JPH0931465A - Coke oven and method for charging coal to coke oven - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for charging coal into a coke oven of which coal charging port has a length from near an ascension pipe in the lengthwise direction of the oven to near the end of the oven in the opposite side, capable of charging the coal by making its bulk density uniform without using a leveling work by transferring a coal charging means by plural number of shuttle movements from the coal charging port in the lengthwise direction of the oven. SOLUTION: In this coke oven 1 of which coal charging port 6 has a length from near an ascension pipe 3 in the lengthwise direction of the oven to near the end of the oven in the opposite side, and of which coal charging device 9 has a coal charging means 10 such as a hopper capable of making shuttle movements along the coal charging port 6 in the lengthwise direction of the oven, the charging coal is dried or preheated, it is once stocked in the coal hopper 10 of the coal charging device 9 above the coke oven 1, then the coal charging device 9 is travelled and stopped at the prescribed position of a carbonizing room 2, a cut out feeder 11 for cutting out the coal from the coal hopper 10 through a charging pipe 12 is actuated, also the coal hopper is moved in plural shuttle movements along the coal charging port 6, the charging speed in the direction of the oven height is controlled by measuring the level of charged coal with level gages 14, 15 and the coal is charged uniformly without using a leveling work after charging the coal.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coke oven and a coke oven for uniformly charging a pre-charged coal that has been normally charged or dried or preheated (hereinafter collectively referred to as coal) and a coke oven. Regarding coal charging method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Normally, as shown in FIG. 6, charging of coal into a carbonization chamber of a chamber furnace type coke oven is carried out by using three to five coal-equipped car 61 provided on a coal car 61 which can travel in the furnace row direction on the furnace. Coal is cut out from the hopper 62 and charged by gravity dropping from three to five coal charging ports 64 provided in the ceiling of the carbonization chamber 63, and when the charging is completed, the leveler 65 is used to level and flatten the upper surface. There is. For this reason, the bulk density is high just below the coal charging port 64, and the bulk density is low between the coal charging port 64 and the vicinity of the furnace lid 66, which may cause a large variation in the bulk density in the furnace length direction. Are known. Further, in the furnace height direction, the bulk density tends to be high in the lower part where drop impact is large and low in the upper part due to charging by gravity falling. For this reason, the generated coke strength varied in the furnace length direction and furnace height direction.

On the other hand, as one of the coke manufacturing techniques, there is a preheated coal charging method. The preheating charcoal charging method is to dry preheat the charging charcoal and charge it into the coke oven.
Despite the obvious economic advantages, it has not yet been put to practical use. In other words, the effects of the preheated coal charging method include the improvement of coke oven production capacity by shortening the time required for carbonization, the improvement of the charging density and the effect of improving the coking property by expanding the width of the softening and melting layer of coal during carbonization, and the efficiency. Of the total heat required for carbonization by the adoption of an efficient drying preheater,
The reduction of cheap water treatment cost due to the decrease of the quantity of cheap water is being raised. However, the preheating charcoal charging method has the effects as described above, on the other hand, with the decrease of water content in coal, environmental problems due to the risk of coal dust explosion during coal charging and increase in dust generation, In addition, there is a problem of pulverized coal sludge in coal tar due to an increase in carryover.

As a method for solving the environmental problems due to the danger of coal dust explosion at the time of charcoal charging and the increase of dust generation in the above preheated charcoal charging method, preheated charcoal developed by Allied Chemical Co. Pipeline charging method to transfer and load into the coke oven by pipeline, precarbon method to transfer to the upper part of the carbonization chamber by the chain conveyor installed on the coke furnace, and charge through the chute attached to the charging buggy car A method of dropping coal into a coal charging port through a coal charging cylinder in which an inert gas is introduced through a damper from a sealed conveyor installed on a furnace (JP-A-51-86).
No. 501), a method of transporting preheated coal from a storage device to a charging target kiln by a rally carrier having a hopper capable of supplying an inert gas to shut off the atmosphere (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-185681), etc. Is proposed.

[0005]

The above-mentioned pipeline charging method, pre-carbon method, and the methods disclosed in JP-A-51-86501 and JP-A-58-185681 are all carried out from the charging port. Due to charging due to its own weight,
It has the drawback that the bulk density of coal varies in the furnace length direction and furnace height direction, and it is difficult to obtain stable coke strength.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a coke oven and a method for charging coal into the coke oven, which can make the variations in bulk density in the furnace length direction and the furnace height direction uniform. is there.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted various tests and studies to achieve the above object. As a result, in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, it suffices to carry out charging as flatly as possible, and in order to carry out flat charging, the charging port is lengthened in the furnace length direction and the charging device is set in the furnace length direction. It was found that it is effective to carry out recharging while reciprocating, and that it is effective to install a coal level meter in the charging device and control the charging speed while measuring the coal level. Reached

That is, in the invention of claim 1 of the present application, the coal charging port has a length from the vicinity of the rising pipe in the furnace length direction to the vicinity of the furnace end on the opposite side, and the coal charging device extends along the coal charging port. And a coal charging means capable of reciprocating in the furnace length direction.

Further, in the invention of claim 2 of the present application, a coke oven having a length from the vicinity of the rising pipe in the furnace length direction to the vicinity of the opposite furnace end is provided in the coke oven along the coal introduction opening. A method for charging coal into a coke oven is characterized in that the coal charging means is moved back and forth a plurality of times in the direction to charge coal.

Further, in the invention of claim 3 of the present application, a coke oven having a length from the vicinity of the ascending pipe in the furnace length direction to the vicinity of the opposite furnace end is installed in the coke oven along the coal charging mouth. Coal to the coke oven characterized in that the coal charging means is reciprocated a plurality of times in the direction, the charging speed is controlled in the furnace height direction according to the coal level charged, and the coal is uniformly charged. This is the charging method.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION As a coal charging means capable of reciprocating in a furnace length direction along a coal charging port of a coal charging apparatus according to the present invention, a hopper capable of reciprocating in a furnace length direction along a coal charging port, If a cutting feeder and a charging cylinder are combined and the coal stored in the hopper is cut by the feeder, the coal can be charged from the charging port through the charging cylinder. The reciprocating movement in the furnace length direction along the coal charging port of the hopper of the coal charging means is performed by mounting the hopper via wheels on the guide rails provided in the coal charging device, and moving the wheels forward by a motor. Reverse rotation method,
A method in which the hopper is fixed to a chain wound around the wheels located at both ends of the coal charging port, the wheel is rotated forward and backward by an electric motor, and the screw shaft is rotated forward and backward.
There is no particular limitation as long as the hopper can reciprocate in the furnace length direction along the coal charging port, such as a rack and pinion system.

As a sealing means for covering the entire charging port in the present invention, a telescope-like sealing system is adopted because it is necessary to always seal even when the hopper is moved. Also,
The control of the charging speed in the furnace height direction by measuring the level of the charged coal estimates the bulk density α from the difference in the height of the level sensor before and after the charging cylinder, and the following formula becomes constant. Adjust charging speed. The charging speed can be adjusted by controlling the rotation speed of the cutting feeder. Q × α = V × B × H where Q: charging speed (t / min), α: bulk density (t
/ M ³ ), V: Hopper moving speed (m / min) B: Furnace width (m), H: Level difference (m) Further, the level measurement of the charged coal in the present invention is a non-contact type level. It is desirable to use a sensor such as an ultrasonic type or a laser type.

The supply of coal to the hopper of the coal charging means is carried out by a chain conveyor, a rally carrier, an air transportation, etc.
Known means can be used. Further, in the present invention, the coal charging device is of a movable type between kilns, but it may be fixedly arranged on each kiln and provided with a supply line, for example, an air flow transport pipe or a chain conveyor.

The coke oven of the present invention comprises a coal charging port having a length from the vicinity of the ascending pipe in the furnace length direction to the vicinity of the opposite furnace end, and a coal charging device capable of reciprocating in the furnace length direction along the coal charging port. By providing a coal charging device having a charging means,
Coal can be charged while reciprocating the coal charging means along the charging port in the furnace length direction, and the bulk density in the furnace length direction can be made uniform. In addition, to prevent air pollution and improve the work environment, the coal charging device has a sealing means that covers the entire coal charging port, so that the coal charging device during coal charging is in the longitudinal direction along the coal charging port. Even if it reciprocates, it is possible to prevent coal from leaking into the atmosphere.

Further, in the method for charging coal according to the present invention, in the coke oven having a length from the vicinity of the rising pipe in the lengthwise direction of the furnace to the vicinity of the opposite end of the furnace, the coal length is set along the length of the charging port. By moving the coal charging means back and forth multiple times in the direction to load the coal, the bulk density in the furnace length direction and the furnace height direction can be made uniform, and variations in coke quality in the furnace length direction and furnace height direction can be eliminated. In addition, the leveling work immediately after the carbonization is unnecessary, and it is possible to prevent dust generation from the leveling port.

Further, in the method for charging coal according to the present invention, in the coke oven having a length from the vicinity of the ascending pipe in the furnace length direction to the vicinity of the opposite furnace end, the coal length is set along the coal charging opening. The coal charging means is moved back and forth a plurality of times in the direction, the charging speed is controlled in the furnace high direction by measuring the level of the charged coal, and the coal is uniformly charged, so that the furnace length direction and the furnace The bulk density in the high direction can be made uniform, and the bulk density in the entire furnace can be increased. Therefore, as is clear from the graph showing the relationship between the bulk density and the coke strength shown in FIG. 5, there is no variation as in the conventional case, the coke strength can be increased and made uniform, and the variation in coke quality can be eliminated. can do.

[0017]

【Example】

Embodiment 1 The details of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 showing an embodiment. FIG. 1 shows a coke oven of the present invention. (A) is a plan view, (b) is a sectional view in the furnace length direction, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view in the furnace length direction showing details of a coal charging port. Is. 1 and 2, 1 is a coke oven, 2
Is a carbonization chamber of the coke oven 1, 3 is an ascending pipe erected at the furnace end ceiling of the carbonization chamber 2, 4 is an air collecting main pipe, and is connected to the ascending pipe 3 and a bend pipe 5. A charging port 6 to the carbonization chamber 1 has a length from the vicinity of the ascending pipe 3 in the furnace length direction to the vicinity of the furnace end on the opposite side, and a charging lid 7 is openably and closably mounted.

Reference numeral 8 is a rail laid near the rising pipe 3 of the coke oven 1 and at the furnace end on the opposite side, 9 is a coal charging device movably mounted on the rail 8, and 10 is a furnace on the coal charging device 9. A coal hopper provided so as to be reciprocally movable in the longitudinal direction, 11 is a cutting feeder for cutting coal from the coal hopper 10,
12 is a charging cylinder, 13 is a telescope-like seal that seals the coal charging port 6 when coal is charged into the carbonization chamber 2 by reciprocating the coal hopper 10 along the coal charging port 6 in the furnace length direction, Even when the coal hopper 10 moves, the coal charging port 6 can be always sealed. Reference numerals 14 and 15 are non-contact type level meters provided on both sides of the charging cylinder 11 in the furnace length direction, and are configured to measure the charging level of the carbonization chamber 2.

With the above configuration, in order to charge coal into the carbonization chamber 2, the normal charging coal or the preheated coal obtained by drying or preheating the normal charging coal is used as the coal charging device on the coke oven 1. A carbonization chamber 2 in which coal is fed to a coal hopper 10 of No. 9 by a chain conveyor, a rally carrier, air flow transport or the like to temporarily store coal, and then a coal charging device 9 is run to charge the coal.
Stop at the specified position. Then, after removing the charging lid 7 by a lid removing device (not shown), the cutting feeder 11 is activated to cut coal from the coal hopper 10 through the charging cylinder 12, and the coal hopper 10 is charged into the charging port 6
The coal was charged into the carbonization chamber 2 by reciprocating a plurality of times in the furnace length direction, for example, 5 times along the above. In this case, even when the coal hopper 10 reciprocates along the coal charging port 6 in the furnace length direction a plurality of times, the coal charging port 6 is sealed by the telescopic seal 13, so that even preheated coal is exposed to the atmosphere. Is prevented from scattering. When the coal charging into the carbonization chamber 2 is completed, the cutting feeder 11 is stopped to stop the reciprocating movement of the coal hopper 10, and the charging lid 7 is removed by a lid removing device (not shown).
Is installed and the coal charging work is completed.

Charging of coal into the carbonization chamber 2 is performed while reciprocating the coal hopper 10 along the coal charging port 6 in the furnace length direction a plurality of times, so that the coal charging level in the furnace length direction becomes uniform, There is no need for leveling work by a leveler. Further, since the bulk density in the furnace length direction becomes uniform, variations in coke quality in the furnace length direction can be eliminated. Further, in the coal charging into the carbonization chamber 2, the number of reciprocating movements in the furnace length direction along the coal charging port 6 of the coal hopper 10 is set to 5 or more, whereby the bulk density in the furnace height direction is increased. Variation of ± 5 with preheated coal
It has been confirmed that it is possible to suppress to less than kg / m ³ and to ± 10 kg / m ³ for wet coal, and it is possible to reduce the variation in coke quality in the furnace height direction.

Further, when coal is charged into the carbonizing chamber 2, the level of coal charging is measured by the non-contact type level meters 14 and 15 before and after the charging cylinder 11 in the furnace length direction, and the level meters 14 and 15 are measured.
The bulk density α is estimated from the height difference of the coal hopper 10 and the charging rate (t / t) from the coal hopper 10 is adjusted so that the bulk density in the furnace height direction is constant.
By gradually increasing (min), the bulk density of the entire furnace can be increased, the bulk density in the furnace height direction becomes uniform, the coke quality variation in the furnace height direction can be eliminated, and the coke strength can be increased. . Therefore, according to the present invention, the furnace length direction and the furnace height direction,
In other words, the bulk density of the entire carbonization chamber 2 can be increased and made uniform, and the variation in coke quality due to the increase in coke strength and the variation in bulk density can be eliminated.

Example 2 Furnace height 7125 mm, furnace width 460 mm, furnace length 16500 m
A bulk density tester having a m coke oven length of only ½ was installed at the end of a furnace in actual operation, and wet coal having a water content of 8% and preheated carbon having a water content of 0.0% shown in Table 1 were used as examples. After receiving coal in the 1st coal hopper, it is cut out from the hopper at 15t / min and charged while being reciprocated 5 times at a moving speed of 60m / min.
Using the method of the present invention in which 2.5 t of charcoal was charged and a carburizing car of an actual operation coke oven, each of the wet coal having a water content of 8% and the preheated carbon having a water content of 0.0% shown in Table 1 was used. For each of the conventional methods in which 22.5 tons of hoppers were charged with carbon and no leveling work was performed, the level of carbonization in the furnace length direction was measured and the maximum level deviation was determined. The results are shown in Table 2. Also, after carbonization, 2000mm and 4000m from the furnace bottom
Horizontally at each position of m and 6000 mm and at two positions corresponding to the charging cylinder position of each coal charging car hopper, two positions between the charging cylinder position and the furnace lid, and two positions between the charging cylinder positions 6 The horizontal bulk density was measured by sampling from each sampling hole. Table 3 shows the results.

[0023]

[Table 1]

[0024]

[Table 2]

[0025]

[Table 3]

As shown in Tables 2 and 3, in the case of the method of the present invention in which the coal hopper is reciprocally moved for carbonization, the maximum level deviation amount in the furnace length direction is 50 to 100 mm for wet coal and preheated coal. Is 10 to 50 mm, and the bulk density in the furnace length and furnace height direction is 780 ± 10 kg / m ^{3 for} wet coal and 87 for preheated coal.
It is extremely stable at 0 kg / m ³ ± 5 kg. On the other hand, in the case of the conventional method of charging from four charging ports, the maximum level deviation in the furnace length direction is 1000 mm or more for both wet coal and preheated coal, and the furnace length and furnace height the bulk density of the direction, 50~80kg / m ³ at a furnace length direction and in the furnace height direction 70~75kg / m ³ occur.

Example 3 Using the above bulk density test apparatus, the cutting speed of preheated carbon was 15
When the preheated carbon amount of 22.5T was charged at a constant T / min of 3 to 8 times in the reciprocating movement in 1.5 minutes, the average moving speed and the average layer thickness were converted into an actual furnace having a furnace length of 16500 mm and shown. 4 shows. Further, FIG. 3 shows variations in the number of reciprocating movements and the bulk density measured by the same method as in Example 2.

[0028]

[Table 4]

As shown in FIG. 3, the variation in the bulk density in the furnace is almost 5 kg / m ³ or less when the number of reciprocating movements is 5 or more, which is almost eliminated. Also, when using wet coal,
It is stable at approximately 10 kg / m ³ or less when the number of reciprocating movements is 5 or more.

Example 4 Using the above-mentioned bulk density test apparatus, when the cutting speed from the coal hopper was 5 reciprocating movements at a constant rate of 15 T / min for carbonization, and as shown in Table 5, at the time of the first forward movement, Cutting speed of 12.5 T / min to 0.5 T / mi for each movement on one side
The number of times of travel (total 10 times) for each of the cases of carburizing by increasing by n and carburizing at a cutting speed of 17.0 T / min at the time of the final return of 5 reciprocating movements (total of 10 times of travel)
Samples were collected from the positions at the 1st, 4th, 7th and 10th times to determine the bulk density. FIG. 4 shows the results.

[0031]

[Table 5]

As shown in FIG. 4, when preheated carbon is used,
The bulk density when the cut rate 15T / min constant at 5 by reciprocating Sosumi the A is a first 920 kg / m ^3, reduced each time increasing times, 870 kg / m ³ at 10 th
Varies. On the other hand, the cutting speed at the first trip is 1
The bulk density of B increased from 2.5 T / min by 0.5 T / min for each one-sided movement is 900 kg / m ³ ±
It is stable at 5 kg. Further, when wet coal is used, the bulk density in the case of A'charging by reciprocating 5 reciprocations at a constant cutting speed of 15 T / min is 890 kg / m ³ for the first time, and decreases with each increase in the number of times. 800kg / m ³ for the 10th time
Cutting speed at the time of the first outbound 1
The bulk density of B'increased from 2.5 T / min by 0.5 T / min for each one-sided movement is 845 ± 10 kg.
/ M ³ and is almost constant.

[0033]

As described above, the coke oven of the present invention can save labor for leveling work after charging in coal charging, and can prevent dust generation from the leveling port.
Further, according to the coal charging method of the present invention, both the bulk density in the furnace length direction and the bulk density in the furnace height direction can be controlled to be substantially constant, and non-uniformity of carbonization can be prevented. As a result, coke quality can be improved. It is possible to improve and stabilize and reduce the amount of dry distillation heat.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A and 1B show a coke oven of the present invention, wherein FIG. 1A is a plan view and FIG. 1B is a sectional view in the furnace length direction.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view in a furnace length direction showing details of a seal of a coal charging port.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of reciprocations of a hopper and the variation in bulk density during carbonization in Example 3.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of running hoppers and the bulk density during carbonization in Example 4.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the bulk density and the coke strength of the humidifying coal method, the preheating coal method, the comparative example, and the method of the present invention.

FIG. 6 shows a method of charging a conventional coke oven,
(A) is a plan view and (b) is a sectional view in the furnace length direction.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Coke Oven 2,63 Carbonization chamber 3 Ascending pipe 4 Air collection main pipe 5 Bend pipe 6,64 Coal charging port 7 Charging lid 8 Rail 9 Coal charging device 10 Coal hopper 11 Cutting feeder 12 Charging cylinder 13 Telescope-like Seal 14, 15 Level meter 61 Charging car 62 Hopper 65 Leveler 66 Furnace lid

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A coal charging apparatus having a length from a vicinity of a rising pipe in a furnace length direction to a vicinity of a furnace end on the opposite side, and a coal charging device capable of reciprocating in a furnace length direction along the coal charging opening. A coke oven having a charging means. 2. A coke oven having a coal charging port having a length from the vicinity of the rising pipe in the furnace length direction to the vicinity of the opposite furnace end, and coal charging means is provided a plurality of times along the coal charging port in the furnace length direction. A method for charging coal into a coke oven, which comprises reciprocating and charging coal. 3. A coke oven having a coal charging port having a length from the vicinity of the rising pipe in the furnace length direction to the vicinity of the furnace end on the opposite side, and coal charging means is provided a plurality of times along the coal charging port in the furnace length direction. A method for charging coal into a coke oven, which comprises reciprocally moving, measuring the level of the charged coal, controlling the charging speed in the furnace height direction, and uniformly charging the coal.