cam follower 63 facing the main cam follower 61 with the rotating shaft 51 interposed therebetween. , Rotation axis 5
1. A primary cam 62 is provided adjacent to the primary cam 62 with a secondary cam 64 whose peripheral surface can contact the secondary cam follower 63, and the secondary cam 64 is pushed radially outward by the pushing surface portion 62b. The main cam follower 61 forms a cam jumping restricting surface portion 64a that restricts the main cam follower 61 from separating from the pushing surface portion 62b.
Even if an inertial force is applied when it is pushed by the 2b, the cam follower 63 contacts the cam 64,
It is possible to prevent the main cam follower 61 from separating from the main cam 62, and prevent the cam from jumping even when the speed suddenly changes,
The seedling picking nail 4 can be moved smoothly.

The side cam peripheral surface of the side cam 64 has two protruding portions 64b protruding radially outward, and the positions of these two protruding portions 64b are substantially the same as the pushing surface portion 62b of the main cam 62. Since it has a triangular shape, the rotational balance between the two main and sub cams 62 and 64 is improved, and vibration and damage of the device can be reduced. Further, the main cam peripheral surface of the main cam 62 and the main cam follower 6
When 1 and 1 are in contact with each other, since there is a small gap between the peripheral cam peripheral surface of the secondary cam 64 and the secondary cam follower 63, the seedling take-out pawl 4 can be moved normally even if the main cam 62 is worn.
Moreover, the master-slave cam can be easily assembled.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view immediately before taking out seedlings showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 (a) is a front view of a swing arm, and FIG. 2 (b) is an explanatory view showing a locus of a tip portion of a seedling take-out claw using the swing arm at regular time intervals.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the groove cam shape and the tip speed of the seedling take-out claw in the swing arm of the embodiment of the present invention and the comparative example.

FIG. 4 is a sectional front view of the seedling take-out device immediately before taking out the seedlings.

FIG. 5 is a sectional front view immediately after taking out the seedlings.

FIG. 6 is a sectional front view immediately before the seedling detachment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional front view immediately after the seedling is detached.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a relationship between a seedling take-out device and a carrying device.

FIG. 9 is a sectional front view of the main part of the seedling take-out device when the seedling is pierced.

FIG. 10 is a sectional front view of a main part of the seedling take-out device when the seedling is removed.

FIG. 11 is a sectional front view of a main part of the seedling take-out device before piercing the seedling.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional plan view of the main part of the seedling removing device when the seedling is pierced.

FIG. 13 is a rear view of the main part of the seedling take-out device.

FIG. 14 is an overall side view of the transplanter.

FIG. 15A is a front view of a swing arm of a comparative example,
(B) is explanatory drawing which shows the locus | trajectory of a fixed time step of the front-end | tip part of the seedling extraction nail which used the swing arm.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seedling extractor 2 Seedling tray 3 Pot part 4 Seedling extraction nail 5 Seedling with soil 8 Claw support 9 Holder 10 Claw movement mechanism 14 Support frame 21 Transplanter 35 Planting device 43 Planting cylinder 54 Swing arm 55 Groove cam 61 Rolling Roller (Main Cam Follower) 62 Drive Cam (Main Cam) 63 Side Cam Follower 64 Side Cam H Posture Change Cam Drive Means

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A seedling taking-out nail (4) capable of plunging into a soiled seedling (5) of a seedling tray (2), a holder (9) for supporting the seedling taking-out nail (4), and a support frame (14). ) And a swing arm (54) that pivotally moves the holding body (9) to and fro relative to the seedling tray (2), and a swing arm (54) that is pivotally supported by the support frame (14). When the holding body (9) is moved forward by 54, the posture of the seedling take-out claw (4) is changed from the posture toward the seedling tray to the planting cylinder (4) of the planting device (35).
3) A guide plate (5) that changes to a substantially downward posture facing
9) and the guide plate (5
A posture changing cam driving means (H) for swinging 9) to change the seedling taking-out claw (4) from a substantially downward posture to a seedling tray facing posture, wherein the posture changing cam drive means (H) ) Is a guide plate (59)
A main cam follower (61) is provided on the main cam (62), and the main cam peripheral surface has a stationary surface portion (62a) and a pressing surface portion (62b) protruding radially outward from the stationary surface portion (62a).
Is provided on the rotation shaft (51), and the main cam peripheral surface of the main cam (62) is brought into contact with the main cam follower (61) to make the guide plate (59) swingable. A main cam follower (63) is provided to face the main cam follower (61) with the rotary shaft (51) interposed therebetween, and the rotary cam (51) is adjacent to the main cam (62) and has a peripheral cam peripheral surface (6).
3) is provided with a side cam (64) capable of contacting with the main cam follower (61) which is pushed radially outward by the pushing surface portion (62b) on the side cam peripheral surface of the side cam (64). A cam drive structure for a transplanter, characterized in that a cam jumping restricting surface portion (64a) for restricting separation from the moving surface portion (62b) is formed. 2. The soil-bearing seedlings (5) by inserting and retracting the seedling take-out nails (4) into the soil-bearing seedlings (5) of the seedling tray (2).
From the seedling tray (2) while moving the seedling take-out claw (4) away from the seedling tray (2) and planting device (35)
Of the planting tube (43) facing downward, the seedling taking-out nail (5) is detached from the seedling taking-out nail (4) facing the planting tube (43), and then the seedling taking-out nail (4) is removed. ) Is moved back, and the seedling take-out claw (4) is changed from a substantially downward position to a seedling tray facing position via a posture changing cam driving means (H) in the latter stage of this returning, so that the soiled seedling (5) becomes a leaf. In the transplanter approached from the lower side, the posture changing cam drive means (H) supports the seedling extracting claw (4) and is pivotally supported by a pin (54B).
9) is provided with a main cam follower (61), and the main cam peripheral surface has a stationary surface portion (62a) and a pressing surface portion (62b) protruding radially outward from the stationary surface portion (62a) (6).
2) is provided on the rotating shaft (51), the main cam peripheral surface of the main cam (62) and the main cam follower (61) are brought into contact with each other to make the guide plate (59) swingable, and the guide plate (59). ) Is provided with a main cam follower (63) facing the main cam follower (61) with the rotary shaft (51) interposed therebetween, and the rotary cam (51) is adjacent to the main cam (62) and has a peripheral cam follower whose peripheral surface is a normal cam follower. A main cam follower (61), which is pushed radially outward by the pushing surface portion (62b), is provided on the outer cam peripheral surface of the outer cam (64), which is capable of contacting with (63). A cam drive structure for a transplanter, characterized in that a cam jumping restricting surface portion (64a) for restricting separation from the pushing surface portion (62b) is formed. 3. The side cam peripheral surface of the side cam (64) has two protruding portions (64b) protruding radially outward, and the positions of these two protruding portions (64b) are the main cams (64b). The cam driving structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pressing surface portion (62b) of 62) is a substantially equilateral triangle. 4. The side cam (6) when the main cam peripheral surface of the main cam (62) and the main cam follower (61) are in contact with each other.
4. The cam drive structure according to claim 1, wherein there is a small gap between the peripheral cam peripheral surface of 4) and the peripheral cam follower (63).