JPH09324986A - Dryer for slurry-like material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dryer for slurry-like material which exhibits a high thermal efficiency and a high total heat exchange rate, is compact while having a large capacity and can be manufactured at low cost. SOLUTION: In this dryer for a slurry-like material, a plurality of heat exchangers 14 are arranged adjacent to each other and each heat exchanger 14 has a heating medium pass through the inside thereof and is provided with a heat transfer surface 23 on the outer surface thereof. Between the heat transfer faces 23 which face each other, a rotary blade 21 is disposed and is rotatable relative to the heat exchangers 14. The rotary blade 21 is made of a resilient material having a physical anisotropy and presses a slurry-like material to be dried which is adhered to the heat transfer surface 23 upon its rotation in a normal direction, while scrapes the material upon its rotation in a reverse direction. The heat exchanger 14 is made of a thin film-shaped disc. The rotary blade 21 comes into contact with a partition wall resiliently and directly or indirectly by way of a slurry-like material and is rotated in a normal direction and a reverse direction alternately so as to agitate and mix the slurry-like material, thus enhancing the heat exchanger rate of the dryer, compacting the dryer and assuring a large capacity.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a mud dryer. More specifically, the present invention relates to a mud dryer having a disk-shaped heat exchange surface for efficiently stirring and mixing mud during drying.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The treatment of sludge is important for solving various problems such as the ocean dumping problem. In particular, activated sludge, which is a domestic waste, contains few heavy metals, and thus a drying process for returning to green farmland is desired. Against this background, improvement of the thermal efficiency of drying mud is required as an urgent task due to environmental problems and the necessity of recycling. This requirement is particularly strong for activated sludge. The most important issue to deal with this problem is improvement of thermal efficiency and rationalization of dryer equipment. This is because, unless the equipment and running costs are reduced, environmental problems and realization of recycling will not be put into practice.

A dryer cannot be drastically improved without thermodynamic knowledge. Thermodynamics involves complicated elements such as the relationship between saturated vapor pressure and unsaturated vapor pressure, temperature difference, heat conduction area, heat transfer efficiency, and physical properties of heat transfer medium. Furthermore,
An important issue is the reduction of fuel consumption. In order to reduce fuel consumption, the overall heat transfer coefficient K must be increased. The overall heat transfer coefficient K is defined by the following equation.

K = a / (A + B + C), A = a / ht, B = at / λt, B = a / λ. ht: Heat transfer coefficient between heating plate and heating medium at: Thickness of heating plate λt: Thermal conductivity of heating plate a: Thickness of material layer Such a coefficient K is determined by the three terms of the denominator on the right side. To be done. The third term is determined by the physical properties of the dried product. The design problem can be solved by what to do with the two values of ht and at. In order to reduce the thickness at of the heating plate, the steam pressure used is limited to a low level, and at the same time, the steam velocity is increased to increase the heat transfer coefficient ht between the heating plate and the heating medium. Developed and known by the applicant.

The above-mentioned physical properties vary greatly depending on the stirring and mixing state in view of the water content. Even if it is the same substance except for moisture, it has a great influence on thermal conductivity and has a large latent heat. If the moisture content and moisture distribution are different, the substance will be different as the material to be dried, and it is necessary to design. There is. That is, it is considered that the overall heat transfer coefficient K can be increased by appropriately adjusting the stirring and mixing state of the dried product. Further, from the viewpoint of the structure of the dryer, the efficiency of stirring and mixing affects the fuel efficiency, and the method of stirring and mixing affects the equipment cost of the dryer.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made based on such a technical background, and achieves the following objects.

An object of the present invention is to provide a mud dryer having high thermal efficiency.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a mud dryer having a large overall heat transfer coefficient.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a mud dryer having a large heat transfer area and a high thermal efficiency and a large overall heat transfer coefficient.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a mud dryer which is compact and has a large overall heat transfer coefficient.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a mud dryer which is compact and has a large overall heat transfer coefficient and is inexpensive.

Still another object of the present invention will be made clear through the embodiments.

[0013]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above-mentioned problems, the following means are adopted.

The mud dryer according to the first aspect of the present invention has a plurality of heat exchange elements, through which a heat medium is passed inside to form heat exchange surfaces, and between the heat exchanging surfaces of the plurality of adjacent heat exchange elements which face each other. And a rotary vane that rotates relative to the heat exchange element, the rotary vane holding the mud matter that adheres to the heat exchange surface and is to be dried during normal rotation and scrapes it during reverse rotation. Equipped with.

A mud dryer of the present invention 2 is characterized in that, in the invention 1, the anisotropy has a physical anisotropy.

The mud dryer of the third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the second aspect, the physical anisotropy is given by an elastic material having anisotropy in the rotational direction.

A mud dryer according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the mud dryer according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchanger has a plurality of disc-shaped heat transfer surfaces having thin partition walls through which a heat medium passes. The rotary vane is fixed between the partition wall and the partition wall adjacent to the partition wall to face the partition wall and is fixed to the main shaft for agitation. It is characterized in that it is indirectly contacted via a material.

A mud dryer according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the fourth aspect, both blades of the rotary blade are in contact with the opposing partition walls.

In the mud dryer of the sixth aspect of the present invention, a heat exchanging surface for exchanging heat between the hot steam and the mud is formed in the heat exchanging body, and a contactor that moves with respect to the heat exchanging surface is provided. The contact is made to the heat exchange surface or the mud that is drying and adheres to the heat exchange surface, the relative movement of the heat exchange surface and the contactor is reversed in the positive direction and the negative direction, and the contact is made. It is characterized in that the child is given anisotropy by pressing down the mud during forward rotation and scraping the mud during reverse rotation.

A mud dryer of the present invention 7 is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned invention 6, the mud material is stirred and mixed by alternately performing forward rotation and reverse rotation.

A mud dryer according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the same as the sixth or seventh aspect, wherein the contact element rotates with respect to the heat exchange surface, and the heat exchange surface with respect to a rotation axis of the contact element. It is characterized by being orthogonal or intersecting.

In the mud dryer of the present invention, the rotary blades or contacts that come into contact with the drying surface rotate and move with respect to the heat exchange surface that is the drying surface. The contactor presses the mud or the mud layer adhering to the dry surface during normal rotation to grow the mud layer and scrapes the mud layer during reverse rotation. By simply reversing the direction of rotation of the contactor or drying surface, growth and removal of the mud layer can be achieved. By stirring and mixing in which pressing and scraping are performed alternately, heat exchange of the mud itself is promoted and thermal efficiency is increased. By pressing the mud layer adhering to the dry surface, the thermal conductivity in the mud layer increases.

According to the embodiment of the mud dryer of the present invention, since the heat transfer plate is formed in the shape of fins, heat is exchanged on the heat exchange surface of a wide area, and conversely, heat is radiated from the entire dryer. The thermal efficiency is high because there are few. Moreover, since the heat transfer surface is formed in a fin shape, the volume of the heat exchanger is small and the dryer is downsized. Such a benefit is particularly remarkable in the vacuum type dryer. Although the heat transfer surface was composed of thin partition walls to lower the pressure of steam of the heat exchange medium, the steam flow velocity was increased, so that the overall heat transfer coefficient was kept high.

The drying surface is formed as an outer surface of the disk-fin-shaped hollow body, and the drying surface is formed so as to be substantially orthogonal (may intersect) to the axis of rotation of the contactor or blade. As a result, the size can be reduced and the thermal efficiency can be improved at the same time.

The scraped and dried mud is removed from the charging port whose position is changed from the upper side to the lower side by rotating the drying chamber, so that the discharging operation is efficient.

[0026]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described. 1, 2, and 3 are front views showing a first embodiment of a mud dryer of the present invention. Drying chamber body 1 is machine base 2
It is rotatably supported by. As shown in FIG. 2, the drying chamber main body 1 is tiltable by a screw mechanism 3.
The screw mechanism 3 includes a servo motor 3a and a reduction mechanism 3
b, an expanding / contracting means main body 3c, and an expanding / contracting arm 3d which moves forward and backward in the axial direction by a rotary screw incorporated in the expanding / contracting means main body 3c.

The drying chamber main body 1 to which the end of the telescopic arm 3d is rotatably coupled is tilted at the start of drying or at the completion of drying due to the forward and backward movement of the telescopic arm 3d. Due to this tilting, the sludge inlet 4 at the upper position is lowered to the lower position as shown by the phantom line when the drying is completed. During such a descent, the sludge inlet becomes the sludge outlet 5 (see FIG. 2).

As shown in FIG. 3, the drying chamber body 1 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. The blade rotating shaft 6 penetrates the drying chamber main body 1 so as to share the cylindrical axis. The blade rotating shaft 6 rotates a rotating blade described later. The blade rotating shaft 6 is rotationally driven by a servo motor 9 via a pulley 7, a transmission belt 8 and the like. The servo motor 9 is controlled and operated by a programmable controller 11 described later. The blade rotation shaft 6 is rotated in the forward and reverse directions by the servo motor 9. The programmable controller 11 includes a control panel or input means 12.

The blade rotating shaft 6 is rotatably supported on the machine base 2 via a bearing 13. The drying chamber body 1 is separated from the blade rotating shaft 6. Disc-shaped heat exchangers 14, 14 are fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the drying chamber main body 1. A plurality of disk-shaped heat exchangers 14 are arranged in parallel.

The heat exchanger 14 is formed with an axial hole 15 formed of a cylindrical surface sharing the axis. Each heat exchanger 14 is separated from the blade rotating shaft 6. The heat exchanger 14 is a hollow body having a steam chamber 16 inside. Pressure steam is introduced into the heat exchanger 14.

High-temperature steam is introduced into the steam chamber 16 of the heat exchanger 14 from the steam supply pipe 17 shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 3, a contactor (or rotating blade) is attached to the blade rotating shaft 6.
21 is attached. A contactor attachment arm 22 extending in the radial direction is attached to the blade rotation shaft 6.

The contact 21 is fixed to the contact mounting arm 22. The contactor attachment arm 22 is provided between the adjacent heat exchangers 14, that is, the adjacent heat transfer surface (or dry surface) of the heat exchanger 14.
It is arranged between the heat exchange surfaces 23. Heat exchange surface 23
Is a surface perpendicular to the axis of the outer surface of the heat exchanger 14. Contact 2
1 extends in the radial direction. The contactor 21 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 5, the contactor mounting arm 22 is fixed with bolts 25.

The contactor 21 includes a root portion 26 and both wings 24R,
It is composed of 24L. Both wings 24R, 24L extend in the circumferential direction while extending in the axial direction from the root portion 26. Both blades 24R, 24L extend on opposite sides in the axial direction. The contactor 21 is made of an elastic material. Contact 2
1 can be manufactured, for example, by bending a steel plate into a generally U-shape or a concave shape and quenching. Stainless steel can also be used. The tip portions of both wings 24R, 24L are more flexibly displaced with respect to the vicinity of the root portion 26 in the portions closer to the tips.

One such contactor 21 is provided between the two heat exchangers 14. The contactor 21 is generally provided with an (n-1) body between n heat exchangers 14. In order to increase the surface area of the heat exchanger 14, the heat exchanger 14 is thinly formed and 10 stations or 20 stations are provided, so that the heat exchanger 14 is formed in a fin-like appearance in appearance. The heat exchanger composed of a plurality of heat exchangers 14 includes a large number of heat exchangers 14 that can be seen as fins.

As shown in FIG. 2, a drain reservoir 27 is provided below the drying chamber body 1. Through a small drain outlet 28 opened at the lower end of each heat exchanger 14,
The steam chamber 16 is connected to the drain reservoir 27.

FIG. 6 shows the programmable controller 11
Is shown. The programmable controller 11 is composed of a central processing unit 31, a ROM 32, a RAM 33, and an electric output means (not shown). ROM32
Stores a program for executing the later-described flowchart shown in FIG. RAM 33 from the input means 12
To set the number of forward / reverse rotations N, N sets of timers T1N, T
2N set times T1N and T2N can be input. The central processing unit 31 can output a forward rotation signal, a reverse rotation signal, and a stop signal to the servo motor 9 via a driver (not shown).

Next, the operation / action of the first embodiment will be described. The partition wall forming the heat exchanger 14 is thin. Since the partition wall is thin, the speed of conduction of the heat of the steam inside to the heat exchange surface 23 is high. The partition wall is thin,
Since the vapor pressure is set low, the strength of the heat exchanger 14 is guaranteed.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the start button associated with the programmable controller 11 is pressed (step S1) or a start signal is input from the input means 12, the drying chamber main body 1 returns to the start position ( Step S2) The sludge inlet 4 is located above. A known amount of activated sludge is fed from the sludge feed port 4 (step S3).

The sludge inlet 4 is closed by a sealing lid. The number N of forward and reverse rotations is set (step S
4). For example, N = 4. The high-temperature low-pressure steam is supplied to the heat exchanger 14 by a known means (step S5). The time T11 is set in the timer T11 (step S
6). The servo motor 9 starts forward rotation (step S
7). FIG. 8B shows the normal rotation state in which the contactor 21 rotates integrally with the blade rotation shaft 6. FIG. 8A shows a natural state of the contactor 21.

The sludge having a high viscosity put into the drying chamber is
It adheres to the heat exchange surface 23 of the heat exchanger 14 and is dragged, or is scraped up by the contact 21 and pressed against the entire surface of the heat exchange surface 23 to adhere. The sludge adheres to the heat exchange surface 23 to form a thin sludge layer. The thin sludge layer dries immediately. Undried sludge likewise adheres to the surface of such a sludge layer.

Both blades 24R, 24L of the contact 21 are moved in the direction of pressing the sludge layer A with respect to the heat exchange surface 23 during normal rotation, so that the growth of the sludge layer A is promoted. This state continues for time T11. When this time has elapsed (step S8), the servo motor 9 starts reverse rotation with the timer T2N set to the time T21 (step S9) (step S10).

FIG. 8B shows a reversing state in which the contactor 21 is rotated in reverse together with the blade rotating shaft 6. The dried sludge layer A having a low viscosity is scraped off and crushed by the contact 21. Both blades 24R, 24L of the contactor 21 are moved in the direction of scraping the sludge layer A with respect to the heat exchange surface 23 during reverse rotation, so that the sludge layer A is scraped from the heat exchange surface 23 and scraped. Granulate the resulting sludge.

Granulated sludge lumps and sludge having a higher viscosity are mixed and stirred. Time T set in timer T21
When 21 has passed (step S11), the servo motor 9 is stopped (step S12). N is decremented by 1 (step S13). A NO determination is made in step S14, and the process returns to step S6.

Again, the servomotor 9 rotates in the normal direction. FIG.
Although the sludge layer A shown in (b) has a lower viscosity,
The layer is formed thick and the growth of the sludge layer A is promoted. Since the sludge layer A is agitated and mixed, the drying speed is high. Steps S7 and S10 are repeated four times, and the dried sludge layer A adhering to the heat exchange surface 23 is scraped off, sufficiently agitated, mixed, and pulverized.

The dry sludge is formed into powder. When YES is determined in step S14, the reverse rotation of the servo motor 9 is stopped (step S15), the cylinder device 3 is operated, and the sludge inlet 4 is lowered to the lower position (step S).
16). The execution of the program is completed, and the powdery dry sludge is discharged from the sludge discharge port 5.

Although the layer is formed many times in this way, the layer is always one layer and has a uniform moisture content in the thickness direction, so that a uniformly dried powder is obtained. Such powders are reused as organic fertilizer, feed, etc.

9 and 10 are a plan view and a front sectional view showing a second embodiment of the mud dryer of the present invention. Tilt device 3
Is composed of a cylinder 41 and a piston rod 42. The drying chamber main body 1 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and the blade rotating shaft 6 penetrates the drying chamber main body 1 so as to share the cylindrical axis line, and the blade rotating shaft 6 passes through the pulley 7, the transmission belt 8 and the like. It is rotationally driven by the servo motor 9. The servo motor 9 is controlled and operated by the programmable controller 11, the blade rotation shaft 6 is normally or reversely rotated by the servo motor 9, and the programmable controller 11 is provided with the control panel or the input means 12, which is the same as the first embodiment. is there.

The operation pattern is changed depending on the nature of the raw material. It is possible to set respective durations of normal rotation for scraping and reverse rotation for pressing. A plurality of operation patterns are programmed in a plurality of cycles, one cycle of which is forward rotation and the other of which is reverse rotation, and one pattern can be selected. In one pattern, the forward rotation time and the reverse rotation time can be set.
FIG. 11 shows one cycle consisting of the forward rotation time N and the reverse rotation time M. For example, N is three times one rotation time, and M
Is twice as long as one rotation time.

The forward rotation time and the reverse rotation time are 1 as described above.
It can be set in units of rotation, but can also be set in units of angles within the range of one rotation. Figure 12
One cycle consisting of a forward rotation time P and a reverse rotation time Q is shown. For example, P is 3 times the 1/6 rotation time, and M is 1
/ 6 times the rotation time. When the fixing force with the disk surface is strong, the scraping can be completed by repeating the forward and reverse rotations in small steps.

The second embodiment is a vacuum dryer. The drying chamber main body 1 is provided with a vacuum evaporation / drying unit 51 and a condenser chamber unit 52 for collecting steam. Vacuum evaporation drying section 5
1 and the condenser chamber 52 for recovering vapor are rotationally driven by an independent servomotor 9.

Three disk-shaped heat exchangers 14, 14, 14 are fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the vacuum evaporation / drying section 51. The heat exchanger 14 has a structure similar to that of the first embodiment. That is, the heat exchanger 14 is formed with the axial hole 15 formed by a cylindrical surface sharing the axis line. Each heat exchanger 14 is separated from the blade rotating shaft 6. The heat exchanger 14 is a hollow body including a fluid chamber 55 filled with hot water or high-temperature steam.

As shown in FIG. 10, a contactor (or rotating blade) 21 is attached to the blade rotating shaft 6. A contactor attachment arm 22 extending in the radial direction is attached to the blade rotation shaft 6. The contact 21 is fixed to the contact attachment arm 22. The contactor attachment arm 22 is provided between the adjacent heat exchangers 14, that is, the adjacent heat transfer surface (or dry surface) of the heat exchanger 14.
It is arranged between the heat exchange surfaces 23. Heat exchange surface 23
Is a surface perpendicular to the axis of the outer surface of the heat exchanger 14. Contact 2
1 extends in the radial direction. The contact 21 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in, the structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

That is, the contactor 21 is composed of a root portion 26 and both wings 24R and 24L as shown in FIGS. Both wings 24R, 24L extend in the circumferential direction while extending in the axial direction from the root portion 26. Both wings 24R, 24L,
It extends in the opposite direction in the axial direction. The contactor 21 is made of an elastic material. The contactor 21 can be manufactured, for example, by bending a steel plate into a generally U-shape or a concave shape and quenching. Stainless steel can also be used.
The tip portions of both wings 24R, 24L are more flexibly displaced with respect to the vicinity of the root portion 26 in the portions closer to the tips.

Two sets of such contactors 21 are provided between the three heat exchangers 14. The heat exchanger 14 is formed in a fin-like appearance in appearance. The heat exchanger composed of a plurality of heat exchangers 14 includes a large number of heat exchangers 14 that can be seen as fins. When using steam, a drain reservoir is provided below the vacuum evaporation / drying unit 51, and the fluid chamber 55 is connected to the drain reservoir through a small drain outlet opened at the lower end of each heat exchanger 14. This is also the same as in the first embodiment, in that only the drain that is collected in the drain reservoir, reaches the vapor trap, and is gas-liquid separated is discharged to the outside. If hot water is used, such a structure is not necessary.

The condenser chamber portion 52 is adjacent to the vacuum evaporation / drying portion 51 on a coaxial line. Condenser chamber part 5
Two disk-shaped cooling heat exchangers 11 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of 2.
4, 114 are fixed. Cooling heat exchanger 114
Has the same structure as the heat exchanger 14. That is, the cooling heat exchanger 114 is formed with the axial hole 115 formed of a cylindrical surface sharing the axis line. Each cooling heat exchanger 114 is separated from the blade rotating shaft 6. The cooling heat exchanger 114 has a cooling chamber 1 in which cooling water circulates.
It is a hollow body including 55.

A cooling side contactor (or rotating blade) 121 is attached to the blade rotating shaft 6. A cooling-side contactor attachment arm 122 extending in the radial direction is attached to the blade rotating shaft 6. The cooling side contact 12 is attached to the cooling side contact mounting arm 122.
1 is fixed. The cooling side contact attachment arm 122 is provided between the adjacent cooling heat exchangers 114, that is, the cooling heat exchanger 1
It is arranged between 14 adjacent cooling side heat transfer surfaces (or drying surfaces, heat exchange surfaces) 123.

The cooling side heat transfer surface 123 is a surface perpendicular to the outer surface of the cooling heat exchanger 114. Cooling side contact 121
Extend radially. The cooling-side contactor 121 has the same structure as the contactor 21 of the first embodiment shown in FIGS.

That is, the cooling side contactor 121 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, in which the root portion 26 and both blades 24R and 24L.
It is composed of Both wings 24R, 24L are the root part 2
6 extends in the circumferential direction while extending in the axial direction. Both wings 24R, 24L extend in opposite axial directions. The cooling side contact 121 is formed of an elastic material. The cooling-side contact 121 can be manufactured by bending a steel plate into a generally U-shape or a concave shape and quenching it. However,
The cooling-side contactor 121 is for cleaning the disk surface, and its structure can be formed more easily than that of the drying part.

A set of such cooling side contacts 121 has two
Two bodies are provided between the body cooling heat exchangers. The heat exchanger for cooling is formed in a fin-like appearance in appearance. The cooling heat exchanger including a plurality of cooling heat exchangers includes a large number of cooling heat exchangers 114 that can be seen as fins. As shown in FIG. 10, the suction pipe 31 is provided on the bottom wall of the condenser chamber 52. The suction pipe 61 is connected to the vacuum pump 62.

Next, the operation and operation of the second embodiment will be described. The drying action is carried out under vacuum (30-40 torr). Those that need to avoid heat denaturation, such as foods, are dried. Those having a cell membrane have improved drying efficiency. The drying operation is the same as in Embodiment 1 except that the drying is performed under vacuum conditions. Water vapor and organic gas generated by the drying action are drawn to the condenser chamber 52 by the suction action of the vacuum pump 62 and the contraction of the evaporating vapor, and are cooled by the cooling side heat transfer surface 123 of the cooling heat exchanger 114 to form droplets. Then, it flows down the cooling side heat transfer surface 123, is sucked by the vacuum pump 62, and is discharged to the outside. The solidified material solidified on the cooling side heat transfer surface 123 is the rotating cooling side contactor 12.
It is scraped off by 1 and falls to the bottom. The coagulated material is sucked by the vacuum pump together with the liquid and discharged to the outside (the coagulated material can be discharged after the process is completed).

13 and 14 show a contactor 2 as a third embodiment in which the contactor (or rotary blade) 21 of the first and second embodiments mounted on the blade rotating shaft 6 (not shown) is improved.
21 is shown. A contactor attachment arm 222 extending in the radial direction is attached to the blade rotation shaft 6.

The contactor 221 is fixed to the contactor attachment arm 222. The contactor attachment arms 222 are arranged between the adjacent heat exchangers 14, that is, between the adjacent heat transfer surfaces (or drying surface, heat exchange surface) 23 of the heat exchangers. Heat exchange surface 2
Reference numeral 3 is a surface perpendicular to the axis of the outer surface of the heat exchanger. Contact 22
1 extends in the radial direction. The contact 221 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the contactor mounting arm 222 is fixed by bolts 225.

The contacts 221 are constructed as both wings. The contact element 221 extends in the circumferential direction while extending in the axial direction, extends in the opposite axial direction on both blade sides, and is formed of an elastic material, which is the same structure as in the first and second embodiments. The contactor 221 of both blades is manufactured by bending a steel plate, for example, but is formed separately.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 17, the contactor mounting arm 222 is provided with a through cavity 226 at the center on the radial center side. The through cavity 226 is opened in the contactor attachment arm 222 in the circumferential direction. To the outside in the radial direction,
An inclined stirring plate 227 is attached to the contactor attachment arm 222. As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the inclined stirring plate 227
The inclination direction of is a direction in which the rotation direction (circumferential direction) of the contactor 221 scraping off the mud adhered to the heat exchange surface 23 and the central direction are combined.

A cylindrical surface scraping scraper 228 is attached to the outer end of the contact 221 in the radial direction. The cylindrical surface scraping scraper 228 has bidirectionality. The cylindrical surface scraping scraper 228 includes both blades arranged in the circumferential direction. As shown in FIG. 14, the contactor 221 includes the rotating shaft portion 2
It is attached to 29 by a bolt 230 so as to be replaceable.

Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described. As in the first and second embodiments, the rotating contactor 221 presses the mud matter against the heat exchange surface 23 during forward rotation and scrapes off the mud matter adhered to the heat exchange surface 23 during reverse rotation. Embodiments 1 and 2
In some cases, the whole amount of mud matter adheres to the scraper and rotates in the same body at some time during drying. Embodiment 3
Then, since it passes through the through-cavity 226, the whole amount of the mud matter does not adhere to the scraper and rotate in the same body.

The cylindrical surface scraping scraper 228 rotates in contact with the cylindrical surface or the partial cylindrical surface of the drying chamber main body 1 to scrape off the mud-like matter adhering to the cylindrical surface regardless of whether the normal rotation or the reverse rotation is performed. You can

[0068]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the mud dryer of the present invention, the mud layer elastically pressed by an appropriate pressing force grows rapidly. Since the growth and crushing of the mud layer can be performed only by reversing the rotating direction of the contactor or the drying surface that promotes such growth, the capacity can be easily increased by increasing the number of partition walls. , The structure of the dryer is simplified, and the thermal efficiency is improved, and at the same time the equipment cost is reduced. Further, since the mud matter is mixed and stirred while pressing and scraping with the same contactor, the thermal efficiency is high from this point as well.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a mud dryer of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a rear view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a programmable controller.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart diagram.

8 (a), (b), and (c) are plan sectional views showing deformation modes of the contactor in a natural state, a normal rotation, and a reverse rotation, respectively.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing the first embodiment of the mud dryer of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of FIG. 9.

FIG. 11 is a time chart diagram showing an example of an operation pattern.

FIG. 12 is a time chart diagram showing another example of the operation pattern.

FIG. 13 is a front view showing Embodiment 3 of the mud dryer of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of FIG. 13.

15 is a sectional view taken along line XV-XV in FIG.

16 is a sectional view taken along line XVI-XVI of FIG.

17 is a sectional view taken along line XVII-XVII in FIG.

18 is a sectional view taken along line XVIII-XVIII in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Drying chamber main body 2 ... Machine stand 3 ... Cylinder device 4 ... Sludge input port 5 ... Sludge discharge port 6 ... Blade rotating shaft 9 ... Inverter / motor 11 ... Programmable controller 12 ... Input means 14 ... Heat exchanger 16 ... Steam chamber 21, 121, 221 ... Contact 22,22 ... Contact mounting arm 23 ... Heat exchange surface 31 ... Central processing unit 32 ... ROM 33 ... RAM

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of heat exchange elements, the outer surfaces of which form a heat exchange surface through which a heat medium is passed, and a plurality of heat exchange elements which are adjacent to each other and which face each other, face each other with respect to the heat exchange element. And a rotary blade that rotates in a positive direction, the rotary blade having anisotropy that presses the mud that is attached to the heat exchange surface and that is to be dried during forward rotation and scrapes during reverse rotation. 2. The mud dryer according to claim 1, wherein the anisotropy has physical anisotropy. 3. The mud dryer according to claim 2, wherein the physical anisotropy is given by an elastic material having anisotropy in a rotation direction. 4. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of disk-shaped heat transfer surfaces each having a thin partition wall through which a heat medium passes, the main shaft penetrating in the center and the partition wall and the partition wall facing each other. The rotating blades are fixed to the main shaft between the adjacent partition walls for stirring, and the rotating blades elastically contact the partition walls directly or indirectly through a mud. A mud dryer characterized by: 5. The mud dryer according to claim 4, wherein both blades of the rotary blade are in contact with the facing partition wall. 6. A heat exchanging surface for exchanging heat between the hot steam and the mud is formed on the heat exchanging body, and a contact moving with respect to the heat exchanging surface is formed on the heat exchanging surface or the heat exchanging surface. To the mud during the drying that adheres to, the relative movement of the heat exchange surface and the contactor is reversed in the positive direction and the negative direction, the mud at the time of normal rotation to the contactor. A mud dryer, which is characterized by giving anisotropy by pressing down and scraping the mud at the time of reversal. 7. The mud dryer according to claim 6, wherein the mud is stirred and mixed by alternately performing forward rotation and reverse rotation. 8. The contact according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the contact rotates with respect to the heat exchange surface, and the heat exchange surface is orthogonal or intersects with a rotation axis of the contact. Characteristic mud dryer.